Released: Dec 2006
Next CBECS will be conducted in 2007

Table C10.  Consumption and Gross Energy Intensity by Climate Zonea for Non-Mall Buildings, 2003
  Sum of Major Fuel
Consumption
(trillion Btu)		 Total Floorspace
of Buildings
(million square feet)		 Energy Intensity for
Sum of Major Fuels
(thousand Btu/
square foot)
Zone 1 Zone 2 Zone 3 Zone 4 Zone 5 Zone
 1		 Zone
2		 Zone
3		 Zone
4		 Zone
5		 Zone 1 Zone 2 Zone 3 Zone 4 Zone 5
All Buildings* ........................... 990 1,761 1,134 1,213 724 10,622 17,335 11,504 15,739 9,584 93.2 101.6 98.5 77.0 75.5
Building Floorspace
(Square Feet)
1,001 to 5,000 ............................ 143 187 90 170 95 1,313 1,709 1,010 1,915 975 108.7 109.6 88.8 89.0 97.9
5,001 to 10,000 .......................... 110 137 91 156 69 1,248 1,725 1,077 2,024 959 88.1 79.3 84.6 77.1 71.7
10,001 to 25,000 ........................ 183 286 146 166 118 2,406 3,506 1,498 3,176 2,073 75.9 81.6 97.6 52.3 56.9
25,001 to 50,000 ........................ 146 212 125 152 107 1,547 2,424 1,382 2,381 1,647 94.4 87.6 90.3 63.7 64.8
50,001 to 100,000 ...................... 149 273 183 191 118 1,480 2,780 2,011 2,352 1,668 100.8 98.0 90.8 81.2 70.6
100,001 to 200,000 .................... 117 336 187 283 141 1,311 2,889 1,881 2,597 1,538 89.4 116.3 99.2 109.1 91.7
200,001 to 500,000 .................... 129 226 168 136 94 1,150 2,007 1,678 1,612 1,047 111.8 112.5 99.8 84.1 89.6
Over 500,000 ............................. Q 272 254 132 Q 1,073 1,766 1,966 1,573 1,282 Q 153.8 129.4 83.9 Q
Principal Building Activity
Education ................................... 141 238 131 186 123 1,537 2,800 1,403 2,435 1,698 91.6 85.2 93.5 76.6 72.6
Food Sales ................................. Q Q Q Q Q 271 368 Q 273 Q Q Q Q Q Q
Food Service ............................. 52 96 Q 134 Q 227 400 219 440 366 230.1 238.7 Q 305.4 Q
Health Care ................................ 96 161 108 145 83 475 784 564 844 496 202.4 205.8 191.4 171.9 167.7
  Inpatient ................................... 65 127 Q 127 Q 262 450 323 592 278 246.1 283.3 Q 215.0 Q
  Outpatient ................................ Q 34 Q Q Q 213 334 240 252 218 Q 101.5 Q Q Q
Lodging ...................................... 69 174 110 104 Q 768 1,314 1,132 1,275 608 90.1 132.1 Q 81.4 Q
Retail (Other Than Mall).............. 73 64 54 74 55 710 865 695 1,454 592 103.0 73.5 77.7 50.7 92.0
Office ......................................... 145 364 298 162 165 1,593 3,165 3,125 2,341 1,985 90.7 114.9 95.4 69.3 83.2
Public Assembly ........................ 90 74 70 101 35 876 818 806 910 529 102.2 90.8 Q 111.1 65.8
Public Order and Safety ............ Q Q Q Q Q Q 360 Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q
Religious Worship ...................... 26 62 26 31 19 408 1,320 499 1,039 488 62.9 46.9 52.8 29.4 38.2
Service ...................................... 95 84 64 49 Q 944 1,185 644 969 308 100.4 71.2 99.5 50.3 Q
Warehouse and Storage ........... 78 201 73 73 31 1,704 2,639 1,479 2,419 1,836 45.7 76.1 49.5 30.1 16.9
Other .......................................... Q Q Q Q Q 334 467 Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q
Vacant ....................................... Q Q Q Q Q 543 849 Q 569 318 Q Q Q Q Q
Year Constructed
Before 1920 ............................... 109 99 Q Q Q 1,227 1,413 731 290 Q 88.6 70.2 89.0 Q Q
1920 to 1945 .............................. 86 262 199 57 Q 1,089 2,266 1,985 1,239 405 79.3 115.5 100.2 45.7 Q
1946 to 1959 .............................. 86 236 124 114 28 1,093 2,508 1,446 1,663 552 78.7 94.2 86.0 68.3 49.9
1960 to 1969 .............................. 156 254 158 141 81 1,447 2,576 1,576 1,997 1,046 108.0 98.8 100.3 70.5 77.7
1970 to 1979 .............................. 274 344 212 217 143 2,496 3,259 1,942 2,783 1,796 109.8 105.7 109.2 77.9 79.9
1980 to 1989 .............................. 110 343 222 354 217 1,123 2,808 2,110 3,850 2,576 98.2 122.2 105.3 91.9 84.3
1990 to 1999 .............................. 195 266 164 371 264 2,120 2,655 1,764 4,207 3,235 92.2 100.3 93.1 88.3 81.6
