Released: Dec 2006
Next CBECS will be conducted in 2007
Table C16.  Electricity Expenditures by Census Region for Non-Mall Buildings, 2003
  Total Electricity Expenditures
(million dollars)		 Electricity Expenditures (dollars)
per kWh per Square Foot
North-
east		 Mid-
west		 South West North-
east		 Mid-
west		 South West North-
east		 Mid-
west		 South West
All Buildings* ............................... 14,262 14,172 25,540 15,057 0.10 0.07 0.07 0.10 1.11 0.85 1.12 1.37
Building Floorspace
(Square Feet)
1,001 to 5,000 ................................ 1,617 2,401 4,142 2,188 0.12 0.08 0.08 0.12 1.62 1.39 1.78 1.69
5,001 to 10,000 .............................. 1,202 1,212 2,721 2,160 0.12 0.08 0.08 0.12 1.11 0.84 1.11 1.78
10,001 to 25,000 ............................ 1,795 2,145 3,763 2,299 0.10 0.07 0.08 0.10 0.92 0.69 0.88 1.11
25,001 to 50,000 ............................ 1,168 2,042 2,864 1,797 0.10 0.07 0.07 0.10 0.90 0.82 0.95 1.12
50,001 to 100,000 .......................... 2,130 1,777 3,190 1,620 0.09 0.06 0.06 0.10 1.04 0.79 0.93 1.25
100,001 to 200,000 ........................ 2,286 1,963 3,810 1,440 0.09 0.06 0.06 0.08 1.08 0.86 1.11 1.22
200,001 to 500,000 ........................ 1,985 1,497 2,312 1,530 0.08 0.05 0.06 0.10 1.11 0.68 1.21 1.31
Over 500,000 ................................. 2,079 1,135 2,738 2,025 0.09 0.06 0.06 0.09 1.34 0.94 1.42 1.66
Principal Building Activity
Education ....................................... 1,273 1,388 3,940 1,510 0.10 0.07 0.07 0.09 0.76 0.55 0.99 0.91
Food Sales ..................................... Q 1,069 1,741 Q Q 0.07 0.07 Q Q 3.51 3.60 Q
Food Service ................................. Q 1,017 2,637 976 Q 0.08 0.07 0.12 Q 2.24 3.45 3.69
Health Care .................................... 871 1,057 1,822 1,131 0.08 0.06 0.06 0.09 1.63 1.32 1.43 2.04
  Inpatient ....................................... 631 606 1,387 574 0.08 0.05 0.05 0.08 1.76 1.38 1.65 2.12
  Outpatient .................................... Q 451 436 558 Q 0.07 0.08 0.10 Q 1.25 0.99 1.97
Lodging .......................................... 882 953 1,910 1,543 0.10 0.06 0.07 0.10 Q 0.83 1.13 1.42
Retail (Other Than Mall).................. 650 877 2,198 1,408 0.12 0.07 0.07 0.10 1.03 1.00 1.19 1.46
Office ............................................. 4,890 3,556 4,788 3,816 0.10 0.07 0.07 0.10 1.62 1.19 1.27 1.57
Public Assembly ............................ 628 731 1,370 Q 0.10 0.07 0.07 0.11 Q 0.72 1.17 Q
Public Order and Safety ................ Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q
Religious Worship .......................... 183 369 869 207 0.11 0.08 0.09 0.11 0.29 0.33 0.58 0.40
Service .......................................... 580 961 1,266 679 0.11 0.07 Q 0.09 0.79 0.76 0.95 1.03
Warehouse and Storage ............... 763 1,522 1,736 1,013 0.09 0.06 0.07 0.09 0.52 0.53 0.48 0.68
Other .............................................. 1,333 330 Q Q 0.09 0.06 Q Q 2.05 1.08 Q Q
Vacant ........................................... Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q
Year Constructed
Before 1920 ................................... 990 669 Q Q 0.09 0.08 0.08 Q 0.71 0.44 0.81 Q
1920 to 1945 .................................. 1,827 1,403 904 989 0.11 0.06 0.08 0.12 0.74 0.72 0.72 1.07
1946 to 1959 .................................. 1,747 1,195 1,601 1,186 0.10 0.07 0.07 0.10 0.84 0.60 0.92 1.18
1960 to 1969 .................................. 2,063 1,485 2,421 1,745 0.09 0.07 0.07 0.10 1.19 0.67 0.97 1.10
1970 to 1979 .................................. 2,479 2,982 4,270 2,906 0.10 0.06 0.07 0.09 1.44 0.92 1.22 1.40
1980 to 1989 .................................. 2,331 2,365 5,787 3,419 0.09 0.07 0.07 0.10 1.70 1.23 1.25 1.53
1990 to 1999 .................................. 1,819 2,890 6,962 3,565 0.09 0.06 0.07 0.10 1.34 1.10 1.14 1.80
