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PFOA Stewardship Program Baseline Year Summary Report

Background
Contents, Definitions in Table 1 and Table 2
Table 1 - U.S. Operations
Table 2 - Non - U.S. Operations

Release date: March 28, 2007

Background

As part of their commitment to the 2010/15 PFOA Stewardship Program, the eight participating companies agreed to submit baseline data on their facility emissions and product content of PFOA and related chemicals by October 31, 2006. Progress toward the goals of the program, including a 95 percent reduction in emissions and product content by 2010, will be measured against these baseline data.

EPA has summarized the baseline data submitted by all the participating companies in their public reports in the two tables that appear below. Additional information may be obtained by viewing the specific company reports in the EPA-HQ-OPPT-2006-0621 docket at http://www.regulations.gov, document numbers EPA-HQ-OPPT-2006-0621-0019 through 0030.

Please note that these tables present baseline year figures, not a report of current conditions. Accompanying their baseline data submissions, two companies, 3M/Dyneon and DuPont, also submitted information on the reductions in emissions and product content that they have already achieved. Both of these submissions can be found in docket EPA-HQ-OPPT-2006-0621 as documents EPA-HQ-OPPT-2006-0621-0022 and EPA-HQ-OPPT-2006-0621-0019, respectively. All of the companies will submit progress reports to the docket in October 2007 on reductions achieved to date from the baseline year figures, and EPA will post tables summarizing those progress reports to this website.

Contents of Table 1 and Table 2

In the Stewardship Program, companies were requested to provide data on both their United States and global operations. Table 1 contains data for manufacturing sites in the United States, and for products manufactured in the United States. Table 2 contains data for manufacturing sites located outside the United States, and for products that are manufactured outside the United States. The tables are posted lower down on this page.

Explanation of Table Entries

The following definitions of terms appearing in the tables below are intended to apply to these terms only as they are used within the context of the 2010/15 PFOA Stewardship Program.

Baseline year

As a means of measuring reductions, the PFOA Stewardship Program Guidance Document suggested that individual companies use year 2000 data as the baseline for their company's emissions and product content information. Companies that did not have year 2000 data available were to use as a baseline the nearest year for which data were available. In addition, to account for all of their operations or products, some companies used more than a single baseline year.

CBI

Confidential business information.

Fluoropolymer (abbreviated as FP)

A highly fluorinated polymer made by chaining together monomers containing fluorine. PFOA is currently used in the manufacturing process for most fluoropolymers. Examples of fluoropolymers include non-stick coatings on cookware; the membranes that make waterproof, breathable clothing; fire-resistant casings for plenum cable; fire and chemical-resistant tubing; and plumbing thread sealant tape.

Fully fluorinated (or perfluorinated)

A fully fluorinated or perfluorinated chemical is one in which all the carbon-hydrogen bonds in a chain have been replaced by carbon-fluorine ones. All fully fluorinated chemicals are man-made.

Higher homologue chemicals

PFOA is an eight-carbon chain length chemical. Chemicals similar in structure to PFOA but with nine or more carbons in the chain are higher homologues of PFOA.

Kg of release / kg of product produced

Ratio of total releases for a company to the total amount of fluoropolymer and telomer products it produced in association with these releases.

PFAC

Perfluoroalkyl carboxylate (PFAC) is a generic term used to describe a fully fluorinated carboxylic acid of any carbon chain length, including PFOA.

PFNA

Perfluorononanoic acid is a fully fluorinated, nine-carbon chain length carboxylic acid (C9) (CAS 375-95-1).

PFOA

Perfluorooctanoic acid is a fully fluorinated, eight-carbon chain length carboxylic acid (C8) (CAS 335-67-1).

Precursor

A chemical that can break down to form another chemical. For example, some residual monomer chemicals from the telomer manufacturing process, such as telomer alcohols and telomer iodides, are PFOA precursors because they may remain in the final product and can break down into PFOA.

Product

For the purpose of this program, the term "product" refers to basic fluorochemical substances or mixtures that are manufactured by the eight fluoropolymer and telomer companies. For example, the chemical substance polytetrafluoroethylene may be sold as a commercial chemical product in the form of a solid or as a diluted aqueous dispersion. Other fluoropolymers, fluorotelomer-based polymers, and telomer monomers that are in commerce would be included in the definition of "product" because they are commercial chemical substances. For example, they may be sold to formulators as constituents for incorporation into other formulated products such as inks, paints, cleaners, and surface treatment applications for carpets, textiles, leather, and paper. The final formulations themselves and the articles to which they may be applied -- such as carpet, textiles, and paper -- are not included in the definition of "product" for the purpose of reporting under the PFOA Stewardship Program.

Product content concentration

Concentration represents the ratio of estimated aggregate levels of chemical category (PFOA, and/or precursors and/or higher homologues) in all products to aggregate production volumes. It is not intended to represent the actual concentration of these substances in specific commercial products, which will vary over a range of products.

Releases to all media

Total quantity of chemical releases from a company's industrial sites to water, air and land, including landfills.

Telomer (or fluorotelomer)

A fluorinated compound produced by a specific polymer-making process called telomerization. PFOA is not used in the telomerization process. Most telomers are relatively small polymers, and are used in surface treatment products to make carpets, textiles, paper, stone, and leather able to resist soil, stains, grease, and water. Some are used as high performance surfactants in products that must flow evenly, such as paints, coatings, and cleaning products, fire-fighting foams for use on liquid fuel fires, or the extremely thin engineering coatings used in manufacturing semiconductors.

