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Vegetative Interceptor Zones for Containment of Heavy Metal Pollutants
EPA Grant Number: R825549C047Subproject: this is subproject number 047 , established and managed by the Center Director under grant R825549
(EPA does not fund or establish subprojects; EPA awards and manages the overall grant for this center).
Center: HSRC (1989) - Great Plains/Rocky Mountain HSRC
Center Director: Erickson, Larry E.
Title: Vegetative Interceptor Zones for Containment of Heavy Metal Pollutants
Investigators: Hetrick, B. A. , Erickson, Larry E. , Govindaraju, R. S. , Kalita, P. , Pierzynski, G. M. , Sweeney, D.
Institution: University of Northern Iowa , Kansas State University
EPA Project Officer: Manty, Dale
Project Period: September 1, 1995 through June 1, 2000
Project Amount: Refer to main center abstract for funding details.
RFA: Hazardous Substance Research Centers - HSRC (1989)
Research Category: Heavy Metal Contamination of Soil/Water
Description:
Objective:The objectives of this project are to assess optimum plant species for survival, growth, and containment of heavy metals; quantify the ability of mycorrhizal fungi to facilitate revegetation and plant tolerance to heavy metals; evaluate vegetative zones for dissipation and containment of heavy metal runoff and erosion; evaluate chemical changes in mine spoil material induced by the vegetation and soil amendments; and develop a physically based model for the movement of heavy metals in the presence of vegetation. Approach:
This study involved the installation of six treatments with four replications in a field study in Galena, KS. The treatments involved revegetation of chat, a Pb/Zn mine spoil material, with tall fescue. The chat was amended with cattle manure to provide plant nutrients, improve soil physical properties, and to help alleviate problems with Zn phytotoxicity. The treatments consisted of inoculation with mycorrhiza, periodic treatment with Benomyl fungicide to prevent natural invasion of mycorrhiza, and a treatment that was not inoculated and did not receive benomyl. Two controls were also established: manure amendment without plant growth and a treatment that did not receive manure, and consequently did not have any plant growth. Roots were checked periodically for evidence of mycorrhiza infection. Soil and plant samples were collected annually and ground cover and biomass production measurements were taken twice per year.
There was no indication that the mycorrhiza inoculation was successful. Standard root staining techniques utilizing Trypan failed to show infection by mycorrhiza. Genetic marker techniques suggested some infection had occurred, but not by the species used in the inoculum, and there was no relationship between infection and the original treatments applied to the plots. These results are in agreement with the observation that there were no treatment effects on biomass production, ground cover, or tissue composition.
Efforts to collect runoff from the plots were generally unsuccessful, both from natural rainfall events and using a rainfall simulator. The chat material had high infiltration rates that also varied considerably across the site, despite efforts to grade the site to a uniform condition prior to plot establishment. Runoff samples that were collected indicated that the runoff had total Cd and Pb concentrations that exceeded the respective MCLs.
Expected Results:Revegetation of Superfund and non-Superfund areas will be undertaken to stabilize the sites and reduce wind and water erosion from the tailings. Previous research by theseinvestigators and that of the Bureau of Mines has suggested that certain soil microorganisms, the mycorrhizal fungi, contribute significantly to and may be mandatory for survival and establishment of vegetation on mine spoils. Publications and Presentations:
Publications have been submitted on this subproject: View all 18 publications for this subproject | View all 900 publications for this center
Journal Articles:Journal Articles have been submitted on this subproject: View all 2 journal articles for this subproject | View all 188 journal articles for this center
Supplemental Keywords:heavy metals, interceptor zones, mycorrhizal fungi, Superfund, vegetation. , Ecosystem Protection/Environmental Exposure & Risk, Water, Scientific Discipline, Waste, RFA, Remediation, Analytical Chemistry, Hazardous Waste, Fate & Transport, Environmental Chemistry, Contaminated Sediments, Hazardous, Ecology and Ecosystems, Geochemistry, heavy metal contamination, heavy metals, biodegradation, fate and transport, phytoremediation, Superfund sites, acid mine drainage, contaminated sediment, contaminant transport, metals, contaminated soil, bioremediation, hazardous waste treatment, vegetation
Progress and Final Reports:
Final Report
Main Center Abstract and Reports:
R825549 HSRC (1989) - Great Plains/Rocky Mountain HSRC
Subprojects under this Center:
(EPA does not fund or establish subprojects; EPA awards and manages the overall grant for this center).
R825549C006 Fate of Trichloroethylene (TCE) in Plant/Soil Systems
R825549C007 Experimental Study of Stabilization/Solidification of Hazardous Wastes
R825549C008 Modeling Dissolved Oxygen, Nitrate and Pesticide Contamination in the Subsurface Environment
R825549C009 Vadose Zone Decontamination by Air Venting
R825549C010 Thermochemical Treatment of Hazardous Wastes
R825549C011 Development, Characterization and Evaluation of Adsorbent Regeneration Processes for Treament of Hazardous Waste
R825549C012 Computer Method to Estimate Safe Level Water Quality Concentrations for Organic Chemicals
R825549C013 Removal of Nitrogenous Pesticides from Rural Well-Water Supplies by Enzymatic Ozonation Process
R825549C014 The Characterization and Treatment of Hazardous Materials from Metal/Mineral Processing Wastes
R825549C015 Adsorption of Hazardous Substances onto Soil Constituents
R825549C016 Reclamation of Metal and Mining Contaminated Superfund Sites using Sewage Sludge/Fly Ash Amendment
R825549C017 Metal Recovery and Reuse Using an Integrated Vermiculite Ion Exchange - Acid Recovery System
R825549C018 Removal of Heavy Metals from Hazardous Wastes by Protein Complexation for their Ultimate Recovery and Reuse
R825549C019 Development of In-situ Biodegradation Technology
R825549C020 Migration and Biodegradation of Pentachlorophenol in Soil Environment
R825549C021 Deep-Rooted Poplar Trees as an Innovative Treatment Technology for Pesticide and Toxic Organics Removal from Soil and Groundwater
R825549C022 In-situ Soil and Aquifer Decontaminaiton using Hydrogen Peroxide and Fenton's Reagent
R825549C023 Simulation of Three-Dimensional Transport of Hazardous Chemicals in Heterogeneous Soil Cores Using X-ray Computed Tomography
R825549C024 The Response of Natural Groundwater Bacteria to Groundwater Contamination by Gasoline in a Karst Region
R825549C025 An Electrochemical Method for Acid Mine Drainage Remediation and Metals Recovery
R825549C026 Sulfide Size and Morphology Identificaiton for Remediation of Acid Producing Mine Wastes
R825549C027 Heavy Metals Removal from Dilute Aqueous Solutions using Biopolymers
R825549C028 Neutron Activation Analysis for Heavy Metal Contaminants in the Environment
R825549C029 Reducing Heavy Metal Availability to Perennial Grasses and Row-Crops Grown on Contaminated Soils and Mine Spoils
R825549C030 Alachlor and Atrazine Losses from Runoff and Erosion in the Blue River Basin
R825549C031 Biodetoxification of Mixed Solid and Hazardous Wastes by Staged Anaerobic Fermentation Conducted at Separate Redox and pH Environments
R825549C032 Time Dependent Movement of Dioxin and Related Compounds in Soil
R825549C033 Impact of Soil Microflora on Revegetation Efforts in Southeast Kansas
R825549C034 Modeling the use of Plants in Remediation of Soil and Groundwater Contaminated by Hazardous Organic Substances
R825549C035 Development of Electrochemical Processes for Improved Treatment of Lead Wastes
R825549C036 Innovative Treatment and Bank Stabilization of Metals-Contaminated Soils and Tailings along Whitewood Creek, South Dakota
R825549C037 Formation and Transformation of Pesticide Degradation Products Under Various Electron Acceptor Conditions
R825549C038 The Effect of Redox Conditions on Transformations of Carbon Tetrachloride
R825549C039 Remediation of Soil Contaminated with an Organic Phase
R825549C040 Intelligent Process Design and Control for the Minimization of Waste Production and Treatment of Hazardous Waste
R825549C041 Heavy Metals Removal from Contaminated Water Solutions
R825549C042 Metals Soil Pollution and Vegetative Remediation
R825549C043 Fate and Transport of Munitions Residues in Contaminated Soil
R825549C044 The Role of Metallic Iron in the Biotransformation of Chlorinated Xenobiotics
R825549C045 Use of Vegetation to Enhance Bioremediation of Surface Soils Contaminated with Pesticide Wastes
R825549C046 Fate and Transport of Heavy Metals and Radionuclides in Soil: The Impacts of Vegetation
R825549C047 Vegetative Interceptor Zones for Containment of Heavy Metal Pollutants
R825549C048 Acid-Producing Metalliferous Waste Reclamation by Material Reprocessing and Vegetative Stabilization
R825549C049 Laboratory and Field Evaluation of Upward Mobilization and Photodegradation of Polychlorinated Dibenzo-P-Dioxins and Furans in Soil
R825549C050 Evaluation of Biosparging Performance and Process Fundamentals for Site Remediation
R825549C051 Field Scale Bioremediation: Relationship of Parent Compound Disappearance to Humification, Mineralization, Leaching, Volatilization of Transformaiton Intermediates
R825549C052 Chelating Extraction of Heavy Metals from Contaminated Soils
R825549C053 Application of Anaerobic and Multiple-Electron-Acceptor Bioremediation to Chlorinated Aliphatic Subsurface Contamination
R825549C054 Application of PGNAA Remote Sensing Methods to Real-Time, Non-Intrusive Determination of Contaminant Profiles in Soils
R825549C055 Design and Development of an Innovative Industrial Scale Process to Economically Treat Waste Zinc Residues
R825549C056 Remediation of Soils Contaminated with Wood-Treatment Chemicals (PCP and Creosote)
R825549C057 Effects of Surfactants on the Bioavailability and Biodegradation of Contaminants in Soils
R825549C058 Contaminant Binding to the Humin Fraction of Soil Organic Matter
R825549C059 Identifying Ground-Water Threats from Improperly Abandoned Boreholes
R825549C060 Uptake of BTEX Compounds by Hybrid Poplar Trees in Hazardous Waste Remediation
R825549C061 Biofilm Barriers for Waste Containment
R825549C062 Plant Assisted Remediation of Soil and Groundwater Contaminated by Hazardous Organic Substances: Experimental and Modeling Studies
R825549C063 Extension of Laboratory Validated Treatment and Remediation Technologies to Field Problems in Aquifer Soil and Water Contamination by Organic Waste Chemicals