2000 to 2003 .............................. 69 124 98 112 108 934 1,322 949 1,601 1,456 73.6 93.5 103.3 70.0 74.4
Census Region and Division
Northeast ................................... 211 597 588 N N 2,567 5,989 5,440 N N 82.2 99.8 108.0 N N
  New England ........................... 62 282 N N N Q 2,463 N N N 63.1 114.5 N N N
  Middle Atlantic .......................... Q 315 588 N N 1,577 3,526 5,440 N N 94.2 89.4 108.0 N N
Midwest ..................................... 573 1,112 114 N N 5,910 10,584 1,609 N N 97.0 105.1 70.5 N N
  East North Central .................... 333 1,010 N N N 3,208 9,215 N N N 103.8 109.6 N N N
  West North Central .................. 240 102 114 N N 2,702 Q 1,609 N N 88.9 74.6 70.5 N N
South ......................................... N N 472 997 796 N N 4,736 11,506 10,497 N N 99.7 86.6 75.8
  South Atlantic .......................... N N 311 635 296 N N 3,065 7,126 3,807 N N 101.4 89.0 77.7
  East South Central ................... N N Q Q Q N N Q Q Q N N 112.3 78.5 98.9
  West South Central .................. N N Q 195 457 N N Q 2,255 6,258 N N Q 86.7 73.0
West .......................................... 302 219 Q 389 84 3,052 2,234 718 6,125 692 99.0 98.2 96.4 63.5 121.0
  Mountain .................................. 244 136 N N 65 2,446 1,181 N N 580 99.9 115.5 N N 112.9
  Pacific ...................................... Q 83 Q 389 Q Q Q 718 6,125 Q 95.1 78.8 96.4 63.5 Q
Number of Floors
One ............................................ 320 588 247 484 298 3,750 6,253 3,156 8,011 4,810 85.4 94.1 78.2 60.4 61.9
Two ........................................... 275 383 243 271 139 3,146 4,867 2,623 3,423 2,210 87.5 78.7 92.5 79.1 62.9
Three ......................................... 143 220 101 123 32 1,664 2,643 1,228 1,473 492 86.1 83.4 82.6 83.4 64.0
Four to Nine ............................... 206 393 328 264 145 1,731 2,525 2,744 1,982 1,103 119.3 155.7 119.5 133.2 131.2
Ten or More ............................... Q 176 215 71 Q 330 1,047 1,752 850 968 Q 168.0 122.5 83.5 Q
Elevators and Escalators
(more than one may apply)
Any Elevators ............................ 422 842 659 556 348 4,047 6,462 5,728 4,967 3,413 104.2 130.3 115.0 111.9 101.9
Number of Elevators
  One .......................................... 162 246 146 114 63 1,714 2,647 1,539 1,272 1,048 94.5 93.1 95.0 89.5 60.4
  Two to Five .............................. 185 335 234 272 131 1,906 2,479 2,282 2,263 1,199 97.3 135.2 102.5 120.3 109.2
  Six or More .............................. 74 261 278 170 154 427 1,336 1,908 1,431 1,166 173.9 195.1 146.0 118.5 131.8
Any Escalators .......................... Q Q Q Q Q Q Q 788 Q Q Q Q Q Q Q
Number of Workers (main shift)
Fewer than 5 ............................. 164 348 93 140 72 2,699 4,857 1,755 4,076 2,106 60.9 71.7 53.1 34.2 34.1
5 to 9 .......................................... 83 139 79 109 59 1,035 1,529 1,013 1,646 944 79.9 91.0 77.9 65.9 62.9
10 to 19 ...................................... 124 166 103 112 89 1,374 2,155 1,359 1,599 1,317 90.5 76.8 75.9 70.3 67.6
20 to 49 ...................................... 220 254 232 226 118 2,014 2,709 2,132 2,498 1,635 109.3 93.6 109.0 90.4 72.2
50 to 99 ...................................... 152 222 128 157 68 1,673 2,166 1,316 1,812 966 91.2 102.4 97.3 86.5 70.7
100 to 249 .................................. 118 232 145 262 81 996 1,561 1,434 2,109 771 118.0 148.9 100.9 124.4 104.5
250 or More ............................... 128 399 353 207 237 832 2,357 2,495 1,999 1,845 154.2 169.5 141.6 103.6 128.3
Weekly Operating Hours
Fewer than 40 ........................... 43 83 24 48 28 977 2,330 658 1,903 994 44.5 35.6 37.1 25.4 28.5
40 to 48 ...................................... 113 282 122 162 94 1,549 3,147 1,983 3,017 1,926 73.1 89.6 61.5 53.6 49.1
49 to 60 ...................................... 222 400 206 201 150 3,094 4,123 2,380 3,589 2,537 71.8 97.0 86.6 56.0 59.2
61 to 84 ...................................... 168 260 177 212 107 1,586 2,887 1,897 2,557 1,407 106.1 90.2 93.2 82.8 76.1
