2007 Annual Report 1a.Objectives (from AD-416) Perform replicated tests in two environments to determine if common agrichemicals selectively reduce genetic diversity in wild potato populations. 1b.Approach (from AD-416) Both in Peru and U.S.: Identify and collect individuals from wild potato species growing away from cultivated fields. Propagate clonally in the genebanks. Test individual plants for effects of common agrichemicals: On individual plants themselves, on germination of their seeds, and on viability of their pollen. Exchange materials and retest under the cooperator's conditions. 3.Progress Report This report serves to document accomplishments under a specific cooperative agreement between ARS and The International Potato Center (CIP), Lima, Peru. Additional details of research can be found in the parent project 3655-21000-039-00D. Evaluations continued in the highlands of central Peru, testing the effect of insecticides applied to wild species populations that grow in proximity to farmers’ fields. As previously observed, onset of flowering, pollen viability, duration of flowering, number of berries set, number of seeds, and number of tubers were affected by the application of the pesticide in some species. In the US, a test for in vitro pollen viability was developed for direct assessment of male fertility, and germination tests were conducted under simulated acid rain and copper contamination from mines. These results provide new information about the form and severity of human chemical impact on reproductive fitness of wild potato populations. It may be that wild potato populations growing close to human activity, although easily accessible for collection, have less genetic richness than those at more remote, isolated sites. This cooperative project was monitored by email correspondence and a site visit to Peru in May 2007.