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San Joaquin Valley Aerosol Health Effects Research Center (SAHERC)
EPA Grant Number: R832414Center: San Joaquin Valley Aerosol Health Effects Research Center (SAHERC)
Center Director: Wexler, Anthony S.
Title: San Joaquin Valley Aerosol Health Effects Research Center (SAHERC)
Investigators: Wexler, Anthony S. , Pinkerton, Kent E.
Institution: University of California - Davis
EPA Project Officer: Stacey Katz/Gail Robarge,
Project Period: October 1, 2005 through September 30, 2010
Project Amount: $7,999,767
RFA: Particulate Matter Research Centers (2004)
Research Category: Particulate Matter
Description:
Objective:This proposal will investigate the mechanistic links between ambient particles and the health effects that they elicit. This objective entails two goals:
- Understanding the metabolic response of tissue and organs when they are exposed to particulate pollutants,
- and understanding the characteristics of the particulate pollutants and their gaseous co-pollutants that elicit these responses.
The proposed center is composed of five projects supported by five cores. The projects will investigate the metabolic response to pollutant exposure in pulmonary and cardiovascular tissues, whole animal effects of exposure, transport of particles from the airways to other tissues, and the effects of particles and gases on lung development in juveniles. The projects will take both top down approaches, identifying the characteristics of particles that elicit health responses, and bottom up approaches, examining the metabolic responses that these particles elicit. We will perform both field and laboratory studies. The field studies will take place in the San Joaquin Valley of California, one of the worst violators of the National Ambient Air Quality Standards for particulate matter. The laboratory studies will examine the effects of particles from sources or laboratory-generated particles with carefully controlled properties that model ambient ones or those from dominant sources. The research team, composed of physiologists, toxicologists, chemists, and engineers who already collaborate on air pollution studies in the UC Davis Air Quality Research Center, will use their complementary skills to address the center’s objectives.
Expected Results:Epidemiological studies show a correlation between elevated particulate matter concentrations and increased rates of morbidity and mortality, but these studies do not suggest the mechanisms or the particle properties that cause this correlation. The center’s scientists will investigate the properties of the particles that are responsible for these health effects, the metabolism that underlies these effects, and the consequences of chronic exposures, especially during childhood, that make individuals more susceptible to adverse effects.
Journal Articles: 10 Displayed | Download in RIS Format
| Other center views: | All 19 publications | 10 publications in selected types | All 10 journal articles |
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Day KC, Plopper CG, Fanucchi MV. Age-specific pulmonary cytochrome P-450 3A1 expression in postnatal and adult rats. American Journal of Physiology-Lung Cellular and Molecular Physiology 2006;291(1):L75-L83. |
R832414C001 (2007) R832414C001 (2008) |
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Donaldson K, Borm PJA, Oberdorster G, Pinkerton KE, Stone V, Tran CL. Concordance between in vitro and in vivo dosimetry in the proinflammatory effects of low-toxicity, low-solubility particles:the key role of the proximal alveolar region. Inhalation Toxicology 2008;20(1):53-62. |
R832414C003 (2008) |
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Kennedy IM. The health effects of combustion-generated aerosols. Proceedings of the Combustion Institute 2007;31(2):2757-2770. |
R832414C001 (2008) |
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Kleeman MJ, Riddle SG, Jakober CA. Size distribution of particle-phase molecular markers during a severe winter pollution episode. Environmental Science & Technology 2008;42(17):6469-6475. |
R832414C003 (2008) |
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Lee DY, Wexler AS, Fanucchi MV, Plopper CG. Expiration rate drives human airway design. Journal of Theoretical Biology 2008;253(2):381-387. |
R832414C005 (2008) |
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Lee D, Park SS, Ban-Weiss GA, Fanucchi MV, Plopper CG, Wexler AS. Bifurcation model for characterization of pulmonary architecture. Anatomical Record 2008;291(4):379-389. |
R832414C005 (2008) |
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Lee D, Fanucchi MV, Plopper CG, Fung J, Wexler AS. Pulmonary architecture in the conducting regions of six rats. Anatomical Record 2008;291(8):916-926. |
R832414C005 (2008) |
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Riddle SG, Robert MA, Jakober CA, Hannigan MP, Kleeman MJ. Size-resolved source apportionment of airborne particle mass in a roadside environment. Environmental Science & Technology 2008;42(17):6580-6586. |
R832414C003 (2008) |
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Smith KR, Veranth JM, Kodavanti UP, Aust AE, Pinkerton KE. Acute pulmonary and systemic effects of inhaled coal fly ash in rats:comparison to ambient environmental particles. Toxicological Sciences 2006;93(2):390-399. |
R832414C003 (2006) R832414C003 (2007) R832414C003 (2008) |
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Tebockhorst S, Lee DY, Wexler AS, Oldham MJ. Interaction of epithelium with mesenchyme affects global features of lung architecture:a computer model of development. Journal of Applied Physiology 2007;102(1):294-305. |
R832414C005 (2007) R832414C005 (2008) |
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ambient air, ozone, exposure, health effects, human health, metabolism, sensitive populations, infants, children, PAH, metals, oxidants, agriculture, transportation,
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ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT, Air, Scientific Discipline, Health, RFA, PHYSICAL ASPECTS, Risk Assessment, Risk Assessments, Health Risk Assessment, Physical Processes, Biochemistry, particulate matter, Environmental Chemistry, exposure assessment, cardiovascular disease, chemical characteristics, particulate matter components, cardiopulmonary responses, human health risk, acute cardiovascular effects, human health effects, atmospheric particulate matter, exposure, airborne particulate matter, human exposure, PM
Progress and Final Reports:
2006 Progress Report
2007 Progress Report
Subprojects under this Center:
(EPA does not fund or establish subprojects; EPA awards and manages the overall grant for this center).
R832414C001 Project 1 -- Pulmonary Metabolic Response
R832414C002 Endothelial Cell Responses to PM—In Vitro and In Vivo
R832414C003 Project 3 -- Inhalation Exposure Assessment of San Joaquin Valley Aerosol
R832414C004 Project 4 -- Transport and Fate Particles
R832414C005 Project 5 -- Architecture Development and Particle Deposition