85 to 167 .................................... 199 218 174 180 118 1,552 1,665 1,386 1,384 1,105 128.2 131.0 125.7 130.0 107.0
Open Continuously .................... 244 517 430 410 225 1,863 3,184 3,200 3,288 1,615 130.9 162.5 134.4 124.7 139.5
Ownership and Occupancy
Nongovernment Owned ............ 704 1,177 885 904 533 8,063 12,350 9,204 12,409 7,396 87.3 95.3 96.1 72.9 72.0
  Owner Occupied ..................... 314 633 464 415 235 3,894 6,510 4,791 5,496 2,899 80.5 97.2 96.8 75.6 81.0
  Nonowner Occupied ............... 388 529 414 487 297 3,972 5,030 4,244 6,439 4,228 97.6 105.2 97.6 75.6 70.1
  Unoccupied .............................. Q Q Q Q Q Q 810 Q 473 Q Q Q Q Q Q
Government Owned .................. 285 583 249 309 191 2,558 4,985 2,300 3,330 2,189 111.6 117.0 108.1 92.6 87.3
  Federal ..................................... Q Q Q Q Q 167 1,135 Q 144 Q Q Q 169.3 Q Q
  State ........................................ 115 101 80 153 Q 696 709 692 1,247 Q 165.0 142.6 115.5 123.0 Q
  Local ........................................ 151 290 97 142 120 1,695 3,141 1,182 1,939 1,642 89.4 92.3 81.8 73.3 73.2
Vacancy Status
Completely Vacant ..................... Q Q Q Q Q Q 821 Q 491 303 Q Q Q Q Q
Mostly Vacant ............................ Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q
Partially Vacant .......................... 188 362 243 134 158 2,295 3,261 2,606 2,179 2,041 82.1 111.0 93.2 61.6 77.6
Not At All Vacant ....................... 882 1,547 986 1,249 719 8,690 14,697 9,609 14,882 8,830 101.4 105.3 102.6 83.9 81.4
Number of Establishments
One ............................................ 696 1,333 777 896 465 7,138 12,514 7,713 11,616 6,163 97.6 106.5 100.7 77.1 75.5
2 to 5 .......................................... 252 321 196 276 117 2,527 3,217 2,021 3,008 1,792 99.8 99.6 96.8 91.6 65.4
6 to 10 ........................................ 57 117 60 51 93 584 867 530 586 791 97.8 135.0 113.5 86.7 117.6
11 to 20 ...................................... Q 80 64 72 68 Q 747 793 694 723 Q 106.9 80.5 104.3 94.7
More than 20 .............................. Q Q Q 89 134 538 641 1,227 1,236 1,417 Q Q Q 72.4 94.7
Currently Unoccupied ................ Q Q Q Q Q Q 821 Q 491 303 Q Q Q Q Q
Predominant Exterior
Wall Material
Brick, Stone or Stucco ............... 458 1,096 621 668 342 4,477 9,905 6,068 8,295 4,071 102.4 110.7 102.4 80.6 83.9
Concrete (Block or Poured) ....... 216 222 213 191 132 2,023 2,599 1,840 2,428 1,942 106.6 85.4 115.9 78.8 68.0
Concrete Panels ........................ 109 160 121 124 154 895 1,252 1,219 1,431 1,762 121.7 127.4 99.2 86.9 87.1
Siding or Shingles ...................... 83 81 22 72 Q 1,294 1,319 443 849 214 64.3 61.6 49.0 84.3 Q
Metal Panels ............................... 102 112 84 134 32 1,665 1,492 1,287 2,394 1,074 61.0 74.8 65.2 56.1 29.5
Window Glass ........................... Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q
Other .......................................... Q Q Q Q Q Q 351 Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q
No One Major Type .................... Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q
Predominant Roof Material
Built-Up ...................................... 343 592 433 432 283 3,311 5,174 3,862 5,283 3,540 103.6 114.5 112.2 81.8 79.8
Shingles (Not Wood) .................. 161 264 156 184 58 1,788 3,309 1,498 2,657 943 90.3 79.6 103.8 69.1 61.9
Metal Surfacing .......................... 146 128 88 184 84 2,396 2,091 1,620 3,390 2,448 60.9 61.2 54.4 54.2 34.3
Synthetic or Rubber ................... 279 577 334 246 214 2,530 5,225 2,847 2,561 1,566 110.1 110.3 117.3 96.0 136.7
Slate or Tile ................................ Q 50 40 72 30 145 478 451 972 416 Q 103.6 88.0 74.1 71.9
Wooden Materials ...................... Q Q Q Q Q Q 217 Q 254 Q Q Q Q Q Q
Concrete .................................... Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q 320 394 Q Q Q Q Q
Other .......................................... Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q
No One Major Type .................... Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q
