Benzidine Quickview (CASRN 92-87-5)

Status of Data for Benzidine

File First On-Line: 03/31/1987; Last Significant Revision: 07/01/1991

Category (section)	Status	Last Revised
Oral RfD Assessment	On-line	02/01/1995
Inhalation RfC Assessment	Message	07/01/1991
Carcinogenicity Assessment	On-line	07/01/1993

Synonyms

92-87-5 Benzidin Benzidina Benzidine Benzydyna

4,4'-Bianiline p,p'-Bianiline (1,1'-Biphenyl)-4,4'-diamine 4,4'-Biphenyldiamine more...

Chronic Health Hazard Assessments for Noncarcinogenic Effects

Reference Dose for Chronic Oral Exposure (RfD)

Critical Effect	Point of Departure*	UF	MF	RfD
Brain cell vacuolization; liver cell alterations in females	LOAEL : 2.7 mg/kg-day	1000	1	3 x10-3 mg/kg-day

* The Point of Departure listed serves as a basis from which the Oral RfD was derived. See Discussion of Conversion Factors and Assumptions for more details.

• Principal and Supporting Studies (Oral RfD)
  • Mouse chronic oral bioassay, Littlefield et al., 1983
• Confidence in the Oral RfD
  • Study -- Medium
  • Database -- Medium
  • RfD -- Medium

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Reference Concentration for Chronic Inhalation Exposure (RfC)

Information reviewed but value not estimated. See IRIS Summary.

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Carcinogenicity Assessment for Lifetime Exposure

• Weight-of-Evidence Characterization
  • A (Human carcinogen)
• Weight-of-Evidence Narrative:
  • Observation of increased incidence of bladder cancer and bladder cancer-related deaths in exposed workers
  • This may be a synopsis of the full weight-of-evidence narrative. See IRIS Summary.

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Quantitative Estimate of Carcinogenic Risk from Oral Exposure

Oral Slope Factor(s)	Extrapolation Method
2.3 x102 per mg/kg-day	One-hit with time factor, extra risk

Drinking Water Unit Risks
6.7x10-3 per ug/L

Risk Level	Concentration
E-4 (1 in 10,000)	2x10-2 ug/L
E-5 (1 in 100,000)	2x10-3 ug/L
E-6 (1 in 1,000,000)	2x10-4 ug/L

• Dose-Response Data (Carcinogenicity, Oral Exposure)
  • Tumor Type: Bladder tumors
  • Test Species: Human
  • Route: Inhalation, Occupational exposure
  • Reference: Zavon, 1973

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Quantitative Estimate of Carcinogenic Risk from Inhalation Exposure

Inhalation Unit Risk(s)	Extrapolation Method
6.7 x10-2 per ug/m3	One-hit with time factor, extra risk

Inhalation Concentrations at Specified Risk Levels

Risk Level	Concentration
E-4 (1 in 10,000)	2x10-3 ug/m3
E-5 (1 in 100,000)	2x10-4 ug/m3
E-6 (1 in 1,000,000)	2x10-5 ug/m3

• Dose-Response Data (Carcinogenicity, Inhalation Exposure)
  • Tumor Type: Bladder tumors
  • Test Species: Human
  • Route: Inhalation, Occupational exposure
  • Reference: Zavon, 1973