Research and Development of Field Methods

Abraham, J.D., and Lucius, J.E., 2004,

Direct current resistivity profiling to study distribution of water in the unsaturated zone near the Amargosa Desert Research Site, Nevada: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2004-1319, 16 p.

Abraham, J.D., Smith, D.V., and Wright, D.L., 2001,

A survey of waste pits at the Idaho National Engineering and Environmental Laboratory using the new USGS prototype ATV towed VETEM platform, in Proceedings of the Symposium on the Application of Geophysics to Engineering and Environmental Problems (SAGEEP2001), Denver, Colorado, March 4-7, 2001: Environmental and Engineering Geophysical Society, p. 1-8.

Alpers, C.N., Taylor, H.E., Roth, D.A., Cain, D.J., Ball, J.W., Unruh, D.M., and Deleanis, P.D., 2000,

Study design--Field and laboratory methods, in Alpers, C.N., Taylor, H.E., and Domagalski, J.J., eds., Metals transport in the Sacramento River, California, 1996-97--Volume 1. Methods and data: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 99-4286, p. 19-37.

Alvarez, D., Petty, J., Huckins, J., Brumbaugh, W., Rostad, C.E., Furlong, E., Leiker, T., and Wemer, S., 2001,

Proof-of-concept field deployment of a prototype integrative sampling device for polar organic contaminants at the city of Columbia, Missouri, and Eagle Bluffs wetland complexes: U.S. Geological Survey Columbia Environmental Research Center Report.

Alvarez, D.A., Stackelberg, P.E., Petty, J.D., Huckins, J.N., Furlong, E.T., Zaugg, S.D., and Meyer, M.T., 2005,

Comparison of a novel passive sampler to standard water-column sampling for organic contaminants associated with wastewater effluents entering a New Jersey stream: Chemosphere, v. 61, no. 5, p. 610-622, doi:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2005.03.023.

Andraski, B.J., Sandstrom, M.W., Michel, R.L., Radyk, J.C., Stonestrom, D.A., Johnson, M.J., and Mayers, C.J., 2003,

Simplified method for detecting tritium contamination in plants and soil: Journal of Environmental Quality, v. 32, no. 3, p. 988-995.

Andraski, B.J., and Scanlon, B.R., 2002,

Thermocouple psychrometry, in Dane, J.H., and Topp, G.C., eds., Methods of Soil Analysis, Part 4, Physical Methods: Madison, Wisconsin, Soil Science Society of America, p. 609-642.

Andraski, B.J., Stonestrom, D.A., Michel, R.L., Halford, K.J., and Radyk, J.C., 2005,

Plant-based plume-scale mapping of tritium contamination in desert soils: Vadose Zone Journal, v. 4, p. 819-827, doi:10.2136/vzj2005.0052.

Archfield, S.A., and LeBlanc, D.R., 2005,

Comparison of diffusion- and pumped-sampling methods to monitor volatile organic compounds in ground water, Massachusetts Military Reservation, Cape Cod, Massachusetts, July 1999-December 2002: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2005-5010, 53 p.

Babiarz, C.L., Hurley, J.P., Krabbenhoft, D.P., Gilmour, C., and Branfireun, B.A., 2003,

Application of ultrafiltration and stable isotopic amendments to field studies of mercury partitioning to filterable carbon in lake water and overland runoff: The Science of the Total Environment, v. 304, no. 1-3, p. 295-303, doi:10.1016/S0048-9697(02)00576-4.

Baedecker, M.J., 1994,

Field and laboratory results--getting the whole picture, in Symposium on Intrinsic Bioremediation of Ground Water, Denver, Colorado, August 30-September 1, 1994: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, p. 41-46.

Baehr, A.L., Kauffman, L.J., Charles, E.G., Baker, R.J., Stackelberg, P.E., Ayers, M.A., and Zapecza, O.S., 1999,

Sampling throughout the hydrologic cycle to characterize sources of volatile organic compounds in ground water, in Morganwalp, D.W., and Buxton, H.T., eds., U.S. Geological Survey Toxic Substances Hydrology Program--Proceedings of the Technical Meeting, Charleston, South Carolina, March 8-12, 1999--Volume 3 of 3--Subsurface Contamination from Point Sources: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 99-4018C, p. 21-35.

Baehr, A.L., Kauffman, L.J., Perkins, K., and Nolan, B.T., 2003,

Estimating spatial variability of recharge in southern New Jersey from unsaturated-zone measurements: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 02-4288, 31 p.

Ball, J.W., 2003,

New cation-exchange method for field speciation of hexavalent chromium: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 006-03, 4 p.

Ball, J.W., and Izbicki, J.A., 2004,

Occurrence of hexavalent chromium in ground water in the western Mojave Desert, California: Applied Geochemistry, v. 19, p. 1123-1135, doi:10.1016/j.apgeochem.2004.01.011.

