[Code of Federal Regulations]
[Title 40, Volume 19]
[Revised as of July 1, 2004]
From the U.S. Government Printing Office via GPO Access
[CITE: 40CFR88.105-94]

[Page 18]
 
                   TITLE 40--PROTECTION OF ENVIRONMENT
 
         CHAPTER I--ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED)
 
PART 88_CLEAN-FUEL VEHICLES--Table of Contents
 
          Subpart A_Emission Standards for Clean-Fuel Vehicles
 
Sec. 88.105-94  Clean-fuel fleet emission standards for heavy-duty engines.

    (a) Exhaust emissions from engines used in heavy-duty low emission 
vehicles shall meet one of the following standards:
    (1) Combined emissions of oxides of nitrogen and nonmethane 
hydrocarbons (or nonmethane hydrocarbon equivalent) shall not exceed 3.8 
grams per brake horsepower-hour.
    (2) Combined emissions of oxides of nitrogen and nonmethane 
hydrocarbons (or nonmethane hydrocarbon equivalent) shall not exceed 3.5 
grams per brake horsepower-hour when tested (certified) on fuel meeting 
the specifications of California certification fuel.
    (b) Exhaust emissions from engines used in heavy-duty low emission 
vehicles shall meet conventional vehicle standards set forth in Part 86 
for total hydrocarbon, carbon monoxide, particulate, and organic 
material hydrocarbon equivalent.
    (c) Exhaust emissions from engines used in ultra-low emission heavy-
duty vehicles shall meet each of the following standards:
    (1) The combined emissions of oxides of nitrogen and nonmethane 
hydrocarbons (or nonmethane hydrocarbon equivalent) shall not exceed 2.5 
grams per brake horsepower-hour.
    (2) Carbon monoxide emissions shall not exceed 7.2 grams per brake 
horsepower-hour.
    (3) Particulate emissions shall not exceed 0.05 grams per brake 
horsepower-hour.
    (4) Formaldehyde emissions shall not exceed 0.025 grams per brake 
horsepower-hour.
    (d) Exhaust emissions from engines used in inherently-low emission 
heavy-duty vehicles shall meet each of the following standards:
    (1) The combined emissions of oxides of nitrogen and nonmethane 
hydrocarbons (or nonmethane hydrocarbon equivalent) shall not exceed 2.5 
grams per brake horsepower-hour.
    (2) Carbon monoxide emissions shall not exceed 14.4 grams per brake 
horsepower-hour.
    (3) Particulate emissions shall not exceed 0.10 grams per brake 
horsepower-hour.
    (4) Formaldehyde emissions shall not exceed 0.05 grams per brake 
horsepower-hour.
    (e) The standards set forth in paragraphs (a), (b), (c), and (d) of 
this section refer to the exhaust emitted while the vehicle is being 
tested in accordance with the applicable test procedures set forth in 40 
CFR part 86, subpart N.
    (f)(1) A heavy-duty zero-emission vehicle (ZEV) has a standard of 
zero emissions for nonmethane hydrocarbons, oxides of nitrogen, carbon 
monoxide, formaldehyde, and particulates.
    (2) A heavy-duty vehicle shall be certified as a ZEV if it is 
determined by engineering analysis that the vehicle satisfies the 
following conditions:
    (i) The vehicle fuel system(s) must not contain either carbon or 
nitrogen compounds (including air) which, when burned, form nonmethane 
hydrocarbons, oxides of nitrogen, carbon monoxide, formaldehyde, or 
particulates as exhaust emissions.
    (ii) All primary and auxiliary equipment and engines must have no 
emissions of nonmethane hydrocarbons, oxides of nitrogen, carbon 
monoxide, formaldehyde, and particulates.
    (iii) The vehicle fuel system(s) and any auxiliary engine(s) must 
have no evaporative emissions.
    (iv) Any auxiliary heater must not operate at ambient temperatures 
above 40 degrees Fahrenheit.
    (g) All heavy-duty engines used in low emission, ultra-low emission, 
or zero emission vehicles shall also comply with all applicable 
standards and requirements of 40 CFR part 86, except that any exhaust 
emission standards in 40 CFR part 86 pertaining to pollutants for which 
standards are established in this section shall not apply.

[59 FR 50077, Sept. 30, 1994]