2000 to 2003 .................................. 1,006 1,183 3,177 1,006 0.09 0.06 0.07 0.09 1.49 0.99 1.27 1.08
Climate Zone: 30-Year Average
Under 2,000 CDD and --
  More than 7,000 HDD ................... 2,516 4,189 N 2,429 0.11 0.07 N 0.07 1.06 0.76 N 0.96
  5,500-7,000 HDD ......................... 5,413 8,791 N 2,095 0.09 0.07 N 0.07 1.01 0.91 N 1.02
  4,000-5,499 HDD ......................... 6,333 1,191 4,868 Q 0.10 0.06 0.07 0.10 1.25 0.76 1.20 1.39
  Fewer than 4,000 HDD ................ N N 9,940 8,271 N N 0.06 0.13 N N 1.00 1.59
2,000 CDD or More and --
  Fewer than 4,000 HDD ................ N N 10,732 1,301 N N 0.07 0.09 N N 1.23 2.34
Number of Floors
One ................................................ 3,780 5,312 11,585 6,131 0.10 0.07 0.07 0.10 1.22 0.90 1.04 1.26
Two ............................................... 2,788 3,821 5,470 3,987 0.10 0.07 0.07 0.10 0.92 0.74 1.12 1.35
Three ............................................. 1,473 1,988 1,854 1,073 0.10 0.07 0.07 0.09 0.71 0.79 0.97 1.20
Four to Nine ................................... 3,813 2,364 4,214 2,126 0.09 0.06 0.06 0.10 1.27 0.90 1.36 1.60
Ten or More ................................... 2,408 687 2,416 1,740 0.09 0.06 0.06 0.09 1.47 1.24 1.38 1.74
Elevators and Escalators
(more than one may apply)
Any Elevators ................................ 7,917 6,121 10,195 5,994 0.09 0.06 0.06 0.09 1.29 0.93 1.28 1.56
Number of Elevators
  One .............................................. 1,752 2,372 2,487 1,101 0.10 0.06 0.07 0.09 1.12 0.79 1.01 1.03
  Two to Five .................................. 3,435 2,579 4,094 2,232 0.09 0.06 0.06 0.10 1.16 0.96 1.32 1.64
  Six or More .................................. 2,730 1,170 3,614 2,662 0.09 0.06 0.06 0.09 1.73 1.32 1.52 1.88
Any Escalators .............................. Q Q 1,732 Q Q Q 0.06 Q Q Q 1.73 Q
Number of Workers (main shift)
Fewer than 5 ................................. 1,405 2,523 3,610 1,966 0.12 0.07 0.09 0.11 0.62 0.55 0.73 0.88
5 to 9 .............................................. 1,088 1,441 2,633 1,228 0.12 0.08 0.08 0.10 1.00 0.98 1.02 1.20
10 to 19 .......................................... 1,436 1,664 3,022 1,525 0.11 0.07 0.08 0.11 0.77 0.80 1.10 1.38
20 to 49 .......................................... 2,216 2,576 4,556 2,619 0.10 0.07 0.07 0.10 0.96 0.90 1.17 1.37
50 to 99 .......................................... 1,868 1,991 2,930 1,742 0.09 0.06 0.06 0.09 1.17 0.86 1.10 1.27
100 to 249 ...................................... 2,013 1,729 3,595 2,431 0.09 0.06 0.06 0.10 1.51 1.07 1.42 1.74
250 or More ................................... 4,236 2,248 5,194 3,546 0.09 0.06 0.06 0.09 1.82 1.25 1.52 1.79
Weekly Operating Hours
Fewer than 40 ............................... 290 616 1,009 574 0.11 0.09 0.08 0.13 0.34 0.30 0.48 0.64
40 to 48 .......................................... 1,369 2,162 3,885 2,161 0.10 0.07 0.08 0.10 0.65 0.79 0.85 1.00
49 to 60 .......................................... 2,814 3,345 4,891 3,181 0.10 0.06 0.07 0.11 0.91 0.73 0.88 1.30
61 to 84 .......................................... 2,270 2,313 4,660 2,315 0.11 0.07 0.07 0.09 1.11 0.90 1.24 1.19
85 to 167 ........................................ 2,214 2,739 4,300 1,934 0.09 0.07 0.07 0.09 1.68 1.36 1.81 1.55
Open Continuously ........................ 5,304 2,997 6,794 4,892 0.09 0.06 0.06 0.09 1.57 1.10 1.53 2.10
Ownership and Occupancy
Nongovernment Owned ................ 12,035 10,805 19,030 12,251 0.10 0.07 0.07 0.10 1.17 0.89 1.11 1.45
  Owner Occupied ......................... 6,390 5,387 8,364 5,299 0.10 0.07 0.07 0.11 1.08 0.88 1.07 1.47
  Nonowner Occupied ................... 5,578 5,337 10,619 6,912 0.10 0.07 0.07 0.10 1.35 0.99 1.18 1.46
  Unoccupied .................................. Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q
