Released: Dec 2006
Next CBECS will be conducted in 2007
Table C28.  Natural Gas Consumption and Conditional Energy Intensity by Census Division for Non-Mall Buildings, 2003: Part 2
  Total Natural Gas
Consumption
(billion cubic feet)		 Total Floorspace of
Buildings Using Natural Gas
(million square feet)		 Natural Gas
Energy Intensity
(cubic feet/square foot)
West
North
Central		 South
Atlantic		 East
South
Central		 West
North
Central		 South
Atlantic		 East
South
Central		 West
North
Central		 South
Atlantic		 East
South
Central
All Buildings* ............................... 171 210 99 3,593 6,326 2,281 47.6 33.2 43.3
Building Floorspace
(Square Feet)
1,001 to 5,000 ................................ 23 25 11 346 325 209 66.6 75.3 53.5
5,001 to 10,000 .............................. 13 34 Q 305 620 Q 44.0 54.9 Q
10,001 to 25,000 ............................ 29 28 Q 756 987 565 37.9 28.6 Q
25,001 to 50,000 ............................ 44 17 12 840 714 363 52.6 24.4 Q
50,001 to 100,000 .......................... Q 27 Q Q 806 Q Q 33.1 Q
100,001 to 200,000 ........................ 19 Q Q 512 1,238 Q 37.8 30.8 Q
200,001 to 500,000 ........................ Q 23 Q Q 786 Q Q 28.9 Q
Over 500,000 ................................. Q 18 Q Q Q Q Q 21.6 Q
Principal Building Activity
Education ....................................... 14 25 Q 380 1,274 Q 38.1 19.6 Q
Food Sales ..................................... Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q
Food Service ................................. Q 42 Q Q 339 Q Q 123.8 Q
Health Care .................................... Q Q 17 Q 508 196 Q 87.5 86.2
  Inpatient ....................................... Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q
  Outpatient .................................... Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q
Lodging .......................................... 27 25 Q 508 630 Q 52.6 39.9 Q
Retail (Other Than Mall).................. Q 9 Q Q 465 Q Q 20.4 Q
Office ............................................. 19 12 Q 518 821 321 37.4 14.7 28.5
Public Assembly ............................ Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q
Public Order and Safety ................ Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q
Religious Worship .......................... Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q
Service .......................................... 13 Q Q 211 Q Q 60.7 Q Q
Warehouse and Storage ............... Q Q Q 662 Q Q 41.8 Q Q
Other .............................................. Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q
Vacant ........................................... Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q
Year Constructed
Before 1920 ................................... Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q
1920 to 1945 .................................. Q Q Q 385 Q Q 73.1 Q Q
1946 to 1959 .................................. 18 Q Q 321 496 Q 56.7 Q Q
1960 to 1969 .................................. 26 20 Q 603 556 Q 43.3 35.6 Q
1970 to 1979 .................................. 28 22 22 758 815 459 36.5 27.3 47.7
1980 to 1989 .................................. Q 35 Q Q 1,055 346 Q 32.8 73.0
1990 to 1999 .................................. 31 65 17 723 2,249 610 42.7 29.1 27.7
2000 to 2003 .................................. Q 20 Q Q 654 Q Q 30.9 Q
Climate Zone: 30-Year Average
Under 2,000 CDD and --
  More than 7,000 HDD ................... 84 N N 1,722 N N 48.8 N N
  5,500-7,000 HDD ......................... 43 N N Q N N Q N N
  4,000-5,499 HDD ......................... 44 58 Q 834 1,705 Q 52.3 33.9 Q
  Fewer than 4,000 HDD ................ N 131 Q N 3,643 Q N 35.9 34.9
2,000 CDD or More and --
  Fewer than 4,000 HDD ................ N Q Q N Q Q N 22.1 43.7
Number of Floors
One ................................................ 50 82 31 1,095 2,590 978 45.7 31.8 31.8
Two ............................................... 64 46 34 1,461 1,439 571 43.7 31.9 58.9
Three ............................................. 23 Q Q 581 600 Q 39.2 Q Q
Four to Nine ................................... 33 41 Q 417 1,182 Q 78.0 35.1 Q
Ten or More ................................... Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q
Number of Workers (main shift)
Fewer than 5 ................................. 29 26 Q 653 727 485 44.7 35.3 30.0
5 to 9 .............................................. 19 23 10 447 616 393 42.4 37.5 24.9
10 to 19 .......................................... 29 22 7 664 688 246 43.3 31.9 27.2
20 to 49 .......................................... 46 36 31 764 900 498 59.6 40.4 62.8
50 to 99 .......................................... 21 25 Q 572 1,067 Q 36.4 23.3 Q
100 to 249 ...................................... Q Q Q Q 993 Q Q 45.5 Q
