[Code of Federal Regulations]
[Title 40, Volume 17]
[Revised as of July 1, 2004]
From the U.S. Government Printing Office via GPO Access
[CITE: 40CFR86.127-00]
[Page 492-494]
TITLE 40--PROTECTION OF ENVIRONMENT
CHAPTER I--ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED)
PART 86_CONTROL OF EMISSIONS FROM NEW AND IN-USE HIGHWAY VEHICLES AND
ENGINES--Table of Contents
Subpart B_Emission Regulations for 1977 and Later Model Year New Light-
Sec. 86.127-00 Test procedures; overview.
Applicability. The procedures described in this and subsequent
sections are used to determine the conformity of vehicles with the
standards set forth in subpart A or S of this part (as applicable) for
light-duty vehicles and light-duty trucks. Except where noted, the
procedures of paragraphs (a) through (b) of this section, Sec. 86.127-
96 (c) and (d), and the contents of Sec. Sec. 86.135-94, 86.136-90,
86.137-96, 86.140-94, 86.142-90, and 86.144-94 are applicable for
determining emission results for vehicle exhaust emission systems
designed to comply with the FTP emission standards, or the FTP emission
element required for determining compliance with composite SFTP
standards. Paragraphs (f) and (g) of this section discuss the additional
test elements of aggressive driving (US06) and air conditioning (SC03)
that comprise the exhaust emission components of the SFTP. Section
86.127-96(e) discusses fuel spitback emissions and paragraphs (h) and
(i) of this section are applicable to all vehicle emission test
procedures. Section 86.127-00 includes text that specifies requirements
that differ from Sec. 86.127-96. Where a paragraph in Sec. 86.127-96
is identical and applicable to Sec. 86.127-00, this may be indicated by
specifying the corresponding paragraph and the statement ``[Reserved].
For guidance see Sec. 86.127-96.''
(a) The overall test consists of prescribed sequences of fueling,
parking, and operating test conditions. Vehicles are tested for any or
all of the following emissions:
(1) Gaseous exhaust THC, CO, NOX, CO2 (for
petroleum-fueled and gaseous- fueled vehicles), plus CH3OH
and HCHO for methanol-fueled vehicles, plus CH4 (for vehicles
subject to the NMHC and NMHCE standards).
(2) Particulates.
(3) Evaporative HC (for gasoline-fueled, methanol-fueled and
gaseous-fueled vehicles) and CH3OH (for methanol-fueled
vehicles). The evaporative testing portion of the procedure occurs after
the exhaust emission test; however, exhaust emissions need not be
sampled to complete a test for evaporative emissions.
(4) Fuel spitback (this test is not required for gaseous-fueled
vehicles).
(b) The FTP Otto-cycle exhaust emission test is designed to
determine gaseous THC, CO, CO2, CH4,
NOX, and particulate mass emissions from gasoline-fueled,
methanol-fueled and gaseous-fueled Otto-cycle vehicles as well as
methanol and formaldehyde from methanol-fueled Otto-cycle vehicles,
while simulating an average trip in an urban area of 11 miles (18
kilometers). The test consists of engine start-ups and vehicle operation
on a chassis dynamometer through a specified driving schedule (see
paragraph (a), EPA Urban
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Dynamometer Driving Schedule, of appendix I to this part). A
proportional part of the diluted exhaust is collected continuously for
subsequent analysis, using a constant volume (variable dilution) sampler
or critical flow venturi sampler.
(c)-(e) [Reserved]. For guidance see Sec. 86.127-96.
(f) The element of the SFTP for exhaust emissions related to
aggressive driving (US06) is designed to determine gaseous THC, NMHC,
CO, CO2, CH4, and NOX emissions from
gasoline-fueled or diesel-fueled vehicles (see Sec. 86.158-00
Supplemental test procedures; overview, and Sec. 86.159-00 Exhaust
emission test procedures for US06 emissions). The test cycle simulates
urban driving speeds and accelerations that are not represented by the
FTP Urban Dynamometer Driving Schedule simulated trips discussed in
paragraph (b) of this section. The test consists of vehicle operation on
a chassis dynamometer through a specified driving cycle (see paragraph
(g), US06 Dynamometer Driving Schedule, of appendix I to this part). A
proportional part of the diluted exhaust is collected continuously for
subsequent analysis, using a constant volume (variable dilution) sampler
or critical flow venturi sampler.
(g)(1) The element of the SFTP related to the increased exhaust
emissions caused by air conditioning operation (SC03) is designed to
determine gaseous THC, NMHC, CO, CO2, CH4, and
NOX emissions from gasoline-fueled or diesel fueled vehicles
related to air conditioning use (see Sec. 86.158-00 Supplemental
federal test procedures; overview and Sec. 86.160-00 Exhaust emission
test procedure for SC03 emissions). The test cycle simulates urban
driving behavior with the air conditioner operating. The test consists
of engine startups and vehicle operation on a chassis dynamometer
through specified driving cycles (see paragraph (h), SC03 Dynamometer
Driving Schedule, of appendix I to this part). A proportional part of
the diluted exhaust is collected continuously for subsequent analysis,
using a constant volume (variable dilution) sampler or critical flow
venturi sampler. The testing sequence includes an approved
preconditioning cycle, a 10 minute soak with the engine turned off, and
the SC03 cycle with measured exhaust emissions.
(2) The SC03 air conditioning test is conducted with the air
conditioner operating at specified settings and the ambient test
conditions of:
(i) Air temperature of 95 [deg]F;
(ii) 100 grains of water/pound of dry air (approximately 40 percent
relative humidity);
(iii) Simulated solar heat intensity of 850 W/m \2\ (see Sec.
86.161-00(d)); and
(iv) air flow directed at the vehicle that will provide
representative air conditioner system condenser cooling at all vehicle
speeds (see Sec. 86.161-00(e)).
(3) Manufacturers have the option of simulating air conditioning
operation during testing at other ambient test conditions provided they
can demonstrate that the vehicle tail pipe exhaust emissions are
representative of the emissions that would result from the SC03 cycle
test procedure and the ambient conditions of paragraph (g)(2) of this
section. The Administrator has approved two optional air conditioning
test simulation procedures AC1 and AC2 (see Sec. 86.162-00) for only
the model years of 2000 through 2002. If a manufacturer desires to
conduct simulation SC03 testing for model year 2003 and beyond, the
simulation test procedure must be approved in advance by the
Administrator (see Sec. Sec. 86.162-00 and 86.163-00).
(h) Except in cases of component malfunction or failure, all
emission control systems installed on or incorporated in a new motor
vehicle shall be functioning during all procedures in this subpart.
Maintenance to correct component malfunction or failure shall be
authorized in accordance with Sec. 86.098-25 or Sec. 86.1834-01 as
applicable.
(i) Background concentrations are measured for all species for which
emissions measurements are made. For exhaust testing, this requires
sampling and analysis of the dilution air. For evaporative testing, this
requires measuring initial concentrations. (When testing methanol-fueled
vehicles, manufacturers may choose not to measure background
concentrations of methanol and/or formaldehyde, and
[[Page 494]]
then assume that the concentrations are zero during calculations.)
[61 FR 54891, Oct. 22, 1996, as amended at 64 FR 23921, May 4, 1999]