Government Owned ...................... 2,227 3,366 6,510 2,806 0.09 0.06 0.06 0.09 0.88 0.73 1.16 1.09
  Federal ......................................... Q 876 843 228 Q 0.05 Q 0.09 Q 0.95 1.63 0.76
  State ............................................ 604 637 1,876 856 0.09 0.06 0.06 0.09 1.01 0.83 1.11 1.18
  Local ............................................ 1,411 1,853 3,791 1,722 0.10 0.07 0.07 0.08 0.83 0.64 1.11 1.12
Vacancy Status
Completely Vacant ......................... Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q
Mostly Vacant ................................ Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q
Partially Vacant .............................. 3,828 2,668 4,126 2,588 0.10 0.07 0.07 0.09 1.24 0.86 1.05 1.24
Not At All Vacant ........................... 10,293 11,371 21,359 12,389 0.10 0.07 0.07 0.10 1.12 0.89 1.15 1.41
Number of Establishments
One ................................................ 8,786 10,689 18,435 10,467 0.10 0.07 0.07 0.10 1.10 0.88 1.11 1.36
2 to 5 .............................................. 2,681 2,359 3,847 2,552 0.10 0.07 0.07 0.11 1.07 0.84 1.04 1.35
6 to 10 ............................................ 738 451 905 537 0.09 0.06 0.07 0.10 1.29 0.88 1.65 1.64
11 to 20 .......................................... Q Q 726 Q Q Q 0.06 Q Q Q 1.23 Q
More than 20 .................................. 1,315 Q 1,578 Q 0.11 Q 0.06 Q 1.89 Q 1.56 Q
Currently Unoccupied .................... Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q
Predominant Exterior
Wall Material
Brick, Stone or Stucco ................... 7,324 7,970 12,771 6,068 0.10 0.07 0.07 0.10 1.02 0.87 1.12 1.31
Concrete (Block or Poured) ........... 2,606 2,399 4,721 2,692 0.10 0.07 0.07 0.10 1.20 0.83 1.20 1.53
Concrete Panels ............................ 946 1,256 3,739 2,476 0.08 0.06 0.06 0.10 1.58 1.02 1.41 1.30
Siding or Shingles .......................... 828 772 1,035 1,372 0.11 0.08 0.08 0.11 0.70 0.73 1.00 1.97
Metal Panels ................................... 1,594 1,115 2,352 1,665 0.09 0.07 0.07 0.09 1.55 0.63 0.76 1.12
Window Glass ............................... Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q
Other .............................................. Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q
No One Major Type ........................ Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q
Predominant Roof Material
Built-Up .......................................... 4,819 4,676 8,720 5,955 0.10 0.07 0.07 0.10 1.20 0.91 1.21 1.36
Shingles (Not Wood) ...................... 2,118 2,334 3,417 2,395 0.09 0.07 0.07 0.12 1.06 0.75 1.04 1.61
Metal Surfacing .............................. 935 1,665 4,411 1,826 0.10 0.06 0.07 0.09 0.93 0.67 0.75 0.98
Synthetic or Rubber ....................... 5,439 4,259 6,280 2,656 0.09 0.07 0.06 0.08 1.32 0.96 1.47 1.42
Slate or Tile .................................... 432 234 1,108 1,042 0.11 0.08 0.07 0.13 0.90 0.78 1.07 1.68
Wooden Materials .......................... Q Q Q Q Q Q Q 0.10 Q Q Q 1.05
Concrete ........................................ Q Q Q Q Q Q 0.07 Q Q Q 1.43 Q
Other .............................................. Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q
No One Major Type ........................ Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q
Renovations in Buildings
Constructed Before 1980
(more than one may apply)
Any Type of Renovation
 Since 1980 .................................... 5,738 4,126 4,606 3,359 0.10 0.07 0.07 0.09 1.13 0.77 1.06 1.18
   Addition or Annex ....................... 1,715 1,728 2,008 1,051 0.10 0.06 0.07 0.07 0.95 0.88 1.11 1.07
   Reduction In Floorspace ............. Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q
   Cosmetic Improvements .............. 4,825 3,153 3,155 2,712 0.10 0.06 0.07 0.09 1.23 0.81 1.05 1.24
