Library of Congress >> MARC >> Bibliographic >> Heading Fields >> X00

X00 - Personal Names-General Information


MARC 21 Bibliographic
October 2008

"Full" documentation refers to the MARC 21 Format for Bibliographic Data that contains detailed descriptions of every data element, along with examples, input conventions and history sections.
"Concise" documentation refers to the MARC 21 Concise Format for Bibliographic Data that contains abridged descriptions of every data element, along with examples.
100 - Main Entry - Personal Name (NR) Full | Concise
600 - Subject Added Entry - Personal Name (R) Full | Concise
700 - Added Entry - Personal Name (R) Full | Concise
800 - Series Added Entry - Personal Name (R) Full | Concise

First Indicator
Type of personal name entry element
0 - Forename
1 - Surname
3 - Family name

Second Indicator
100 - Undefined
# - Undefined

600 - Thesaurus
0 - Library of Congress Subject Headings
1 - LC subject headings for children's literature
2 - Medical Subject Headings
3 - National Agricultural Library subject authority file
4 - Source not specified
5 - Canadian Subject Headings
6 - Répertoire de vedettes-matière
7 - Source specified in subfield $2

700 - Type of added entry
# - No information provided
2 - Analytical entry

800 - Undefined
# - Undefined

Subfield Codes
Name portion
$a - Personal name (NR)
$b - Numeration (NR)
$c - Titles and words associated with a name (R)
$d - Dates associated with a name (NR)
$e - Relator term (R)
$j - Attribution qualifier (R)
$q - Fuller form of name (NR)
$u - Affiliation (NR)
$4 - Relator code (R)

Title portion
$f - Date of a work (NR)
$h - Medium (NR) [600/700/800]
$k - Form subheading (R)
$l - Language of a work (NR)
$m - Medium of performance for music (R) [600/700/800]
$n - Number of part/section of a work (R)
$o - Arranged statement for music (NR) [600/700/800]
$p - Name of part/section of a work (R)
$r - Key for music (NR) [600/700/800]
$s - Version (NR) [600/700/800]
$t - Title of a work (NR)
$v - Volume/sequential designation (NR) [800]
$x - International Standard Serial Number (NR) [700/800]
Name and title portions
$g - Miscellaneous information (NR)

Subject subdivision portion
$v - Form subdivision (R) [600]
$x - General subdivision (R) [600]
$y - Chronological subdivision (R) [600]
$z - Geographic subdivision (R) [600]

Control subfields
$w - Bibliographic record control number (R) [800]
$0 - Authority record control number (R)

$2 - Source of heading or term (NR) [600]
$3 - Materials specified (NR) [600/700/800]
$5 - Institution to which field applies (NR) [700]
$6 - Linkage (NR)
$8 - Field link and sequence number (R)

GUIDELINES FOR APPLYING CONTENT DESIGNATORS

Content designators identify the subelements occurring in personal name fields constructed according to generally accepted cataloging and thesaurus-building rules (e.g., Anglo-American Cataloguing Rules (AACR 2), Library of Congress Subject Headings (LCSH)). Personal names used in phrase subject headings (e.g., John, the Baptist, Saint, in the Koran) are contained in field 650 (Subject Added Entry-Topical Term).

Guidelines for applying all content designators except the second indicator position are given in this section. A field-specific list of content designators and guidelines for applying the second indicator position are provided under the description for each specific X00 field.