Renovations in Buildings
Constructed Before 1980
(more than one may apply)
Any Type of Renovation
 Since 1980 ................................ 387 578 411 267 124 3,793 5,445 4,025 3,157 1,424 102.0 106.1 102.1 84.4 87.0
   Addition or Annex ................... 205 215 152 107 54 1,800 1,798 1,489 930 533 113.6 119.6 102.0 115.0 101.8
   Reduction In Floorspace ......... Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q
   Cosmetic Improvements .......... 307 418 304 196 93 2,780 3,719 3,124 2,449 1,047 110.5 112.3 97.2 80.0 88.7
   Wall or Roof Replacement ...... 182 233 211 97 54 1,723 2,178 2,280 1,316 573 105.7 107.1 92.5 73.7 94.5
   Interior Wall
    Re-Configuration .................... 219 285 224 125 58 1,983 2,300 2,297 1,388 550 110.4 124.1 97.4 89.8 106.2
   HVAC Equipment Upgrade ...... 262 345 292 187 72 2,415 3,076 2,660 1,879 738 108.4 112.0 109.6 99.4 97.2
   Lighting Upgrade ..................... 274 339 263 148 61 2,492 3,124 2,353 1,707 600 110.1 108.6 111.7 86.8 101.1
   Window Replacement ............. 133 234 175 53 Q 1,384 2,142 1,938 650 241 96.0 109.1 90.1 81.3 Q
   Plumbing System Upgrade ...... 184 230 189 106 Q 1,616 1,939 1,948 1,204 437 113.5 118.7 97.1 88.1 Q
   Insulation Upgrade .................. 90 110 105 55 Q 907 1,181 1,079 583 265 99.5 93.3 97.6 93.8 Q
   Other Renovation .................... Q Q Q Q N Q Q Q Q N Q Q Q Q N
No Renovations Since 1980 ...... 282 536 306 239 119 3,217 5,893 3,291 4,329 1,983 87.5 91.0 92.9 55.3 59.8
Building Newer than 1980 ......... 375 733 485 837 590 4,177 6,785 4,823 9,658 7,267 89.7 108.0 100.5 86.7 81.1
Energy Sources (more than
one may apply)
Electricity ................................... 1,086 1,929 1,243 1,386 879 11,300 18,549 12,374 17,064 10,894 96.1 104.0 100.4 81.2 80.7
Natural Gas ................................ 893 1,551 990 1,054 555 8,486 14,122 8,970 11,796 5,098 105.2 109.8 110.3 89.3 108.9
Fuel Oil ....................................... 303 529 539 284 212 2,624 4,285 4,950 2,528 1,878 115.6 123.4 108.8 112.3 112.9
District Heat ............................... Q Q 228 Q Q 825 1,917 1,349 1,025 460 Q Q 168.7 Q Q
District Chilled Water .................. Q Q Q Q Q 350 698 514 659 633 Q Q Q Q Q
Propane ..................................... 118 214 71 123 57 1,607 2,036 1,102 1,403 928 73.7 105.2 64.7 87.8 61.9
Other .......................................... 45 33 Q Q Q 483 378 268 223 Q 94.1 87.6 Q Q Q
Space-Heating Energy Sources
(more than one may apply)
Electricity ................................... 406 663 577 615 551 4,620 6,930 5,818 8,674 7,156 88.0 95.7 99.2 70.9 77.0
Natural Gas ................................ 818 1,335 757 903 330 7,970 12,658 7,002 10,350 3,128 102.7 105.5 108.1 87.3 105.4
Fuel Oil ....................................... 149 161 242 Q Q 1,563 1,687 2,418 385 Q 95.3 95.7 Q Q Q
District Heat ............................... Q Q 222 Q Q 818 1,882 1,281 918 432 Q Q 173.0 Q Q
Propane ..................................... 34 24 Q Q Q 849 650 Q 755 Q 39.5 36.7 37.7 Q Q
Other .......................................... Q Q Q Q Q 339 208 Q Q Q 79.7 Q Q Q Q
Primary Space-Heating
Energy Source
Electricity ................................... 171 266 230 376 450 1,984 3,236 2,859 5,863 6,274 86.4 82.1 80.3 64.2 71.8
Natural Gas ................................ 738 1,209 688 781 280 7,264 11,744 6,310 8,738 2,616 101.6 103.0 109.0 89.4 107.2
Fuel Oil ....................................... 79 99 Q Q Q 962 1,283 1,587 Q Q 82.3 77.3 Q Q Q
District Heat ............................... Q Q 212 Q Q 752 1,771 1,231 883 Q Q Q 172.6 Q Q
Propane ..................................... 11 14 Q Q Q 394 492 Q 423 Q 29.1 29.2 35.4 Q Q
Other .......................................... Q Q Q Q N Q Q Q Q N Q Q Q Q N
Cooling Energy Sources
(more than one may apply)
Electricity ................................... 944 1,605 1,099 1,267 790 9,092 15,265 11,279 15,330 9,974 103.9 105.1 97.4 82.7 79.2
Natural Gas ................................ Q Q Q Q Q Q 358 Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q
