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Dividends From Wood Research

Recent Publications From July 1 - December 2002

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Explanation and Instructions

"Dividends From Wood Research" is a semiannual listing of recent publications resulting from wood utilization research at the Forest Products Laboratory (FPL). These publications are produced to encourage and facilitate application of Forest Service research. This issue lists publications received between July 1 and December 31, 2005.

Each publication listed in this brochure is available through at least one of the following sources.

Available from FPL (indicated by an order number before the title of the publication): Quantities limited. Order by sending the item number and your complete mailing address.

Available through Internet: Listed publications are available as PDF documents for viewing or printing through links provided in this document.

Available through sales outlets: Major sales outlets are the Superintendent of Documents, the National Technical Information Service (NTIS), and various private publishers. Order directly from the outlet.

Available through libraries: Research publications are available through many public and university libraries in the United States and elsewhere. U.S. Government publications are also available through many Government Depository Libraries. Check with a major library near you to determine availability.

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Biodiversity and Biosystematics of Fungi

Decay Processes and Bioprocessing

Durability

  • Comparison of Wood Preservatives in Stake Tests--2000 Progress Report (PDF 2 MB) Crawford, D.M.; Woodward, B.M.; Hatfield, C.A., comps. 2002. USDA Forest Serv. Res. Note FPL-RN-02 (Rev.): 120 p. http://www.fpl.fs.fed.us/documnts/fplrn/fplrn002.pdf
    This report covers stake test results primarily from Southern Pine 2- by 4- by 18-in. sapwood, treated by pressure and nonpressure processes, and installed by Forest Products Laboratory employees and cooperators in decay and termite exposure sites at various times since 1938 at Saucier, Mississippi; Madison, Wisconsin; Bogalusa, Louisiana; Lake Charles, Louisiana; Jacksonville, Florida; and the Canal Zone, Panama. Also included in the tests at Saucier, Mississippi, are smaller pine stakes and those of treated and untreated plywood, particleboard, modified woods, laminated paper plastic, pine infected with Trichoderma mold, plus other selected wood species such as oak, Douglas-fir, and Engelmann spruce. Southern Pine untreated control stakes have had an average life of about 1 year in the Canal Zone, 1.8 to 3.6 years in Mississippi, Florida, and Louisiana, and about 6 years in Wisconsin. Superficial treatments by 3-min dipping and brushing with preservatives such as coal-tar creosote and petroleum oils containing copper naphthenate, zinc naphthenate, phenyl mercury oleate, and pentachlorophenol have added from a few months to 4 years to the life of the untreated stakes. When appropriate preservative retention levels are applied, creosote, pentachlorophenol, and selected waterborne salt preservatives give excellent service. In addition, this publication contains information regarding the future of the FPL treated-stake testing program.
  • Ultrasonic Inspection of Large Bridge Timbers (PDF 401 KB) Emerson, Robert; Pollock, David; McLean, David; Fridley, Ken; Pellerin, Roy; Ross, Robert. 2002. Forest Prod. J. 52(9): 88-95. http://www.fpl.fs.fed.us/documnts/pdf2002/emers02a.pdf
  • Improvements in Decay Resistance Based on Moisture Exclusion (PDF 94 KB) Ibach, Rebecca E.; Rowell, Roger M. 2000. Mol. Cryst. Liq. Cryst. 353: 23-33. http://www.fpl.fs.fed.us/documnts/pdf2000/ibach00b.pdf
  • Dry Wood Termite Resistance of Acetylated and Polymerized Tributyltin Acrylate (TBTA) Indonesian and USA Wood (PDF 317 KB) Indrayan, Yuliati; Yusuf, Sulaeman; Hadi, Yusuf Sudo; Nandika, Dodi; Ibach, Rebecca E. 2000. In: Shimada, Mikio; Inoue, Masafjumi; Komatsu, Kohei [and others], eds. Sustainable utilization of forest products: socio-economical and ecological management of tropical forests. Proceedings, 3d international wood science symposium; 2000, November 1-2; Uji, Kyoto, Japan. Kyoto, Japan: Wood Research Institute: 181-187. http://www.fpl.fs.fed.us/documnts/pdf2000/indra00a.pdf
  • Vibration Testing of Timber Floor Systems (PDF 123 KB) Soltis, L.A.; Wang, X.; Ross, R.J.; Hunt, M.O. 2002. Forest Prod. J. 52(10): 75-81. http://www.fpl.fs.fed.us/documnts/pdf2002/soltis02a.pdf
  • Nondestructive Evaluation of Trees (PDF 188 KB)Wang, X.; Ross, R.J.; Erickson, J.R.; Ligon, J.B. 2000. Exp. Tech. 24(6): 27-29. http://www.fpl.fs.fed.us/documnts/pdf2000/wang00d.pdf
  • Timber Assessment at Quincy Mine Blacksmith Shop, Keweenaw National Historical Park (PDF 338 KB) Wang, Xping; Ross, Robert J.; Erickson, John R.; Forsman, John W.; Jukuri, G. David; Yarbrough, Edward B. 2002. APT Bull. 33(2-3): 70-73. http:www.fpl.fs.fed.us/documnts/pdf2002/wang02c.pdf
  • Analytical Methods for Determining Fire Resistance of Timber Members (PDF 819 KB) White, Robert H. 2002. In: DiNenno, Philip J.; Drysdale, Dougal; Beyler, Craig L. [and others], eds. SFPE Handbook of fire protection engineer-ing. 3d ed. Quincy, MA: Nat. Fire Protection Assoc. Ch. 11, Sec. 4: 257-273 http://www.fpl.fs.fed.us/documnts/pdf2002/white02a.pdf
  • Effects of Water Flow Rate and Temperature on Leaching From Creosote-Treated Wood (PDF 459 KB) Xiao, Y.; Simonsen, J.; Morrell, J.J. 2002. USDA Forest Serv. Res. Note FPL-RN-0286. 6 p. http://www.fpl.fs.fed.us/documnts/fplrn/fplrn286.pdf
    Creosote has a long history of use as a preservative, particularly in industrial wood products. However, its use has come under increasing scrutiny as a result of concerns about potential effects on aquatic and terrestrial non-target organisms. Despite the long use of creosote, there is relatively little data on the rates of creosote loss in many exposures, including aquatic applications. To address this concern, the Federal Highway Administration has funded a series of studies to evaluate the environmental impact of creosote-treated wood used in timber bridges. In this report we investigated the leaching of creosote from rough-sawn Douglas-fir lumber under simulated river flow conditions. Treated wood samples were contained in a metal tank, and deionized water was passed through the box at three predetermined flow rates and temperatures. The water was periodically sampled for the concentration of five major creosote components. The leach rates were highly variable, but in general they tended to increase with both flow rate and temperature. The possible onset of turbulent flow in the tank may have been responsible for the high leach rates observed at high flow rates. In general, the rates of leaching determined in this study were greater than those previously reported for creosote-treated piling. Longer exposures may be needed to better predict creosote release rates during decades of in-service use.

