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Malaysia
Country Specific Information
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April 03, 2008
COUNTRY DESCRIPTION:
Malaysia is a constitutional monarchy with an elected federal parliamentary government. The country is comprised of 13
states, 11 on the Malay Peninsula and two, Sabah and Sarawak, on the island of Borneo. There is also a federally administered
set of territories: the capital city of Kuala Lumpur, the administrative center of Putrajaya, and the island of Labuan. Malaysia
is a multi-ethnic country of 27 million people. Malays form the predominant ethnic group. The two other large ethnic groups
in Malaysia are Chinese and Indians. Islam is the official religion and is practiced by some 60 percent of the population.
Bahasa Malaysia is the official language, although English is widely spoken. Travelers to Malaysia may access information
on areas of interest through the Malaysian government’s web site at http://www.gov.my/ and Tourism Malaysia’s web site at http://www.tourism.gov.my/. Read the Department of State’s Background Notes on Malaysia for additional information.
SAFETY AND SECURITY: The Department of State remains concerned about the possibility of terrorist attacks against U.S. citizens in Southeast
Asia. Extremist groups in the region have demonstrated the capability to carry out attacks in locations where Westerners
congregate, and these groups do not distinguish between civilian and official targets. The United States Government has designated
two such groups, Jemaah Islamiyah (JI) and the Abu Sayyaf Group (ASG) as Foreign Terrorist Organizations. JI is linked to
al-Qaeda and other regional terrorist groups, such as the ASG, and has cells operating throughout Southeast Asia.
There are indications that both criminal and terrorist groups continue to plan acts of violence against foreigners. The most
recent incident involving American citizens occurred in 2000. The most recent incident involving other foreigners occurred
in 2003. The ASG, based in the southern Philippines, has kidnapped foreigners in Malaysia. Criminal elements are also responsible
for kidnapping and piracy committed against foreigners. These acts of violence have occurred in the eastern islands and coastal
areas of the state of Sabah, closest to the maritime border with the Philippines.
For these reasons, the Department of State urges American citizens to evaluate carefully the risks of travel to the eastern
islands and coastal areas of the state of Sabah. Americans who wish to visit these areas should exercise caution, remain
alert to their surroundings, and use good personal security measures. Also, Americans who travel overland from Malaysia to
Thailand should be aware of the Department of State's safety and security information for Thailand, and in particular for
the several Thai provinces bordering Malaysia. Americans planning to travel to Malaysia are encouraged to register and update
their contact information at the State Department’s travel registration web site.
For the latest security information, Americans traveling abroad should regularly monitor the Department’s web site where the
current Travel Warnings and Travel Alerts, including the Worldwide Caution , can be found.
Up-to-date information on safety and security can also be obtained by calling 1-888-407-4747 toll free in the U.S., or for
callers outside the U.S. and Canada, a regular toll-line at 1-202-501-4444. These numbers are available from 8:00 a.m. to
8:00 p.m. Eastern Time, Monday through Friday (except U.S. federal holidays).
The Department of State urges American citizens to take responsibility for their own personal security while traveling overseas.
For general information about appropriate measures travelers can take to protect themselves in an overseas environment, see
the Department of State’s pamphlet A Safe Trip Abroad.
ENTRY/EXIT REQUIREMENTS: American citizens are required to have a passport valid for at least six months to enter Malaysia, but Americans do not need
to obtain a visa in advance for a pleasure or business trip if their stay in Malaysia is 90 days or less. Immigration officials
will then place an entry stamp in their passport. While in Malaysia, Americans should carry their passports with them at all
times.
Travelers are required to carry their passports for travel from peninsular Malaysia to eastern Malaysia (on the island of
Borneo) and between the provinces of Sabah and Sarawak, both of which are on Borneo. Social visit passes (visas) issued at
immigration points such as KLIA airport, Johor Bahru, and Kota Kinabalu (Sabah) for entry into peninsular Malaysia are not
valid for entry into the state of Sarawak and usually have 3 months’ validity. New social visit passes must be obtained upon
arrival at Kuching or Miri airports in Sarawak. In most cases, social visit passes issued by Sarawak immigration officials
are valid for any part of Malaysia and usually have 1 month’s validity.
The Malaysian Passport is not valid for travel to the State of Israel. However, travelers with Israeli entry or exit stamps
in their American passports do not encounter difficulty at Malaysian Immigration.