District Chilled Water .................. Q Q Q Q Q 350 698 514 659 633 Q Q Q Q Q
Water-Heating Energy Sources
(more than one may apply)
Electricity ................................... 383 673 503 626 453 4,685 7,610 5,923 8,077 6,274 81.7 88.4 85.0 77.5 72.2
Natural Gas ................................ 663 1,067 661 797 416 6,152 9,299 5,421 8,047 3,393 107.8 114.7 121.9 99.1 122.5
Fuel Oil ....................................... 48 53 Q Q Q 389 505 933 Q Q 124.1 105.6 Q Q Q
District Heat ............................... Q Q 178 Q Q 582 787 1,073 695 Q Q Q 165.9 Q Q
Propane ..................................... Q Q Q Q Q 341 312 Q 260 Q Q Q 44.9 Q Q
Cooking Energy Sources
(more than one may apply)
Electricity ................................... 256 513 279 288 243 2,123 4,210 2,235 2,472 2,120 120.6 121.8 125.0 116.3 114.8
Natural Gas ................................ 298 568 470 454 283 2,217 4,071 3,464 3,518 2,167 134.4 139.6 135.8 129.1 130.6
Propane ..................................... 27 Q Q Q Q 354 259 Q 387 Q 75.5 Q Q Q Q
Energy End Uses (more than
one may apply)
Buildings with Space Heating .... 986 1,750 1,127 1,168 674 10,109 16,720 11,239 13,965 7,995 97.5 104.7 100.2 83.7 84.3
Buildings with Cooling ................ 906 1,553 1,106 1,178 721 8,550 14,524 10,946 13,977 8,943 105.9 106.9 101.1 84.3 80.7
Buildings with Water Heating ..... 966 1,571 1,116 1,160 686 9,474 15,160 10,785 13,192 7,867 102.0 103.6 103.4 87.9 87.2
Buildings with Cooking ............... 408 805 586 538 374 3,302 6,369 4,736 4,621 3,208 123.7 126.4 123.8 116.5 116.6
Buildings with Manufacturing .... 61 64 79 44 Q 855 729 772 608 Q 71.5 88.2 102.9 73.1 Q
Buildings with Electricity
 Generation ................................ 240 571 396 296 190 1,764 3,862 2,973 2,583 1,639 135.9 147.8 133.3 114.7 115.8
Percent of Floorspace Heated
Not Heated ................................. 100 178 116 217 205 1,420 2,088 1,263 3,665 3,194 70.5 85.5 91.9 59.3 64.3
1 to 50 ........................................ 42 62 73 84 37 1,111 1,109 1,325 1,845 1,460 38.2 56.0 55.3 45.3 25.3
51 to 99 ...................................... 139 168 160 180 100 1,377 1,735 1,713 2,349 932 100.6 96.6 93.5 76.6 107.4
100 ............................................. 805 1,521 893 905 537 7,620 13,876 8,202 9,772 5,602 105.6 109.6 108.9 92.6 95.9
Percent of Floorspace Cooled
Not Cooled ................................. 180 376 137 208 158 2,979 4,283 1,557 3,654 2,245 60.5 87.8 87.7 56.8 70.4
1 to 50 ........................................ 270 325 218 166 49 3,133 4,657 3,422 3,480 1,906 86.0 69.7 63.6 47.6 25.5
51 to 99 ...................................... 255 425 375 233 126 2,327 3,568 3,297 2,803 1,215 109.5 119.0 113.6 83.2 103.3
100 ............................................. 381 804 514 779 547 3,089 6,300 4,227 7,693 5,822 123.5 127.6 121.6 101.3 94.0
Percent Lit When Open
Zero ........................................... Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q
1 to 50 ........................................ 129 166 112 75 58 1,956 2,667 2,132 2,066 1,382 65.8 62.3 52.6 36.5 41.7
51 to 99 ...................................... 346 488 378 286 238 3,666 4,929 3,133 3,804 2,756 94.4 99.1 120.5 75.2 86.3
100 ............................................. 505 1,081 634 845 425 4,362 8,654 5,924 8,979 4,870 115.7 124.9 107.0 94.1 87.3
Building Never Open/
 Electricity Not Used ................... Q Q Q Q Q 597 1,064 282 808 459 Q Q Q Q Q
Percent Lit When Closed
Zero ........................................... 236 396 148 212 141 3,536 4,589 2,252 4,370 2,637 66.7 86.2 65.7 48.5 53.5
1 to 50 ........................................ 478 777 502 557 312 4,772 8,916 5,541 7,172 4,546 100.2 87.1 90.6 77.7 68.6
51 to 100 .................................... Q Q Q Q 45 263 409 442 478 501 Q Q Q Q 90.7
Building Never Closed/
 Electricity Not Used ................... 244 518 430 410 225 2,051 3,421 3,269 3,718 1,899 119.0 151.3 131.6 110.3 118.6
Heating Equipment (more
