Projects

SWINE VIRAL DISEASES PATHOGENESIS AND IMMUNOLOGY Appropriated (D)   Accession Number: 411523

TRANSMISSION, DIFFERENTIATION, AND PATHOBIOLOGY OF TRANSMISSIBLE SPONGIFORM ENCEPHALOPATHIES Appropriated (D)   Accession Number: 411467

PRION INFECTION OF TONGUE Reimbursable (R)   Accession Number: 411092

INFLUENZA PANDEMIC PREPAREDNESS Reimbursable (R)   Accession Number: 412532

DETECTION OF PRP**D IN TISSUE SAMPLES AND BODILY FLUIDS OF CATTLE FROM THE GERMAN BSE PATHOGENESIS STUDY Specific Cooperative Agreement (S)   Accession Number: 411017

IDENTIFICATION OF CATTLE WITH DIFFERENT GENOTYPES FOR BSE INOCULATION Specific Cooperative Agreement (S)   Accession Number: 409961

PRODUCTION OF TRANSGENIC MICE Specific Cooperative Agreement (S)   Accession Number: 412474

BSE PATHOGENESIS STUDY Specific Cooperative Agreement (S)   Accession Number: 408830

STUDY OF ATYPICAL BSE Specific Cooperative Agreement (S)   Accession Number: 408490

Publications

Knocked-out and still walking: prion protein-deficient cattle are resistant to prion disease - (Abstract)

Richt, J.A., Hamir, A.N., Kuroiwa, Y., Vargas, F., Kunkle, R.A., Schonenbrucher, H., Kanthasamy, A., Robl, J.E. 2008. Knocked-out and still walking: prion protein-deficient cattle are resistant to prion disease [abstract]. Rocky Mountain Prion Research Symposium. Paper No. 10.

Serial passage of sheep scrapie inoculum in Suffolk sheep - (Peer Reviewed Journal) - (17-Jul-08)

Prevalence of the prion gene E211K variant in U.S. cattle - (Peer Reviewed Journal)

Heaton, M.P., Keele, J.W., Harhay, G.P., Richt, J., Koohmaraie, M., Wheeler, T.L., Shackelford, S.D., Casas, E., King, D.A., Sonstegard, T.S., Van Tassell, C.P., Neibergs, H.L., Chase, C.C., Kalbfleisch, T.S., Smith, T.P., Clawson, M.L., Laegreid, W.W. 2008. Prevalence of the prion gene E211K variant in U.S. cattle. BioMed Central (BMC) Veterinary Research [journal online]. 4:25. Available: (http://www.biomedcentral.com/1746-6148/4/25).

Identification of a heritable polymorphism in bovine PRNP associated with genetic transmissible spongiform encephalopathy: evidence of heritable BSE - (Peer Reviewed Journal)

Nicholson, E.M., Brunelle, B.W., Richt, J.A., Kehrli, Jr., M.E., Greenlee, J.J. 2008. Identification of a heritable polymorphism in bovine PRNP associated with genetic transmissible spongiform encephalopathy: evidence of heritable BSE. PloS ONE. 3(8)3(8): e2912. Available: http://www.plosone.org/article/info%3Adoi%2F10.1371%2Fjournal.pone.0002912.

A sequencing strategy for identifying variation throughout the prion gene of BSE-affected cattle - (Peer Reviewed Journal)

Clawson, M.L., Heaton, M.P., Keele, J.W., Smith, T.P., Harhay, G.P., Richt, J., Laegreid, W.W. 2008. A sequencing strategy for identifying variation throughout the prion gene of BSE-affected cattle. BMC Research Notes [journal online]. 1:32. Available: http://www.biomedcentral.com/1756-0500/1/32.

A fluorescence based method, exploiting lipofuscin, for the real-time detection of central nervous system (CNS) tissues on bovine carcasses - (Peer Reviewed Journal)

Schonenbrucher, H., Adhikary, R., Mukherjee, P., Casey, T.A., Rasmussen, M.A., Maistrovich, F.D., Hamir, A.N., Kehrli, Jr., M.E., Richt, J.A., Petrich, J.W. 2008. A fluorescence-based method, exploiting lipofuscin, for real-time detection of central nervous system tissues on bovine carcasses. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry. Article 10.1021/jf0734368. Available: http://pubs.acs.org/cgi-bin/abstract.cgi/jafcau/asap/abs/jf0734368.html.

Development of realtime PCR for rapid detection and differentiation of field pseudorabies and vaccine viruses - (Peer Reviewed Journal)

Ma, W., Lager, K.M., Richt, J.,A. Stoffregen, W.C., Zhou, F., Janke, B.H., Yoon, K.J.. 2008. Development of real-time polymerase chain reaction assays for rapid detection and differentiation of wild-type pseudorabies and gene-deleted vaccine viruses. Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation. 20(4):440-447.

Association of a bovine prion gene haplotype with atypical BSE - (Peer Reviewed Journal)

Clawson, M.L., Richt, J., Baron, T., Biacabe, A., Czub, S., Heaton, M.P., Smith, T.P., Laegreid, W.W. 2008. Association of a bovine prion gene haplotype with atypical BSE. PLoS One [serial online]. 3(3):e1830. Available: http://www.plosone.org.

Experimental transmission of chronic wasting disease (CWD) of elk (Cervus elaphus nelsoni), white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus), and mule deer (Odocoileus hemionus hemionus) to white-tailed deer by intracerebral route - (Peer Reviewed Journal)

Hamir, A.N., Richt, J., Miller, J.M., Kunkle, R.A., Hall, S., Nicholson, E.M., Orourke, K.I., Greenlee, J.J., Williams, E.S. 2008. Experimental transmission of chronic wasting disease (CWD) of elk (Cervus elaphus nelsoni), white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus), and mule deer (Odocoileus hemionus hemionus) to white-tailed deer by intracerebral route. Veterinary Pathology. 45(3):297-306.

Preliminary observations on the experimental transmission of chronic wasting disease (CWD) from elk and white-tailed deer to fallow deer - (Peer Reviewed Journal)

Hamir, A.N., Kunkle, R.A., Nicholson, E.M., Miller, J.M., Hall, S.M., Schonenbrucher, H., Brunelle, B.W., Richt, J.A. 2008. Preliminary observations on the experimental transmission of chronic wasting disease (CWD) from elk and white-tailed deer to fallow deer. Journal of Comparative Pathology. 138(2-3):121-130.

Chronic wasting disease - (Abstract)

Bessen, R.A., Hamir, A.N., Richt, J.A., Young, A. 2007. Chronic wasting disease [abstract]. International Conference on Emerging Zoonoses. p. 37.

Bovine spongiform encephalopathy in Sweden: an H-type variant - (Peer Reviewed Journal)

Gavier-Widen, D., Noremark, M., Langeveld, J.P., Stack, M., Biacabe, A.B., Vulin, J., Chaplin, M., Richt, J.A., Jacobs, J., Acin, C., Monleon, E., Renstrom, L., Klingeborn, B., Baron, T.G. 2008. Bovine spongiform encephalopathy in Sweden: an H-type variant. Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation. 20(1):2-10.

Viral Reassortment and Transmission after Coinfection of Pigs with two Swine Influenza Viruses - (Abstract)

Ma, W., Lager, K.M., Fleckenstein, E.S., Lekcharoensuk, P., Janke, B.H., Vincent, A.L., Webby, R.J., Richt, J.A. 2007. Viral reassortment and transmission after coinfection of pigs with 2 swine influenza viruses [abstract]. Conference of Research Workers in Animal Diseases Annual Meeting. Paper No. 146. p. 147.

Fluorescence of tissues fluororophores such as lipofuscin as a possible basis for the detection of CNS tissues on bovine carcasses - (Abstract)

Schonenbrucher, H., Adhikary, R., Maistrovich, F., Casey, T.A., Rasmussen, M.A., Mukherje, P., Kehrli, Jr., M.E., Petrich, J.W., Richt, J.A, 2007. Fluorescence of tissues fluororophores such as lipofuscin as a possible basis for the detection of CNS tissues on bovine carcasses [abstract]. Conference of Research Workers in Animal Diseases Annual Meeting. Paper No. 66P. p. 104.

