This document summarizes the findings from a recent survey of Development Assistance Committee (DAC) members’ programs and projects that address improving market access for women entrepreneurs and wage earners in developing countries. The study focuses on a number of key impediments to women’s access to labor markets, financial markets, and markets for goods and services in developing countries. The report presents an overview of key programs and projects undertaken by DAC members’ and provides recommendations for best practices to enhance women’s access to markets.

This document provides an overview of inequalities in women's access to markets and how these gender inequalities negatively affect pro-poor growth. It summarizes gender issues in the labor, financial, goods, and services markets, the controversies of different donor approaches, and the policy implications of failing to focus on women’s market access. In addition, it offers policy recommendations and presents a variety of recommended best practices.

This fact sheet covers the benefits of integrating women into the world economy, why they are affected differently by trade and economic growth, and what factors constrain women’s ability to participate in global trade. The fact sheet provides examples of how women have been affected by trade in the agriculture, handicrafts, and manufacturing sectors and with regard to tariff reduction and trade liberalization. As well, it summarizes how USAID can help improve gender equality in trade and economic growth and how the Greater Access to Trade Expansion (GATE) project helps USAID Missions integrate the needs of the poor, particularly poor women, into their trade and economic growth programs.

For most countries, there are a number of national and international options for data sources. International and national statistics can help Strategic Objective (SO) teams to draw important conclusions about key gender differences that need to be addressed through the developing program objectives and activities. Sex-disaggregated data includes micro- and macro-economic data as well as national statistics on social development, labor force participation and segmentation, incomes, poverty rates, educational attainment, health status, legal status, judicial access, and political participation.

This document describes illustrative Gender Integration Strategies for Trade (GIST) and present possible gender constraints, mitigating strategies, and indicators.

Common Gender Terminology for economic growth projects

Examples of good gender senstitve indicators for economic growth activities.

This paper investigates the unique position of women within the economy, drawing attention to the numerous aspects of gender inequality that limit women's full participation in "productive" activities. It explores why the inclusion of gender issues is not only beneficial, but also crucial, to the success of economic development programs. Through an examination of the domains of economic development and trade liberalization, the paper emphasizes that integrating gender considerations leads to a greater understanding of the impediments that hinder women's full participation in the economy.

This report documents the findings of a gender assessment team during its travel in Kenya from September 11 to October 2, 2007 to investigate gender constraints and gender integration opportunities in nature-based enterprises supported by the United States Agency for International Development (USAID) Mission in Kenya.

This book of Gender Training Materials, prepared by the USAID-funded Greater Access to Trade Expansion (GATE) Project and tailored to the needs of the USAID/Kenya Mission, supports the Mission's commitment to gender integration for activities related to Economic Growth and Trade. It was used during a September 2007 workshop for USAID/Kenya staff and partners working on Strategic Objective (SO) 7 and 5. The materials are directed to the staff of the Agriculture, Business and Environment Office (ABEO) Team as well as partner organizations. They are designed to increase participants' knowledge, skills, and confidence in asking the right gender questions, finding the necessary data and assistance to answer these questions, and developing appropriate program interventions to meet gender-related targets.

This fact sheet provides a snapshot of Kenya's economy, covering key economic indicators, trade, poverty, and the labor market. In addition, it presents a development diamond that maps poverty, labor market segmentation, trade, and wage rate trends over a 10-year period.

This fact sheet provides a snapshot of Nigeria's economy, covering key economic indicators, trade, poverty, and the labor market.

This paper evaluates how tariff liberalization impacted male- and female-headed households in South Africa during 1995, 2000, and 2004. An analysis of consumption trends by sex of household head show statistically significant differences, and these are transmitted through the impact in the tariff incidence. The research findings suggests that the sex of the household head matters and must be considered in addition to other household-identifying factors (e.g., socio-economic status) when evaluating the impacts of tariff liberalization.

This study uses a dynamic general equilibrium and microsimulation model to assess the effects of trade liberalization on growth, employment, and poverty in South Africa. It examines how men and women have been affected and whether or not trade liberalization has contributed to the faster rise in female unemployment and poverty. A Research Brief of the same name (PN-ADJ-407) summarizes the findings of this report. 