than one may apply)
Heat Pumps ................................ 75 176 213 222 119 727 1,471 1,971 3,283 1,361 102.8 119.7 108.2 67.5 87.6
  Packaged Heat Pumps ............. Q Q 144 125 93 433 995 1,267 1,749 997 Q 112.6 113.5 71.2 93.4
  Split-System Heat Pumps ......... Q Q Q 66 29 Q 227 686 1,140 419 Q Q 112.4 58.0 69.1
  Individual Room Heat Pumps .... Q Q 56 64 Q Q 497 537 1,021 287 Q Q 105.0 62.6 Q
Furnaces ................................... 370 512 207 286 118 4,587 6,411 2,648 4,313 1,658 80.6 79.9 78.0 66.4 71.1
Individual Space Heaters ........... 236 314 247 166 60 3,014 3,582 2,524 2,569 856 78.4 87.7 98.0 64.5 70.2
District Heat ............................... Q Q 218 Q Q 801 1,749 1,266 918 432 Q Q 171.9 Q Q
Boilers ........................................ 435 740 533 381 155 4,060 6,835 4,693 3,334 1,500 107.1 108.3 113.5 114.3 103.6
Packaged Heating Units ............. 239 441 326 435 287 2,126 3,708 3,204 5,619 3,365 112.5 119.0 101.6 77.5 85.4
Other .......................................... 63 58 Q 25 48 816 674 497 525 750 77.4 85.4 Q 47.3 63.9
Cooling Equipment (more
than one may apply)
Residential-Type Central
 Air Conditioners ........................ 197 273 219 152 83 1,971 3,078 2,207 2,056 1,723 99.9 88.7 99.1 73.8 48.4
Heat Pumps ................................ 76 182 221 233 125 739 1,542 1,998 3,398 1,365 102.8 118.1 110.5 68.6 91.7
  Packaged Heat Pumps ............. 50 Q 155 118 90 453 1,033 1,337 1,679 924 110.3 112.8 115.6 70.2 97.0
  Split-System Heat Pumps ......... Q Q Q 70 31 Q 247 703 1,127 458 Q Q 111.6 61.7 68.0
  Individual Room Heat Pumps .... Q Q 55 78 Q 377 510 523 1,190 340 Q Q 104.7 65.2 Q
Individual Air Conditioners ......... 234 358 210 192 86 2,321 3,633 2,786 2,565 1,253 100.8 98.5 75.5 74.7 68.7
District Chilled Water .................. Q Q Q Q Q 350 698 514 659 633 Q Q Q Q Q
Central Chillers ........................... 200 433 348 326 225 1,604 2,658 2,473 2,695 2,205 124.7 162.8 140.7 120.9 101.8
Packaged Air Conditioning
 Units .......................................... 505 858 588 600 312 4,565 7,740 6,076 7,703 3,884 110.6 110.8 96.8 77.8 80.4
Swamp Coolers ......................... 57 38 Q Q Q 515 468 Q 346 Q 111.7 81.6 Q Q Q
Other .......................................... Q Q Q Q Q Q 336 Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q
Main Equipment Replaced Since
1990 (more than one may apply)
Heating ....................................... 263 481 273 229 122 3,263 4,981 3,204 3,195 1,759 80.5 96.5 85.1 71.7 69.4
Cooling ....................................... 361 656 452 288 192 3,555 5,895 4,827 4,112 2,606 101.7 111.2 93.6 70.0 73.7
Water Heating Equipment
Centralized System .................... 684 958 683 697 411 6,315 9,553 6,774 7,444 4,585 108.4 100.3 100.8 93.6 89.6
Distributed System ..................... 102 244 167 187 134 1,468 2,954 2,015 3,009 2,094 69.8 82.6 83.0 62.2 64.2
Combination of Centralized
 and Distributed System ............. 180 369 266 276 141 1,691 2,654 1,996 2,739 1,187 106.1 139.0 133.2 100.7 118.4
Lighting Equipment Types
(more than one may apply)
Incandescent ............................. 674 1,156 854 770 461 7,016 10,308 8,192 7,939 5,073 96.1 112.2 104.3 97.0 90.9
Standard Fluorescent ................ 965 1,696 1,107 1,178 698 9,783 16,090 10,871 14,316 8,627 98.7 105.4 101.8 82.3 80.9
Compact Fluorescent ................. 529 882 745 693 358 4,667 6,835 6,292 6,439 3,339 113.5 129.1 118.5 107.6 107.3
High Intensity Discharge ............ 395 738 439 343 226 3,955 6,149 4,385 3,863 2,292 99.9 120.0 100.0 88.9 98.7
Halogen ...................................... 356 550 417 434 225 2,762 4,485 3,903 4,117 2,435 128.8 122.5 106.9 105.5 92.2
Other .......................................... Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q 142.6 198.5 Q
Refrigeration Equipment
(more than one may apply)b
Any Refrigeration....................... 887 1,526 1,030 1,102 669 8,673 14,438 9,893 12,329 7,640 102.2 105.7 104.1 89.4 87.6
  Commercial Refrigeration ......... 504 975 705 711 441 4,106 7,355 5,702 5,784 3,821 122.8 132.5 123.7 122.9 115.3