General

  • Review of Log Sort Yards (PDF 671 KB) Dramm, John Rusty; Jackson, Gerry L.; Wong, Jenny 2002. USDA Forest Serv. Gen. Tech. Rep. FPL-GTR-132. 39 p. http://www.fpl.fs.fed.us/documnts/fplgtr/fplgtr132.pdf
    This report provides a general overview of current log sort yard operations in the United States, including an extensive literature review and information collected during on-site visits to several operations throughout the nation. Log sort yards provide many services in marketing wood and fiber by concentrating, merchandising, processing, sorting, and adding value to logs. Such operations supply forest products firms with desired raw materials, which helps improve their bottom line by reducing the number of marginal logs processed. Ultimately, sorting logs leads to better use of the available timber resources. Successful log sort yards are self-sufficient and have well-established markets and a steady supply of wood. Log sort yard concepts and analyses described in this report have broad applications. McGraw-Hill Encyclopedia of Science & Technology. An international reference work in twenty volumes including an index. 9th ed. New York: McGraw-Hill.
  • Lumber (PDF 75 KB) Kretschmann, David E. 2000. Chap. 10: 186-187. http://www.fpl.fs.fed.us/documnts/pdf2000/krets00a.pdf
  • Wood Anatomy (PDF 218 KB) Miller, Regis B. 2000. Chap. 19: 600-602. http://www.fpl.fs.fed.us/documnts/pdf2000/mille00b.pdf

Papermaking and Paper Recycling

Properties and Use of Wood, Composites, and Fiber Products

Recycling of Wood Products

  • Successful Approaches to Recycling Urban Wood Waste (PDF 1.5 MB) Solid Waste Association of North America. 2002. USDA Forest Serv. Gen. Tech. Rep. FPL-GTR-133. 20 p. http://www.fpl.fs.fed.us/documnts/fplgtr/fplgtr133.pdf
    This report presents eight case studies of successful urban wood waste recycling projects and businesses. These studies document the success of recovered products such as lumber and lumber products, mulch, boiler fuel, and alternative cover for landfills. Overall, wood waste accounts for about 17% of the total waste received at municipal solid waste landfills in the United States. In 1998, the amount of urban wood waste generated was more than 160 million tons, with 29.6 million tons available for recovery. Similarly, in 1998, new construction in the United States generated 8.7 million tons of wood waste, with 6.6 million tons available for recovery; demolition waste generated 26.4 million tons of wood waste, with 9 million tons available for recovery. The case studies were selected on the basis of the following criteria: an emphasis on partnerships among communities, businesses, governments, and non-governmental organizations; efficient use of funds; sustained creation of enterprise; and a high benefit/cost ratio.

Surface Chemistry

Timber and Fiber Demand and Technology Assessment

  • U.S. Forest Products Annual Market Review and Prospects, 2000-2003 (PDF 358 KB) Howard, James L. 2002. USDA Forest Serv. Res. Note FPL-RN-0287. 5 p. http://www.fpl.fs.fed.us/documnts/fplrn/fplrn287.pdf
    This report provides general and statistical information on forests products markets in terms of production, trade, consumption, and prices. The current state of the United States economy is described. Market developments are described for sawn softwood, sawn hardwood, softwood log trade, wood-based panels, paper and paperboard, fuelwood, and forest product prices. Detailed information and projections for the year 2003 are presented.

Wood Anatomy

Wood Chemistry
 

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