TABLE 2. EARNINGS BY DETAILED OCCUPATION: 1999
(Data for Civilian Noninstitutional Workers From the 2000 Census. Workers who worked 50 weeks
or more and 35 or more hours per week in 1999 were classified as year-round full-time workers.)
VIRGINIA; FEMALES
Percent Year-round Percent
Worked Median College Full-time Median College
in 1999 Earnings Graduates Workers Earnings Graduates
21 to 74 years 1,721,460 $21,734 32.6 1,040,280 $28,908 35.2
MANAGEMENT OCCUPATIONS
Chief executives 6,980 $58,022 57.1 5,550 $65,284 59.5
General and Operations Managers 7,695 $41,309 47.1 6,430 $43,622 46.5
Legislators 500 $45,789 89.6 355 $48,807 90.1
Advertising and Promotions Managers 1,005 $35,976 63.4 785 $41,195 62.8
Marketing and Sales Managers 13,555 $37,249 60.1 9,720 $42,144 60.6
Public Relations Managers 1,725 $48,771 68.2 1,390 $51,038 68.1
Administrative Services Managers 1,605 $40,369 33.1 1,310 $43,277 33.4
Computer and Information Systems Managers 4,460 $60,011 67.2 3,730 $62,462 66.6
Financial Managers 16,525 $37,221 42.5 13,615 $40,107 41.7
Human Resources Managers 8,910 $41,920 51.7 7,120 $46,257 51.7
Industrial Production Managers 1,285 $40,072 47.5 1,070 $43,274 47.5
Purchasing Managers 4,255 $45,319 50.4 3,510 $48,730 50.3
Transportation, Storage, and Distribution Managers 1,535 $40,000 33.2 1,365 $41,747 31.6
Farm, Ranch, and Other Agricultural Managers 765 $20,895 34.7 505 $23,656 37.3
Farmers and Ranchers 1,525 $11,180 28.3 785 $16,409 31.6
Construction Managers 1,825 $40,035 36.5 1,390 $41,171 38.1
Education Administrators 11,915 $36,636 73.7 8,065 $42,409 75.6
Engineering Managers 410 $70,714 81.7 350 $72,143 84.6
Food Service Managers 9,135 $22,004 16.5 6,125 $25,751 17.0
Funeral Directors 180 $21,944 7.9 120 $26,771 11.6
Gaming Managers 255 $12,372 23.1 115 $20,926 25.4
Lodging Managers 1,835 $23,617 34.3 1,320 $28,480 35.9
Medical and Health Services Managers 6,585 $36,692 48.5 5,490 $39,767 49.7
Natural Sciences Managers 215 $60,000 87.5 190 $77,143 85.6
Postmasters and Mail Superintendents 650 $38,889 14.8 470 $41,471 15.5
Property, Real Estate, and Community Association
Managers 6,590 $30,099 27.4 4,860 $32,463 27.8
Social and Community Service Managers 6,195 $35,457 70.1 4,660 $40,229 72.4
Managers, All Other 25,870 $42,257 54.1 20,260 $48,261 54.1
BUSINESS AND FINANCIAL OPERATIONS OCCUPATIONS
Agents and Business Managers of Artists,Performers,
and Athletes 295 $22,143 40.1 160 $37,614 45.3
Purchasing Agents and Buyers, Farm Products 70 $32,273 61.8 55 $32,273 64.8
Wholesale and Retail Buyers, Except Farm Products 3,490 $20,463 28.2 1,980 $29,598 26.7
Purchasing Agents, Except Wholesale, Retail, and
Farm Products 4,700 $35,089 32.0 4,020 $36,113 30.6
Claims Adusters, Appraisers, Examiners, and
Investigators 4,485 $30,044 32.8 3,635 $31,213 31.0
Compliance Officers, Except Agriculture, Construction,
Health and Safety, and Transportation 1,545 $36,789 53.8 1,275 $40,141 53.8
Cost Estimators 370 $31,313 31.5 290 $34,013 32.9
TABLE 2. EARNINGS BY DETAILED OCCUPATION: 1999
(Data for Civilian Noninstitutional Workers From the 2000 Census. Workers who worked 50 weeks
or more and 35 or more hours per week in 1999 were classified as year-round full-time workers.)