Prevalence of the prion gene E211K variant in U.S. cattle - (Abstract)

Heaton, M.P., Keele, J.W., Harhay, G.P., Richt, J., Koohmaraie, M., Wheeler, T.L., Shackelford, S.D., Casas, E., King, D.A., Sonstegard, T.S., Van Tassell, C.P., Neibergs, H.L., Chase, C.C., Kalbfleisch, T.S., Smith, T.P., Clawson, M.L., Laegreid, W.W. 2008. Prevalence of the prion gene E211K variant in U.S. cattle (abstract). Plant and Animal Genome XVI Conference. Poster No. P538.

Assessment of direct and indirect transmission of CWD from three cervid species to humans - (Abstract)

Zheng, M., Qing, L., Huang, S., Chen, F., Wang, M., Wang, L., Miller, M., Hamir, A.N., Richt, J.A., O'Rourke, K., Belay, E.D., Schonberger, L.B., Gambetti, P., Kong, Q. 2007. Assessment of direct and indirect transmission of CWD from three cervid species to humans [abstract]. Prion 2007. Paper No. FC5.8.

Ovarian tumor (OTU)-domain containing viral proteases evade ubiquitin- and ISG15-dependent innate immune responses - (Peer Reviewed Journal)

Frias-Staheli, N., Giannakopoulos, N.V., Kikkert, M., Taylor, S.L., Bridgen, A., Paragas, J., Richt, J.A., Rowland, R.R., Schmaljohn, C.S., Lenschow, D.J., Snijder, E.J., Garcia-Sastre, A., Virgin, H.W. 4th. 2007. Ovarian tumor domain-containing viral proteases evade ubiquitin- and ISG15-dependent innate immune responses. Cell Host and Microbe. 2(6):404-416.

Infection of the enteric nervous system by Borna Disease Virus (BDV) upregulates expression of Calbindin D-28k - (Peer Reviewed Journal)

Pfannkuche, H., Konrath, A., Buchholz, I., Richt, J.A., Seeger, J., Muller, H., Gabel, G. 2008. Infection of the enteric nervous system by Borna Disease Virus (BDV) upregulates expression of Calbindin D-28k. Veterinary Microbiology. 127(3-4):275-285.

Efficacy of intranasal administration of a truncated NS1 modified live influenza virus vaccine in swine - (Peer Reviewed Journal)

Vincent, A.L., Ma, W., Lager, K.M., Janke, B.H., Webby, R.J., Garcia-Sastre, A., Richt, J.A. 2007. Efficacy of intranasal administration of a truncated NS1 modified live influenza virus vaccine in swine. Vaccine. 25:7999-8009.

Preliminary observations on the experimental transmission of chronic wasting disease (CWD) from elk and white-tailed deer to fallow deer (Dama dama) - (Abstract)

Hamir, A.N., Kunkle, R.A., Nicholson, E.M., Miller, J.M., Hall, S.M., Schonenbrucher, H., Brunelle, B.W., Richt, J.A. 2007. Preliminary observations on the experimental transmission of chronic wasting disease (CWD) from elk and white-tailed deer to fallow deer (Dama dama) [abstract]. European Society of Veterinary Pathology 25th Annual Meeting. Paper No. 49. p. 104.

Experimental transmission of U.S. scrapie agent by nasal, peritoneal and conjunctival routes to genetically susceptible sheep - (Peer Reviewed Journal)

Hamir, A.N., Kunkle, R.A., Richt, J.A., Miller, J.M., Greenlee, J.J. 2008. Experimental transmission of US scrapie agent by nasal, peritoneal, and conjunctival routes to genetically susceptible sheep. Veterinary Pathology. 45(1):7-11.

VIRUS VACCINE RESEARCH AT THE NATIONAL ANIMAL DISEASE CENTER: LESSONS FROM SWINE INFLUENZA VIRUS AND BOVINE VIRAL DIARRHEA VIRUS - (Abstract)

Kehrli, Jr., M.E., Vincent, A.L., Richt, J.A., Wesley, R.D., Lager, K.M., Ridpath, J.F., Kimura, K., Roth, J.A. 2007. Virus vaccine research at the National Animal Disease Center: lessons from swine influenza virus and bovine viral diarrhea virus [abstract]. The Changing Landscape of Vaccine Development: Vaccines for Global Health. The University of Texas Medical Branch, Sealy Center for Vaccine Development. p. 14

Experimental transmission of transmissible spongiform encephalopathies (scrapie, chronic wasting disease, transmissible mink encephalopathy) to cattle and their differentiation from bovine spongiform encephalopathy - (Proceedings/Symposium)

Hamir, A.N., Cutlip, R.C., Miller, J.M., Kunkle, R.A., Richt, J.A., Greenlee, J.J., Nicholson, E.M., Kehrli, Jr., M.E. 2007. Experimental transmission of transmissible spongiform encephalopathies (scrapie, chronic wasting disease, transmissible mink encephalopathy) to cattle and their differentiation from bovine spongiform encephalopathy. In: Proceedings of the World Association of Veterinary Laboratory Diagnosticians 13th International Symposium, November 11-14, 2007, Melbourne, Australia. p. 29.

Isolation of reassortant H2N3 avian/swine influenza virus from pigs in the United States - (Abstract)

Gramer, M., Goyal, S., Patnayak, D., Lager, K., Ma, W., Vincent, A., Richt, J., Webby, R. 2007. Isolation of reassortant H2N3 avian/swine influenza virus from pigs in the United States [abstract]. American Association of Veterinary Laboratory Diagnosticians 50th Annual Conference. p. 122.

Failure of protection and enhanced pneumonia with a US H1N2 swine influenza virus in pigs vaccinated with an inactivated classical swine H1N1 vaccine - (Peer Reviewed Journal)

Vincent, A.L., Lager, K.M., Janke, B.H., Gramer, M.R., Richt, J.R. 2008. Failure of protection and enhanced pneumonia with a US H1N2 swine influenza virus in pigs vaccinated with an inactivated classical swine H1N1 vaccine. Veterinary Microbiology. 126(4):310-323.

Experimental transmission of scrapie agent to susceptible sheep by intralingual and intracerebral inoculation - (Peer Reviewed Journal)

Hamir, A.N., Kunkle, R.A., Bulgin, M.S., Rohwer, R.G., Gregori, L., Richt, J.A. 2008. Experimental transmission of scrapie agent to susceptible sheep by intralingual and intracerebral inoculation. Canadian Journal of Veterinary Research. 72:63-67.

Experimental chronic wasting disease (CWD) in fallow deer - (Abstract)

Hamir, A.N., Kunkle, R.A., Nicholson, E.M., Miller, J.M., Hall, S.M., Schonenbrucher, H.H., Richt, J.A. 2007. Preliminary observations on the experimental transmission of chronic wasting disease (CWD) from elk and white-tailed deet to fallow deer [abstract]. Prion 2007. Paper No. PO2.43.

Age-related lesions in laboratory-confined raccoons (Procyon lotor) inoculated with the agent of chronic wasting disease of mule deer - (Peer Reviewed Journal)

Hamir, A.N., Kunkle, R.A., Miller, J.M., Cutlip, R.C., Richt, J.A., Kehrli, Jr., M.E., Williams, E.S. 2007. Age-related lesions in laboratory-confined raccoons (Procyon lotor) inoculated with the agent of chronic wasting disease of mule deer. Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation. 19(6):680-686.

Pathobiology and diagnosis of animal transmissible spongiform encephalopathies: current knowledge, research gaps, and opportunities - (Government Publication)

Kehrli, Jr., M.E., O'Rourke, K.I., Hamir, A.N., Richt, J.A., Nicholson, E.M., Silva, C.J., Edelman, D., Gay, C.G. 2007. Pathobiology and diagnosis of animal transmissible spongiform encephalopathies: current knowledge, research gaps, and opportunities [government white paper]. Beltsville, MD: Interagency Working Group on Prion Science, Subcommittee on Pathobiology and Diagnostics. USDA, Agriculture Research Service. 33 p.