   Wall or Roof Replacement .......... 2,888 1,684 2,041 1,516 0.10 0.06 0.07 0.09 1.08 0.75 1.10 1.17
   Interior Wall
    Re-Configuration ........................ 2,713 2,284 1,999 2,038 0.10 0.06 0.06 0.09 1.10 0.88 1.03 1.35
   HVAC Equipment Upgrade .......... 4,033 2,721 2,815 2,253 0.10 0.06 0.06 0.08 1.33 0.82 1.09 1.23
   Lighting Upgrade ......................... 3,879 2,420 2,105 2,338 0.09 0.06 0.06 0.08 1.16 0.79 1.01 1.32
   Window Replacement ................. 2,893 1,348 927 999 0.11 0.06 0.07 0.08 1.05 0.76 1.01 1.19
   Plumbing System Upgrade .......... 2,738 1,493 1,368 1,761 0.10 0.06 0.06 0.09 1.09 0.79 1.00 1.29
   Insulation Upgrade ...................... 1,569 912 918 666 0.10 0.06 0.07 0.09 1.15 0.75 1.07 1.16
   Other Renovation ........................ Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q
No Renovations Since 1980 .......... 3,367 3,607 5,008 3,708 0.10 0.07 0.07 0.11 0.78 0.64 0.97 1.22
Building Newer than 1980 ............. 5,157 6,438 15,926 7,990 0.09 0.07 0.07 0.10 1.51 1.12 1.20 1.56
Energy Sources (more than
one may apply)
Electricity ....................................... 14,262 14,172 25,540 15,057 0.10 0.07 0.07 0.10 1.11 0.85 1.12 1.37
Natural Gas .................................... 10,870 11,456 15,835 10,424 0.09 0.07 0.07 0.10 1.18 0.87 1.19 1.33
Fuel Oil ........................................... 6,541 2,918 5,337 3,835 0.09 0.06 0.06 0.09 1.08 1.04 1.29 1.81
District Heat ................................... 2,131 1,400 2,141 847 0.10 0.05 0.06 0.09 1.56 0.85 1.21 1.27
District Chilled Water ...................... 825 726 1,311 805 0.08 0.06 0.06 0.08 1.33 1.22 1.14 1.65
Propane ......................................... 1,201 1,662 2,194 2,177 0.10 0.05 0.07 0.09 0.89 0.76 0.93 1.86
Other .............................................. Q 423 445 472 Q 0.06 0.06 0.08 Q 0.87 1.47 1.28
Space-Heating Energy Sources
Electricity ....................................... 6,290 5,821 15,827 6,927 0.10 0.07 0.07 0.09 1.43 0.94 1.21 1.41
  Electricity Main ............................. 2,071 3,002 11,093 4,361 0.10 0.07 0.07 0.10 1.65 1.18 1.22 1.40
  Electricity Secondary ................... 4,220 2,819 4,734 2,566 0.09 0.07 0.06 0.09 1.34 0.77 1.19 1.43
Other Excluding Electricity ............. 7,864 8,207 8,622 6,694 0.10 0.07 0.06 0.10 0.96 0.81 1.09 1.29
Buildings without Heating .............. Q 144 1,092 1,436 Q 0.08 0.08 0.13 Q 0.36 0.61 1.55
Primary Space-Heating
Energy Source
Electricity ....................................... 2,071 3,002 11,093 4,361 0.10 0.07 0.07 0.10 1.65 1.18 1.22 1.40
Natural Gas .................................... 8,025 9,099 10,595 7,635 0.09 0.07 0.07 0.10 1.25 0.80 1.14 1.29
Fuel Oil ........................................... 1,837 Q Q Q 0.11 Q Q Q 0.57 Q Q Q
District Heat ................................... 1,929 1,344 1,971 666 0.10 0.05 0.06 0.08 1.60 0.88 1.22 1.19
Propane ......................................... Q Q 471 Q Q 0.07 0.08 0.13 Q 0.71 0.70 Q
Other .............................................. Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q
Cooling Energy Sources
Electricity ....................................... 12,509 12,768 24,260 13,865 0.10 0.07 0.07 0.10 1.20 0.93 1.18 1.46
Other Excluding Electricity ............. 1,012 Q 1,001 Q 0.09 Q 0.06 Q 1.83 Q 1.08 Q
Buildings without Cooling ............... 741 Q 279 708 0.11 0.05 0.09 0.11 0.40 0.33 0.23 0.66
Water-Heating Energy Sources
Electricity ....................................... 5,313 5,702 13,738 5,545 0.09 0.07 0.07 0.09 1.04 0.88 1.16 1.38
Other Excluding Electricity ............. 8,482 7,608 10,368 8,770 0.10 0.07 0.07 0.10 1.27 0.90 1.29 1.50
Bldgs without Water Heating ......... 467 862 1,434 742 0.11 0.05 0.09 0.12 0.46 0.48 0.50 0.63
Cooking Energy Sources
Electricity ....................................... 3,487 3,802 7,476 3,080 0.09 0.06 0.07 0.08 1.40 1.00 1.53 1.55