Ball, J.W., Izbicki, J.A., and Bullen, T.D., 2003,

Stable isotope variations of hexavalent chromium in ground water in the western part of the Mojave Desert, California, USA, in Fifth International Symposium on Applied Isotope Geochemistry, Heron Island, Australia, May 26-30, 2003.

Ball, J.W., and McCleskey, R.B., 2003,

A new cation-exchange method for accurate field speciation of hexavalent chromium: Talanta, v. 61, no. 3, p. 305-313, doi:10.1016/S0039-9140(03)00282-0.

Ball, J.W., and McCleskey, R.B., 2003,

A new cation-exchange method for accurate field speciation of hexavalent chromium: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 03-4018, 17 p.

Ball, J.W., Nordstrom, D.K., McCleskey, R.B., and To, T.B., 1999,

A new method for the direct determination of dissolved Fe(III) concentration in acid mine waters, in Morganwalp, D.W., and Buxton, H.T., eds., U.S. Geological Survey Toxic Substances Hydrology Program--Proceedings of the Technical Meeting, Charleston, South Carolina, March 8-12, 1999--Volume 1 of 3--Contamination from Hardrock Mining: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 99-4018A, p. 297-304.

Barber, L.B., 2002,

Long term fate of organic micro-pollutants in the subsurface environment, Cape Cod, Massachusetts--From field studies to experimentation, in Aiken, G.R., and Kuniansky, E.L., eds., U.S. Geological Survey artificial Recharge Workshop Proceedings, Sacramento, California, April 2-4, 2002: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 02-89, p. 34-37.

Barber, L.B., Antweiler, R.C., Brown, G.K., Keefe, S.H., Peart, D.B., Plowman, T.I., Roth, D.A., and Taylor, H.E., 2003,

Organic and trace element contaminants in water, biota, sediments, and semi-permeable membrane devices at the Tres Rios Demonstration Wetlands, Phoenix, Arizona: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 03-4129, 88 p.

Barber, L.B., II, 1987,

Influence of geochemical heterogeneity in a sand and gravel aquifer on the transport of nonionic organic solutes--Methods of sediment characterization, in Franks, B.J., ed., U.S. Geological Survey Program on Toxic Waste--Ground-Water Contamination--Proceedings of the third technical meeting, Pensacola, Florida, March 23-27, 1987: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 87-109, p. B-45-B-51.

Belaval, M., Lane, J.W., Jr, Lesmes, D.P., and Kineke, G., 2003,

Continuous-resistivity-profiling for coastal ground-water investigations--three case histories, in Proceedings of the Symposium on the Application of Geophysics to Engineering and Environmental Problems (SAGEEP), San Antonio, Texas, April 6-10, 2003: Environmental and Engineering Geophysical Society, p. CD-ROM, 14 p.

Bisdorf, R.J., 2002,

Schlumberger soundings at the Amargosa Desert Research Site, Nevada: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 02-0140.

Bisdorf, R.J., 1996,

Schlumberger soundings at the Norman Landfill, Norman, Oklahoma: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 96-668, 45 p.

Bisdorf, R.J., and Lucius, J.E., 1999,

Mapping the Norman, Oklahoma, landfill contaminant plume using electrical geophysics, in Morganwalp, D.W., and Buxton, H.T., eds., U.S. Geological Survey Toxic Substances Hydrology Program--Proceedings of the Technical Meeting, Charleston, South Carolina, March 8-12, 1999--Volume 3 of 3--Subsurface Contamination from Point Sources: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 99-4018C, p. 579-584.

Blevins, D.W., Wilkison, D.H., Silva, S.R., and Kelly, B.P., 1996,

Use of 15N to trace movement of nitrogen fertilizer at a field plot, in Morganwalp, D.W., and Aronson, D.A., eds., U.S. Geological Survey Toxic Substances Hydrology Program--Proceedings of the technical meeting, Colorado Springs, Colorado, September 20-24, 1993: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 94-4015, v. 1, p. 401-409.

Brooks, M.H., 1991,

Development and evaluation of a technique for measuring denitrification enzyme activity in nitrate-contaminated ground water: Golden, Colorado School of Mines, Department of Chemistry and Geochemistry, unpublished M.S. thesis, 94 p.

Brown, C.E., 1986,

Determination of rock properties by borehole geophysical and physical testing techniques and ground-water quality and movement, Durham Triassic Basin, North Carolina: U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 1432, 86 p.