BSE: description of typical and atypical cases - (Proceedings/Symposium)

Richt, J. 2007. BSE: description of typical and atypical cases. In: Proceedings of the American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine. 2007 ACVIM Forum, June 6-9, 2007, Seattle, Washington. Paper No. 159.

Cross-species transmission of TSE - (Proceedings/Symposium)

Richt, J.A., Hamir, A.N., Kunkle, R.A., Nicholson, E.M., Greenlee, J.J. 2007. Cross-species transmission of TSE. In: Proceedings of the American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine. 2007 ACVIM Forum, June 6-9, 2007, Seattle, Washington. Paper No. 160.

Susceptibility of cattle to first-passage intracerebral inoculation with chronic wasting disease agent from white-tailed deer - (Peer Reviewed Journal)

Hamir, A.N., Miller, J.M., Kunkle, R.A., Hall, S.M., Richt, J.A. 2007. Susceptibility of cattle to first-passage intracerebral inoculation with chronic wasting disease agent from white-tailed deer. Veterinary Pathology. 44:487-493.

EXPOSURE OF SHEEP SCRAPIE BRAIN HOMOGENATE TO RUMEN-SIMULATING CONDITIONS DOES NOT RESULT IN A REDUCTION OF PRP**SC LEVELS - (Peer Reviewed Journal)

Nicholson, E.M., Richt, J.A., Rasmussen, M.A., Hamir, A.N., Lebepe-Mazur, S, Horst, R.L. 2007. Exposure of sheep scrapie brain homogenate to rumen-simulating conditions does not result in a reduction of PrP**sc levels. Letters in Applied Microbiology. 44:631-636.

TRANSMISSION OF CHRONIC WASTING DISEASE OF MULE DEER TO SUFFOLK SHEEP FOLLOWING INTRACEREBRAL INOCULATION - (Abstract)

Hamir, A.N., Kunkle, R.A., Cutlip, R.C., Miller, J.M., Williams, E.S., Richt, J.A. 2006. Transmission of chronic wasting disease of mule deer to Suffolk sheep following intracerebral inoculation [abstract]. Conference of Research Workers in Animal Diseases 87th Annual Meeting. Paper No. P34. p. 108.

The role of avian/human-like influenza polymerase genes in the adaptation of influenza viruses to pigs - (Abstract)

Ma, W., Lekcharoensuk, P., Lager, K.M., Webby, R., Yoon, K., Janke, B.H., Richt, J.A. 2006. The role of avian/human-like influenza polymerase genes in the adaptation of influenza viruses to pigs [abstract]. Conference of Research Workers in Animal Diseases 87th Annual Meeting. Paper No. 180. p. 163.

Typical and atypical cases of bovine spongiform encephalopathy - (Abstract)

Richt, J. 2007. Typical and atypical cases of bovine spongiform encephalopathy [abstract]. Transmissible Spongiform Encephalopathy (TSE) Think Tank Executive Summary, Beef Industry Food Safety Council (BIFSCO), National Cattlemen's Beef Association (NCBA), November 1-2, 20006, Rohnert Park, California. Available: http://www.bifsco.org.

Production of cattle lacking prion protein - (Peer Reviewed Journal)

Richt, J.A., Kasinathan, P., Hamir, A.N., Castilla, J., Sathiyaseelan, T., Vargas, F., Sathiyaseelan, J., Wu, H., Matsushita, H., Koster, J., Kato, S., Ishida, I., Soto, C., Robl, J.M., Kuroiwa, Y. 2007. Production of cattle lacking prion protein. Nature Biotechnology. 25(1):132-138.

Identification and characterization of two bovine spongiform encephalopathy cases diagnosed in the United States - (Peer Reviewed Journal)

Richt, J.A., Kunkle, R.A., Alt, D., Nicholson, E.M., Hamir, A.N., Czub, S., Kluge, J., Davis, A.J., Hall, S.M. 2007. Identification and characterization of two bovine spongiform encephalopathy cases diagnosed in the United States. Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation. 19(2):142-154.

Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy: what is "Atypical BSE" and can we detect it? - (Abstract)

Richt, J.A. 2006. Bovine spongiform encephalopathy: what is "atypical BSE" and can we detect it [abstract]? United States Animal Health Association. p. 730.

INNATE CYTOKINE RESPONSES IN PORCINE MACROPHAGE POPULATIONS: EVIDENCE FOR DIFFERENTIAL RECONGITION OF DSRNA - (Peer Reviewed Journal)

Loving, C.L., Brockmeier, S., Wenjun, M., Richt, J., Sacco, R.E. 2006. Innate Cytokine Responses in Porcine Macrophage Populations: Evidence for Differential Recongition of dsRNA. Journal of Immunology. 177:8432-8439.

Analysis of activated immune cell populations in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid of pigs immunized and/or infected with SIV - (Abstract)

Kimura, K., Vincent, A.L., Richt, J.A., Lager, K.M., Roth, J.A., Kehrli, Jr., M.E. 2006. Effect of vaccination and/or challenge of swine influenza virus on the proportion of activated cells in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid [abstract]. Great Lakes International Imaging and Flow Cytometry Association. Paper No. 7.

Activation of microglia by Borna disease virus infection: in vitro study - (Peer Reviewed Journal)

Ovanesov, M.V., Sauder, C., Rubin, S.A., Richt, J., Nath, A., Carbone, K.M., Pletnikov, M.V. 2006. Activation of microglia by Borna disease virus infection: in vitro study. Journal of Virology. 80(24):12141-12148.

Vaccination of pigs against swine influenza viruses by using an NS1-truncated modified live-virus vaccine - (Peer Reviewed Journal)

Richt, J.A, Lekcharoensuk, P., Lager, K.M., Vincent, A.L., Loiacono, C.M., Janke, B.H., Wu, W.H., Yoon, K.J., Webby, R.J., Solorzano, A., Garcia-Sastre, A. 2006. Vaccination of pigs against swine influenza viruses by using an NS1-truncated modified live-virus vaccine. Journal of Virology. 80(22):11009-11018.

MANGANESE UPREGULATES CELLULAR PRION PROTEINS AND INHIBITS THE RATE OF PROTEINASE-K DEPENDENT LIMITED PROTEOLYSIS IN NEURONAL CELLS - (Abstract)

Choi, C.J., Anantharam, V., Nicholson, E., Richt, J., Kanthasamy, A., Kanthasamy, A.G. 2006. Manganese upregulates cellular prion proteins and inhibits the rate of proteinase-K dependent limited proteolysis in neuronal cells [abstract]. Society for Neuroscience. Paper No. 74.23.

INTRODUCTION: CONCEPTUALIZING AND PARTITIONING THE EMERGENCE PROCESS OF ZOONOTIC VIRUSES FROM WILDLIFE TO HUMANS - (Book/Chapter)

Childs, J.E., Richt, J.A., Mackenzie, J.S. 2007. Introduction: conceptualizing and partitioning the emergence process of zoonotic viruses from wildlife to humans. In: Childs, J.E., Mackenzie, J.S.; Richt, J.A., editors. Wildlife and Emerging Zoonotic Diseases: The Biology, Circumstances and Consequences of Cross-Species Transmission. Series: Current Topics in Microbiology and Immunology. Berlin Heidelberg: Springer-Verlag. 315:1-31.

IDENTIFICATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF U.S. BSE CASES - (Abstract)

Hall, S.M., Richt, J., Davis, A., Kluge, J., Simmons, M., Stack, M., Spencer, Y. 2006. Identification and characterization of U.S. BSE cases [abstract]. American Association of Veterinary Laboratory Diagnosticians. p. 56.

