Geohydrology of the valley-fill aquifers between the Village of Greene,
Chenango County and Chenango Valley State Park, Broome County, New York
by Kari K. Hetcher-Aguila and Todd S. Miller
U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY
Scientific Investigations Map 2005-2914
ABSTRACT
This set of maps and geohydrologic sections depict the geology
and hydrology of valley-fill aquifers in the 14-mile reach of the Chenango River valley
between the Village of Greene and the area south of Chenango Valley State Park, N.Y.
This map report depicts the aquifers; locations of domestic, production, and test wells;
surficial geology; water-table altitude; potentiometric-surface altitude; generalized
saturated thickness of the unconfined (water-table) aquifer; generalized thickness of
the confined aquifer; and includes three geohydrologic sections.
The valley fill in the Chenango River valley consists primarily of (1) glaciofluvial
deposits comprised of stratified coarse-grained sediment (sand and gravel) that were
deposited by meltwater streams flowing on, below, and in front of the glacier;
(2) lacustrine sediments consisting of stratified fine-grained sediment (very fine sand,
silt, and clay) that were deposited in proglacial lakes that formed at the front of a
glacier; and (3) recent alluvium consisting of alluvial fan deposits (sand, silt, and
gravel), floodplain sediments (fine-to-medium sand and silt), and channel deposits (sand
and gravel).
The Chenango River valley contains an unconfined valley-fill aquifer throughout much of
the study area, and a confined valley-fill aquifer in the area between the northern edge
of the Chenango Valley State Park and the Village of Greene. The unconfined aquifer
consists predominantly of alluvial and outwash sand and gravel. The water table was mapped
using water-level measurements obtained from wells completed in the unconfined aquifer,
and from altitudes of lakes, ponds, and streams as indicated on U.S. Geological Survey
1:24,000-scale topographic maps. The depth to the water table typically ranges from
5 to 15 feet below land surface, but can locally be as much as 100 feet, such as in the
ice-contact deposits in the Chenango Valley State Park.
The confined aquifer is widely used by people living and working in the Chenango River
valley. The confined aquifer consists of ice-contact sand and gravel, typically overlies
bedrock, and underlies a confining unit consisting of lacustrine fine sand, silt, and
clay. The confining unit is typically more than 100 feet thick in the central parts of
the valley between Greene Landing Field and along the northern edge of the Chenango Valley
State Park. The thickness of the confined aquifer is more than 40 feet near the Greene
Landing Field.
Citation: Hetcher-Aguila, K.K. and Miller, T.S., 2005, Geohydrology of the valley-fill aquifers
between the Village of Greene, Chenango County and Chenango Valley State Park, Broome
County, New York: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Map 2005-2914, 8 plates,
1:24,000 scale, online only.
README.TXT - Important CD-ROM end-user information
[Plate 1 - Introduction and location of study area, orig. size 20"x30", Acrobat PDF
(736K)]
[Plate 2 - Location of selected wells and test holes, orig. size 36"x30", Acrobat PDF
(8.5M)]
[Plate 3 - Surficial geology, orig. size 20"x30", Acrobat PDF
(8.2M)]
[Plate 4 - Generalized water-table altitude, orig. size 20"x30", Acrobat PDF
(7.9M)]
[Plate 5 - Generalized potentiometric-surface altitude in the confined aquifer, orig. size 20"x30", Acrobat PDF
(7.9M)]
[Plate 6 - Generalized saturated thickness of the unconfined aquifer, orig. size 20"x30", Acrobat PDF
(7.9M)]
[Plate 7 - Generalized thickness of the confined aquifer, orig. size 20"x30", Acrobat PDF
(7.8M)]
[Plate 8 - Generalized geohydrologic sections, orig. size 30"x20", Acrobat PDF
(1.4M)]
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