INDICATORS

First Indicator - Type of personal name entry element
Value that identifies the form of the entry element of the field. The values distinguish among forenames, surnames, and family names used as the entry element.
0 - Forename
Heading begins with a forename or is a name consisting of words, phrases, initials, separate letters, or numerals that are formatted in direct order. Names consisting of phrases that do not lend themselves to inversion and treatment as if a surname were involved are treated as forename headings.
100 0#$aJohn,$cthe Baptist, Saint.
700 0#$aFather Divine.
100 0#$a"BB",$d1905-
100 0#$a110908.
100 0#$aA. de O.
100 0#$aDr. X.
100 0#$aAuthor of The diary of a physician,$d1807-1877.
[Phrase name is formatted in direct order.]
700 0#$aR. M. B.
[Initials representing name are in direct order.]
600 00$aNorodom Sihanouk,$cPrince,$d1922-
100 0#$aClaude,$cd'Abbeville, père,$dd. 1632.
100 0#$aHoward.
[Uncertain whether name is a forename or surname]
100 0#$aFarmer, (and once a grand juror) of Grange County.
[Phrase name in direct order]
1 - Surname
Heading is a surname formatted in inverted order (surname, forename) or a name without forename(s) which is known to be a surname. If there is uncertainty that a name without forename(s) is a surname, the first indicator position contains value 0. Phrases, when formulated with inversion and an entry element similar to a surname are treated as a surname.
100 1#$aFitzgerald, David.
100 1#$aChiang, Kai-shek,$d1887-1975.
100 1#$aWatson,$cRev.
600 10$aSmith,$dfl. 1813.
[Name without forename known to be a surname]
100 1#$aQ., Mike.
100 1#$aBlackbeard, Author of,$d1777-1852.
[Phrase name in inverted order]
100 1#$aLe Conte, John Eatton,$d1784-1860.
100 1#$aEl-Abiad, Ahmed H.,$d1926-
100 1#$aBen Omar, Saidali Bacar,$d1931-
700 1#$aVérez Peraza, Elena,$d1919-
100 1#$aSaint-Germain, Herve de.
100 1#$aP-Orridge, Genesis,$d1950-
700 1#$aSalamín C., Marcel A.
100 1#$aEl Saffar, Ruth S.,$d1941-
100 1#$aLover's opera, Author of The,$d1766-
3 - Family name
Heading is the name of a family, clan, dynasty, house, or other such group. The name may be constructed in direct or inverted order.
600 30$aPremyslid dynasty.
600 30$aNorfolk, Dukes of.
Second Indicator
Second indicator position is unique to the function of the personal name field. It is described under the following fields: 100 (Main Entry-Personal Name); 600 (Subject Added Entry-Personal Name); 700 (Added Entry-Personal Name); and 800 (Series Added Entry-Personal Name).

SUBFIELD CODES

$a - Personal name
Name may be a surname and/or forename; letters, initials, abbreviations, phrases, or numbers used in place of a name; or a family name. A parenthetical qualifying term associated with the name is contained in subfield $c, and a fuller form of name added as a qualifier is contained in subfield $q.
100 1#$aWilliams, Martha E.
100 0#$aMarcelle,$cTante, pseud.
600 30$aMorton family.
700 1#$aIbn al-Mu`tazz, `Abd Allah,$d861-908.
700 0#$aSpagna$c(Artist),$dca. 1450-1528.
$b - Numeration
Roman numeral or a roman numeral and a subsequent part of a forename. It is used only in a forename heading (first indicator, value 0).
100 0#$aJohn Paul$bII,$cPope,$d1920-
100 0#$aJohn$bII Comnenus,$cEmperor of the East,$d1088-1143.
$c - Titles and words associated with a name
Includes qualifying information such as:
Fuller forms of names given in parentheses are given in subfield $q.
100 1#$aRussell, John,$cmap maker.
100 1#$aSeuss,$cDr.
700 1#$aQueen, Ellery.
600 00$aMoses$c(Biblical leader)
100 1#$aMasséna, André,$cprince d'Essling,$d1758-1817.
700 0#$aVivekananda,$cSwami,$d1863-1902.
700 1#$aEvans, Montgomery,$cII.
100 1#$aAppleton, Victor,$cII.
100 1#$aByron, George Gordon Byron,$cBaron,$d1788-1824.
100 1#$aBeethoven, Ludwig van,$d1770-1827$c(Spirit)
100 1#$aMunro, Jean,$cPh. D.
600 10$aDrake, Francis,$cSir,$d1540?-1596.
100 1#$aChurchill, Winston,$cSir,$d1874-1965.
100 1#$aWard, Humphrey,$cMrs.,$d1851-1920.
If the heading is a surname followed directly by a prefix without intervening forenames or forename initials, the prefix is contained in subfield $c to prevent its being processed as a forename in searching and sorting.
100 1#$aWalle-Lissnijder,$cvan de.
Multiple adjacent titles or words associated with a name are contained in a single subfield $c. Subfield $c is repeated only when words associated with a name are separated by subelements contained in other subfields.
700 0#$aCharles Edward,$cPrince, grandson of James II, King of England,$d1720-1788.
100 0#$aThomas,$cAquinas, Saint,$d1225?-1274.
100 0#$aBlack Foot,$cChief,$dd. 1877$c(Spirit)
[Subfield $c is repeated due to intervening subelements.]
$d - Dates associated with a name
Dates of birth, death, or flourishing or any other date used with a name. A qualifier used with the date (e.g., b., d., ca., fl., ?, cent.) is also contained in subfield $d.
100 1#$aRodgers, Martha Lucile,$d1947-
100 1#$aLuckombe, Philip,$dd. 1803.
100 1#$aMalalas, John,$dca. 491-ca. 578.
100 1#$aLevi, James,$dfl. 1706-1739.
100 1#$aJoannes Aegidius, Zamorensis,$d1240 or 41-ca. 1316.
100 0#$aJoannes,$cActuarius,$d13th/14th cent.
100 0#$aPiri Reis,$dd. 1554?
800 1#$aDangerfield, Rodney,$d1921-
100 1#$aSmith, John,$d1882 Aug. 5-
$e - Relator term
Designation of function that describes the relationship between a name and a work, e.g., ed., comp., ill., tr., collector, joint author.
700 1#$aSmith, Elsie,$d1900-1945,$eillustrator.
700 1#$aHecht, Ben,$d1893-1964,$ewriting,$edirection,$eproduction.
Relator codes, which also specify the relationship of a person to a work, are contained in subfield $4.
$f - Date of a work
Date of publication used with a title of a work in a name/title heading.
700 12$aFreud, Sigmund,$d1856-1939.$tSelections.$f1978.
700 12$aHills, John,$csurveyor.$tSketch of Allens Town, June 1778.$f1976.
Dates added parenthetically to a title to distinguish between identical titles entered under the same name are not separately subfield coded. Exception: For music, see subfield $n.
$g - Miscellaneous information
Data element that is not more appropriately contained in another defined subfield. This subfield is defined for consistency in the heading fields. Subfield $g is unlikely to be used in an X00 field.
$h - Medium [600/700/800]
Media qualifier used with a title of a work in a name/title field.
$j - Attribution qualifier
Attribution information for names when the responsibility is unknown, uncertain, fictitious, or pseudonymous. Qualifiers should be used that follow the name of a known artist for the work.
100 0#$aE.S.,$cMeister,$d15th cent.,$jFollower of
100 1#$aReynolds, Joshua,$cSir,$d1723-1792,$jPupil of
$k - Form subheading
Form subheading that occurs in the title portion of an X00 field. Form subheadings used with personal names include Selections.
700 12$aRibeiro, Tomás,$d1831-1901.$tPoems.$kSelections.$f1984.
700 12$aMelville, Herman,$d1819-1891.$tSelections.$f1981.
[The word Selections is used as a uniform title and is contained in subfield $t.]
700 1#$aBizet, Georges,$d1869-1951.$tCarmen.$kSelections.$f1983.
$l - Language of a work
Name of a language(s) (or a term representing the language, e.g., Polyglot) of a work in a name/title field.
700 12$aShakespeare, William,$d1564-1616.$tSelections.$lGerman.$f1982.
700 1#$aJacobs, Una.$tSonnen-Uhr.$lEnglish.
700 1#$aBrezina, Otokar,$d1868-1929.$tPoems.$lPolyglot.
$m - Medium of performance for music [600/700/800]
Term(s) designating the medium of performance used in a uniform title for a work in a name/title field.
700 1#$aBeethoven, Ludwig van,$d1770-1827.$tSonatas,$mpiano.$kSelections.
700 12$aDebussy, Claude,$d1862-1918.$tSonatas,$mflute, viola, harp.$f1986.
700 1#$aRies, Ferdinand,$d1784-1838.$tOctets,$mpiano, winds, strings,$nop. 128,$rA& major.
Multiple adjacent elements in a single medium statement are contained in a single subfield $m. Subfield $m is repeated only when medium of performance statements are separated by subelements contained in other subfields.
700 1#$aArne, Thomas Augustine,$d1710-1778.$tConcertos,$mkeyboard instrument, orchestra.$nNo. 3.$pCon Spirito,$mkeyboard instrument.
[Subfield $m is repeated due to intervening subelements.]
If the uniform title includes as part of the medium the abbreviation “acc.” or “unacc.,” the abbreviation is recorded in subfield $m. The abbreviation “unacc.” is recorded in subfield $t when it is not an addition to a statement of medium. When a phrase such as “pianos (2),” “4 hands,” etc., follows a collective uniform title for a specific medium of performance, it is included in subfield $t.
$n - Number of part/section of a work
Number designation for a part/section of a work used with a title in a name/title field.
In music uniform titles, the serial, opus, or thematic index number, or a date used to distinguish one work from another, is contained in subfield $n.
Multiple alternative numberings (often separated by a comma) are contained in a single subfield $n. Multiple numberings that are hierarchical (often separated by a period) are contained in separate occurrences of subfield $n.
700 0#$aHomer.$tIliad.$nBook 16-19.$lEnglish.
700 12$aLucretius Carus, Titus.$tDe rerum natura.$nLiber 4.$f1987.
700 1#$aTolkien, J. R. R.$q(John Roland Reuel),$d1892-1973.$tLord of the rings.$n2,$pTwo towers.
[Part/section is both numbered and named.]
700 12$aMendelssohn-Bartholdy, Felix,$d1809-1847.$tQuartets,$mpiano, strings,$nno.2, op. 2,$rF minor.$f1972.
700 12$aSchubert, Franz,$d1797-1828.$tImpromptus,$mpiano,$nD. 935.$nNo. 2.$f1985.
$o - Arranged statement for music [600/700/800]
Abbreviation arr. used in a uniform title for a work in a name/title field.
700 12$aSchubert, Franz,$d1797-1828.$tSongs.$kSelections;$oarr.$f1985.
700 12$aMozart, Wolfgang Amadeus,$d1756-1791.$tZauberflöte.$kSelections;$oarr.$f1985.
$p - Name of part/section of a work
Name designation of a part/section of a work in a name/title field.
700 12$aHindemith, Paul,$d1895-1963.$tNobilissima visione.$pMeditation;$oarr.$f1977.
700 12$aPraetorius, Hieronymus,$d1560-1629.$tOpus musicum.$pCantiones sacrae.$pO vos omnes.$f1974.
700 12$aDebussy, Claude,$d1862-1918.$tPreludes,$mpiano,$nbook 1.$pCollines d'Anacapri.$f1980.
$q - Fuller form of name
More complete form of part of the name that is in subfield $a.
100 0#$aH. D.$q(Hilda Doolittle),$d1886-1961.
100 1#$aGresham, G. A.$q(Geoffrey Austin)
100 1#$aSmith, Elizabeth$q(Ann Elizabeth)
700 1#$aE., Sheila$q(Escovedo),$d1959-
100 1#$aBeeton,$cMrs.$q(Isabella Mary),$d1836-1865.
100 1#$a`Atthawimonbandit (To),$cPhra,$d1883-1973.
[Thai name, given in parentheses as part of entry element.]
$r - Key for music [600/700/800]
Statement of key in which the music is written used in a uniform title for a work in a name/title field.
700 12$aBeethoven, Ludwig van,$d1770-1827.$tSonatas,$mpiano,$nno. 13, op. 27, no. 1,$rE major.$f1986.
$s - Version [600/700/800]
Version, edition, etc., information used with a title of a work in a name/title field.
700 1#$aHarrison, Tinsley Randolph,$d1900-$tPrinciples of internal medicine.$s9th ed.
800 1#$aShakespeare, William,$d1564-1616.$tWorks.$f1981.$sMethuen.
$t - Title of a work
Uniform title, a title page title of a work, or a series title used in a name/title field.
600 10$aShakespeare, William,$d1564-1616.$tHamlet.
700 12$aCendrars, Blaise, 1887-1961.$tSelections.$f1987.
700 12$aVoltaire,$d1694-1778.$tCorrespondence.$kSelections.$f1777.
700 12$aKelly, Michael,$d1762-1826.$tLove laughs at locksmiths.$lEnglish.$f1979.
700 12$aPoulenc, Francis,$d1899-1963.$tPiano music, pianos (2)
$u - Affiliation
Affiliation or address of the name.
100 1#$aBrown, B. F.$uChemistry Dept., American University.
$v - Volume/sequential designation [800]
Volume number or other sequential designation used in conjunction with a series added entry in field 800.
800 1#$aFernando, A. Denis N.$tResource maps of Sri Lanka ;$vpt. 2.
$v - Form subdivision [600]
Form subdivision that designates a specific kind or genre of material as defined by the thesaurus being used. Subfield $v is appropriate only when a form subject subdivision is added to a personal or family name to form an extended subject heading. Subfield $v is used for form terms when they function as indicated above. Subfield $x may be used if the terms function as general subdivisions. A form subdivision in subfield $v is generally the last subfield in the field. The subfield may be repeated if more than one form subdivision is used.
600 30$aClark family$vFiction.
600 00$aGautama Buddha$vEarly works to 1800.
$w - Bibliographic record control number [800]
See description of this subfield in Appendix A: Control Subfields.
$x - International Standard Serial Number [700/800]
ISSN for a serial title given in the title portion of a name/title field. The ISSN is an agency-assigned data element. ISSNs are assigned to serial publications by national centers under the auspices of the ISSN Network.
$x - General subdivision [600]
Subject subdivision that is not more appropriately contained in subfield $v (Form subdivision), subfield $y (Chronological subdivision), or subfield $z (Geographic subdivision). Subfield $x is appropriate only when a general subdivision topical is added to a name or a name/title.
600 10$aBrunhoff, Jean de,$d1899-1937$xCharacters$xBabar.
600 00$aNapoleon$bI,$cEmperor of the French,$d1769-1821$xAssassination attempt, 1800 (December 24)
$y - Chronological subdivision [600]
Subject subdivision that represents a period of time. Subfield $y is appropriate only when a chronological subject subdivision is added to a name or name/title.
600 10$aShakespeare, William,$d1564-1616$xCriticism and interpretation$xHistory$y18th century.
600 10$aReagan, Ronald$xAssassination attempt, 1981.
[Date is part of the general subdivision.]
$z - Geographic subdivision [600]
Appropriate only when a geographic subject subdivision is added to a name or name/title.
600 00$aFrederick$bII,$cHoly Roman Emperor,$d1194-1250$xHomes and haunts$zItaly.
600 10$aFord, Gerald R.,$d1913-$xMuseums$zMichigan.
$0 - Authority record control number
See description of this subfield in Appendix A: Control Subfields.
$2 - Source of heading or term [600]
MARC code that identifies the source list from which the heading in a 600 subject added entry field was assigned. It is used only when the second indicator position contains value 7 (Source specified in subfield $2). Code from: MARC Code Lists for Relators, Sources, Description Conventions.
600 17$aNixon, Richard M.,$d1913-$2henn
$3 - Materials specified[600/700/800]
Part of the described materials to which the field applies.
$4 - Relator code
MARC code that specifies the relationship between a name and a work. More than one relator code may be used if the person has more than one function. Code from: MARC Code Lists for Relators, Sources, Description Conventions. The code is given after the name portion in name/title fields.
700 1#$aHerrman, Egbert.$4org
700 1#$aGalway, James.$4prf$4cnd
Relator terms, which also specify the relationship of a person to a work, are contained in subfield $e.
$5 - Institution to which field applies [700]
See description of this subfield in Appendix A: Control Subfields.
$6 - Linkage
See description of this subfield in Appendix A: Control Subfields.
$8 - Field link and sequence number
See description of this subfield in Appendix A: Control Subfields.