DEMONSTRATION OF H5N1 HIGHLY PATHOGENIC AVIAN INFLUENZA VIRAL ANTIGEN IN FORMALIN-FIXED AVIAN TISSUE SPECIMENS BY AN AVIDIN-BIOTIN IMMUNOHISTOCHEMISTRY PROCEDURE - (Abstract)

Wilson, A., Beckwith, N., Senne, D., Richt, J., Janke, B., Cavanaugh, D. 2006. Demonstration of H5N1 highly pathogenic avian influenza viral antigen in formalin-fixed avian tissue specimens by an avidin-biotin immunohistochemistry procedure [abstract]. American Association of Veterinary Laboratory Diagnosticians. p. 41.

EXPERIMENTAL TRANSMISSION OF CHRONIC WASTING DISEASE (CWD) OF ELK (CERVUS ELAPHUS NELSONI), WHITE-TAILED DEER (ODOCOILEUS VIRGINIANUS), AND MULE DEER (ODOCOILEUS HEMIONUS HEMIONUS) TO WHITE-TAILED DEER BY INTRACEREBRAL ROUTE - (Abstract)

Kunkle, R.A., Hamir, A.N., Miller, J.M., Hall, S.M., Richt, J.A., Greenlee, J.J., Williams, E.S. 2006. Experimental transmission of chronic wasting disease (CWD) of elk (Cervus Elaphus Nelsoni), white-tailed deer (Odocoileus Virginianus), and mule deer (Odocoileus Hemionus Hemionus) to white-tailed deer by intracerebral route [abstract]. United States Animal Health Association. p. 221.

EVALUATION OF HEMAGGLUTININ SUBTYPE 1 SWINE INFLUENZA VIRUSES FROM THE UNITED STATES - (Peer Reviewed Journal)

Vincent, A.L., Lager, K.M., Ma, W., Lekcharoensuk, P., Gramer, M.R., Loiacono, C., Richt, J.A. 2006. Evaluation of hemagglutinin subtype 1 swine influenza viruses from the United States. Veterinary Microbiology. 118(3-4):212-222.

INFLUENZA VACCINE RESEARCH AT THE NATIONAL ANIMAL DISEASE CENTER - (Proceedings/Symposium) - (30-Jun-06)

Transmission of chronic wasting disease of mule deer to Suffolk sheep following intracerebral inoculation - (Peer Reviewed Journal)

Hamir, A.N., Kunkle, R.A., Cutlip, R.C., Miller, J.M., Williams, E.S., Richt, J.A. 2006. Transmission of chronic wasting disease of mule deer to Suffolk sheep following intracerebral inoculation. Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation. 18(6):558-565.

TRANSMISSION OF CHRONIC WASTING DISEASE AGENT OF MULE DEER (CWD**MD) TO SUFFOLK SHEEP BY INTRACEREBRAL ROUTE - (Abstract)

Hamir, A., Kunkle, R., Cutlip, R., Miller, J., Williams, E., Richt, J. 2006. Transmission of chronic wasting disease agent of mule deer (CWD**md) to Suffolk sheep by intracerebral route [abstract]. European Society of Veterinary Pathology 24th Annual Meeting. Paper No. P63. p. 171-172.

BORNA DISEASE IN EQUINES - (Book/Chapter)

Richt, J.A., Grabner, A., Herzog, S., Garten, W., Herden, C. 2007. Borna disease. In: Sellon, D.C., Long, M.T., editors. Equine Infectious Diseases. St. Louis, MO: Saunders, Elsevier. p. 207-213.

VACCINATION OF PIGS AGAINST SWINE INFLUENZA VIRUSES USING A NS1-DELETED MODIFIED LIVE VACCINE - (Abstract)

Richt, J.A., Lekcharoensuk, P., Lager, K.M., Vincent, A.L., Ma, W., Loiacono, C.M., Wu, W.H., Webby, R.J., Solorzano, A., Garcia-Sastre, A. 2006. Vaccination of pigs against swine influenza viruses using a NS1-deleted modified live vaccine [abstract]. 13th International Conference on Negative Strand Viruses. Paper No. 277. p. 198.

IDENTIFICATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF U.S. BSE CASES - (Abstract)

Hall, S.M., Richt, J., Davis, A., Kluge, J., Simmons, M., Stack, M., Spencer, Y. 2006. Identification and characterization of U.S. BSE cases [abstract]. Prion Diseases of Domestic Livestock. p. 25.

THE ROLE OF AVIAN INFLUENZA POLYMERASE GENES IN THE ADAPTATION OF SWINE INFLUENZA VIRUS TO PIGS - (Abstract)

Ma, W., Lekcharoensuk, P., Lager, K.M., Webby, R., Yoon, K., Richt, J.A. 2006. The role of avian influenza polymerase genes in the adaptation of swine influenza virus to pigs [abstract]. American Society for Virology. Paper No. P30-5. p. 278-279.

FAILURE OF CROSS-PROTECTION BY INACTIVATED VACCINES FOR TWO U.S. H1 SWINE INFLUENZA VIRUS (SIV) ISOLATES - (Proceedings/Symposium)

Vincent, A.L., Lager, K.M., Gramer, M.G., Richt, J.A., Janke, B.H. 2006. Failure of cross-protection by inactivated vaccines for two U.S. H1 swine influenza virus (SIV) isolates. In: Proceedings of the 19th International Pig Veterinary Society Congress, July 16-19, 2006, Copenhagen, Denmark. p. 266.

INFLUENZA VIRUSES IN ANIMAL WILDLIFE POPULATIONS - (Book/Chapter)

Webby, R.J., Webster, R.G., Richt, J.A. 2007. Influenza viruses in animal wildlife populations. In: Childs, J.E., Mackenzie, J.S., Richt, J.A., editors. Wildlife and Emerging Zoonotic Diseases: The Biology, Circumstances and Consequences of Cross-Species Transmission. Series: Current Topics in Microbiology and Immunology. Berlin Heidelberg: Springer-Verlag. 315:67-83.

DETERMINATION OF SHEEP PRION GENE POLYMORPHISMS FROM PARAFFIN-EMBEDDED TISSUE - (Peer Reviewed Journal)

Kunkle, R.A., Miller, J.M., Alt, D.P., Cutlip, R.C., Cockett, N.E., Wang, S., Richt, J.A., Thomsen, B.V., Hall, S.M. 2006. Determination of sheep prion gene polymorphisms from paraffin-embedded tissue. Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation. 18(5):443-447.

EXPERIMENTAL TRANSMISSION OF TRANSMISSIBLE MINK ENCEPHALOPATHY (TME) TO CATTLE BY INTRACEREBRAL INOCULATION - (Abstract)

Hamir, A.N., Kunkle, R.A., Miller, J.M., Greenlee, J.J., Richt, J.A. 2006. Experimental transmission of transmissible mink encephalopathy (TME) to cattle by intracerebral inoculation [abstract]. 4th International Veterinary Vaccines and Diagnostics Conference. p. 89. Paper No. PO53.

CROSS-SPECIES TSE TRANSMISSION STUDIES AT NADC - (Abstract)

Hamir, A.N., Cutlip, R.C., Miller, J.M., Kunkle, R.A., Greenlee, J.J., Richt, J.A. 2006. Cross-species TSE transmission studies at NADC [abstract]. 4th International Veterinary Vaccines and Diagnostics Conference. p. 89. Paper No. PO52.

NOVEL SWINE INFLUENZA VIRUS SUBTYPE H3N1, UNITED STATES - (Peer Reviewed Journal)

Lekcharoensuk, P., Lager, K.M., Vemulapalli, R., Woodruff, M., Vincent, A.L., Richt, J.A. 2006. Novel swine influenza virus subtype H3N1, United States. Emerging Infectious Diseases. 12(5):787-794.

TRANSMISSIBLE SPONGIFORM ENCEPHALOPATHIES: DETECTION & DIAGNOSIS - (Book/Chapter)

Nicholson, E.M., Richt, J.A. 2003. Transmissible spongiform encephalopathies: detection & diagnosis. Encyclopedia of Animal Science [online]. 1(1). http://www.dekker.com/sdek/abstract~db=enc~content=a713617959.