Other Excluding Electricity ............. 2,788 2,111 4,282 2,751 0.09 0.07 0.06 0.11 Q 1.02 1.44 1.83
Buildings without Cooking .............. 7,987 8,259 13,783 9,226 0.10 0.07 0.07 0.10 1.02 0.76 0.93 1.22
Energy End Uses (more than
one may apply)
Buildings with Space Heating ........ 14,154 14,028 24,449 13,621 0.10 0.07 0.07 0.10 1.12 0.86 1.16 1.35
Buildings with Cooling .................... 13,521 13,424 25,261 14,349 0.10 0.07 0.07 0.10 1.23 0.93 1.17 1.44
Buildings with Water Heating ......... 13,795 13,310 24,106 14,315 0.10 0.07 0.07 0.10 1.17 0.89 1.21 1.45
Buildings with Cooking ................... 6,275 5,913 11,758 5,832 0.09 0.06 0.07 0.09 1.25 1.01 1.49 1.67
Buildings with Manufacturing ........ 1,166 673 468 810 0.09 0.06 0.06 0.08 1.15 0.84 0.73 1.18
Buildings with Electricity
 Generation .................................... 5,398 3,882 5,483 3,916 0.09 0.06 0.06 0.09 1.66 1.17 1.36 1.75
Percent of Floorspace Heated
Not Heated ..................................... Q 144 1,092 1,436 Q 0.08 0.08 0.13 Q 0.36 0.61 1.55
1 to 50 ............................................ 694 596 1,898 1,458 0.12 0.06 0.07 0.11 0.50 0.53 0.67 0.98
51 to 99 .......................................... 1,486 1,492 3,469 2,649 0.10 0.07 0.07 0.09 0.97 0.86 1.20 1.36
100 ................................................. 11,974 11,941 19,082 9,515 0.10 0.07 0.07 0.10 1.24 0.89 1.25 1.43
Percent of Floorspace Cooled
Not Cooled ..................................... 741 Q 279 708 0.11 0.05 0.09 0.11 0.40 0.33 0.23 0.66
1 to 50 ............................................ 2,897 2,623 2,819 2,561 0.10 0.07 0.07 0.10 0.68 0.55 0.57 0.96
51 to 99 .......................................... 4,663 3,749 5,029 3,476 0.10 0.06 0.07 0.09 1.50 1.00 1.29 1.42
100 ................................................. 5,961 7,052 17,413 8,313 0.09 0.07 0.07 0.10 1.66 1.18 1.37 1.71
Percent Lit When Open
Zero ............................................... Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q
1 to 50 ............................................ 1,262 1,342 2,026 1,312 0.11 0.08 0.08 0.11 0.46 0.49 0.64 0.87
51 to 99 .......................................... 4,757 4,383 7,016 4,737 0.10 0.07 0.07 0.10 1.32 0.83 1.14 1.45
100 ................................................. 8,146 8,308 16,362 8,947 0.09 0.06 0.07 0.09 1.35 1.07 1.27 1.47
Building Never Open/
 Electricity Not Used ....................... Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q
Percent Lit When Closed
Zero ............................................... 2,124 3,236 4,759 2,986 0.11 0.07 0.08 0.10 0.76 0.63 0.76 0.96
1 to 50 ............................................ 6,272 7,204 12,443 6,877 0.10 0.07 0.07 0.10 1.00 0.87 1.13 1.29
51 to 100 ........................................ Q 735 1,544 Q Q 0.06 0.06 Q Q 1.47 1.52 Q
Building Never Closed/
 Electricity Not Used ....................... 5,304 2,997 6,794 4,892 0.09 0.06 0.06 0.09 1.57 1.10 1.53 2.10
Heating Equipment (more
than one may apply)
Heat Pumps .................................... 2,297 967 5,781 2,585 0.09 0.06 0.07 0.10 1.89 0.91 1.17 1.62
  Packaged Heat Pumps ................. 1,538 698 3,932 1,761 0.09 0.06 0.07 0.09 2.07 0.94 1.34 1.71
  Split-System Heat Pumps ............. Q Q 1,893 676 Q Q 0.07 0.11 Q Q 1.02 1.84
  Individual Room Heat Pumps ........ Q Q 1,288 586 Q Q 0.07 0.09 Q Q 1.03 1.09
Furnaces ....................................... 3,399 5,811 5,220 3,456 0.10 0.07 0.07 0.09 0.95 0.81 0.91 1.12
Individual Space Heaters ............... 3,394 3,244 3,804 1,944 0.10 0.07 0.07 0.08 1.22 0.78 1.06 0.98
District Heat ................................... 1,953 1,368 2,033 696 0.10 0.05 0.06 0.08 1.57 0.84 1.21 1.13
Boilers ............................................ 6,441 4,822 5,657 5,124 0.09 0.06 0.06 0.09 1.03 0.79 1.29 1.40
