[Code of Federal Regulations]
[Title 40, Volume 17]
[Revised as of July 1, 2004]
From the U.S. Government Printing Office via GPO Access
[CITE: 40CFR86.008-10]
[Page 80-82]
TITLE 40--PROTECTION OF ENVIRONMENT
CHAPTER I--ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED)
PART 86_CONTROL OF EMISSIONS FROM NEW AND IN-USE HIGHWAY VEHICLES AND
ENGINES--Table of Contents
Subpart A_General Provisions for Emission Regulations for 1977 and Later
Sec. 86.008-10 Emission standards for 2008 and later model year Otto-cycle
heavy-duty engines and vehicles.
Section 86.008-10 includes text that specifies requirements that
differ from Sec. 86.098-10, Sec. 86.099-10, Sec. 86.005-10. Where a
paragraph in Sec. 86.098-10, Sec. 86.099-10, or Sec. 86.005-10 is
identical and applicable to Sec. 86.008-10, this may be indicated by
specifying the corresponding paragraph and the statement ``[Reserved].
For guidance see Sec. 86.098-10.'', ``[Reserved]. For guidance see
Sec. 86.099-10.'', or ``[Reserved]. For guidance see Sec. 86.005-
10.''.
(a)(1) Exhaust emissions from new 2008 and later model year Otto-
cycle HDEs shall not exceed:
(i)(A) Oxides of Nitrogen plus Non-methane Hydrocarbons (NOX + NMHC)
for engines fueled with either gasoline, natural gas, or liquefied
petroleum gas. 1.0 grams per brake horsepower-hour (0.37 grams per
megajoule).
(B) Oxides of Nitrogen plus Non-methane Hydrocarbon Equivalent (NOX
+ NMHCE) for engines fueled with methanol. 1.0 grams per brake
horsepower-hour (0.37 grams per megajoule).
(a)(1)(i)(C)-(a)(3)(ii) [Reserved]. For guidance see Sec. 86.005-
10.
(4) [Reserved]
(b) [Reserved]. For guidance see Sec. 86.099-10.
(c) [Reserved]. For guidance see Sec. 86.098-10.
(d) [Reserved]. For guidance see Sec. 86.005-10.
(e) [Reserved]. For guidance see Sec. 86.099-10.
(f) [Reserved]
[65 FR 59955, Oct. 6, 2000]
Editorial Note: At 66 FR 5165, Jan. 18, 2001, Sec. 86.008-10 was
added. However, Sec. 86.008-10 already existed. For the convenience of
the user, the second Sec. 86.008-10 is set forth as follows:
Sec. 86.008-10 Emission standards for 2008 and later model year Otto-
cycle heavy-duty engines and vehicles.
Section 86.008-10 includes text that specifies requirements that
differ from Sec. 86.099-10. Where a paragraph in Sec. 86.099-10 is
identical and applicable to Sec. 86.008-10, this may be indicated by
specifying the corresponding paragraph and the statement ``[Reserved].
For guidance see Sec. 86.099-10.''.
(a)(1) Exhaust emissions from new 2008 and later model year Otto-
cycle HDEs shall not exceed:
(i)(A) Oxides of Nitrogen (NOX). 0.20 grams per brake horsepower-
hour (0.075 grams per megajoule).
(B) A manufacturer may elect to include any or all of its Otto-cycle
HDE families in any or all of the NOX and NOX plus
NMHC emissions ABT programs for HDEs, within the restrictions described
in Sec. 86.008-15 or Sec. 86.004-15. If the manufacturer elects to
include engine families in any of these programs, the NOX FEL
may not exceed 0.50 grams per brake horsepower-hour (0.26 grams
[[Page 81]]
per megajoule). This ceiling value applies whether credits for the
family are derived from averaging, banking, or trading programs. The
NOX FEL cap is 0.80 for model years before 2011 for
manufacturers choosing to certify to the 1.5 g/bhp-hr
NOX+NMHC standard in 2003 or 2004, in accordance with Sec.
86.005-10(f).
(ii)(A) Non-methane Hydrocarbons (NMHC) for engines fueled with
either gasoline, natural gas, or liquefied petroleum gas. 0.14 grams per
brake horsepower-hour (0.052grams per megajoule).
(B) Non-methane Hydrocarbon Equivalent (NMHCE) for engines fueled
with methanol. 0.14 grams per brake horsepower-hour (0.052grams per
megajoule).
(C) A manufacturer may elect to include any or all of its Otto-cycle
HDE families in any or all of the NMHC emissions ABT programs for HDEs,
within the restrictions described in Sec. 86.008-15 or Sec. 86.004-15.