TRANSMISSIBLE SPONGIFORM ENCEPHALOPATHIES: BIOLOGY AND DISEASE - (Book/Chapter)

Nicholson, E.M., Richt, J.A. 2006. Transmissible spongiform encephalopathies: biology and disease. Encyclopedia of Animal Science [online]. 1(1). Available: http://www.dekker.com/sdek/abstract~db=enc~content=a713617944.

EVALUATION OF NORTH AMERICAN HEMAGGLUTININ SUBTYPE 1 SWINE INFLUENZA ISOLATES - (Proceedings/Symposium)

Vincent, A.L., Lekcharoensuk, P., Ma, W., Gramer, M., Richt, J.A., Lager, K.M. 2005. Evaluation of North American hemagglutinin subtype 1 swine influenza isolates. 40th United States-Japan Cooperative Program in Natural Resources Panel of Animal and Avian Health Meeting. p. 7.

DEVELOPMENT OF A MULTIPLEX REAL-TIME PCR ASSAY FOR RAPID DETECTION AND DIFFERENTIATION OF PRV - (Abstract)

Ma, W., Lager, K., Richt, J., Yoon, K. 2005. Development of a multiplex real-time PCR assay for rapid detection and differentiation of PRV [abstract]. American Association of Veterinary Laboratory Diagnosticians 48th Annual Conference. p. 94.

ASSAY FOR PROLIFERATION OF PORCINE PBMC WITH OREGON GREEN 488 AND ITS APPLICATION FOR EVALUATION OF T CELL RESPONSIVENESS TO SWINE INFLUENZA VIRUS - (Abstract)

Kimura, K., Lager, K.M., Kehrli, Jr., M.E., Roth, J.A., Richt, J.A. 2005. Assay for proliferation of porcine PBMC with Oregon Green 488 and its application for evaluation of T cell responsiveness to swine influenza virus [abstract]. Great Lakes International Imaging and Flow Cytometry Association. Paper No. 10. p. 22.

SEROLOGIC AND PATHOGENIC EVALUATION OF NORTH AMERICAN HEMAGGLUTININ SUBTYPE 1 SWINE INFLUENZA ISOLATES - (Proceedings/Symposium)

Vincent, A.L., Lekcharoensuk, P., Ma, W., Gramer, M., Richt, J.A., Lager, K.M. 2006. Serologic and pathogenic evaluation of North American hemagglutinin subtype 1 swine influenza isolates. In: Proceedings of the American Association of Swine Veterinarians 2006 Annual Meeting, March 5-7, 2006, Kansas City, Missouri. p. 467-470.

NATURAL AND EXPERIMENTAL PRION DISEASES OF CATTLE - (Abstract)

Richt, J.A., Hamir, A.N., Kunkle, R.A., Nicholson, E.M., Greenlee, J.J., Miller, J.M., Cutlip, R., Davis, A.J., Hall, S.M. 2005. Natural and experimental prion diseases of cattle [abstract]. Third International Rushmore Conference on Enteric Diseases. Paper No. 14.

WHERE WE'VE BEEN AND WHERE WE'RE GOING WITH BSE TESTING IN THE UNITED STATES - (Abstract)

Hall, M.S., Richt, J.A., Davis, A.J., Levings, R.L. 2005. Where we've been and where we're going with BSE testing in the United States [abstract]. 48th Annual Meeting of the American Association of Veterinary Laboratory Diagnosticians. p. 20.

PRION INFECTION OF MUCOSAL TISSUE - (Abstract)

Bessen, R.A., Dejoia, C., Dlakic, W., Sorg, R., O¿Connell, K., Tucker, T., Kunkle, R.A., Hamir, A.N., Richt, J.A. 2005. Prion infection of mucosal tissue [abstract]. TSE Forum, Prion 2005: Between Fundamentals and Society's Needs. p. 31.

FIRST AND SECOND CATTLE PASSAGE OF TRANSMISSIBLE MINK ENCEPHALOPATHY (TME) BY INTRACEREBRAL INOCULATION - (Peer Reviewed Journal)

Hamir, A.N., Kunkle, R.A., Miller, J.M., Bartz, J.C., Richt, J.A. 2006. First and second cattle passage of transmissible mink encephalopathy (TME) by intracerebral inoculation. Veterinary Pathology. 43(2):118-126.

TSE RESEARCH AT THE NATIONAL ANIMAL DISEASE CENTER - (Government Publication)

Richt, J. 2005. TSE research at the National Animal Disease Center. In: Proceedings of the Interagency Working Group (IWG) on Prion Science, August 8, 2005, Beltsville, Maryland. 2005 CDROM.

EXPERIMENTAL SECOND PASSAGE OF CHRONIC WASTING DISEASE (CWD(MULE DEER)) AGENT TO CATTLE - (Peer Reviewed Journal)

Hamir, A.N., Kunkle, R.A., Miller, J.M., Greenlee, J.J., Richt, J.A. 2006. Experimental second passage of chronic wasting disease (CWD(mule deer)) agent to cattle. Journal of Comparative Pathology. 134(1):63-69.

MATURATION OF BORNA DISEASE VIRUS GLYCOPROTEIN - (Peer Reviewed Journal)

Eickmann, M., Kiermayer, S., Kraus, I., Gossl, M., Richt, J., Garten, W. 2005. Maturation of Borna disease virus glycoprotein. FEBS Lett. 579(21):4751-4756.

EXPERIMENTAL TRANSMISSION OF TRANSMISSIBLE MINK ENCEPHALOPATHY (TME) TO CATTLE BY INTRACEREBRAL INOCULATION - (Abstract)

Hamir, A.N., Kunkle, R.A., Miller, J.M., Bartz, J.C., Richt, J.A. 2005. Experimental transmission of transmissible mink encephalopathy (TME) to cattle by intracerebral inoculation [abstract]. American College of Veterinary Pathologists Meeting. 42:706.

PRION INFECTION OF MUCOSAL TISSUE - (Abstract)

Bessen, R.A., Dejoia, C., Dlakic, W., Sorg, R., O'Connell, K., Tucker, T., Hamir, A.N., Richt, J.A., Rocke, T. 2005. Prion infection of mucosal tissue [abstract]. 2nd International Chronic Wasting Disease Symposium. p. 38.

EXPERIMENTAL TRANSMISSION OF TRANSMISSIBLE SPONGIFORM ENCEPHALOPATHIES (TSE) AT THE NATIONAL ANIMAL DISEASE CENTER, AMES, IOWA: AN UPDATE - (Abstract)

Hamir, A.N., Cutlip, R.C., Miller, J.M., Kunkle, R.A., Greenlee, J.J., Richt, J.A. 2005. Experimental transmission of transmissible spongiform encephalopathies (TSE) at the National Animal Disease Center, Ames, Iowa: an update [abstract]. American Association of Veterinary Laboratory Diagnosticians. p. 169.

EVALUATION OF NORTH AMERICAN HEMAGGLUTININ SUBTYPE 1 SWINE INFLUENZA ISOLATES - (Abstract)

Vincent, A.L., Lekcharoensuk, P., Ma, W., Gramer, M., Richt, J.A., Lager, K.M. 2005. Evaluation of North American hemagglutinin subtype 1 swine influenza isolates [abstract]. International Congress of Virology. p. 44.

ESTABLISHMENT OF A PIG MODEL FOR THE 1930 H1N1 SWINE INFLUENZA VIRUS AND APPLICATION OF REVERSE GENETICS - (Abstract)

Lekcharoensuk, P., Vincent, A.L., Lager, K.M., Solorzano, A., Garcia-Sastre, A., Richt, J.A. 2005. Establishment of a pig model for the 1930 H1N1 swine influenza virus and application of reverse genetics [abstract]. International Congress of Virology. p. 42.