250 or More ................................... Q 33 Q Q 1,335 Q Q 24.8 Q
Weekly Operating Hours
Fewer than 40 ............................... Q 8 Q Q 334 Q Q 23.3 Q
40 to 48 .......................................... 20 21 16 553 834 564 36.5 25.8 28.8
49 to 60 .......................................... 51 24 Q 919 1,203 323 55.7 19.8 Q
61 to 84 .......................................... 24 31 11 665 1,211 482 35.8 25.4 23.2
85 to 167 ........................................ Q 41 Q Q 1,010 Q Q 40.1 Q
Open Continuously ........................ 47 86 43 773 1,733 676 60.4 49.5 63.9
Ownership and Occupancy
Nongovernment Owned ................ 147 170 72 3,002 4,621 1,575 48.8 36.7 46.0
  Owner Occupied ......................... 84 77 23 1,728 2,243 771 48.5 34.5 30.4
  Nonowner Occupied ................... 63 92 49 1,253 2,368 799 50.0 38.9 61.2
  Unoccupied .................................. Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q
Government Owned ...................... 25 41 26 591 1,705 706 41.7 23.8 37.2
  Federal ......................................... Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q
  State ............................................ Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q
  Local ............................................ 20 28 11 479 973 310 41.2 28.6 35.6
Vacancy Status
Completely Vacant ......................... Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q
Mostly Vacant ................................ Q Q N Q Q N Q Q N
Partially Vacant .............................. 24 24 7 467 1,088 270 51.0 22.4 27.6
Not At All Vacant ........................... 142 186 91 3,023 5,212 2,006 47.0 35.6 45.4
Number of Establishments
One ................................................ 121 172 83 2,582 4,735 1,810 47.0 36.4 45.7
2 to 5 .............................................. 36 25 Q 721 1,018 Q 50.3 24.7 Q
6 to 10 ............................................ Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q
11 to 20 .......................................... Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q
More than 20 .................................. Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q
Currently Unoccupied .................... Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q
Predominant Exterior
Wall Material
Brick, Stone or Stucco ................... 72 112 51 1,541 3,205 1,336 46.8 35.1 37.9
Concrete (Block or Poured) ........... 48 Q Q 776 1,055 467 61.3 Q 69.5
Concrete Panels ............................ 19 Q Q 315 Q Q 59.1 20.3 Q
Siding or Shingles .......................... 14 Q Q 326 Q Q 44.0 Q Q
Metal Panels ................................... 17 22 Q 595 725 Q 29.1 30.7 Q
Window Glass ............................... Q Q N Q Q N Q Q N
Other .............................................. Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q
No One Major Type ........................ Q Q N Q Q N Q Q N
Predominant Roof Material
Built-Up .......................................... 55 80 47 1,081 2,076 635 51.4 38.5 74.6
Shingles (Not Wood) ...................... 30 35 15 714 1,009 458 42.6 34.5 33.7
Metal Surfacing .............................. 31 27 16 756 1,117 603 41.1 24.3 26.5
Synthetic or Rubber ....................... 42 57 16 779 1,792 483 53.7 31.7 33.6
Slate or Tile .................................... Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q
Wooden Materials .......................... Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q
Concrete ........................................ Q Q N Q Q N Q Q N
Other .............................................. N Q N N Q N N Q N
No One Major Type ........................ N Q N N Q N N Q N
Renovations in Buildings
Constructed Before 1980
(more than one may apply)
Any Type of Renovation
 Since 1980 .................................... 75 59 29 1,481 1,279 613 50.9 46.5 47.1
   Addition or Annex ....................... Q Q 14 577 Q 235 63.0 Q 61.6
   Reduction In Floorspace ............. Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q
   Cosmetic Improvements .............. 50 32 24 1,112 814 508 45.0 39.1 46.4
   Wall or Roof Replacement .......... 28 20 Q 717 557 Q 39.1 35.9 Q
   Interior Wall
    Re-Configuration ........................ 30 20 Q 717 665 Q 41.8 29.3 Q
   HVAC Equipment Upgrade .......... 54 Q 21 987 896 345 54.6 53.3 61.7
   Lighting Upgrade ......................... 40 18 21 828 608 362 48.0 28.8 59.3
   Window Replacement ................. 19 Q Q 461 Q Q 40.7 Q Q
   Plumbing System Upgrade .......... 25 16 Q 527 427 Q 47.3 37.6 Q
   Insulation Upgrade ...................... 18 Q Q 427 Q Q 41.1 Q Q
   Other Renovation ........................ N Q Q N Q Q N Q Q
No Renovations Since 1980 .......... 43 31 21 943 1,089 537 46.1 28.0 38.2