INPUT CONVENTIONS

Ambiguous Headings - See Appendix E: Ambiguous Headings.
Punctuation - Punctuation of the subelements of a heading is generally dictated by descriptive cataloging or subject heading system/thesaurus rules. These input conventions clarify MARC punctuation practices. Fields 100, 600, 700, and 800 end with a mark of punctuation or a closing parenthesis. If the final subfields are subfield $0, $2, $3, $4, or $5, the mark of punctuation or closing parenthesis precedes those subfields.
600 10$aCapote, Truman,$d1924-$xCriticism and interpretation.
700 1#$aEllington, Duke,$d1899-1974.$tSelections;$oarr.$f1986.
700 0#$aThomas$c(Anglo-Norman poet).$tRoman de Tristan.$lEnglish.
100 1#$aGrozelier, Leopold.$4art

Name portion of a name/title heading ends with a mark of punctuation. The mark of punctuation is placed inside a closing quotation mark. A name or title portion followed by a subject subdivision does not end with a mark of punctuation unless the name or title portion ends with an abbreviation, initial/letter, or open date.
600 10$aSavos'kin, A.N.$q(Anatolii Nikolaevich)$vBibliography.
600 10$aTatlin, Vladimir Evgrafovich,$d1885-1953.$tMonument to the Third International$xCopying.
600 00$aAlexander,$cthe Great,$d356-323 B.C.$xArt.
Spacing - Adjacent personal name initials/letters or an abbreviation for a name and an adjacent name or initial/letter are separated by one space.
100 1#$aHyatt, J. B.
100 1#$aFlam, F. A.$q(Floyd A.)
700 1#$aEnschedé, Ch. J.
100 1#$aGorbanev, R. V.$q(Rostislav Vasil'evich)

No spaces are used in initials/letters that do not represent personal names.
100 0#$aCuthbert,$cFather, O.S.F.C.,$d1866-1939.
100 1#$aSharma, S. K.,$cM.P.H.
Initial Articles - Initial articles (e.g., La) occurring at the beginning of name heading fields are sometimes omitted (except when the intent is to file on the article). Initial articles occurring at the beginning of the title and/or part portion of a name/title added entry (i.e., 600, 700, 800) may also be omitted. Any diacritics and/or special characters occurring at the beginning of fields are retained. Note that such characters are usually ignored for purposes of sorting or filing.

CONTENT DESIGNATOR HISTORY

Indicator 1 - Type of personal name entry element
1 - Single surname [REDEFINED, 1996]
2 - Multiple surname [OBSOLETE, 1996]
Indicator 2 - Main entry/subject relationship [100] (BK, MU, SE) [OBSOLETE, 1990]
Indicator 2 - Type of added entry [700]
0 - Alternative entry (BK, AM, CF, MP, MU, SE) [OBSOLETE, 1993]
1 - Secondary entry (BK, AM, CF, MP, MU, SE) [OBSOLETE, 1993]
1 - Printed on card (VM) [OBSOLETE, 1993]
3 - Not printed on card (VM) [OBSOLETE, 1993]

$j - Attribution qualifier [NEW, 2000]
$n - Number of part/section of a work [NEW, 1979]
$p - Part [REDEFINED, 1979]
In 1979, subfield $n was defined for numbers of parts/sections and subfield $p (Part) was redefined to include only names of parts/sections. Prior to that change, both the number and the name of a part were contained in one subfield $p.
$w - Bibliographic record control number [NEW, 2007]
$x - International Standard Serials Number [800] [NEW, 2008]
$0 - Authority record control number [NEW, 2007]
$3 - Materials specified [800] [NEW, 2008]

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