BIOCHEMISTRY OF PRION DISEASES - (Abstract)

Nicholson, E.M., Greenlee, J.J., Richt, J., Hamir, A.N., Kunkle, R.A., Kehrli, Jr., M.E. 2005. Biochemistry of prion diseases. Association of Analytical Communities International, Midwest Section [abstract]. Abstract No. 601. p. 38.

EXPRESSION OF ALLOGRAFT INFLAMMATORY FACTOR-1 AND HAEME OXYGENASE-1 IN BRAINS OF RATS INFECTED WITH THE NEUROTROPIC BORNA DISEASE VIRUS - (Peer Reviewed Journal)

Herden, C., Schluesener, H.J., Richt, J.A. 2005. Expression of allograft inflammatory factor-1 and haeme oxygenase-1 in brains of rats infected with the neurotropic Borna disease virus. Neuropathology and Applied Neurobiology. 31(5):512-21.

A MULTIPLEX FLUOROGENIC PCR ASSAY FOR RAPID DETECTION AND DIFFERENTIATION OF PSEUDORABIES VIRUS (AUJESZKY'S DISEASE VIRUS) - (Abstract)

Ma, W., Lager, K.M., Richt, J.A., Yoon, K. 2005. A multiplex fluorogenic PCR assay for rapid detection and differentiation of pseudorabies virus (Aujeszky's disease virus). Marker Vaccines and Differential Diagnostic Tests in Disease Control and Eradication, April 4-6, 2005, Ames, Iowa. p. 24.

MUTATIONS IN THE NS1 PROTEIN OF SWINE INFLUENZA VIRUS IMPAIRS ANTI-INTERFERON ACTIVITY AND CONFERS ATTENUATION IN PIGS - (Peer Reviewed Journal)

Solorzano, A., Webby, R.J., Lager, K.M., Janke, B.H., Garcia-Sastre, A., Richt, J.A. 2005. Mutations in the NS1 protein of swine influenza virus impair anti-interferon activity and confer attenuation in pigs. Journal of Virology. 79(12):7535-7543.

SECOND PASSAGE OF SHEEP SCRAPIE AND TRANSMISSIBLE MINK ENCEPHALOPATHY (TME) AGENTS IN RACCOONS (PROCYON LOTOR) - (Peer Reviewed Journal)

Hamir, A.N., Kunkle, R.A., Miller, J.M., Richt, J.A. 2005. Second passage of sheep scrapie and transmissible mink encephalopathy (TME) agents in raccoons (Procyon lotor). Veterinary Pathology. 42(6):844-851.

EXPERIMENTAL TRANSMISSION OF TRANSMISSIBLE SPONGIFORM ENCEPHALOPATHIES (TSES) AT THE NATIONAL ANIMAL DISEASE CENTER (NADC), AMES, IOWA, USA: AN UPDATE - (Abstract)

Hamir, A.N., Cutlip, R.C., Miller, J.M., Kunkle, R.A., Greenlee, J.J., Richt, J.A., Bartz, J. 2005. Experimental transmission of transmissible spongiform encephalopathies (TSEs) at the National Animal Disease Center (NADC), Ames, Iowa, USA: An update [abstract]. Annual Wildlife Disease Association Conference. p. 263.

EXPERIMENTAL TRANSMISSION OF CHRONIC WASTING DISEASE AGENT TO CATTLE BY INTRACEREBRAL ROUTE - (Peer Reviewed Journal)

Hamir, A.N., Kunkle, R.A., Cutlip, R.C., Miller, J.M., Orourke, K.I., Williams, E.S., Miller, M.W., Stack, M.J., Chaplin, M.J., Richt, J. 2005. Experimental transmission of chronic wasting disease agent to cattle by intracerebral route. Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation. 17:276-281.

DEFINITION OF BOVINE SPONGIFORM ENCEPHALOPATHY AND METHOD OF TESTING - (Government Publication)

Richt, J.A. 2005. Definition of bovine spongiform encephalopathy and method of testing. In: U.S.-Japan-BSE Technical Working Group. USDA-APHIS.

DIFFERENTIAL ROLE OF PRION PROTEIN IN OXIDATIVE STRESS- AND ER STRESS-INDUCED APOPTOTIC SIGNALING IN NEURAL CELLS - (Abstract)

Anantharam, V., Vorberg, I., Choi, C., Kanthasamy, A., Richt, J., Priola, S.A., Kanthasamy, A.G. 2005. Differential role of prion protein in oxidative stress- and ER stress-induced apoptotic signaling in neural cells [abstract]. Molecular Mechanisms of TSEs (Prion Diseases), Keystone Symposia. p. 39.

CHARACTERIZATION OF THE RECENT U.S. BSE CASE AND METHODS FOR SURVEILLANCE - (Proceedings/Symposium)

Richt, J.A., Kluge, J.P., Alt, D.P., Kunkle, R.A., Hamir, A.N., Czub, S., Davis, A.J., Hall, S.M. 2004. Characterization of the recent U.S. BSE case and methods for surveillance. In: Proceedings of the 108th Annual Meeting of the United States Animal Health Association, October 22-27, 2004, Greensboro, North Carolina. p. 91-92.

GENETIC AND SCRAPIE-ASSOCIATED DIFFERENCES IN PRPC EXPRESSION OF PERIPHERAL BLOOD B CELL SUBSETS - (Abstract)

Young, A.J., Elmubark, G., Nthale, J., Hamir, A.N., Richt, J. 2005. Genetic and scrapie-associated differences in PrPc expression of peripheral blood B cell subsets [abstract]. Molecular Mechanisms of TSEs (Prion Diseases), Keystone Symposia. p. 61.

SWINE INFLUENZA: DIVERSITY OF U.S. VIRUS ISOLATES AND NOVEL VACCINE APPROACHES - (Proceedings/Symposium)

Richt, J.A., Lager, K.M., Lekcharoensuk, P., Janke, B.H., Solorzano, A., Garcia-Sastre, A., Webby, R.J. 2004. Swine influenza: diversity of U.S. virus isolates and novel vaccine approaches. In: Proceedings of the Twelfth Annual Swine Disease Conference for Swine Practitioners, Iowa State University, November 11-12, 2004, Ames, Iowa. p. 40-44.

LOSS OF PRION PROTEIN IMMUNOREACTIVITY AFTER BOILING IN SATURATED CALCIUM HYDROXIDE SOLUTION - (Abstract)

Greenlee, J.J., Nicholson, E.M., Hamir, A.N., Richt, J.A., Kunkle, R.A., Noyes, G., Hotzapple, M.T., Kehrli Jr., M.E. 2005. Loss of prion protein immunoreactivity after boiling in saturated calcium hydroxide solution [abstract]. Keystone Symposia: Molecular Mechanisms of Transmissible Spongiform Encephalopathies. Poster No. 125.

SCRAPIE-ASSOCIATED ALTERATIONS IN THE COMPOSITION AND PRION PROTEIN EXPRESSION OF THE PERIPHERAL BLOOD B CELL POOL - (Abstract)

Young, A.J., Elmubark, G., Nthale, J., Hamir, A., Richt, J. 2004. Scrapie-associated alterations in the composition and prion protein expression of the peripheral blood B cell pool [abstract]. Conference of Research Workers in Animal Diseases. p. 130.

IDENTIFICATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF THE U.S. BOVINE SPONGIFORM ENCEPHALOPATHY CASE - (Abstract)

Richt, J.A., Kluge, J.P., Alt, D.P., Kunkle, R.A., Hamir, A.N., Czub, S., Davis, A.J., Hall, S.M. 2004. Identification and characterization of the U.S. bovine spongiform encephalopathy case [abstract]. Animal Prion Diseases and the Americas. p. 38.