This Research Brief summarizes the findings of a larger report, "Has Trade Liberalization in South Africa Affected Men and Women Differently?" (PN-ADH-667), which was prepared for the Greater Access to Trade Expansion (GATE) Project. Using an applied general equilibrium and microsimulation model, the report examines how trade liberalization has affected men and women since 1994. The Brief presents the paper’s key implications and recommendations.

This fact sheet provides a snapshot of South Africa's economy, covering key economic indicators, trade, poverty, and the labor market. In addition, it presents a development diamond that maps poverty, labor market segmentation, trade, and wage rate trends over a 10-year period.

This research brief summarizes the findings from a larger report, "A Trade Impact Review for Bangladesh" (PN-ADJ-429), which was prepared by the Greater Access to Trade Expansion (GATE) Project. The research explores the linkages between macroeconomic policy changes in Bangladesh and micro-level changes in employment, enterprise development, prices, and consumption levels in Bangladesh, particularly the differential affects on gender. The larger paper summarizes the findings from three separate reports: (1) a gender and pro-poor analysis of the shrimp value chain; (2) a gendered CGE model of Bangladesh; and, (3) a legal and regulatory analysis.

This report, prepared by the Greater Access to Trade Expansion (GATE) Project, seeks to assist donors and policymakers in understanding the effects of trade policies on key sectors in Bangladesh, as well as on poor producers, consumers, and entrepreneurs. This analysis employs a gender perspective —— assessing where men's and women's experiences under trade liberalization diverge and suggesting actions that would create more gender-equitable opportunities for both men and women to gain from increased trade openness. The report summarizes the findings from three separate papers: (1) a gender and pro-poor analysis of the shrimp value chain; (2) a gendered Computable General Equilibrium (CGE) model of Bangladesh; and, (3) a legal and regulatory analysis.

This fact sheet provides a snapshot of Bangladesh's economy, covering key economic indicators, trade, poverty, and the labor market. In addition, it presents a development diamond that maps poverty, labor market segmentation, trade, and wage rate trends over a 10-year period.

This report was produced for USAID/Bangladesh by the GATE Project, Development & Training Services, Inc. (dTS), under a task order of the USAID Office of Women in Development. The objective of this study is to (a) review and track ongoing and planned research or program activities on remittances; (b) review ongoing projects on in- and out-migration and its impact; (c) provide a gender perspective on donor projects and studies; and (d) formulate possible programs and recommendations that USAID/Bangladesh can consider to promote remittances as a development tool, with a particular emphasis on women's experiences as migrants and receivers of remittances.

This Gender Training Handbook, prepared by the Greater Access to Trade Expansion (GATE) Project, is designed primarily to complement and augment the October 17-18, 2005 training on integrating gender into economic growth activities. The handbook aims to go beyond the training and provide Mission staff with additional knowledge, skills, and ideas to develop appropriate program interventions to meet gender-related targets. Its goal is to help Mission staff understand how they can design USAID programs to enhance the abilities of men and women -- including the poorest citizens -- to proactively seize the new opportunities presented by trade and economic growth activities.

This book of gender training materials, prepared by the USAID-funded GATE Project, was used during two different workshops for USAID/Bangladesh staff. It was designed primarily to help the Mission's Economic Growth, Food, and Environment Team increase their knowledge, skills, and confidence in asking the right gender questions, find the necessary data and assistance to answer these questions, and develop appropriate program interventions to meet gender-related targets.

This report, prepared by the Greater Access to Trade Expansion (GATE) Project for USAID/Bangladesh, explores the nature of production and the terms and conditions of employment along the shrimp value chain in Bangladesh. The primary objectives of the report are to identify opportunities to improve market outcomes, raise productivity and wages, and foster pro-poor growth in the shrimp sector. To analyze costs and returns within the sector, the report employs a pro-poor livelihoods approach and a value chain approach, which includes a gender analysis of the value chain.

This study provides an overview of information and communication technology (ICT) trends and opportunities for women in Bangladesh. It looks at ways that USAID/Bangladesh can integrate gender and poverty concerns into the its programs and recommends pro-poor, gender-sensitive ICT interventions for review. The study aims to help USAID/Bangladesh ensure that its ICT development programs promote gender equity and create opportunities for economic growth.

Under the Greater Access to Trade Expansion (GATE) Project, USAID/Bangladesh commissioned Development & Training Services, Inc. (dTS) to carry out a trade impact review (TIR) to inform its Country Strategic Statement (2006–2010) for Bangladesh. The Bangladesh TIR includes several complementary analyses, including this legal and regulatory analysis. The report analyzes the coherence between (1) Bangladesh's trade commitments and trade-related policies, laws, and regulations, and (2) the country's international and national commitments to poverty reduction and gender equality.

This fact sheet provides a snapshot of Albania's economy, covering key economic indicators, trade, poverty, and the labor market. In addition, it presents a development diamond that maps poverty, labor market segmentation, trade, and wage rate trends over a 10-year period.

Este informe fue elaborado por el proyecto de Mayor Acceso a la Expansión del Comercio (GATE, por sus siglas en inglés) para la Misión de la Agencia de los Estados Unidos para el Desarrollo Internacional en la República Dominicana (USAID/República Dominicana), bajo una Orden de Trabajo de la Oficina de la Mujer en el Desarrollo. El propósito del documento es analizar, mediante un enfoque de género, el perfil de los y las trabajadores(as) desplazados(as), explorar su reinserción laboral e identificar intervenciones y lineamientos de políticas y programas que contribuyan a reducir los efectos económicos y sociales del cierre de las empresas, y asistir a los y las trabajadores(as) desplazados(as).

This fact sheet provides a snapshot of the economy of the Dominican Republic, covering key economic indicators, trade, poverty, and the labor market. In addition, it presents a development diamond that maps poverty, labor market segmentation, trade, and wage rate trends over a 10-year period.

This report was prepared for USAID/Peru by the Greater Access to Trade Expansion (GATE) project with support from the Centro Peruano de Estudios Sociales (CEPES). It explores the artichoke value chain in Peru using a pro-poor and gender-sensitive analysis to examine the nature of production, the relationships between various actors in the value chain, and the terms and conditions of employment. With an emphasis on promoting pro-poor growth, the study aims to identify interventions that will improve market outcomes, raise productivity, and increase income for male and female farmers, day laborers, and agro-industrial workers along the value chain.

This book of gender training materials, prepared by the USAID/WID funded GATE Project, supports the Mission’s (and USAID’s) commitment to gender integration, specifically for activities related to economic growth, trade, and investment and the environment. This book is intended to be used during four different workshops planned for USAID/Peru staff, contractors, and grantees. It is primarily designed to help Mission staff on the EGE Team increase their knowledge, skills, and confidence in asking the right gender questions, finding the necessary data and assistance to answer these questions, and developing appropriate program interventions to meet gender-related targets. Our goal is to support Mission staff in their efforts to use USAID programs as a means of enhancing the abilities of both men and women, including the poorest citizens, so that they can pro-actively seize the new opportunities presented by trade and economic growth activities.

Este libro de Materiales de Capacitación en Género, preparado por el Proyecto Mayor Acceso a la Expansióndel Comercio (GATE por sus siglas en inglés), financiado por USAID, apoya el compromiso de la Misión (y de USAID) con la integración del género, específicamente para actividades relativas al Crecimiento Económico, el Comercio y la Inversión y el Medio Ambiente. Este libro está hecho con la intención de ser usado durante cuatro talleres diferentes con el equipo de USAID/Peru, los contratistas y beneficiarios. Ha sido diseñado principalmente para contribuir a que el personal de la Misión del Equipo EGE (Economic Growth and Environment) amplíe sus conocimientos y habilidades, adquiera confianza para realizar las preguntas apropiadas sobre género, encuentre la información y apoyo necesarios para responder estas preguntas, y desarrolle intervenciones de programa adecuadas para alcanzar los objetivos relativos al género. Nuestra meta es apoyar al personal de la Misión en sus esfuerzos por usar los programas de USAID como un medio para fortalecer las habilidades tanto de los varones como de las mujeres, incluyendo a aquellos ciudadanos más pobres, de manera que puedan proactivamente aprovechar las nuevas oportunidades que presentan las actividades comerciales y de crecimiento económico.

Project title: Greater access to trade expansion (GATE) | Related doc.: PN-ADJ-403

Task order 02 | Project title: Greater access to trade expansion (GATE)