For more information on the latest entry procedures and requirements, contact the Embassy of Malaysia, 3516 International
Court NW, Washington, DC 20008, telephone: (202) 572-9700, email: malwashdc@kln.gov.by; the Malaysian consulates located in New York, telephone: (212) 490-2722, email: malnyc@yahoo.com; or Los Angeles, telephone: (213) 892-1238, e-mail: mwla@pacbell.net; or visit the Malaysian government’s web site, which has information on Malaysian embassies and consulates abroad at www.kln.gov.my.
VISA OVERSTAYS: Malaysian immigration authorities routinely have detained foreigners who overstay their social visit passes (visas). In
light of the arrests of several American citizens in connection with immigration sweeps conducted by Malaysian police and
immigration authorities, American citizens should carry their passports (containing the Malaysian entry stamp) with them at
all times. Depending upon the nature of the violation, detentions may last from a few hours to several weeks, pending a formal
hearing. American citizens are urged to check their visa status periodically while in Malaysia and strictly follow immigration
laws and regulations.
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CRIME: Violent crime involving tourists and expatriates in Malaysia is relatively uncommon. Petty theft, particularly purse snatching
and pick-pocketing, and residential burglaries are the most common criminal activity directed against foreigners. Other types
of non-violent criminal activity include credit card fraud and automobile theft. Malaysia’s national emergency number is
999 (equivalent to the U.S. 911). An alternate number is the Royal Malaysia Police Operations Center in Kuala Lumpur, 2115-9999.
In tourist areas such as Bangsar, Kuala Lumpur, and the main square in Malacca, the police have established small "Tourist
Police” stations.
Purse-Snatching: In most incidents, two men on a motorcycle speed up from behind a victim and the passenger on the back snatches
a purse, handbag, or cellular phone. Thieves have also conducted snatch-thefts while leaning out of the passenger side of
moving vehicles. These thefts occur at all hours and often in front of large groups of witnesses, even in upscale neighborhoods
frequented by expatriates. Women walking by themselves or with small children are the most common targets. Victims have
been injured and even killed after falling and being dragged by thieves in cars or on motorcycles.
To avoid becoming the victim of a purse snatching, be alert and aware of your surroundings. Pedestrians should walk facing
traffic and keep a close eye on all vehicular traffic, particularly motorcycles. If possible, try to walk on the sidewalk
away from the curb. Avoid poorly lit streets, shortcuts, and narrow alleys. Purses or shoulder bags should be closed and
tucked under the arm. Do not wrap the strap around your arm or shoulder. People have been injured or killed by being pulled
to the ground by their purse straps as the thieves speed off. If your purse or bag is snatched, report the incident as soon
as possible to the police.
Credit Card Fraud: Travelers in Malaysia should avoid using credit cards, except at reputable estabishments, and credit card
numbers should be closely safeguarded at all times. Credit card fraud continues to be a serious problem in Malaysia, although
enhanced technology has somewhat reduced reported instances of fraud. Unauthorized charges may not show on a credit card
account for several months, but can unexpectedly appear in amounts of $5,000 or more. One of the more common methods is for
retailers to swipe the credit card under the counter where account information is received into a machine containing a mobile
phone SIM card and is transmitted to a criminal organization for reproduction. Travelers should watch retailers closely and
any “under the table” transactions should be reported to the local police. In some cases sophisticated criminal organizations
have tapped into data lines emanating from retail establishments. Credit card information is then stolen while it is being
transmitted to financial institutions. If you must use a credit card in Malaysia, you are advised to check your account information
frequently for fraudulent charges. ATM cards are safer as long as the machines where they are used are associated with reputable
Malaysian banks.
In many countries around the world, counterfeit and pirated goods are widely available. Transactions involving such products
may be illegal under local law. In addition, bringing them back to the United States may result in forfeitures and/or fines.
More information on this serious problem is available at http://www.cybercrime.gov/18usc2320.htm.
INFORMATION FOR VICTIMS OF CRIME: The loss or theft abroad of a U.S. passport should be reported immediately to the local police and the nearest U.S. Embassy
or Consulate. If you are the victim of a crime while overseas, in addition to reporting to local police, please contact the
nearest U.S. Embassy or Consulate for assistance. The Embassy/Consulate staff can, for example, assist you to find appropriate
medical care, to contact family members or friends and explain how funds could be transferred. Although the investigation
and prosecution of the crime is solely the responsibility of local authorities, consular officers can help you to understand
the local criminal justice process and to find an attorney if needed. See our information for Victims of Crime.
MEDICAL FACILITIES AND HEALTH INFORMATION: Medical facilities and services are adequate in the larger cities, where Western-trained doctors can be found. The American
Embassy can provide a list of English-speaking doctors and hospitals upon request. Psychological and psychiatric medical
and counseling services are limited. Serious medical problems requiring hospitalization and/or medical evacuation to the
United States can cost thousands of dollars or more. Doctors and hospitals often expect immediate cash payment for health
services although major credit cards are acceptable.
Malaysian ambulance attendants lack training equivalent to U.S. standards. Callers to Malaysia's "999" emergency number (equivalent
to the U.S. 911) are connected to the Red Crescent and patients are directed to whichever hospital the dispatcher chooses.
Americans staying in Malaysia for extended periods, especially those who have known health problems, are advised to investigate
private ambulance services in their area and to provide family and close contacts with the direct telephone number (s) of
the service they prefer.
Air quality in Malaysia is acceptable most of the time. However, when burning of vegetation occurs in Malaysia and nearby
countries, especially from March through June and during September and October, air quality can range from “unhealthy for
sensitive groups” to “unhealthy.”
For information on avian influenza (bird flu), please refer to the Department of State's Avian Influenza Fact Sheet, available at http://travel.state.gov/travel/tips/health/health_1181.html.
Recorded information on vaccinations and other health precautions, such as safe food and water precautions and insect bite
protection, may be obtained from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention’s hotline for international travelers at 1-877-FYI-TRIP
(1-877-394-8747), fax 1-888-CDC-FAXX (1-888-232-3299), or from its web site at http://wwwn.cdc.gov/travel/default.aspx. For information about outbreaks of infectious diseases abroad and other health information for travelers consult the World
Health Organization’s (WHO) web site at http://www.who.int/en/.
MEDICAL INSURANCE: The Department of State strongly urges Americans to consult with their medical insurance company prior to traveling abroad
to confirm whether their policies remain in force overseas and whether they cover emergency expenses such as a medical evacuation.
See our information on medical insurance overseas.
TRAFFIC SAFETY AND ROAD CONDITIONS: While in a foreign country, American citizens may encounter road conditions that differ significantly from those in the United
States. The information below concerning Malaysia is provided for general reference only, and may not be totally accurate
in a particular location or circumstance.
Traffic in Malaysia moves on the left side of the road, and most vehicles use right-hand drive. Seat belts are mandatory.
Cell phones cannot be used while driving. Laws against drinking and driving are strictly enforced with stiff penalties.
Motorcyclists attempt to circumvent traffic blockage by weaving in and out of traffic, temporarily using vacant oncoming traffic
lanes, and running through red lights. This poses a hazard for both drivers and pedestrians unfamiliar with such traffic
patterns. Drivers should use their turn signals well in advance of turning to alert motorcycles of their intent to turn. There
has been a recent rise in the reported number of incidents involving late-night road rage. The majority of these violent
incidents occur after midnight. Drivers are advised to avoid confrontational behavior if involved in an accident, especially
with a motorcyclist. If threatened, drivers should leave the scene and file a report with the local police within 24 hours.
Traffic is heavy during the morning and afternoon rush hours and slows down considerably when it rains; monsoon rains can
quickly flood roads located in low lying areas. Bottlenecks are common in major cities. Development of the infrastructure
has not kept pace with the proliferation of motorized vehicles. Multi-lane highways often merge into narrow two-lane roads
in the center of town and cause added congestion. Many streets are narrow and winding. Taxis are metered, but some drivers
charge a rate much higher than the metered rate during peak hours, when it is raining, or when the passenger’s destination
is to or through a heavily congested area.
Sobriety checkpoints: Police operate sobriety checkpoints in many entertainment districts frequented by expatriates. At these checkpoints, all
drivers are required to submit to alcohol breath tests. A failure of the breath test results in an arrest. Laws against
drinking and driving are strictly enforced with serious penalties.
Please refer to our Road Safety page for more information.
AVIATION SAFETY OVERSIGHT: The U.S. Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) has assessed the Government of Malaysia’s Department of Civil Aviation as
being in compliance with International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) aviation safety standards for oversight of Malaysia’s
air carrier operations. For more information, travelers may visit the FAA’s web site at http://www.faa.gov/safety/programs_initiatives/oversight/iasa.