EXPERIMENTAL TRANSMISSION OF CHRONIC WASTING DISEASE AGENT TO CATTLE BY INTRACEREBRAL ROUTE: FINAL OUTCOME OF THE STUDY - (Abstract)

Hamir, A.N., Kunkle, R.A., Richt, J.A., Cutlip, R.C., Miller, J.M., Orourke, K.I., Williams, E.S., Miller, M.W., Stack, M.J., Chaplin, M.J. 2004. Experimental transmission of chronic wasting disease agent to cattle by intracerebral route: final outcome of the study [abstract]. Animal Prion Diseases and the Americas. p. 78.

ESTABLISHMENT OF A REAL TIME-PCR BASED ASSAY FOR THE DETERMINATION OF OVINE PRP MRNA - (Abstract)

Nicholson, E.M., Young, A.J., Richt, J. 2004. Establishment of a real time-PCR based assay for the determination of ovine PrP mRNA [abstract]. Animal Prion Diseases and the Americas. p. 90.

PROTEOLYTIC ACTIVATION OF PKC-DELTA CONTRIBUTES TO OXIDATIVE- AND ER-STRESS INDUCED APOPTOTIC CELL DEATH IN PRP*SEN-OVEREXPRESSING MOUSE NEURONAL CELLS - (Abstract)

Anantharam, V., Vorberg, I., Choi, C., Kanthasamy, A., Richt, J.A., Priola, S.A., Kanthasamy, A.G. 2004. Proteolytic activation of PKC-delta contributes to oxidative- and ER-stress induced apoptotic cell death in PrP*sen-overexpressing mouse neuronal cells [abstract]. Animal Prion Diseases and the Americas. p. 48.

EXPERIMENTAL TRANSMISSION OF CHRONIC WASTING DISEASE AGENT TO CATTLE BY INTRACEREBRAL ROUTE: FINAL OUTCOME OF THE STUDY - (Abstract)

Hamir, A.N., Kunkle, R.A., Richt, J.A., Cutlip, R.C., Miller, J.M., O'Rourke, K.I., Williams, E.S., Miller, M.W., Stack, M.J., Chaplin, M.J. 2004. Experimental transmission of chronic wasting disease agent to cattle by intracerebral route: final outcome of the study [abstract]. Annual Conference of the American College of Veterinary Pathologists. 41:588.

EXPERIMENTAL TRANSMISSION OF SHEEP SCRAPIE BY INTRACEREBRAL AND ORAL ROUTES TO GENETICALLY SUSCEPTIBLE SUFFOLK SHEEP IN THE UNITED STATES - (Peer Reviewed Journal)

Hamir, A.N., Kunkle, R.A., Richt, J.A., Miller, J.M., Cutlip, R.C., Jenny, A.L. 2005. Experimental transmission of sheep scrapie by intracerebral and oral routes to genetically susceptible Suffolk sheep in the United States. Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation. 17(1):3-9.

IDENTIFICATION OF SWINE INFLUENZA VIRUS VIRULENCE FACTORS USING REVERSE GENETICS: A NOVEL APPROACH TO VACCINE DEVELOPMENT - (Proceedings/Symposium)

Solorzano, A., Webby, R.J., Lager, K.M., Janke, B.H., Richt, J. 2004. Identification of swine influenza virus virulence factors using reverse genetics: a novel approach to vaccine development. In: Proceedings of the 18th Congress of the International Pig Veterinary Society, June 27-July 2, 2004, Hamburg, Germany. p. 6.

THE NSI PROTEIN OF INFLUENZA A VIRUS IS A DETERMINANT OF VIRULENCE IN VIVO - (Abstract)

Solorzano, A., Webby, R.J., Lager, K.M., Richt, J.A., Garcia-Sastre, A. 2004. The NS1 protein of influenza a virus is a determinant of virulence in vivo. 23rd Annual Meeting of the American Society for Virology. Paper No. W34-3.

IDENTIFICATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF THE BOVINE SPONGIFORM ENCEPHALOPATHY CASE DIAGNOSED IN THE U.S. - (Abstract)

Richt, J.A., Kluge, J.P., Alt, D.P., Kunkle, R.A., Hamir, A.N., Czub, S., Davis, A.J., Hall, S.M. 2004. Identification and characterization of the bovine spongiform encephalopathy case diagnosed in the United States [Abstract]. XXth International Winter Meeting of the Swiss Society of Neuropathology. Paper No. 13, p. 29.

REAL-TIME RT-PCR ASSAYS FOR THE DETECTION AND DIFFERENTIATION OF NORTH AMERICAN SWINE INFLUENZA VIRUSES - (Peer Reviewed Journal)

Richt, J.A., Lager, K.M., Clouser, D.F., Spackman, E., Suarez, D.L., Yoon, K.-J. 2004. Real-time RT-PCR assays for the detection and differentiation of North American swine influenza viruses. Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation. 16:367-373.

IDENTIFICATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF THE FIRST U.S. BOVINE SPONGIFORM ENCEPHALOPATHY CASE - (Abstract)

Richt, J.A., Kluge, J.P., Alt, D.P., Kunkle, R.A., Hamir, A.N., Czub, S., Davis, A.J., Hall, S. 2004. Identification and characterization of the first U.S. bovine spongiform encephalopathy case. Poster created for use by the USDA at a meeting with the Office of International Epizootics.

MOLECULAR ANALYSIS OF SCRAPIE AND CHRONIC WASTING DISEASE ISOLATES FROM THE U.S. - (Abstract)

Richt, J.A., Hamir, A.N., Hoover, E.A., Bartz, J.C., Bessen, R.A. 2003. Molecular analysis of scrapie and chronic wasting disease isolates from the U.S. [Abstract]. 46th Annual Meeting of the American Association of Veterinary Laboratory Diagnosticians. p. 61.

RAPID DETECTION OF SWINE VIRUSES USING REAL-TIME PCR ASSAYS - (Abstract)

RICHT, J., LAGER, K.M., SUAREZ, D.L., YOON, K.J. RAPID DETECTION OF SWINE VIRUSES USING REAL-TIME PCR ASSAYS. AMERICAN ASSOCIATION OF VETERINARY LABORATORY DIAGNOSTICIANS. 2003. ABSTRACT P. 150.

TRANSMISSION OF SHEEP SCRAPIE TO ELK (CERVUS ELAPHUS NELSONI) BY INTRACEREBRAL INOCULATION - (Abstract)

Hamir, A.N., Miller, J.M., Cutlip, R.C., Richt, J.A., Kunkle, R.A., O'Rourke, K.I., Jenny, A.L., Stack, M.J., Chaplin, M.J. 2003. Transmission of sheep scrapie to elk (Cervus elaphus nelsoni) by intracerebral inoculation. 46th Annual Meeting of the American Association of Veterinary Laboratory Diagnosticians. p. 210.

EXPERIMENTAL CROSS-SPECIES TRANSMISSION OF CHRONIC WASTING DISEASE (CWD-MULE DEER) TO DOMESTIC LIVESTOCK AT THE NATIONAL ANIMAL DISEASE CENTER: AN UPDATE - (Abstract)

Hamir, A.N., Cutlip, R.C., Miller, J.M., Richt, J.A., Kunkle, R.A., Williams, E., Stack, M.J., Chaplin, M.J., Miller, M., O'Rourke, K.I. 2003. Experimental cross-species transmission of chronic wasting disease (CWD-mule deer) to domestic livestock at the National Animal Disease Center: An update [Abstract]. 46th Annual Meeting of the American Association of Veterinary Laboratory Diagnosticians. p. 209.

WEST NILE VIRUS IN REINDEER (RANGIFER TARANDUS) - (Abstract) - (09-Oct-03)

SWINE INFLUENZA VIRUSES IN THE UNITED STATES: ROLE OF AVIAN INFLUENZA VIRUS GENE PRODUCTS IN EMERGENCE OF NEW SWINE GENOTYPES - (Abstract)

Webby, R.J., Lager, K.M., Janke, B.H., Richt, J. 2003. Swine influenza viruses in the United States: role of avian influenza virus gene products in emergence of new swine genotypes. 4th International Conference on Emerging Zoonoses. p. 45.