Brumbaugh, W.G., Petty, J.D., Huckins, J.N., and Manahan, S.E., 1999,

Development of a passive integrative sampler for labile metals in water, in Morganwalp, D.W., and Buxton, H.T., eds., U.S. Geological Survey Toxic Substances Hydrology Program--Proceedings of the Technical Meeting, Charleston, South Carolina, March 8-12, 1999--Volume 1 of 3--Contamination from Hardrock Mining: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 99-4018A, p. 93-98.

Buchwalter, D.B., Cain, D.J., Clements, W.H., and Luoma, S.N., 2007,

Using biodynamic models to reconcile differences between laboratory toxicity tests and field biomonitoring with aquatic insects: Environmental Science and Technology, v. 41, no. 13, p. 4,821-4,828, doi:10.1021/es070464y.

Burton, B.L., Olhoeft, G.R., and Powers, M.H., 2004,

Frequency spectral analysis of GPR data over a crude oil spill, in Proceedings of the Tenth International Conference on Ground Penetrating Radar, Delft, The Netherlands, June 21-24, 2004: Delft University of Technology, p. 267-270.

Busenberg, E., and Plummer, L.N., 1992,

Use of chlorofluorocarbons (CCl3F and CCl2F2) as hydrologic tracers and age-dating tools--The alluvium and terrace system of central Oklahoma: Water Resources Research, v. 28, p. 2257-2283, 92WR01263, doi:10.1029/92WR01263.

Busenberg, E., and Plummer, L.N., 1991,

Chloroflurocarbons (CCl3F and CCl2F2)--Use as an age-dating tool and hydrologic tracer in shallow ground-water streams, in Mallard, G.E., and Aronson, D.A., eds., U.S. Geological Survey Toxic Substances Hydrology Program--Proceedings of the technical meeting, Monterey, California, March 11-15, 1991: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 91-4034, p. 542-547.

Busenberg, E., and Plummer, L.N., 1987,

pH measurement of low-conductivity waters: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 87-4060, 22 p.

Busenberg, E., Plummer, L.N., Cook, P.G., Solomon, D.K., Han, L.F., Gröning, M., and Oster, H., 2006,

Sampling and analytical methods (chapter 12), in IAEA, ed., Use of chlorofluorocarbons in hydrology--A guidebook: Vienna, International Atomic Energy Agency, p. 199-220.

Buszka, P.M., Barber, L.B., II, Schroeder, M.P., and Becker, L.D., 1994,

Determination of organic compounds downstream from a treated-wastewater discharge near Dallas, Texas, March 1987: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 93-4194, 19 p.

Buursink, M.L., and Lane, J.W., Jr, 1999,

Characterizing fractures in a bedrock outcrop using ground-penetrating radar at Mirror Lake, Grafton County, New Hampshire, in Morganwalp, D.W., and Buxton, H.T., eds., U.S. Geological Survey Toxic Substances Hydrology Program--Proceedings of the Technical Meeting, Charleston, South Carolina, March 8-12, 1999--Volume 3 of 3--Subsurface Contamination from Point Sources: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 99-4018C, p. 769-776.

Buursink, M.L., Lane, J.W., Jr., Clement, W.P., and Knoll, M.D., 2002,

Use of vertical-radar profiling to estimate porosity at two New England sites and comparison with neutron log porosity, in Symposium on the Application of Geophysics to Engineering and Environmental Problems, Proceedings, Las Vegas, Nevada, February 10-14, 2002: Environmental and Engineering Geophysical Society , CD-ROM, 12 p.

Carmody, R.W., Plummer, L.N., Busenberg, E., and Coplen, T.B., 1998,

Methods for collection of dissolved sulfate and sulfide and analysis of their sulfur isotopic composition: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 97-234, 91 p.

Carter, J.L., and Resh, V.H., 2001,

After site selection and before data analysis--sampling, sorting, and laboratory procedures used in stream benthic macroinvertebrate monitoring programs by USA state agencies: Journal of the North American Benthological Society, v. 20, no. 4, p. 658-682.

Chalmers, A., Nilles, M.A., Krabbenhoft, D.P., and Prestbo, E., 2005,

Analysis of mercury wet-deposition data collected with a newly designed sampler, Boston, Massachusetts metropolitan area, 2002-04: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2005-1368, 17 p.

Chapin, T.P., Nimick, D.A., Gammons, C.H., and Wanty, R.B., 2007,

Diel cycling of zinc in a stream impacted by acid rock drainage--Initial results from a new in situ Zn analyzer: Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, v. 133, no. 1-3, p. 161-167, doi:10.1007/s10661-006-9569-y.

Chapin, T.P., and Wanty, R., 2005,

Development of a solenoid pumped in situ zinc analyzer for environmental monitoring: Analytica Chimica Acta, v. 543, no. 1-2, p. 199-208, doi:10.1016/j.aca.2005.04.046.

