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HIV Incidence
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In August 2008, CDC published the first national HIV incidence (new infections) estimates using new technology and methodology that more directly measure the number of new HIV infections in the United States. The first analyses, published in the August 6, 2008 issue of the Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA), showed that in 2006, an estimated 56,300 new HIV infections occurred - a number that is substantially higher than the previous estimate of 40,000 annual new infections.

This pie chart shows the estimated new HIV infections in 2006 by transmission category. Male-to-male sexual contact accounted for 53 percent, high-risk heterosexual contact accounted for 31 percent, injection drug use accounted for 12 percent and cases that were both male-to-male sexual contact and injection drug use accounted for 4 percent of the estimated new HIV infections in 2006.It should be noted that the new incidence estimate does not represent an actual increase in the numbers of HIV infections, but reflects a more accurate way of measuring new infections. A separate CDC historical trend analysis published as part of this first analysis suggests that the annual number of new infections was never as low as 40,000 and that it has been roughly stable since the late 1990s.

This bar chart shows the estimated rates of new HIV infections in 2006 by Race/Ethnicity. Rates shown on the chart include: 83.7 new infections per 100,000 population among blacks, 29.3 new infections per 100,000 population among Hispanics, and 11.5 new infections per 100,000 population among whites in 2006.  American Indians/Alaska Natives has 14.6 new infections per 100,000 population, and Asians/Pacific Islanders had 10.3 new infections per 100,000 population.The analyses published in the JAMA article are the first of many that will be published using data from this new system. Visit this site often to monitor emerging information on HIV incidence in the United States.

Resources on HIV Incidence (General)

Resources on "Subpopulation Estimates from the HIV Incidence Surveillance System - United States, 2006.” MMWR, September 12, 2008 / 57(36);985-989

Resources on “Estimation of HIV Incidence in the United States.” JAMA, August 6, 2008;300:520

Supporting Documents

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Last Modified: September 11, 2008
Last Reviewed: September 11, 2008
Content Source:
Divisions of HIV/AIDS Prevention
National Center for HIV/AIDS, Viral Hepatitis, STD, and TB Prevention
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