TRANSMISSION OF SHEEP SCRAPIE TO ELK (CERVUS ELAPHUS NELSONI) BY INTRACEREBRAL INOCULATION - (Abstract)

Hamir, A.N., Miller, J.M., Cutlip, R.C., Richt, J.A., Kunkle, R.A., O'Rourke, K.I., Jenny, A.L., Stack, M.J., Chaplin, M.J. 2003. Transmission of sheep scrapie to elk (Cervus elaphus nelsoni) by intracerebral inoculation [Abstract]. International Conference on Emerging Zoonoses. p. 92.

EXPERIMENTAL CROSS-SPECIES TRANSMISSION OF CHRONIC WASTING DISEASE TO DOMESTIC LIVESTOCK AT THE NATIONAL ANIMAL DISEASE CENTER: AN UPDATE - (Abstract)

Hamir, A.N., Cutlip, R.C., Miller, J.M., Richt, J.A., Kunkle, R.A., Williams, E., Stack, M., Miller, M.W., O'Rourke, K.I., Chaplin, M.J. 2003. Experimental cross-species transmission of chronic wasting disease to domestic livestock at the National Animal Disease Center: An update [Abstract]. International Conference on Emerging Zoonoses. p. 91.

A POTENTIAL ROLE FOR B CELL SUBSETS IN THE PATHOGENESIS OF SCRAPIE - (Abstract)

Young, A.J., Hamir, A.N., Richt, J.A. 2003. A potential role for B cell subsets in the pathogenesis of scrapie [Abstract]. Conference of Research Workers in Animal Diseases. p. 107.

SIV DIVERSITY: IMPLICATIONS FOR VACCINE EFFICACY - (Proceedings/Symposium)

Richt, J., Lager, K.M., Janke, B.H., Webby, R.J. SIV diversity: implications for vaccine efficacy. 2003. In: Proceedings of the 11th Annual Swine Disease Conference for Swine Practitioners, November 6-7, 2003, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa. P. 10-14.

EXPERIMENTAL CROSS-SPECIES TRANSMISSION OF CHRONIC WASTING DISEASE (CWD-MULE DEER) TO DOMESTIC LIVESTOCK AT THE NATIONAL ANIMAL DISEASE CENTER: AN UPDATE - (Abstract)

Hamir, A.N., Cutlip, R.C., Miller, J.M., Richt, J.A., Kunkle, R.A., Williams, E., Stack, M., Chaplin, M., Miller, M., O'Rourke, K.I. 2003. Experimental cross-species transmission of chronic wasting disease (CWD-mule deer) to domestic livestock at the National Animal Disease Center: An update [Abstract]. 52nd Annual Wildlife Disease Association Conference. p. 134.

TRANSMISSION OF SHEEP SCRAPIE TO ELK (CERVUS ELAPHUS NELSONI) BY INTRACEREBRAL INOCULATION - (Abstract)

Hamir, A.N., Miller, J.M., Cutlip, R.C., Richt, J.A., Kunkle, R.A., O'Rourke, K.I., Jenny, A.L., Stack, M.J., Chaplin, M.J. 2003. Transmission of sheep scrapie to elk (Cervus elaphus nelsoni) by intracerebral inoculation [Abstract]. 52nd Annual Wildlife Disease Association Annual Meeting. p. 135.

WEST NILE VIRUS INFECTION IN REINDEER (RANGIFER TARNADUS) - (Abstract) - (11-Aug-03)

SURVEY FOR SELECTED VIRAL DISEASES IN FERAL SWINE FROM SOUTH CAROLINA - (Abstract)

RICHT, J., STOFFREGEN, W.C., LAGER, K.M., WEBBY, R.J. SURVEY FOR SELECTED VIRAL DISEASES IN FERAL SWINE FROM SOUTH CAROLINA. DISEASES AT THE INTERFACE BETWEEN DOMESTIC LIVESTOCK AND WILDLIFE SPECIES. 2003. Abstract No. 16.

TRANSMISSION OF SHEEP SCRAPIE TO ELK (CERVUS ELAPHUS NELSONI) BY INTRACEREBRAL INOCULATION - (Abstract)

HAMIR, A.N., MILLER, J.M., CUTLIP, R.C., RICHT, J., KUNKLE, R.A., OROURKE, K.I., JENNY, A.L., STACK, M.J., CHAPLIN, M.J. TRANSMISSION OF SHEEP SCRAPIE TO ELK (CERVUS ELAPHUS NELSONI) BY INTRACEREBRAL INOCULATION. DISEASES AT THE INTERFACE BETWEEN DOMESTIC LIVESTOCK AND WILDLIFE SPECIES. 2003. ABSTRACT NO. 6.

EXPERIMENTAL CROSS-SPECIES TRANSMISSION OF CHRONIC WASTING DISEASE (CWD-MULE DEER) TO DOMESTIC LIVESTOCK AT THE NATIONAL ANIMAL DISEASE CENTER: AN UPDATE - (Abstract)

HAMIR, A.N., CUTLIP, R.C., MILLER, J.M., RICHT, J., KUNKLE, R.A., WILLIAMS, E., STACK, M., CHAPLIN, M., MILLER, M., OROURKE, K.I. EXPERIMENTAL CROSS-SPECIES TRANSMISSION OF CHRONIC WASTING DISEASE (CWD-MULE DEER) TO DOMESTIC LIVESTOCK AT THE NATIONAL ANIMAL DISEASE CENTER: AN UPDATE. DISEASES AT THE INTERFACE BETWEEN DOMESTIC LIVESTOCK AND WILDLIFE SPECIES. 2003. ABSTRACT NO. 8.

TRANSMISSION OF SHEEP SCRAPIE TO ELK (CERVUS ELAPHUS NELSONI) BY INTRACEREBRAL INOCULATION: FINAL OUTCOME OF THE EXPERIMENT - (Peer Reviewed Journal)

Hamir, A.N., Miller, J.M., Cutlip, R.C., Kunkle, R.A., Jenny, A.L., Stack, M.J., Chaplin, M.J., Richt, J.A. 2004. Transmission of sheep scrapie to elk (Cervus elaphus nelsoni) by intracerebral inoculation: Final outcome of the experiment. Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation. 16(4):316-321.

ATTENUATION OF AN H3N2 SWINE INFLUENZA VIRUS UTILIZING A REVERSE GENETICS APPROACH - (Proceedings/Symposium)

RICHT, J., LAGER, K.M., JANKE, B.H., GARCIA-SASTRE, A., WEBSTER, R., WEBBY, R.J. ATTENUATION OF AN H3N2 SWINE INFLUENZA VIRUS UTILIZING A REVERSE GENETICS APPROACH. PROCEEDINGS OF INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON EMERGING AND RE-EMERGING PIG DISEASES. 2003. p. 264-265.

WEST NILE VIRUS INFECTION IN REINDEER (RANGIFER TARANDUS) - (Peer Reviewed Journal)

Palmer, M.V., Stoffregen, W.C., Rogers, D.G., Hamir, A.N., Richt, J., Pedersen, D.D., Waters, W.R. 2004. West nile virus infection in reindeer (rangifer tarandus). Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation. 16(3):219-222.

PATHOGENIC AND ANTIGENIC PROPERTIES OF PHYLOGENETICALLY DISTINCT REASSORTANT H3N2 SWINE INFLUENZA VIRUSES CO-CIRCULATING IN THE UNITED STATES - (Peer Reviewed Journal)

RICHT, J., LAGER, K.M., JANKE, B.H., WOODS, R.D., WEBSTER, R.G., WEBBY, R.J. PATHOGENIC AND ANTIGENIC PROPERTIES OF PHYLOGENETICALLY DISTINCT REASSORTANT H3N2 SWINE INFLUENZA VIRUSES CO-CIRCULATING IN THE UNITED STATES. JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY. 2003. v. 41. p. 3198-3205.

ESTABLISHMENT OF A REAL-TIME PCR ASSAY FOR SWINE INFLUENZA VIRUSES - (Abstract) - (10-Nov-02)