Currency: Currency exchange is readily available; international bank-to-bank transfers may take several days and require
adequate identification. Credit cards are accepted throughout the country, but travelers should be aware of the risk of fraud
by criminal syndicates. ATMs can be a safer means of obtaining Malaysian Ringgit. Western Union money transfers are available
through various Malaysian banks. To find a Western Union location in Malaysia, complete with address, you may access it through
Western Union’s web-site.
Customs: Malaysia’s customs authorities enforce strict regulations concerning temporary importation into or export from Malaysia
of items such as firearms, narcotics, medication, business equipment, currency and books or other printed material, video,
and audio recordings which might be considered obscene or in any way harmful to public interest and cultural property. It
is advisable to contact the Malaysian Embassy in Washington, D.C., or one of Malaysia’s consulates in the United States for
specific information regarding customs’ requirements. Please see our information on customs regulations.
Dual Nationality: Malaysia does not recognize or permit dual nationality. If Malaysian authorities learn that an American citizen is also
a citizen of Malaysia, they may require that the dual national either renounce United States citizenship immediately or forfeit
Malaysian citizenship. Dual American/Malaysian citizens should consider this issue seriously before traveling to Malaysia.
See our dual nationality flyer for more information.
International Child Abduction: There have been cases of parental child abduction in Malaysia. While each case is different,
Malaysian courts and police have been consistent in enforcing valid U.S. sole custody decrees. See our International Child
Abduction web pages for more information.
CRIMINAL PENALTIES: While in a foreign country, an American citizen is subject to that country’s laws and regulations, which sometimes differ
significantly from those in the United States and do not afford the protections available to the individual under U.S. law.
Penalties for breaking the law can be more severe than in the United States for similar offenses. Persons violating the law,
even unknowingly, may be fined, expelled, arrested or imprisoned. Penalties for possession, use, or trafficking in illegal
drugs in Malaysia are severe, and convicted offenders can expect long jail sentences and heavy fines. Malaysia strictly enforces
its drug laws. Malaysian legislation provides for a mandatory death penalty for convicted drug traffickers. Individuals
arrested in possession of 15 grams (1/2 ounce) of heroin or 200 grams (seven ounces) of marijuana are presumed by law to be
trafficking in drugs.
The Malaysian criminal code includes a provision for a sentence of caning for certain white-collar crimes, including criminal
misappropriation, criminal breach of trust and cheating. Unauthorized collection and/or removal of local flora and fauna
may be prosecuted as a crime and can result in heavy fines, expulsion, and/or imprisonment. Distribution of religious leaflets
or books of another faith to Malaysian Muslims is illegal and may result in arrest and imprisonment.
Although access to prisoners is permitted, the U.S. Embassy may not learn of the arrest of U.S. citizens in smaller, more
remote areas until several days after the incident. Prison conditions are harsh. American citizens are encouraged to carry
a copy of their U.S. passports and of their current social visit pass (visa) with them at all times, so that, if questioned
by local officials, proof of identity, U.S. citizenship and legal status in Malaysia is readily available.
Engaging in sexual conduct with children or using or disseminating child pornography in a foreign country is a crime, prosecutable
in the United States. Please see our information on Criminal Penalties.
CHILDREN'S ISSUES: For information on international adoption of children and international parental child abduction, see the Office of Children’s Issues web pages.
REGISTRATION / EMBASSY LOCATION: American citizens living in or visiting Malaysia are encouraged to register their stay in Malaysia on line through the State
Department’s Travel Registration web site or in person by visiting the U.S. Embassy’s American Citizen Services (ACS) section.
The U.S. Embassy is located at 376 Jalan Tun Razak 50400, Kuala Lumpur. The local mailing address is P.O. Box No. 10035,
50700 Kuala Lumpur. The U.S. Embassy’s telephone (60-3) 2168-5000 is available 24 hours a day for emergencies such as arrests,
serious illness/injury, or death of Americans, (after business hours, please press 1 at the recording). The ACS Unit’s telephone
number is (60-3) 2168-4997/4979, and the Consular section’s fax number is (60-3) 2148-5801. The U.S. Embassy’s general fax
number is (60-3) 2142-2207 and web site is http://malaysia.usembassy.gov. The Consular section’s e-mail is klconsular@state.gov.
* * *
This replaces the Country Specific Information dated March 29, 2007 to update the Country Description, Safety and Security,
Exit/Entry Requirements, and Criminal Penalties sections.