If the manufacturer elects to include engine families in any of these
programs, the NMHC FEL may not exceed 0.30 grams per brake horsepower-
hour. This ceiling value applies whether credits for the family are
derived from averaging, banking, or trading programs. The NMHC FEL cap
is 0.40 for model years before 2011 for manufacturers choosing to
certify to the 1.5 g/bhp-hr NOX+NMHC in 2004, as allowed in
Sec. 86.005-10.
(iii)(A) Carbon monoxide. 14.4 grams per brake horsepower-hour (5.36
grams per megajoule).
(B) Idle Carbon Monoxide. For all Otto-cycle HDEs utilizing
aftertreatment technology, and not certified to the onboard diagnostics
requirements of Sec. 86.005-17: 0.50 percent of exhaust gas flow at
curb idle.
(iv) Particulate. 0.01grams per brake horsepower-hour (0.0037grams
per megajoule).
(2) The standards set forth in paragraph (a)(1) of this section
refer to the exhaust emitted over the operating schedule set forth in
paragraph (f)(1) of appendix I to this part, and measured and calculated
in accordance with the procedures set forth in subpart N or P of this
part.
(3)-(4) [Reserved]
(b) Evaporative emissions from heavy-duty vehicles shall not exceed
the following standards. The standards apply equally to certification
and in-use vehicles. The spitback standard also applies to newly
assembled vehicles. For certification vehicles only, manufacturers may
conduct testing to quantify a level of nonfuel background emissions for
an individual test vehicle. Such a demonstration must include a
description of the source(s) of emissions and an estimated decay rate.
The demonstrated level of nonfuel background emissions may be subtracted
from emission test results from certification vehicles if approved in
advance by the Administrator.
(1) Hydrocarbons (for vehicles equipped with gasoline-fueled,
natural gas-fueled or liquefied petroleum gas-fueled engines).
(i) For vehicles with a Gross Vehicle Weight Rating of up to 14,000
lbs:
(A)(1) For the full three-diurnal test sequence described in Sec.
86.1230-96, diurnal plus hot soak measurements: 1.4 grams per test.
(2) For the supplemental two-diurnal test sequence described in
Sec. 86.1230-96, diurnal plus hot soak measurements (gasoline-fueled
vehicles only): 1.75 grams per test.
(B) Running loss test (gasoline-fueled vehicles only): 0.05 grams
per mile.
(C) Fuel dispensing spitback test (gasoline-fueled vehicles only):
1.0 grams per test.
(ii) For vehicles with a Gross Vehicle Weight Rating of greater than
14,000 lbs:
(A)(1) For the full three-diurnal test sequence described in Sec.
86.1230-96, diurnal plus hot soak measurements: 1.9 grams per test.
(2) For the supplemental two-diurnal test sequence described in
Sec. 86.1230-96, diurnal plus hot soak measurements (gasoline-fueled
vehicles only): 2.3 grams per test.
(B) Running loss test (gasoline-fueled vehicles only): 0.05 grams
per mile.
(2) Total Hydrocarbon Equivalent (for vehicles equipped with
methanol-fueled engines).
(i) For vehicles with a Gross Vehicle Weight Rating of up to 14,000
lbs:
(A)(1) For the full three-diurnal test sequence described in Sec.
86.1230-96, diurnal plus hot soak measurements: 1.4 grams carbon per
test.
(2) For the supplemental two-diurnal test sequence described in
Sec. 86.1230-96, diurnal plus hot soak measurements: 1.75 grams carbon
per test.
(B) Running loss test: 0.05 grams carbon per mile.
(C) Fuel dispensing spitback test: 1.0 grams carbon per test.
(ii) For vehicles with a Gross Vehicle Weight Rating of greater than
14,000 lbs:
(A)(1) For the full three-diurnal test sequence described in Sec.
86.1230-96, diurnal plus hot soak measurements: 1.9 grams carbon per
test.
(2) For the supplemental two-diurnal test sequence described in
Sec. 86.1230-96, diurnal plus hot soak measurements: 2.3 grams carbon
per test.
(B) Running loss test: 0.05 grams carbon per mile.
(3)(i) For vehicles with a Gross Vehicle Weight Rating of up to
26,000 lbs, the standards set forth in paragraphs (b)(1) and (b)(2) of
this section refer to a composite sample of evaporative emissions
collected under the conditions and measured in accordance with the
procedures set forth in subpart M of this part.
