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ANTHRACNOSE OF ASH TREES
Cynthia Ash |
A common type of fungal leaf spot on ash trees is anthracnose. This disease, caused by the fungus Discula sp., survives winter on infected plant tissue. During the spring and summer when the weather is cool and wet, spores are produced on infected tissue. These spores are spread by wind and splashing rain to buds, shoots, and expanding leaves where new infections occur.
Leaf spots are irregular in shape and usually appear brownish in color. Infections early in the season may result in large necrotic (dead) areas, blotching, and/or distortion of leaves. Leaf infections later in the season result in discrete necrotic spots. Severe leaf infection can cause extensive defoliation. Anthracnose is most severe on the lower and inner portions of the tree where the humidity and moisture levels are higher. This helps distinguish it from wilt diseases and root problems where symptoms develop first in the top of the tree.
![]() Anthracnose infection on ash can cause large necrotic areas and distortion of leaves. Photo credit: Chad Behrendt |
In most cases, anthracnose does not cause permanent damage to established trees. However, trees stressed by root restrictions, drought, heavy insect infestation, etc., are much less tolerant of anthracnose and may show decreased vigor after only a single season of severe anthracnose defoliation. Cultural control measures should include proper watering, mulching, and sanitation procedures. Raking leaves in the fall and pruning out dead or dying branches help reduce the number of new infections the following year. Fertilizing stressed trees in the spring may also help boost tree vigor.
Several fungicides are labeled for control of anthracnose. If trees are severely stressed from defoliation or have been severely defoliated for three out of five years, fungicides may be applied. Fungicide application should begin at bud break to protect the young, succulent growth. Repeat applications, according to fungicide label, during cool wet weather. Read the label carefully and apply only as directed. Application to large trees requires special equipment to ensure adequate coverage. Currently labeled fungicides include chlorothalonil (Daconil 2787) and thiophanate-methyl (Cleary's 3336).
Representative trade names may be included along with generic names. This information is supplied with the understanding that no discrimination is intended and no endorsement is implied.
Reference
Stack, Robert W., and Kenneth Conway. 1986. Gleosporium and Gnomonia Leaf Diseases of Broadleaf Trees. In Diseases of Trees in the Great Plains. Riffle, J.W. and G.W. Peterson, editors. 16-19.
P413A
Revised 1/99
Chad Behrendt, Crystal Floyd