Packaged Heating Units ................. 4,895 3,893 10,498 5,032 0.10 0.06 0.07 0.11 1.68 1.06 1.29 1.52
Other .............................................. Q 846 1,372 530 Q 0.06 0.07 0.07 Q 1.05 1.00 1.10
Cooling Equipment (more
than one may apply)
Residential-Type Central
 Air Conditioners ............................ 2,372 3,158 3,733 1,484 0.11 0.07 0.07 0.10 0.99 0.87 0.97 1.26
Heat Pumps .................................... 2,357 948 5,922 2,833 0.09 0.06 0.07 0.09 1.86 0.89 1.20 1.59
  Packaged Heat Pumps ................. 1,585 707 3,904 1,713 0.09 0.06 0.07 0.09 2.01 0.93 1.37 1.66
  Split-System Heat Pumps ............. Q Q 1,946 709 Q Q 0.07 0.10 Q Q 1.04 1.76
  Individual Room Heat Pumps ........ Q Q 1,404 890 Q Q 0.06 0.08 Q Q 1.09 1.21
Individual Air Conditioners ............. 3,052 2,295 3,551 2,370 0.10 0.07 0.07 0.10 0.83 0.66 0.98 1.36
District Chilled Water ...................... 825 726 1,311 805 0.08 0.06 0.06 0.08 1.33 1.22 1.14 1.65
Central Chillers ............................... 3,297 3,104 6,855 3,810 0.09 0.06 0.06 0.09 1.78 1.09 1.41 1.83
Packaged Air Conditioning
 Units .............................................. 7,826 7,997 12,354 8,080 0.09 0.07 0.07 0.10 1.30 0.99 1.19 1.47
Swamp Coolers ............................. Q Q Q 1,583 Q Q Q 0.09 Q 0.72 Q 1.18
Other .............................................. Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q
Main Equipment Replaced Since
1990 (more than one may apply)
Heating ........................................... 4,204 4,210 4,857 3,355 0.10 0.07 0.07 0.09 1.06 0.84 1.01 1.30
Cooling ........................................... 6,456 5,032 6,808 4,440 0.10 0.07 0.07 0.09 1.18 0.87 1.06 1.32
Water Heating Equipment
Centralized System ........................ 9,178 9,057 14,452 8,184 0.10 0.07 0.07 0.10 1.18 0.93 1.25 1.45
Distributed System ......................... 2,171 1,913 4,624 2,545 0.10 0.07 0.07 0.11 0.93 0.72 1.01 1.29
Combination of Centralized
 and Distributed System ................. 2,446 2,340 5,030 3,586 0.09 0.06 0.06 0.09 1.44 0.92 1.32 1.61
Lighting Equipment Types
(more than one may apply)
Incandescent ................................. 9,289 9,679 16,344 9,110 0.10 0.07 0.07 0.09 1.15 0.88 1.25 1.42
Standard Fluorescent .................... 13,843 13,759 24,616 14,647 0.10 0.07 0.07 0.10 1.14 0.88 1.16 1.38
Compact Fluorescent ..................... 8,449 6,975 12,475 8,685 0.09 0.06 0.06 0.10 1.39 1.02 1.40 1.50
High Intensity Discharge ................ 5,868 5,483 7,765 4,534 0.09 0.06 0.06 0.09 1.34 0.83 1.25 1.33
Halogen .......................................... 5,246 4,700 8,179 4,887 0.09 0.06 0.06 0.09 1.46 1.01 1.32 1.50
Other .............................................. Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q
Refrigeration Equipment
(more than one may apply)a
Any Refrigeration........................... 13,006 12,700 23,481 13,170 0.10 0.07 0.07 0.10 1.20 0.90 1.23 1.47
  Commercial Refrigeration ............. 8,341 7,605 15,318 7,318 0.09 0.06 0.06 0.09 1.40 1.07 1.59 1.80
    Walk-In Units .............................. 6,819 5,922 12,980 6,049 0.09 0.06 0.06 0.09 1.53 1.14 1.74 1.93
    Cases or Cabinets ..................... 6,839 5,717 12,538 6,241 0.09 0.06 0.07 0.09 1.52 1.15 1.64 1.90
  Residential-Type Units ................. 8,440 8,767 14,274 8,455 0.10 0.07 0.07 0.10 1.02 0.81 1.08 1.27
  Vending Machines ....................... 8,631 8,400 16,462 8,550 0.09 0.06 0.06 0.09 1.32 0.89 1.22 1.46
No Refrigeration ............................. 1,256 1,472 2,059 1,887 0.12 0.06 0.08 0.11 0.64 0.56 0.56 0.91
Office Equipment (more
than one may apply)
Computers ..................................... 13,446 12,982 23,341 14,242 0.10 0.07 0.07 0.10 1.17 0.90 1.18 1.43