(ii) For vehicles with a Gross Vehicle Weight Rating of greater than
26,000 lbs., the standards set forth in paragraphs (b)(1)(ii)
[[Page 82]]
and (b)(2)(ii) of this section refer to the manufacturer's engineering
design evaluation using good engineering practice (a statement of which
is required in Sec. 86.098-23(b)(4)(ii)).
(4) All fuel vapor generated in a gasoline- or methanol-fueled
heavy-duty vehicle during in-use operations shall be routed exclusively
to the evaporative control system (e.g., either canister or engine
purge). The only exception to this requirement shall be for emergencies.
(c) No crankcase emissions shall be discharged into the ambient
atmosphere from any new 2008 or later model year Otto-cycle HDE.
(d) Every manufacturer of new motor vehicle engines subject to the
standards prescribed in this section shall, prior to taking any of the
actions specified in section 203(a)(1) of the Act, test or cause to be
tested motor vehicle engines in accordance with applicable procedures in
subpart N or P of this part to ascertain that such test engines meet the
requirements of this section.
(e) [Reserved]. For guidance see Sec. 86.099-10.
(f) Phase-in options. (1)(i) For model year 2008, manufacturers may
certify some of their engine families to the exhaust standards
applicable to model year 2007 engines under Sec. 86.005-10, in lieu of
the exhaust standards specified in this section. These engines must
comply with all other requirements applicable to model year 2008
engines, except as allowed by paragraph (f)(1)(ii) of this section. The
combined number of engines in the engine families certified to the 2007
combined NOX plus NMHC standard may not exceed 50 percent of
the manufacturer's U.S.-directed production of heavy-duty Otto-cycle
motor vehicle engines for model year 2008, except as explicitly allowed
by paragraph (f)(2) of this section.
(ii) For model year 2008, manufacturers may certify some of their
engine families to the evaporative standards applicable to model year
2007 engines under Sec. 86.005-10, in lieu of the standards specified
in this section. These engines must comply with all other requirements
applicable to model year 2008 engines, except as allowed by paragraph
(f)(1)(i) of this section. The combined number of engines in the engine
families certified to the 2007 standards may not exceed 50 percent of
the manufacturer's U.S.-directed production of heavy-duty Otto-cycle
motor vehicle engines for model year 2008.
(2)(i) Manufacturers certifying engines to all of the applicable
exhaust standards listed in paragraph (a) of this section prior to model
year 2008 (without using credits) may reduce the number of engines that
are required to meet the NOX and NMHC exhaust standards
listed in paragraph (a) of this section in model year 2008 and/or 2009,
taking into account the phase-in option provided in paragraph (f)(1) of
this section. For every engine that is certified early, the manufacturer
may reduce the number of engines that are required by paragraph (f)(1)
of this section to meet the NOX and NMHC standards listed in
paragraph (a) of this section by one engine. For example, if a
manufacturer produces 100 heavy-duty Otto-cycle engines in 2007 that
meet all of the applicable standards listed in paragraph (a) of this
section, and it produced 10,000 heavy-duty Otto-cycle engines in 2009,
then only 9,900 of the engines would need to comply with the
NOX and NMHC standards listed in paragraph (a) of this
section.
(ii) Manufacturers certifying engines to all of the applicable
evaporative standards listed in paragraph (b) of this section prior to
model year 2008 may reduce the number of engines that are required to
meet the evaporative standards listed in paragraph (a) of this section
in model year 2008 and/or 2009, taking into account the phase-in option
provided in paragraph (f)(1) of this section. For every engine that is
certified early, the manufacturer may reduce the number of engines that
are required by paragraph (f)(1) of this section to meet evaporative
standards listed in paragraph (b) of this section by one engine.
(3) Manufacturers certifying engines to a voluntary NOX
standard of 0.10 g/bhp-hr (without using credits) in addition to all of
the applicable standards listed in paragraphs (a) and (b) of this
section prior to model year 2008 may reduce the number of engines that
are required to meet the NOX and NMHC standards listed in
paragraph (a) of this section in model year 2008 and/or 2009, taking
into account the phase-in option provided in paragraph (f)(1) of this
section. For such every engine that is certified early, the manufacturer
may reduce the number of engines that are required by paragraph (f)(1)
of this section to meet the NOX and NMHC standards listed in
paragraph (a) of this section by two engines.
(g) For model years prior to 2012, for purposes of determining
compliance after title or custody has transferred to the ultimate
purchaser, for engines having a NOX FEL no higher than 0.50
g/bhp-hr, the applicable compliance limits for NOX and NMHC
shall be determined by adding 0.10 g/bhp-hr to the otherwise applicable
standards or FELs for NOX and NMHC.