Please see the PFOA Stewardship Guidance Document for complete information on reporting.

Table 1 - U.S. Operations

Company Baseline Year Chemical Category Emissions Product Content
Releases to all media from FP and Telomer manufacturing (kg) kg of release / kg of product produced Dispersions (ppm wet-weight basis) Other Fluoropolymers (ppm dry-weight basis) Telomers (ppm dry-weight basis, unless stated otherwise)
Arkema

" "
1999

" "
PFOA and Higher Homologues

" "		 ›10,000-100,000
" "
For FP Production:
(›0.1-1) kg/100 kg

" "
›500-1,000

" "
›70-150

" "
Not Applicable

" "
Precursors
 Not Applicable
Asahi
2000
PFOA and Higher Homologues
5,230
For FP Production:
<1 kg / 100 kg
1,364
CBI
Not Applicable
Precursors
 Not Applicable
Ciba
2002
PFOA
30 kg
(total for emissions and product content)
Higher Homologues
27 kg
(total for emissions and product content)
Precursors
‹6 kg
(total for emissions and product content)
Clariant
2005
Not Applicable
Daikin
2000
PFOA
CBI
For FP Production:
0.14 kg / 100 kg
420
14
1
(wet-weight basis)
For Telomer Production:
8.4E-6 kg / 100 kg
Precursors and Higher Homologues
CBI
For Telomer Production:
0.034 kg / 100 kg
Not Applicable
Not Applicable
11,000
(wet-weight basis)
DuPont
2000,
2003*,
2004**
PFOA
49,400
Not Reported
970*
340
496 kg (global total product content in all product produced)** Direct precursors are C8 Telomer A iodide and the 8-2-8 Telomer B alcohol ester of PFOA
Precursors
CBI
CBI
Not Applicable
Not Applicable
65 kg (global total product content in all product produced)**
3M/Dyneon
1999
PFOA
1,700
For FP Production:
1 - 10 kg / 100 kg
4,300
Not Reported
Not Applicable
Solvay Solexis
2000
PFOA and PFOA Salts
1000 - 10,000
For FP Production:
0.1 - 1 kg/100 kg
1,500 - 1,700 (for PFOA, its Salts, and Higher Homologues)
140 - 170 (for PFOA, its Salts, and Higher Homologues)
Not Applicable
Higher Homologues
1000 - 10,000
For FP Production:
0.1 - 1 kg/100 kg
Precursors
Not Applicable
0
0
0

*, **: In the DuPont report, different baseline years were used for certain product lines. Figures marked with asterisks (*, **) correspond to the baseline years identified with matching asterisks in the second column.
"Not Applicable" indicates that the data element did not apply to the specific company's operations in the area covered by the table.
"Not Reported" indicates that the company did not provide a figure for the specific data element.

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Table 2 - Non - U.S. Operations

Company Baseline Year Chemical Category Emissions Product Content
Releases to all media from FP and Telomer manufacturing (kg) kg of release / kg of product produced Dispersions (ppm wet-weight basis) Other Fluoropolymers (ppm dry-weight basis) Telomers (ppm dry-weight basis, unless stated otherwise)
Arkema

" "
1999

" "
PFOA and Higher Homologues

" "
›1,000-10,000

" "
For FP Production:
(>0.1-1) kg/100 kg

" "
Not Applicable

" "
›70-150

" "
Not Applicable

" "
Precursors Not Applicable
Asahi
1999,
2000,
2004
PFOA and Higher Homologues
9,865
For FP Production:
<1 kg/100 kg
1,800
CBI
Negligible compared to precursors
Precursors
3,954
For Telomer Production:
<1 kg/100 kg
Not Applicable
Not Applicable
Average: 50% (range: 0-100%)
Ciba
2002
PFOA
456 kg (total for emissions and product content)
Higher Homologues
438 kg (total for emissions and product content)
Precursors
378 kg (total for emissions and product content)
Clariant
2005
 PFOA
< 10
For Telomer Production:
< ( 2.5E-4 kg / 100 kg )
Not Applicable
Not Applicable
< 5
(total product content)
Direct Precursors
< 5
For Telomer Production:
< ( 1.25E-4 kg / 100 kg )
Not Applicable
Not Applicable
< 100
(total product content)
Daikin
2000
PFOA
CBI
For FP Production:
0.27 kg/100 kg
2000
140
0.99 (wet-weight basis)
For Telomer Production: 8.4E-6 kg/100 kg
Precursors and Higher Homologues
CBI
For Telomer Production: 0.034 kg/100 kg
Not Applicable
Not Applicable
10,000 (wet-weight basis)
DuPont
2000,
2003*,
2004**
PFOA
19,500
Not Reported
1,040*
300
496 kg (global total product content in all product produced)** Direct precursors are C8 Telomer A iodide and the 8-2-8 Telomer B alcohol ester of PFOA
Precursors
CBI
CBI
Not Applicable
Not Applicable
65 kg (global total product content in all product produced)**
3M/Dyneon
2000
PFOA
14,400
For FP Production:
<1 kg/100 kg
1,600
 Not Reported
Not Applicable
Solvay Solexis
Not Applicable

*, **: In the DuPont report, different baseline years were used for certain product lines. Figures marked with asterisks (*, **) correspond to the baseline years identified with matching asterisks in the second column.
"Not Applicable" indicates that the data element did not apply to the specific company's operations in the area covered by the table.
"Not Reported" indicates that the company did not provide a figure for the specific data element.

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