Military Technical Agreement
Between the International Security Force ("KFOR")
and the Governments of Federal Republic of Yugoslavia and the Republic
of Serbia
1. The Parties to this Agreement reaffirm the document presented by President Ahtisaari to President Milosevic and
approved by the Serb Parliament and the Federal Government on June 3, 1999, to include deployment in Kosovo under UN auspices
of effective international civil and security presences. The Parties further note that the UN Security Council is prepared to
adopt a resolution, which has been introduced, regarding these presences.
2. The State Governmental authorities of the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia and the Republic of Serbia
understand and agree that the international security force ("KFOR") will deploy following the adoption of the
UNSCR referred to in paragraph 1 and operate without hindrance within Kosovo and with the authority to take
all necessary action to establish and maintain a secure environment for all citizens of Kosovo and otherwise
carry out its mission. They further agree to comply with all of the obligations of this Agreement and to
facilitate the deployment and operation of this force.
3. For purposes of the Agreement, the following expressions shall have the meanings as described below:
4. The purposes of these obligations are as follows:
- To establish a durable cessation of hostilities, under no
circumstances shall any Forces of the FRY and the Republic of Serbia enter into3 reenter, or remain within the territory
of Kosovo or the Ground Safety Zone (GSZ) and the Air Safety Zone (ASZ) described in paragraph 3, Article I without the prior express
consent of the international security force ("KFOR") commander. Local police will be allowed to remain in the GSZ.
"The above paragraph is without prejudice to the agreed return of FRY
and Serbian personnel which will be the subject of a subsequent separate agreement as provided for in paragraph 6 of the document
mentioned in paragraph 1. of this Article.
- To provide for the support and authorization of the international security force ("KFOR") and in particular to authorize the international
security force ("KFOR") to take such actions as are required, including the use of necessary force, to ensure compliance with this
Agreement and protection of the international security force ("KFOR"), and to contribute to a secure environment for the international
civil implementation presence, and other international organizations, agencies, and non-governmental organisations
(details in Appendix B).
Article II
Cessation of Hostilities
1. The FRY Forces shall immediately, upon entry into force (ElF) of this Agreement, refrain from
committing any hostile or provocative acts of any type against any person in Kosovo and will order armed forces to
cease all such activities. They shall not encourage, organise or support hostile or provocative demonstrations.
2. Phased Withdrawal of FRY Forces (ground): The FRY agrees to a phased withdrawal of all FRY Forces from
Kosovo to locations in Serbia outside Kosovo. FRY Forces will mark and clear minefields, booby traps and obstacles. As they
withdraw, FRY Forces will clear all lines of communication by removing all mines, demolitions, booby traps, obstacles,
and charges. They will also mark all sides of all minefields. International security forces' ("KFOR") entry and deployment
into Kosovo will be synchronized. The phased withdrawal of FRY Forces from Kosovo will be in accordance with the sequence
outlined below:
- By ElF +1 day, FRY Forces located in Zone 3 will have vacated, via designated routes1 that Zone to
demonstrate compliance (depicted on the map at Appendix A to the Agreement). Once it is verified that FRY forces
have complied with this subparagraph and with paragraph 1 of this Article, NATO air strikes will be suspended.
The suspension will continue provided that the obligations of this agreement are fully complied with, and provided
that the UNSC adopts a resolution concerning the deployment of the international security force ("KFOR") so rapidly
that a security gap can be avoided.
- By ElF + 6 days, all FRY Forces in Kosovo will have vacated Zone 1 (depicted on the map at Appendix A
to the Agreement). Establish liaison teams with the KFOR commander in Pristina.
- By ElF + 9 days, all FRY Forces in Kosovo will have vacated Zone 2 (depicted on map at Appendix A to this Agreement).
- By ElF + 11 days, all FRY Forces in Kosovo will have vacated Zone 3 (depicted on map at Appendix A
to this Agreement).
- By ElF + 11 days, all FRY Forces in Kosovo will have completed their
withdrawal from Kosovo (depicted on map at Appendix A to this Agreement) to locations in Serbia outside Kosovo,
and not within the 5 km GSZ. At the end of the sequence (EIF+11), the senior FRY Forces commanders responsible for
the withdrawing forces shall confirm in writing to the international security force ("KFOR") commander that the FRY
Forces have complied and completed the phased withdrawal. The international security force ("KFOR") commander may
approve specific requests for exceptions to the phased withdrawal. The bombing campaign will terminate on complete
withdrawal of FRY Forces as provided under Article II. The international security force ("KFOR") shall retain, as
necessary, authority to enforce compliance with this Agreement.
- The authorities of the FRY and the Republic of Serbia will cooperate
fully with international security force ("KFOR") in its verification of the
withdrawal of forces from Kosovo and beyond the ASZ/GSZ.
- FRY armed forces withdrawing in accordance with Appendix A, i.e. in
designated assembly areas or withdrawing on designated routes, will not be subject to air attack.
- The international security force ("KFOR") will provide appropriate control of the borders of FRY in Kosovo with Albania
and FYROM1 until the arrival of the civilian mission of the UN.
1 Turkey recognises Macedonia by its constitutional name.
3. Phased Withdrawal of Yugoslav Air and Air Defense Forces (YAADF):
- At ElF + I day, no FRY aircraft1 fixed wing and rotary3 will fly in Kosovo airspace or over the ASZ without
prior approval by the international security force ("KFOR") commander. All air defence Systems, radar, surface-to-air missile and aircraft
of the Parties will refrain from acquisition, target tracking or otherwise illuminating international security force ("KFOR") air
platforms operating in the Kosovo airspace or over the ASZ.
- By ElF + 3 days, all aircraft, radars, surface-to-air missiles (including man-portable air defense systems (MANPADS))
and anti-aircraft artillery in Kosovo will withdraw to other locations in Serbia outside the 25 kilometer ASZ.
- The international security force ("KFOR") commander will control and co-ordinate use of airspace over Kosovo and the ASZ
commencing at ElF. Violation of any of the provisions above, including the international security force ("KFOR") commander's rules
and procedures governing the airspace over Kosovo, as well as unauthorized flight or activation of FRY Integrated Air Defense (lADS)
within the ASZ, are subject to military action by the international security force ("KFOR"), including the use of necessary force.
The international security force ("KFOR") commander may delegate control of normal civilian air activities to appropriate FRY
institutions to monitor operations, deconflict international security force ("KFOR") air traffic movements, and ensure smooth
and safe operations of the air traffic system. It is envisioned that control of civil air traffic will be returned to civilian
authorities as soon as practicable.
Article III
Notifications
1. This Agreement and written orders requiring compliance will be immediately communicated to all FRY Forces.
2. By ElF + 2 days, the State governmental authorities of the FRY and the Republic of Serbia shall furnish the following specific
information regarding the status of all FRY Forces:
- Detailed records, positions and descriptions of all mines, unexploded ordnance, explosive devices, demolitions, obstacles,
booby traps, wire entanglement, physical or military hazards to the safe movement of any personnel in Kosovo laid by FRY
forces.
- Any further information of a military or security nature about FRY Forces in the territory of Kosovo and the CSZ and ASZ requested
by the international security force ("KFOR") commander.
Article IV
Establishment of a Joint Implementation Commission (JIC)
A JIC shall be established with the deployment of the international security force ("KFOR") to Kosovo as directed by the international
security force ("KFOR") commander.
Article V
Final Authority to Interpret
The international security force ("KFOR") commander is the final authority regarding interpretation of this
Agreement and the security aspects of the peace settlement it supports. His determinations are binding on all
Parties and persons.
Article VI
Entry Into Force
This Agreement shall enter into force upon signature.
Appendices.
- Phased Withdrawal of FRY Forces from Kosovo.
- International security force ("KFOR") Operations
FOR INTERNATIONAL SECURITY FOR THE GOVERNMENTS OF FRY AND FORCE ("KFOR") REPUBLIC OF SERBIA
(original signed) (original signed)
LT GEN MIKE JACKSON COL GEN SVETOZAR MARJANOVIC
COMMANDER, KFOR GENERAL STAFF OF VJ
NINTH JUNE 1999 (original signed)
LT GEN OBRAD STEVANOVIC
MINISTRY OF INTERNAL AFFAIRS
OF THE REPUBLIC OF SERBIA
Appendix A
Phased Withdrawal of FRY Forces from Kosovo
FRY Forces Phased Withdrawal, Routes and Assembly Areas
I EIF
+ 6
II EIF
+ 9
Ill ElF
+1&11
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Assembly Areas
Gates
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Appendix B
International Security Force ("KFOR") Operations
1. Consistent with the general obligations of the Military
Technical Agreement, the State Governmental authorities of the FRY and
Republic of Serbia understand and agree that the international security
force ("KFOR") will deploy and operate without hindrance within Kosovo
and with the authority to take all necessary action to establish and
maintain a secure environment for all citizens of Kosovo.
2. The international security force ("KFOR") commander
shall have the authority, without interference or permission, to do
all that he judges necessary and proper, including the use of military
force, to protect the international security force ('KFOR"), the international
civil implementation presence, and to carry out the responsibilities
inherent in this Military Technical Agreement and the Peace Settlement
which it supports.
3. The international security force ("KFOR") nor any
of its personnel shall be liable for any damages to public or private
property that they may cause in the course of duties related to the
implementation of this Agreement. The parties will agree a Status Of
Forces Agreement (SOFA) as soon as possible.
4. International security force ("KFOR") shall have the right:
- To monitor and ensure compliance with this Agreement and to respond promptly to any violations and restore compliance, using military force
if required. This includes necessary actions to:
- Enforce withdrawals of FRY Forces.
- Enforce compliance following the return of selected FRY personnel to Kosovo.
- Provide assistance to other international entities involved in the implementation or otherwise authorised by the UNSC.
- To establish liaison arrangements with local Kosovo authorities, and with FRY/Serbian civil and military authorities.
- To observe, monitor, and inspect any and all facilities or activities in Kosovo that the international security force ("KFOR")
commander believes has or may have military or police capability, or may be associated with the employment of military or police capabilities,
or are otherwise relevant to compliance with this Agreement.
5. Notwithstanding any other provision of this Agreement, the Parties understand and agree that international security force ("KFOR")
commander has the right and is authorized to compel the removal1withdrawal, or relocation of specific Forces and weapons, and to order
the cessation of any activities whenever the international security force ("KFOR") commander determines a potential threat to either the
international security force ("KFOR") or its mission, or to another Party.
Forces failing to redeploy, withdraw, relocate, or to cease threatening or potentially threatening
activities following such a demand by the international security force ("KFOR") shall be subject to military action by the international security
force ("KFOR"), including the use of necessary force, to ensure compliance.
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