VIRGINIA; FEMALES
Percent Year-round Percent
Worked Median College Full-time Median College
in 1999 Earnings Graduates Workers Earnings Graduates
Human Resources, Training, and Labor Relations
Specialists 21,010 $35,460 52.8 15,800 $38,267 52.1
Logisticians 1,070 $34,832 36.5 820 $39,863 37.1
Management Analysts 11,360 $46,880 70.9 7,665 $52,083 67.6
Meeting and Convention Planners 1,820 $33,807 63.9 1,340 $35,912 64.9
Other Business Operations Specialists 5,335 $31,565 41.5 3,905 $35,391 39.8
Accountants and Auditors 32,210 $33,010 62.6 23,500 $37,313 62.9
Appraisers and Assessors of Real Estate 840 $30,851 33.1 675 $38,068 30.7
Budget Analysts 3,060 $50,785 46.2 2,645 $51,371 44.1
Credit Analysts 495 $26,100 39.7 365 $28,207 30.9
Financial Analysts 645 $39,674 59.2 505 $41,536 56.4
Personal Financial Advisors 2,200 $37,042 62.0 1,485 $40,544 55.8
Insurance Underwriters 1,730 $31,669 36.0 1,435 $33,297 36.4
Financial Examiners 140 $52,917 100.0 120 $54,583 100.0
Loan Counselors and Officers 5,010 $32,049 27.3 4,040 $34,759 27.9
Tax Examiners, Collectors, and Revenue Agents 950 $33,209 31.7 760 $35,951 31.9
Tax Preparers 2,145 $7,935 32.6 565 $29,091 34.0
Financial Specialists, All Other 875 $31,344 34.9 700 $32,948 34.3
COMPUTER AND MATHEMATICAL OCCUPATIONS
Computer Scientists and System Analyts 10,325 $48,270 64.2 7,980 $51,125 62.6
Computer Programmers 6,630 $46,317 67.1 4,900 $50,432 64.4
Computer Software Engineers 11,110 $53,914 71.5 8,865 $58,341 69.0
Computer Support Specialists 6,775 $40,768 44.7 5,295 $46,385 44.1
Database Administrators 1,535 $43,073 64.0 1,165 $50,152 63.0
Network and Computer Systems Administrators 2,360 $43,981 44.3 1,830 $46,100 43.2
Network Systems and Data Communication Analysts 4,820 $40,517 62.1 3,425 $44,579 60.4
Actuaries 175 $61,094 100.0 120 $64,500 100.0
Mathematicians 55 $47,266 100.0 45 $55,893 100.0
Operations Research Analysts 4,485 $55,938 72.4 3,725 $59,179 71.2
Statisticians 600 $46,188 87.1 405 $50,769 89.4
Miscellaneous Mathematical Science Occupations 70 $28,750 90.1 40 $37,308 100.0
ARCHITECTURE, ENGINEERING OCCUPATIONS
Architects, Except Naval 1,395 $31,510 87.2 750 $40,893 89.9
Surveyors, Cartographers, and Photogrammetrists 325 $45,962 85.6 240 $51,089 80.5
Aerospace Engineers 290 $53,500 74.5 240 $60,000 72.3
Agricultural Engineers 0 . . 0 . .
Biomedical Engineers 20 $35,536 100.0 4 $58,750 100.0
Chemical Engineers 335 $55,766 91.0 275 $57,837 92.3
Civil Engineers 855 $40,851 82.8 630 $42,416 79.9
Computer Hardware Engineers 370 $49,861 66.0 295 $55,045 71.2
Electrical and Electronic Engineers 1,020 $45,147 61.7 820 $48,643 61.7
Environmental Engineers 195 $45,573 100.0 150 $47,083 100.0
Industrial Engineers, Including Health and Safety 750 $40,303 56.4 600 $42,331 57.5
Marine Engineers and Naval Architects 125 $43,295 100.0 85 $45,694 100.0
TABLE 2. EARNINGS BY DETAILED OCCUPATION: 1999
(Data for Civilian Noninstitutional Workers From the 2000 Census. Workers who worked 50 weeks
or more and 35 or more hours per week in 1999 were classified as year-round full-time workers.)
VIRGINIA; FEMALES
Percent Year-round Percent
Worked Median College Full-time Median College
in 1999 Earnings Graduates Workers Earnings Graduates
Materials Engineers 95 $51,016 89.5 80 $51,607 93.8
Mechanical Engineers 515 $41,431 65.3 410 $44,438 71.5
Mining and Geological Engineers,Including Mining
Safety Engineers 0 . . 0 . .