Building Newer than 1980 ............. 52 120 49 1,169 3,958 1,131 44.8 30.4 43.6
Energy Sources (more than
one may apply)
Electricity ....................................... 171 210 99 3,593 6,326 2,281 47.6 33.2 43.3
Natural Gas .................................... 171 210 99 3,593 6,326 2,281 47.6 33.2 43.3
Fuel Oil ........................................... 40 74 Q 629 1,696 Q 64.1 43.5 Q
District Heat ................................... Q Q Q Q 526 Q Q Q Q
District Chilled Water ...................... Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q
Propane ......................................... Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q
Other .............................................. Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q
Space-Heating Energy Sources
Natural Gas .................................... 167 183 94 3,422 4,852 2,110 48.8 37.7 44.4
  Natural Gas Main ......................... 154 166 85 3,091 4,175 1,817 49.7 39.7 46.8
  Natural Gas Secondary ............... Q 17 Q Q 677 Q Q 25.0 Q
Other Excluding Natural Gas ......... Q 27 Q Q 1,398 Q Q 19.2 Q
Buildings without Heating .............. Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q
Primary Space-Heating
Energy Source
Electricity ....................................... 14 37 10 390 1,463 331 35.6 25.3 29.0
Natural Gas .................................... 154 166 85 3,091 4,175 1,817 49.7 39.7 46.8
Fuel Oil ........................................... Q Q N Q Q N Q Q N
District Heat ................................... Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q
Propane ......................................... N Q N N Q N N Q N
Other .............................................. Q Q N Q Q N Q Q N
Cooling Energy Sources
Natural Gas .................................... Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q
Other Excluding Natural Gas ......... 155 195 97 3,269 6,147 2,245 47.5 31.8 43.2
Buildings without Cooling ............... Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q
Water-Heating Energy Sources
Natural Gas .................................... 123 157 81 2,382 3,649 1,456 51.7 43.0 55.5
Other Excluding Natural Gas ......... 41 48 15 952 2,425 715 43.5 19.6 21.6
Bldgs without Water Heating ......... Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q
Cooking Energy Sources
Natural Gas .................................... 60 131 47 913 2,741 786 65.4 47.6 59.8
Other Excluding Natural Gas ......... Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q
Buildings without Cooking .............. 104 70 48 2,496 3,208 1,320 41.8 21.9 36.1
Energy End Uses (more than
one may apply)
Buildings with Space Heating ........ 171 210 99 3,591 6,250 2,256 47.7 33.5 43.7
Buildings with Cooling .................... 163 207 98 3,368 6,258 2,254 48.4 33.1 43.3
Buildings with Water Heating ......... 165 204 96 3,334 6,074 2,171 49.4 33.6 44.3
Buildings with Cooking ................... 67 140 51 1,097 3,118 961 61.0 44.9 53.2
Buildings with Manufacturing ........ Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q
Buildings with Electricity
 Generation .................................... 39 73 24 591 1,672 301 66.2 43.5 80.1
Percent of Floorspace Heated
Not Heated ..................................... Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q
1 to 50 ............................................ Q 19 Q Q 525 Q Q 35.3 Q
51 to 99 .......................................... 14 26 10 292 1,201 224 49.0 21.9 42.4
100 ................................................. 154 165 82 3,109 4,525 1,774 49.6 36.4 46.2
Percent of Floorspace Cooled
Not Cooled ..................................... Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q
1 to 50 ............................................ 48 36 8 1,033 1,570 391 46.2 23.2 21.5
51 to 99 .......................................... 57 37 14 1,051 1,611 312 54.1 23.0 44.0
100 ................................................. 58 134 75 1,284 3,076 1,551 45.5 43.5 48.6
Heating Equipment (more
than one may apply)
Heat Pumps .................................... Q 66 17 Q 1,947 373 Q 33.8 45.1
  Packaged Heat Pumps ................. Q Q Q Q 1,057 Q Q Q Q
  Split-System Heat Pumps ............. Q 20 Q Q 737 Q Q 27.8 Q
  Individual Room Heat Pumps ........ Q 19 Q Q 736 Q Q 25.4 Q
Furnaces ....................................... 87 64 21 1,981 2,050 784 43.8 31.5 26.2
Individual Space Heaters ............... 56 31 12 1,072 1,195 399 51.9 25.5 29.8
District Heat ................................... Q Q Q Q 514 Q Q Q Q
Boilers ............................................ 78 93 58 1,454 1,795 767 53.9 51.8 75.6
Packaged Heating Units ................. 39 92 34 907 2,361 966 42.8 39.1 35.2
Other .............................................. Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q