  With Flat Screen Monitors ............ 8,588 6,381 12,181 7,835 0.09 0.06 0.06 0.10 1.43 1.01 1.33 1.59
Dedicated Servers ......................... 10,454 9,056 15,375 10,055 0.09 0.06 0.06 0.10 1.28 0.98 1.22 1.60
Laser Printers ................................ 7,450 7,000 12,900 8,681 0.10 0.07 0.07 0.10 1.05 0.83 1.12 1.47
Inkjet Printers ................................. 8,773 8,028 14,537 8,582 0.09 0.06 0.06 0.10 1.37 0.97 1.27 1.43
FAX Machines ............................... 13,137 12,080 22,367 13,345 0.10 0.07 0.07 0.10 1.18 0.91 1.19 1.46
Photocopiers .................................. 11,694 10,371 18,560 11,784 0.09 0.06 0.07 0.10 1.18 0.87 1.14 1.44
Number of Computers
None .............................................. 816 1,190 2,200 815 0.12 0.07 0.08 0.11 0.63 0.52 0.72 0.78
1 to 4 .............................................. 1,926 3,029 5,576 2,386 0.12 0.07 0.08 0.11 0.93 0.81 1.26 1.11
5 to 9 .............................................. 1,115 1,625 2,294 1,572 0.11 0.07 0.08 0.09 0.70 0.84 0.90 1.43
10 to 19 .......................................... 1,300 1,562 2,186 1,693 0.10 0.07 0.07 0.11 0.98 0.92 0.91 1.42
20 to 49 .......................................... 1,861 1,666 3,105 2,690 0.09 0.07 0.06 0.11 1.24 0.86 1.28 1.73
50 to 99 .......................................... 1,024 975 2,288 1,376 0.10 0.06 0.06 0.10 Q 0.93 1.09 1.29
100 to 249 ...................................... 1,640 1,573 2,752 1,710 0.09 0.06 0.06 0.09 1.30 0.85 1.22 1.30
250 or More ................................... 4,580 2,551 5,140 2,814 0.09 0.06 0.06 0.09 1.77 1.15 1.44 1.76
Number of Dedicated Servers
None .............................................. 3,808 5,116 10,165 5,002 0.11 0.07 0.08 0.10 0.82 0.69 1.00 1.06
1 to 4 .............................................. 5,303 5,860 9,075 5,836 0.09 0.07 0.07 0.10 1.01 0.89 1.11 1.43
5 to 9 .............................................. 1,268 1,021 1,915 1,404 0.09 0.06 0.06 0.12 1.39 1.06 1.46 2.09
10 to 19 .......................................... 991 883 1,708 875 0.09 0.06 0.06 0.10 1.72 1.14 1.52 1.59
20 to 49 .......................................... Q 521 1,799 679 Q 0.06 0.06 0.09 Q 1.56 1.42 1.38
50 or More ..................................... 2,207 771 879 Q 0.10 0.06 0.06 Q 2.42 1.26 1.19 Q
Number of Photocopiers
None .............................................. 2,568 3,800 6,980 3,273 0.12 0.07 0.08 0.10 0.88 0.78 1.08 1.15
One ................................................ 2,624 3,209 5,066 3,199 0.09 0.07 0.07 0.10 0.87 0.76 0.93 1.16
2 to 4 .............................................. 2,852 3,318 5,946 3,440 0.10 0.06 0.06 0.10 0.97 0.82 1.08 1.33
5 to 9 .............................................. 2,016 1,244 2,332 1,546 0.09 0.06 0.06 0.11 1.33 0.89 1.31 1.90
10 or More ..................................... 4,201 2,601 5,217 3,599 0.09 0.06 0.06 0.09 1.75 1.18 1.47 1.77
Energy-Related Space Functions
(more than one may apply)
Commercial Food Preparation ........ 6,275 5,913 11,757 5,826 0.09 0.06 0.07 0.09 1.25 1.01 1.49 1.68
Activities with Large
 Amounts of Hot Water .................. 4,965 4,982 9,268 5,495 0.09 0.06 0.06 0.09 1.27 0.95 1.34 1.60
Separate Computer Area ............... 8,286 6,100 11,405 7,516 0.09 0.06 0.06 0.09 1.40 0.94 1.21 1.48
HVAC Conservation Features
(more than one may apply)
Variable Air-Volume System ......... 6,051 5,320 9,769 5,587 0.09 0.06 0.06 0.09 1.60 1.06 1.33 1.61
Economizer Cycle .......................... 7,496 6,479 9,250 6,438 0.09 0.06 0.06 0.09 1.81 1.10 1.39 1.45
HVAC Maintenance ....................... 13,086 11,958 21,800 13,577 0.10 0.06 0.07 0.10 1.18 0.91 1.24 1.45
Energy Management and
 Control System (EMCS) ................ 4,893 3,545 7,501 4,512 0.09 0.06 0.06 0.09 1.63 0.93 1.29 1.49
Window and Interior Lighting
Features (more than one
may apply)