Chapman, M.J., and Lane, J.W., Jr., 1996,

Use of directional borehole radar and azimuthal square-array D.C. resistivity methods to characterize a crystalline-bedrock aquifer, in Bell, R.S., and Cramer, M.H., eds., Symposium on the Application of Geophysics to Engineering and Environmental Problems, Keystone, Colorado, April 28-May 2, 1996: Wheat Ridge, Colo., Environmental and Engineering Geophysical Society, p. 833-842.

Church, P.E., Vroblesky, D.A., Lyford, F.P., and Willey, R.E., 2002,

Guidance on the use of passive-vapor-diffusion samplers to detect volatile organic compounds in ground-water-discharge areas, and example applications in New England: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 02-4186, 79 p.

Cleasby, T.E., Nimick, D.A., and Kimball, B.A., 2000,

Quantification of metal loads by tracer-injection and synoptic-sampling methods in Cataract Creek, Jefferson County, Montana: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 00-4237, 39 p.

Constantz, J., Cox, M.H., Sarma, L., and Mendez, G., 2003,

The Santa Clara River--The last natural river of Los Angeles, in Stonestrom, D.A., and Constantz, J., eds., Heat as a tool for studying the movement of ground water near streams: U.S. Geological Survey Circular 1260, p. 21-27.

Constantz, J., Cox, M.H., and Su, G.W., 2003,

Comparison of heat and bromide as ground-water tracers near streams: Ground Water, v. 41, no. 5, p. 647-656, doi:10.1111/j.1745-6584.2003.tb02403.x.

Constantz, J., Jasperse, J., Seymour, D., and Su, G., 2002,

Use of temperature to estimate streambed conductance, Russian River, California, in Kenny, J.F., ed., Ground water/surface water interactions, AWRA 2002 Summer Specialty Conference Proceedings, Keystone, Colorado, July 1-3, 2002: American Water Resources Association, p. 595-600.

Constantz, J., Jasperse, J., Seymour, D., and Su, G.W., 2003,

Heat tracing in the streambed along the Russian River of northern California, in Stonestrom, D.A., and Constantz, J., eds., Heat as a tool for studying the movement of ground water near streams: U.S. Geological Survey Circular 1260, p. 17-20.

Constantz, J., Niswonger, R., and Stewart, A.E., 1999,

The use of heat as a tracer to estimate recharge beneath streams and artificial recharge ponds, in Bartlett, R.D., ed., Artificial Recharge of Groundwater: American Society of Civil Engineers, p. 193-203.

Constantz, J., and Stonestrom, D.A., 2003,

Heat as a tracer of water movement near streams, in Stonestrom, D.A., and Constantz, J., eds., Heat as a tool for studying the movement of ground water near streams: U.S. Geological Survey Circular 1260, p. 1-6.

Constantz, J., Su, G.W., and Hatch, C., 2006,

Heat as a ground water tracer at the Russian River RBF facility, Sonoma County, California, in Hubbs, S.A., ed., Riverbank Filtration Hydrology: Dordrecht, Springer, p. 243-259, ISBN:978-1-4020-3937-9.

Constantz, J., and Thomas, C.L., 1997,

Stream bed temperature profiles as indicators of percolation characteristics beneath arroyos in the Middle Rio Grande Basin, USA: Hydrological Processes, v. 11, no. 12, p. 1621-1634, doi:10.1002/(SICI)1099-1085(19971015)11:12<1621::AID-HYP493>3.0.CO;2-X.

Constantz, J., and Thomas, C.L., 1996,

The use of streambed temperature profiles to estimate the depth, duration, and rate of percolation beneath arroyos: Water Resources Research, v. 32, no. 12, p. 3597-3602, 96WR03014, doi:10.1029/96WR03014.

Constantz, J., Tyler, S., and Kwicklis, E., 2003,

Temperature-profile methods for estimating percolation rates in arid environments: Vadose Zone Journal, v. 2, no. 1, p. 12-24, doi:10.2113/2.1.12.

Constantz, J.E., Stonestrom, D.A., Stewart, A.E., Niswonger, R.G., and Smith, T.R., 2001,

Analysis of streambed temperatures in ephemeral channels to determine streamflow frequency and duration: Water Resources Research, v. 37, no. 2, p. 317-328, 2000WR900271, doi:10.1029/2000WR900271.

Cook, P.G., and Böhlke, J.K., 2000,

Determining timescales for groundwater flow and solute transport, in Cook, P.G., and Herczeg, A., eds., Environmental tracers in subsurface hydrology: Boston, Kluwer Academic Publishers, p. 1-30.

Costa, J.E., Cheng, R.T., Haeni, F.P., Melcher, N., Spicer, K.R., Hayes, E., Plant, W., Hayes, K., Teague, C., and Barrick, D., 2006,

Use of radars to monitor stream discharge by noncontact methods: Water Resources Research, v. 42, no. 7, W07422, doi:10.1029/2005WR004430.