Cooling Equipment (more
than one may apply)
Residential-Type Central
 Air Conditioners ............................ 65 31 15 1,142 1,001 407 57.3 31.2 36.6
Heat Pumps .................................... Q 68 16 Q 2,023 392 Q 33.4 42.0
  Packaged Heat Pumps ................. Q Q Q Q 1,045 Q Q Q Q
  Split-System Heat Pumps ............. Q 21 Q Q 755 Q Q 28.2 Q
  Individual Room Heat Pumps ........ Q 20 Q Q 776 Q Q 25.2 Q
Individual Air Conditioners ............. 38 45 17 809 1,232 484 47.4 36.6 35.0
District Chilled Water ...................... Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q
Central Chillers ............................... 38 54 29 635 1,495 453 59.1 35.9 64.2
Packaged Air Conditioning
 Units .............................................. 96 125 55 2,080 3,426 1,313 46.0 36.6 42.2
Swamp Coolers ............................. N Q Q N Q Q N Q Q
Other .............................................. Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q
Main Equipment Replaced Since
1990 (more than one may apply)
Heating ........................................... 66 57 33 1,320 1,344 545 49.8 42.4 Q
Cooling ........................................... 83 56 46 1,631 1,666 777 50.8 33.9 59.8
Water Heating Equipment
Centralized System ........................ 100 123 58 2,109 3,334 1,495 47.5 36.8 38.6
Distributed System ......................... 25 30 7 576 1,005 260 43.7 29.5 27.2
Combination of Centralized
 and Distributed System ................. 39 52 Q 649 1,735 416 60.6 29.9 75.4
Energy-Related Space Functions
(more than one may apply)
Commercial Food Preparation ........ 67 140 51 1,097 3,118 961 61.0 44.9 53.2
Activities with Large
 Amounts of Hot Water .................. 86 130 49 1,391 2,806 833 62.1 46.5 58.9
Separate Computer Area ............... 63 89 37 1,345 3,137 900 46.7 28.3 41.1
HVAC Conservation Features
(more than one may apply)
Variable Air-Volume System ......... 49 61 48 1,067 2,053 619 45.7 29.5 77.0
Economizer Cycle .......................... 60 74 37 1,258 2,413 608 47.9 30.8 61.0
HVAC Maintenance ....................... 127 187 83 2,776 5,494 1,767 45.8 34.0 46.7
Energy Management and
 Control System (EMCS) ................ 30 49 22 735 1,805 488 40.4 27.4 45.9
Equipment Usage Reduced
When Building Not In Full Use
(more than one may apply)a
Heating ........................................... 106 126 69 2,362 4,413 1,576 45.0 28.5 44.0
Cooling ........................................... 108 128 73 2,347 4,811 1,635 45.9 26.7 44.7
Lighting .......................................... 118 121 54 2,645 4,449 1,529 44.7 27.1 35.6
Office Equipment ........................... 58 41 11 1,323 1,369 421 44.1 29.8 26.7
Annual Consumption
(hundred cubic feet)
1,000 or Less ................................ 4 5 2 272 639 225 15.7 8.1 8.9
1,001 to 5,000 ................................ 27 32 18 860 1,484 815 31.6 21.6 22.4
5,001 to 10,000 .............................. 23 27 Q 538 1,123 Q 43.2 23.6 Q
10,001 to 25,000 ............................ 33 38 16 678 1,074 463 49.1 35.7 35.1
25,001 to 50,000 ............................ 28 29 Q 534 629 Q 52.7 46.7 Q
50,001 to 100,000 .......................... Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q
Over 100,000 ................................. Q 60 Q Q 766 Q Q 77.9 Q
Provider of Natural Gas
(more than one may apply)
Local Utility ..................................... 153 190 94 3,356 5,730 2,205 45.6 33.2 42.5
Some Other Provider ..................... 22 27 Q 307 Q Q 71.8 31.4 Q
See "Guide to the Tables" or "Glossary" for further explanations of the terms used in this table. Both can be accessed from the CBECS web site - http://www.eia.doe.gov/emeu/cbecs.
 * Figures in this table do not include enclosed malls and strip malls. Mall buildings add an estimated 213 thousand buildings comprising 6.9 billion square feet. In the 1999 CBECS, malls represented 3.8 percent of total natural gas consumption.
a The definition for one or more of these row items has changed and may not be directly comparable with past CBECS estimates. See "Guide to the Tables" for discussion of the differences.
Q=Data withheld because the Relative Standard Error (RSE) was greater than 50 percent, or fewer than 20 buildings were sampled.
N=No responding cases in sample that use natural gas.
Notes: ● Statistics for the "Energy End Uses" category represent total consumption in buildings that have the end use, not consumption specifically for that particular end use. ● HVAC = Heating, Ventilation, and Air Conditioning. ● Due to rounding, data may not sum to totals.
Source: Energy Information Administration, Office of Energy Markets and End Use, Forms EIA-871A, C, and E of the 2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey.