| Table 6-6 |
| Classification of manufacturing industries based on average R&D intensity: 1991–97 |
| (Percent) |
| |
| |
|
|
|
R&D intensity |
| Industry |
|
ISIC rev. 3 |
|
Totala |
|
United States |
| |
| Total manufacturing |
|
15–37 |
|
2.5 |
|
3.1 |
| High-technology industries |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Aircraft and spacecraft |
|
353 |
|
14.2 |
|
14.6 |
| Pharmaceuticals |
|
2423 |
|
10.8 |
|
12.4 |
| Office, accounting, and computing machinery |
|
30 |
|
9.3 |
|
14.7 |
| Radio, television, and communication equipment |
|
32 |
|
8.0 |
|
8.6 |
| Medical, precision, and optical instruments |
|
33 |
|
7.3 |
|
7.9 |
| Medium-high-technology industries |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Electrical machinery and apparatus nec |
|
31 |
|
3.9 |
|
4.1 |
| Motor vehicles, trailers, and semi trailers |
|
34 |
|
3.5 |
|
4.5 |
| Chemicals excluding pharmaceuticals |
|
24 excl. 2423 |
|
3.1 |
|
3.1 |
| Railroad equipment and transport equipment nec |
|
352 + 359 |
|
2.4 |
|
na |
| Machinery and equipment nec |
|
29 |
|
1.9 |
|
1.8 |
| Medium-low-technology industries |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Coke, refined petroleum products, and nuclear fuel |
|
23 |
|
1.0 |
|
1.3 |
| Rubber and plastic products |
|
25 |
|
0.9 |
|
1.0 |
| Other nonmetallic mineral products |
|
26 |
|
0.9 |
|
0.8 |
| Building and repairing of ships and boats |
|
351 |
|
0.9 |
|
nab |
| Basic metals |
|
27 |
|
0.8 |
|
0.4 |
| Fabricated metal products, except machinery and equipment |
|
28 |
|
0.6 |
|
0.7 |
| Low-technology industries |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Manufacturing nec and recycling |
|
36–37 |
|
0.4 |
|
0.6 |
| Wood, pulp, paper, paper products, printing, and publishing |
|
20–22 |
|
0.3 |
|
0.5 |
| Food products, beverages, and tobacco |
|
15–16 |
|
0.3 |
|
0.3 |
| Textiles, textile products, leather, and footwear |
|
17–19 |
|
0.3 |
|
0.2 |
| |
na = not applicable
ISIC = International Standard Industrial Classification; nec = not elsewhere classified
aAggregate R&D intensities calculated after converting R&D expenditures and production with 1995 gross domestic product purchasing power parities.
bR&D expenditures in shipbuilding (351) included in other transport (352 and 359).
NOTE: R&D intensity is direct R&D expenditures as percentage of production (gross output).
SOURCES: Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, ANBERD database, http://www1.oecd.org/dsti/sti/stat-ana/stats/eas_anb.htm; and STAN database, http://www.oecd.org/document/54/0,3343,en_2649_201185_21573686_1_1_1_1,00.html. Science and Engineering Indicators 2008 |
|
Source Data