Costa, J.E., Spicer, K.R., Cheng, R.T., Haeni, F.P., Melcher, N.B., and Thurman, E.M., 2000,

Measuring stream discharge by non-contact methods--A proof-of-concept experiment: Geophysical Research Letters, v. 27, no. 4, p. 553-556.

Cox, M., Rosenberry, D., Su, G., Conlon, T., Lee, K., and Constantz, J., 2002,

Comparison of methods to estimate streambed seepage rates, in Kenny, J.F., ed., Ground Water/Surface Water Interactions, AWRA 2002 Summer Specialty Conference Proceedings, Keystone, Colorado, July 1-3, 2002: American Water Resources Association, p. 519-523.

Crowder, R., Paillet, F.L., and Hess, A.E., 1994,

High resolution flowmeter logging - a unique combination of borehole geophysics and hydraulics; part 1--Flowmeter techniques and equipment development, in Symposium on the Application of Geophysics to Engineering and Environmental Problems (Proceedings), Boston, Massachusetts: p. 361-380.

Curwick, P.B., 1988,

Use of dye tracing techniques to determine mixing and circulation in the loops and lakes of the lower Calcasieu River, in Mallard, G.E., ed., U.S. Geological Survey Toxic Substances Hydrology Program--Surface-Water Contamination--Proceedings of the technical meeting, Denver, Colorado, February 2-4, 1987: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 87-764, p. 67-70.

Dawson, C.B., Lane, J.W., Jr., White, E.A., and Belaval, M., 2002,

Integrated geophysical characterization of the Winthrop Landfill southern flow path, Winthrop, Maine, in Symposium on the Application of Geophysics to Engineering and Environmental Problems, Las Vegas, Nevada, February 10-14, 2002: Environmental and Engineering Geophysical Society, p. CD-ROM, 22 p.

Day-Lewis, F.D., Hsieh, P.A., and Gorelick, S.M., 2000,

Identifying fracture-zone geometry using simulated annealing and hydraulic-connection data: Water Resources Research, v. 36, no. 7, p. 1707-1721, 2000WR900073, doi:10.1029/2000WR900073.

Day-Lewis, F.D., Lane Jr., J.W., Harris, J.M., and Gorelick, S.M., 2003,

Time-lapse imaging of saline-tracer transport in fractured rock using difference-attenuation radar tomography: Water Resources Research, v. 39, no. 10, 1290, doi:10.1029/2002WR001722.

Day-Lewis, F.D., Lane Jr., J.W., Hsieh, P.A., and Gorelick, S.M., 2001,

Characterization of fractured-rock aquifers using radar, tracer, and hydraulic data, in Fractured Rock 2001 Conference, Proceedings, Toronto, Ontario, March 26-28, 2001: CD-ROM.

Delin, G.N., and Herkelrath, W.N., 2005,

Use of soil moisture probes to estimate ground water recharge at an oil spill site: Journal of the American Water Resources Association, v. 41, no. 6, p. 1259-1277, doi:10.1111/j.1752-1688.2005.tb03799.x.

Demcheck, D.K., 1988,

Field equipment and techniques for sampling metals and organic compounds in the lower Calcasieu River, in Mallard, G.E., ed., U.S. Geological Survey Toxic Substances Hydrology Program--Surface-Water Contamination--Proceedings of the technical meeting, Denver, Colorado, February 2-4, 1987: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 87-764, p. 71-72.

Duff, J.H., Murphy, F., Fuller, C.C., Triska, F.J., Harvey, J.W., and Jackman, A.P., 1998,

A mini drive point sampler for measuring pore water solute concentrations in the hyporheic zone of sand-bottom streams: Limnology and Oceanography, v. 43, no. 6, p. 1378-1383.

Duff, J.H., Toner, B., Jackman, A.P., and Triska, F.J., 2000,

Determination of groundwater discharge into a sand and gravel bottom river--A preliminary comparison of chloride dilution and seepage meter techniques: Internationale Vereinigung fur Theoretische und Angewandte Limnologie, v. 27, p. 1-6.

Dunkle, S.A., Plummer, L.N., Busenberg, E., Phillips, P.J., Denver, J.M., Hamilton, P.A., Michel, R.L., and Coplen, T.B., 1993,

Chlorofluorocarbons (CC13F and CC12F2) as age-dating tools and hydrologic tracers in shallow ground water of the Delmarva Peninsula, Atlantic Coastal Plain, USA: Water Resources Research, v. 29, p. 3837-3860.