Multipaned Windows ..................... 10,709 11,096 14,728 7,250 0.10 0.07 0.06 0.09 1.15 0.95 1.20 1.31
Tinted Window Glass .................... 7,034 6,946 14,565 8,621 0.09 0.06 0.07 0.10 1.42 0.96 1.23 1.54
Reflective Window Glass .............. 2,767 2,275 4,234 2,026 0.10 0.06 0.06 0.09 1.67 1.05 1.41 1.20
External Overhangs
 or Awnings ................................... 3,544 4,181 8,637 5,436 0.10 0.06 0.07 0.10 1.33 0.99 1.28 1.53
Skylights or Atriums ....................... 3,178 2,872 4,362 3,595 0.09 0.06 0.06 0.09 1.10 0.88 1.11 1.47
Daylighting Sensors ....................... Q 845 936 2,487 Q 0.06 0.06 0.10 Q 1.04 1.39 2.61
Specular Reflectors ....................... 7,792 7,099 10,254 6,947 0.09 0.06 0.06 0.10 1.34 0.92 1.30 1.48
Electronic Ballasts ......................... 11,540 11,566 19,990 12,741 0.09 0.06 0.07 0.10 1.24 0.92 1.21 1.49
Energy Management and
 Control System (EMCS)
 For Lighting ................................... 1,685 1,342 1,948 1,947 0.09 0.06 0.06 0.09 1.99 1.04 1.32 1.67
Equipment Usage Reduced
When Building Not In Full Use
(more than one may apply)a
Heating ........................................... 10,079 8,581 15,958 10,481 0.10 0.07 0.07 0.10 1.06 0.79 1.09 1.37
Cooling ........................................... 10,034 8,738 17,611 11,169 0.10 0.07 0.07 0.10 1.14 0.84 1.09 1.43
Lighting .......................................... 8,314 10,806 17,810 9,881 0.10 0.07 0.07 0.10 0.95 0.84 1.04 1.19
Office Equipment ........................... 3,575 3,837 6,296 3,759 0.10 0.07 0.08 0.10 0.84 0.71 0.98 1.14
Annual Consumption
(kilowatthours)
10,000 or Less .............................. 111 109 144 113 0.14 0.11 0.12 0.14 0.15 0.12 0.20 0.25
10,001 to 50,000 ............................ 873 1,108 1,621 1,066 0.14 0.09 0.10 0.12 0.49 0.49 0.48 0.60
50,001 to 100,000 .......................... 1,130 885 1,867 1,173 0.12 0.08 0.09 0.12 0.73 0.60 0.76 1.17
100,001 to 500,000 ........................ 2,936 4,502 6,472 4,143 0.11 0.08 0.08 0.10 1.01 0.94 1.20 1.38
500,001 to 1,000,000 ..................... 1,301 1,397 3,448 1,589 0.10 0.07 0.07 0.11 1.01 0.78 1.24 1.79
1,000,001 to 5,000,000 .................. 3,983 3,922 6,703 3,928 0.09 0.06 0.06 0.09 1.55 1.12 1.43 1.61
Over 5,000,000 .............................. 3,928 2,248 5,286 3,046 0.08 0.05 0.06 0.09 2.02 1.17 1.58 2.05
Provider of Purchased
Electricity (more than
one may apply)
Local Utility ..................................... 11,785 12,978 22,643 14,070 0.10 0.07 0.07 0.10 1.06 0.83 1.10 1.34
Some Other Provider ..................... 2,841 1,086 2,412 Q 0.09 0.07 0.07 Q 1.63 1.04 1.35 Q
See "Guide to the Tables" or "Glossary" for further explanations of the terms used in this table. Both can be accessed from the CBECS web site - http://www.eia.doe.gov/emeu/cbecs.
 * Figures in this table do not include enclosed malls and strip malls. Mall buildings add an estimated 213 thousand buildings comprising 6.9 billion square feet. In the 1999 CBECS, malls represented 9.7 percent of total electricity consumption.
a The definition for one or more of these row items has changed and may not be directly comparable with past CBECS estimates. See "Guide to the Tables" for discussion of the differences.
Q=Data withheld because the Relative Standard Error (RSE) was greater than 50 percent, or fewer than 20 buildings were sampled.
N=No responding cases in sample that use electricity.
Notes: ● Statistics for the "Energy End Uses" category represent total consumption in buildings that have the end use, not consumption specifically for that particular end use. ● HVAC = Heating, Ventilation, and Air Conditioning. ● Due to rounding, data may not sum to totals.
Source: Energy Information Administration, Office of Energy Markets and End Use, Forms EIA-871A, C, and E of the 2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey.