A group of bright spokes tightly cluster together in Saturn's B ring. The
spokes seen here generally all exhibit the same degree of shearing, or
tilting, but some deviations are apparent. In this image, the direction
to Saturn is downward; orbital motion is to the left.
Ring scientists are eager for data to help them understand and eventually
explain how these mysterious ring features are created. To that end,
Cassini has been directed to acquire movie sequences, like the one this
image is part of, that watch for these elusive radial structures.
This observation focused on the morning side of the rings, the side where
the rings are rotating out from Saturn's shadow. Spokes appear most
frequently at this location.
Also barely visible in this image are broader, much fainter but still
bright radial regions that extend over larger radial distances than the
spokes in the upper left. Where these fainter features cross ringlets in
the lower part of the image, slight variations in brightness are apparent.
These are probably due to tiny particles, possibly part of a former spoke,
that haven't yet settled down onto the ring plane.
Although their formation is still a subject of inquiry, scientists are
confident that the microscopic spoke particles are slightly electrically
charged and therefore are influenced by Saturn's magnetic field.
The brightness of the spokes, when combined with viewing geometry
information and estimates of their particle sizes can help researchers
determine the amount of material in the spokes--a crucial quantity to
constrain theories of spoke formation.
The image was taken in visible light with the Cassini spacecraft
narrow-angle camera on Sept. 28, 2006, at a distance of approximately 1.3
million kilometers (800,000 miles) from Saturn and at a
Sun-Saturn-spacecraft, or phase, angle of 147 degrees. Scale in the
original image was about 32 kilometers (20 miles) per pixel. The view has
been magnified by a factor of two.
The Cassini-Huygens mission is a cooperative project of NASA, the European
Space Agency and the Italian Space Agency. The Jet Propulsion Laboratory,
a division of the California Institute of Technology in Pasadena, manages
the mission for NASA's Science Mission Directorate, Washington, D.C. The
Cassini orbiter and its two onboard cameras were designed, developed and
assembled at JPL. The imaging operations center is based at the Space
Science Institute in Boulder, Colo.
For more information about the Cassini-Huygens mission visit
http://saturn.jpl.nasa.gov/home/index.cfm. The Cassini imaging team
homepage is at http://ciclops.org.