Ebwurzel, B., Schlosser, P., Smethie Jr, W.M., Plummer, L.N., Busenberg, E., Michel, R.L., Weppernig, R., and Stute, M., 1994,

Dating of shallow groundwater--Comparison of the transient tracers 3H/3He chlorofluorocarbons and 85Kr: Water Resources Research, v. 30, p. 1693-1707.

Ellefsen, K.J., 1998,

Tomographic inversion of P-wave travel times for a weakly anisotropic medium, in Proceedings of the 4th SEGJ International Symposium, Tokyo, Japan, December 10-12, 1998: Tokyo, Japan Society of Exploration Geophysics, p. 91-96.

Ellefsen, K.J., and Leith, W., 1999,

Processing of seismic tomography data collected at Tunnel 160, Degelen Mountain, Kazakhstan: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 99-532, 17 p.

Ellefsen, K.J., and Wright, D.L., 2005,

Radiation pattern of a borehole radar antenna: Geophysics, v. 70, no. 1, p. K1-K11, doi:10.1190/1.1852779.

Ellis, G.S., Huckins, J.N., Rostad, C.E., Schmitt, C.J., Petty, J.D., and MacCarthy, P., 1995,

Evaluation of lipid-containing semipermeable membrane devices for monitoring organochlorine contaminants in the Upper Mississippi River: Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, v. 14, no. 11, p. 1875-1884.

Ellis, G.S., and Rostad, C.E., 1996,

Isolation of lipophilic organic contaminants along the upper Mississippi River using a semipermeable membrane device, in Morganwalp, D.W., and Aronson, D.A., eds., U.S. Geological Survey Toxic Substances Hydrology Program--Proceedings of the technical meeting, Colorado Springs, Colorado, September 20-24, 1993: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 94-4015, v. 1, p. 381-383.

Erdman, J.A., and Christenson, S., 2000,

Elements in cottonwood trees as an indicator of ground water contaminated by landfill leachate: Ground Water Monitoring and Remediation, v. 20, no. 1, p. 120-126.

Fend, S.V., Carter, J.L., and Kearns, F.R., 2005,

Relationships of field habitat measurements, visual habitat indices and land cover to benthic macroinvertebrates in urbanized streams of the Santa Clara Valley, California, in Brown, L.R., Gray, R., Hughes, R.M., and Meador, M.R., eds., The effects of urbanization on stream ecosystems (Symposium 47), Bethesda, Maryland: American Fisheries Society.

Fickin, J.H., Sonntag, W.H., and Boettcher, A.J., 1988,

Recent developments in downhole samplers for organic and volatile compounds in ground water, in Ragone, S.E., ed., U.S. Geological Survey Program on Toxic Waste--Ground-Water Contamination--Proceedings of the second technical meeting, Cape Cod, Massachusetts, October 21-25, 1985: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 86-481, p. F-5-F-8.

Fischer, J.M., Baker, R.J., Lahvis, M.A., and Baehr, A.L., 1996,

Determination of vapor-phase diffusion coefficients for unsaturated-zone sediments at a gasoline-spill site in Galloway Township, New Jersey, in Morganwalp, D.W., and Aronson, D.A., eds., U.S. Geological Survey Toxic Substances Hydrology Program--Proceedings of the technical meeting, Colorado Springs, Colorado, September 20-24, 1993: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 94-4015, v. 1, p. 35-41.

Franks, B.J., Goerlitz, D.F., and Baedecker, M.J., 1986,

Defining extent of a contaminant plume using onsite analytical techniques, in Petroleum Hydrocarbons and Organic Chemicals in Ground Water, Proceedings of the Second Conference of Prevention, Detection, and Restoration, Houston, Texas, 1985: National Water Well Association and American Petroleum Institute, p. 265-275.

Friefeld, B.M., Trautz, R.C., Kharaka, Y.K., Phelps, T.J., Myer, L.R., Hovarka, S.D., and Collins, D.J., 2005,

The U-tube--A novel system for acquiring borehole fluid samples from a deep geologic CO₂ sequestration experiment: Journal of Geophysical Research, v. 110, B10203, doi:10.1029/2005JB003735.

Gartner, J.W., and Cheng, R.T., 2001,

The promises and pitfalls of estimating total suspended solids based on backscatter intensity from acoustic Doppler current profiler, in Proceedings of the Seventh Federal Interagency Sedimentation Conference, Reno, Nevada, March 25-29, 2001: Subcommittee on Sedimentation, v. 1, p. III-119 - III-126.

Gartner, J.W., Cheng, R.T., Wang, P.F., and Richter, K., 2001,

Laboratory and field evaluations of the LISST-100 instrument for suspended particle size determinations: Marine Geology, v. 175, no. 1-4, p. 199-219, doi:10.1016/S0025-3227(01)00137-2.

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A vadose zone water fluxmeter with divergence control: Water Resources Research, v. 38, no. 8, p. 16-1 to 16-7, doi:10.1029/2001WR000816.

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Use of a standpipe to evaluate ground-water samplers, in Mallard, G.E., and Ragone, S.E., eds., U.S. Geological Survey Toxic Substances Hydrology Program--Proceedings of the technical meeting, Phoenix, Arizona, September 26-30, 1988: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 88-4220, p. 632.

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Characterization of a high-transmissivity zone by well test analysis--Steady state case: Water Resources Research, v. 31, no. 1, p. 27-37, 94WR01965, doi:10.1029/94WR01965.

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An improved method for field extraction and laboratory analysis of large, intact soil cores: Journal of Environmental Quality, v. 21, p. 259-263.

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A new method for the direct determination of dissolved Fe(III) concentration in acid mine waters: Environmental Science and Technology, v. 33, no. 5, p. 807-813, doi:10.1021/es980684z.

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Ground-penetrating radar--A tool for mapping reservoirs and lakes: Journal of Soil and Water Conservation, v. 46, no. 5.

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Airflows and turbulent flux measurements in mountainous terrain, Part 2--Mesoscale effects: Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, v. 125, p. 187-205, doi:10.1016/j.agrformet.2004.04.007.

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Selected field and analytical methods and analytical results in the Dutch Flats area, western Nebraska, 1995-99: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 00-413, 53 p.

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Chlorinated ethenes from ground water in tree trunks, in Morganwalp, D.W., and Buxton, H.T., eds., U.S. Geological Survey Toxic Substances Hydrology Program--Proceedings of the Technical Meeting, Charleston, South Carolina, March 8-12, 1999--Volume 3 of 3--Subsurface Contamination from Point Sources: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 99-4018C, p. 607-614.

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A direct immunoassay for detecting diatoms in ground water as an indicator of the direct influence of surface water: Journal of Applied Phycology, v. 17, no. 1, p. 81-90.

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Field methods for the determination of ground-water redox parameters: Ground Water Monitoring Review, v. 10, no. 4, p. 81-89.

Weeks, E.P., 1996,

Problems of field identification of preferential flow through fractured media, in Stevens, P.R., and Nicholson, J.J., eds., Joint U.S. Geological Survey, U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission workshop on research related to low-level radioactive waste disposal, May 4-6, 1993, National Center, Reston, Virginia; Proceedings: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 95-4015, p. 96-102.

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Biodegradation in contaminated aquifers--Incorporating microbial/molecular methods: Ground Water, v. 46, no. 2, p. 305-322, doi:10.1111/j.1745-6584.2007.00409.x.

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Acoustic and optical borehole-wall imaging for fractured-rock aquifer studies: Journal of Applied Geophysics, v. 55, no. 1-2, p. 151-159, doi:10.1016/j.jappgeo.2003.06.009.

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Cross-borehole flow tests and insights into hydraulic connections in fractured mudstone and sandstone, in Proceedings of the Symposium on the Application of Geophysics to Engineering and Environmental Problems (SAGEEP 2007), Denver, Colorado, April 1-5, 2007: Denver, Colo., Environmental and Engineering Geophysical Society, p. 1140-1152 (CD-ROM).

Williams, J.H., Lane, J.W., Jr., Singha, K., and Haeni, F.P., 2002,

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Offset vertical radar profiling: The Leading Edge (newsletter by The Society of Exploration Geophysicists), v. 22, no. 11, p. 1070-1076.

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Nanobots--A new paradigm for hydrogeologic characterization?: Ground Water, v. 43, no. 4, p. 462, doi:10.1111/j.1745-6584.2005.0079.x.

Wood, W.W., Rainwater, K.A., and Thompson, D.B., 1997,

Quantifying macropore recharge--Examples from a semi-arid area: Ground Water, v. 35, no. 6, p. 1097-1106.

Wood, W.W., and Sanford, W.E., 1995,

Chemical and isotopic methods for quantifying ground-water recharge in a regional, semi-arid environment: Ground Water, v. 33, no. 3, p. 458-468.

Wright, D.L., Abraham, J.D., Ellefsen, K.J., and Rossabi, J., 1998,

Borehole radar tomography and dielectric logging at the Savannah River site, in Proceedings of the Seventh International Conference on Ground-Penetrating Radar, Lawrence, Kansas, May 27-30, 1998: University of Kansas, Radar systems and Remote Sensing Laboratory, p. 539-544.

Wright, D.L., Abraham, J.D., Smith, D.V., and Hutton, S.R., 2001,

A high-resolution, short-range, directional borehole radar, in Proceedings of the Symposium on the Application of Geophysics to Engineering and Environmental Problems (SAGEEP2001), Denver, Colorado, March 4-7, 2001: Environmental and Engineering Geophysical Society, p. 1-15.

Wright, D.L., Cui, T.J., and Chew, W.C., 1998,

Progress on the very early time electromagnetic (VETEM) system, in Proceedings of the Seventh International Conference on Ground-Penetrating Radar, Lawrence, Kansas, May 27-30, 1998: University of Kansas, Radar Systems and Remote Sensing Laboratory, p. 159-164.

Wright, D.L., Grover, T.P., Ellefsen, K.J., Lane, J.W., Jr., and Kase, P.G., 1996,

Radar tomograms at Mirror Lake, New Hampshire--3D visualization and a brine tracer experiment, in Bell, R.S., and Cramer, M.H., eds., Symposium on the Application of Geophysics to Engineering and Environmental Problems, Keystone, Colorado, April 28-May 2, 1996: Wheat Ridge, Colo., Environmental and Engineering Geophysical Society, p. 565-575.

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The very early time electromagnetic (VETEM) system--first field test results, in Bell, R.S., and Cramer, M.H., eds., Proceedings of the Symposium on the Application of Geophysics to Engineering and Environmental Problems (SAGEEP '96), Keystone, Colorado, April 28-May 2, 1996: Environmental and Engineering Geophysical Society, p. 81-90.

Wright, D.L., and Nelson, P.H., 1993,

Borehole dielectric logging for environmental applications--A review and a time-domain laboratory experiment, in Hallenburg, J.K., ed., Transactions of the 5th Annual Symposium, Minerals and Geotechnical Logging Society, Tulsa, Oklahoma, October 24-28, 1993: Tulsa, Okla., The Minerals and Geotechnical Logging Society, The Society of Professional Well Log Analysts, p. T1- T23.

Wright, D.L., Olhoeft, G.R., and Watts, R.D., 1984,

Ground-penetrating radar studies on Cape Cod, in Conference on Surface and Borehole Methods in Ground Water Studies, San Antonio, Tex., February 7-9, 1984: Dublin, Ohio, National Water Well Association, p. 666-680.

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A VETEM survey of a former munitions foundry site at the Denver Federal Center, in Powers, M.H., Ibrahim, A.B., and Cramer, L., eds., Proceedings of the Symposium on the Application of Geophysics to Engineering and Environmental Problems (SAGEEP2000), Arlington, Virginia, February 20-24, 2000: Environmental and Engineering Geophysical Society, p. 459-468.

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Imaging and modeling new VETEM data, in Noon, D.A., Stickley, G.F., and Longstaff, D., eds., Proceedings of the Eighth International Conference on Ground Penetrating Radar, Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia, May 23-26, 2000: University of Queensland, Cooperative Research Centre for Sensor Signal and Information Processing (CSSIP), p. 146-150.

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New field and modeling results from a simulated waste pit using the enhanced very early time electromagnetic (VETEM) prototype system, in Powers, M.H., Cramer, L., and Bell, R.S., eds., Proceedings of the Symposium on the Application of Geophysics to Engineering and Environmental Problems (SAGEEP '99), Oakland, California, March 14-18, 1999: p. 811-820.

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Easier evaluation procedures--Core acquisition and an assessment of slug tests: Waterloo, Ontario, University of Waterloo, Department of Earth Sciences, unpublished M.S. thesis, 195 p.

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Theoretical evaluation of the transient response of constant head and constant flow-rate permeability tests: Geotechnical Testing Journal, v. 21, no. 1, p. 52-57.

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Use of soil extracts to define the extent of brine-impacted soils and bedrock at oil production site "B", Osage-Skiatook Project, northeastern Oklahoma, in Sublette, K., ed., 9th International Petroleum Environmental Conference Special Session--Fate and Transport of Brine and Hydrocarbon Releases in Soils and Water, Northeast Oklahoma, Albuquerque, New Mexico, October 22-25, 2002: IPEC, p. 12 pages.

Zimmerman, L.R., Thurman, E.M., and Bastian, K.C., 2000,

Detection of persistent organic pollutants in the Mississippi Delta using semipermeable membrane devices: The Science of the Total Environment, v. 248, no. 2-3, p. 169-179, doi:10.1016/S0048-9697(99)00540-9.

Zimmerman, L.R., Thurman, E.M., and Bastian, K.C., 1999,

Detection of persistent organic pollutants in the Mississippi Delta using semipermeable membrane devices, in Morganwalp, D.W., and Buxton, H.T., eds., U.S. Geological Survey Toxic Substances Hydrology Program--Proceedings of the Technical Meeting, Charleston, South Carolina, March 8-12, 1999--Volume 2 of 3--Contamination of Hydrologic Systems and Related Ecosystems: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 99-4018B, p. 367-379.

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