    Walk-In Units .......................... 408 788 565 630 375 3,188 5,353 4,341 4,490 2,882 127.9 147.2 130.2 140.3 130.0
    Cases or Cabinets ................. 401 776 575 572 378 2,950 5,523 4,191 4,586 3,174 135.9 140.5 137.3 124.8 119.0
  Residential-Type Units ............. 632 1,076 689 635 435 6,713 10,957 7,367 8,479 5,369 94.1 98.2 93.6 74.8 80.9
  Vending Machines ................... 609 1,102 729 782 499 5,824 9,186 6,729 8,220 5,375 104.7 119.9 108.3 95.1 92.8
No Refrigeration ......................... 103 235 104 111 55 1,949 2,897 1,611 3,410 1,944 53.0 81.1 64.3 32.5 28.1
Office Equipment (more
than one may apply)
Computers ................................. 919 1,595 1,078 1,100 684 8,976 14,756 10,556 13,086 8,253 102.3 108.1 102.2 84.0 82.8
  With Flat Screen Monitors ........ 413 828 742 585 398 3,629 6,548 6,204 6,118 3,919 113.9 126.5 119.5 95.6 101.5
Dedicated Servers ..................... 592 1,099 851 762 456 5,673 9,426 7,813 8,157 5,269 104.4 116.6 108.9 93.4 86.6
Laser Printers ............................ 558 924 565 585 377 5,811 8,950 5,910 7,675 4,666 95.9 103.3 95.6 76.2 80.9
Inkjet Printers ............................. 599 861 696 706 440 5,523 7,781 6,220 7,556 5,130 108.5 110.7 111.8 93.4 85.8
FAX Machines ........................... 865 1,450 1,056 1,067 653 8,446 13,443 10,336 12,438 7,710 102.5 107.8 102.2 85.8 84.7
Photocopiers .............................. 744 1,312 935 919 555 7,181 12,244 9,222 10,780 6,828 103.6 107.1 101.4 85.3 81.3
Number of Computers
None .......................................... 71 165 55 113 40 1,646 2,579 948 2,652 1,331 43.2 64.1 58.1 42.6 30.1
1 to 4 .......................................... 201 324 134 220 136 2,242 3,537 1,801 3,206 1,608 89.6 91.6 74.5 68.6 84.8
5 to 9 .......................................... 123 157 96 95 74 1,392 1,946 1,206 1,572 1,063 88.3 80.5 80.0 60.7 69.8
10 to 19 ...................................... 106 153 90 106 59 1,057 1,724 1,032 1,568 1,228 100.4 89.0 87.2 67.6 48.4
20 to 49 ...................................... 126 186 154 168 71 1,239 2,045 1,441 1,729 960 102.1 91.2 107.0 97.4 74.5
50 to 99 ...................................... 84 119 93 148 69 740 1,124 1,078 1,547 887 113.1 105.9 Q 95.9 77.3
100 to 249 .................................. 141 191 148 160 74 1,266 1,554 1,389 1,626 855 111.3 123.2 106.3 98.5 86.1
250 or More ............................... 138 464 363 201 200 1,040 2,825 2,610 1,837 1,652 132.5 164.4 139.1 109.6 121.0
Number of Dedicated Servers
None .......................................... 398 662 283 450 268 4,949 7,909 3,691 7,581 4,315 80.3 83.7 76.6 59.4 62.0
1 to 4 .......................................... 433 600 471 492 237 4,305 6,249 4,591 5,624 3,346 100.6 96.0 102.6 87.6 70.9
5 to 9 .......................................... 35 117 Q 90 Q 516 980 1,078 884 405 67.7 119.5 112.8 101.3 Q
10 to 19 ...................................... 62 160 59 82 Q 412 965 455 724 472 150.2 165.6 129.6 113.0 Q
20 to 49 ...................................... Q Q Q Q Q 252 428 586 604 713 Q Q Q Q Q
50 or More ................................. Q 155 119 Q Q Q 804 1,102 321 Q Q 192.7 107.7 Q Q
Number of Photocopiers
None .......................................... 246 449 198 293 168 3,440 5,090 2,281 4,958 2,756 71.4 88.1 86.9 59.2 61.1
One ............................................ 243 343 177 246 121 2,653 4,546 2,337 3,806 2,133 91.6 75.4 75.6 64.7 56.9
2 to 4 .......................................... 256 369 244 302 164 2,655 3,694 2,833 3,554 2,345 96.2 99.9 86.0 85.0 69.9
5 to 9 .......................................... 95 181 119 132 85 863 1,386 1,219 1,326 721 110.2 130.5 97.4 99.7 117.8
10 or More ................................. 150 419 396 239 185 1,010 2,619 2,833 2,093 1,629 148.9 160.1 139.9 113.9 113.5
Energy-Related Space Functions
(more than one may apply)
Commercial Food Preparation .... 408 804 586 538 374 3,302 6,358 4,736 4,620 3,208 123.7 126.4 123.8 116.5 116.6
Activities with Large
 Amounts of Hot Water .............. 424 727 485 570 259 3,451 5,260 4,091 4,479 2,200 122.8 138.2 118.5 127.4 117.9
Separate Computer Area ........... 414 877 683 580 340 3,713 7,143 5,988 6,266 3,763 111.6 122.8 114.0 92.6 90.5
HVAC Conservation Features
(more than one may apply)
Variable Air-Volume System ..... 364 672 516 488 340 2,985 4,852 4,086 4,201 3,473 122.0 138.5 126.3 116.1 98.0
Economizer Cycle ...................... 447 780 591 489 282 3,804 5,533 4,736 4,630 2,406 117.5 141.0 124.8 105.6 117.1
HVAC Maintenance ................... 829 1,595 1,017 1,064 665 8,045 14,309 9,597 11,542 7,670 103.0 111.5 105.9 92.2 86.7
Energy Management and
 Control System (EMCS) ............ 282 495 424 327 254 2,438 3,834 3,284 3,546 2,528 115.8 129.2 129.2 92.1 100.4
Window and Interior Lighting
Features (more than one
may apply)
Multipaned Windows ................. 811 1,288 787 696 348 8,109 11,763 7,855 7,264 3,919 100.0 109.5 100.2 95.8 88.9
Tinted Window Glass ................ 417 941 629 648 464 3,628 7,587 5,356 7,883 5,434 114.9 124.0 117.4 82.2 85.3
Reflective Window Glass .......... 127 258 217 194 131 1,259 2,139 1,733 2,066 1,347 100.5 120.6 125.4 94.0 96.9
External Overhangs
 or Awnings ............................... 288 486 304 401 257 2,640 4,510 3,003 4,424 2,665 109.1 107.8 101.3 90.6 96.5
Skylights or Atriums ................... 253 407 278 213 156 2,164 3,572 2,573 2,596 1,640 116.8 114.0 108.1 82.0 95.1
Daylighting Sensors ................... 80 Q Q 60 Q 574 837 413 618 426 138.6 147.4 Q 97.6 Q
Specular Reflectors ................... 493 931 603 521 281 4,446 7,579 5,238 5,892 2,961 110.9 122.8 115.2 88.4 94.7
Electronic Ballasts ..................... 859 1,357 948 975 608 8,390 11,771 8,922 10,876 6,923 102.3 115.3 106.2 89.7 87.8
Energy Management and
 Control System (EMCS)
 For Lighting ............................... 84 148 134 77 95 756 1,249 881 899 997 111.8 118.8 151.8 85.4 95.5
Equipment Usage Reduced
When Building Not In Full Use
(more than one may apply)b
Heating ....................................... 635 1,096 843 736 431 6,995 11,651 8,469 10,227 5,380 90.7 94.1 99.5 71.9 80.1
Cooling ....................................... 621 1,053 858 777 535 6,309 10,745 8,843 10,627 6,681 98.4 98.0 97.1 73.1 80.1
Lighting ...................................... 711 1,203 662 771 471 7,959 12,889 7,802 11,312 7,025 89.3 93.3 84.9 68.2 67.1
Office Equipment ....................... 296 489 257 254 168 3,401 5,473 3,238 4,319 2,966 87.0 89.4 79.5 58.9 56.8
See "Guide to the Tables" or "Glossary" for further explanations of the terms used in this table. Both can be accessed from the CBECS web site - http://www.eia.doe.gov/emeu/cbecs.
 * Figures in this table do not include enclosed malls and strip malls. Mall buildings add an estimated 213 thousand buildings comprising 6.9 billion square feet. In the 1999 CBECS, malls represented 6.6 percent of total consumption.
a Climate zone (30-year average) definitions: Zone 1 = Under 2,000 CDD and more than 7,000 HDD; Zone 2 = Under 2,000 CDD and 5,500-7,000 HDD; Zone 3 = Under 2,000 CDD and 4,000-5,499 HDD; Zone 4 = Under 2,000 CDD and fewer than 4,000 HDD; Zone 5 = 2,000 CDD or more and fewer than 4,000 HDD. (See "Glossary" for definitions of CDD and HDD.)
b The definition for one or more of these row items has changed and may not be directly comparable with past CBECS estimates. See "Guide to the Tables" for discussion of the differences.
Q=Data withheld because the Relative Standard Error (RSE) was greater than 50 percent, or fewer than 20 buildings were sampled.
N=No responding cases in sample.
Notes: ● Statistics for the "Energy End Uses" category represent total consumption in buildings that have the end use, not consumption specifically for that particular end use. ● HVAC = Heating, Ventilation, and Air Conditioning. ● Due to rounding, data may not sum to totals.
Source: Energy Information Administration, Office of Energy Markets and End Use, Forms EIA-871A, C, and E of the 2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey.