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Job Training Partnership Act:
new help for the unemployed
Robert Guttman
The enactment of the Job Training Partnership Act, which takes effect October 1, comes just 21 years after passage of the first "manpower" (currently called "job training") program of the modern era in the Area Redevelopment Act.
From that modest beginning in 1961, statute succeeded statute and amendment succeeded amendment. The Manpower Development and Training Act was enacted in 1962 and was constantly amended until its repeal by the Comprehensive Employment and Training Act (CETA) in 1973.1 In the same decade, the Economic Opportunity Act of 1964 began a series of manpower programs which were also steadily revised prior to their repeal by CETA. While the enactment of CETA was a major restructuring of the numerous manpower programs that had resulted from this spate of legislation, the CETA program had no more stability than its predecessors.
In its brief history, from 1973 to 1982, CETA was amended eight times and proliferated 12 separate programmatic titles, parts, and subparts. The instability of program design resulting from the constant legislative changes was exacerbated by even more severe funding instabilities. In 8 fiscal years, there were 26 separate appropriations for the program including regular, supplemental, and emergency appropriations, plus a plethora of continuing resolutions, that culminated with the enactment of the Job Training Partnership Act. It will be interesting to see whether, on the 21st anniversary of these programs, a new era of stability and maturity has been ushered in.
This excerpt is from an article published in the March 1983 issue of the Monthly Labor Review. The full text of the article is available in Adobe Acrobat's Portable Document Format (PDF). See How to view a PDF file for more information.
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1 See Robert Guttman, "Intergovernmental relations under the new manpower act," Monthly Labor Review, June 1974, pp. 10-16.
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