Nuclear Engineers 60 $49,722 77.6 40 $53,125 69.0
Petroleum Engineers 4 $63,750 0.0 4 $63,750 0.0
Engineers, All Others 1,330 $49,672 77.6 1,025 $55,551 75.9
Drafters 1,300 $23,423 29.5 800 $29,702 30.2
Engineering Technicians, Except Drafters 2,585 $28,563 20.7 1,890 $30,999 21.3
Surveying and Mapping Technicians 155 $23,472 8.4 110 $30,179 11.8
LIFE, PHYSICAL, AND SOCIAL SCIENCE OCCUPATIONS
Agricultural and Food Scientists 250 $27,083 56.7 150 $41,875 60.3
Biological Scientists 970 $31,616 94.5 685 $40,035 94.9
Conservation Scientists and Foresters 170 $31,532 76.2 115 $40,417 86.0
Medical Scientists 755 $36,552 99.6 580 $42,460 100.0
Astronomers and Physicists 115 $55,536 91.5 90 $56,429 89.1
Atmospheric and Space Scientists 65 $41,625 95.4 45 $46,719 93.6
Chemists and Materials Scientists 680 $38,750 93.5 535 $46,927 95.5
Environmental Scientists and Geoscientists 995 $46,218 93.7 765 $55,345 92.9
Physical Scientists, All Other 1,795 $35,399 96.9 1,145 $45,734 97.5
Economists 1,295 $65,186 99.5 1,025 $70,212 100.0
Market/Survey Researchers 1,275 $31,614 76.0 750 $43,300 78.2
Psychologists 2,500 $42,152 99.1 1,130 $49,627 98.9
Sociologists 60 $65,313 100.0 55 $65,938 100.0
Urban and Regional Planners 345 $41,799 85.1 270 $44,583 81.3
Miscellaneous Social Scientists and Related Workers 1,165 $40,045 88.5 850 $46,510 88.6
Agricultural and Food Science Technicians 275 $24,432 25.3 200 $37,031 26.9
Biological Technicians 130 $30,676 43.9 125 $30,517 40.3
Chemical Technicians 890 $26,013 25.1 670 $29,946 22.6
Geological and Petroleum Technicians 45 $60,625 38.6 30 $62,500 31.3
Nuclear Technicians 65 $44,722 27.3 65 $44,722 27.3
Other Life, Physical, and Social Science Technicians 2,270 $23,938 49.0 1,145 $31,032 45.1
COMMUNITY AND SOCIAL SERVICES OCCUPATIONS
Counselors 12,110 $27,770 77.4 6,130 $31,554 78.6
Social Workers 10,665 $29,522 79.5 7,600 $31,630 79.0
Misc. Community and Social Service Specialists 5,155 $25,665 52.9 3,515 $29,470 54.9
Clergy 1,730 $20,093 73.3 990 $29,000 82.5
Directors, Religious Activities and Education 1,020 $16,728 67.5 480 $25,720 68.9
Religious Workers, All Other 1,370 $15,933 52.4 585 $26,569 58.1
LEGAL OCCUPATIONS
Lawyers 10,250 $64,626 99.7 7,455 $72,733 99.9
Judges, Magistrates, and Other Judicial Workers 735 $44,261 74.0 645 $47,625 76.7
Paralegals and Legal Assistants 9,640 $30,504 44.2 7,110 $32,788 38.7
Miscellaneous Legal Support Workers 5,785 $29,377 52.0 3,755 $33,670 48.3
TABLE 2. EARNINGS BY DETAILED OCCUPATION: 1999
(Data for Civilian Noninstitutional Workers From the 2000 Census. Workers who worked 50 weeks
or more and 35 or more hours per week in 1999 were classified as year-round full-time workers.)
VIRGINIA; FEMALES
Percent Year-round Percent
Worked Median College Full-time Median College
in 1999 Earnings Graduates Workers Earnings Graduates
EDUCATION, TRAINING, AND LIBRARY OCCUPATIONS
Postsecondary Teachers 14,580 $27,386 90.6 8,175 $41,103 91.4
Preschool and Kindergarten Teachers 13,435 $11,431 42.9 6,400 $17,102 40.3
Elementary and Middle School Teachers 74,015 $30,872 93.1 54,345 $33,221 96.1
Secondary School Teachers 13,735 $31,524 95.5 10,435 $34,260 97.6
Special Education Teachers 4,505 $31,178 91.9 3,765 $32,327 93.8
Other Teachers and Instructors 9,495 $13,660 62.6 3,065 $30,815 60.8
Archivists, Curators, and Museum Technicians 1,225 $30,067 77.6 735 $38,269 81.7
Librarians 5,505 $34,926 88.6 3,085 $39,416 90.3
Library Technicians 1,015 $14,267 27.8 445 $23,589 28.8
Teacher Assistants 19,865 $10,639 18.1 4,360 $14,643 16.2
Other Education, Training, and Library Workers 1,310 $32,380 77.9 725 $41,413 79.8
ARTS, DESIGN, ENTERTAINMENT, SPORTS, AND MEDIA
OCCUPATIONS
Artists and Related Workers 3,015 $10,138 56.5 1,260 $22,585 56.3
Designers 11,230 $22,918 50.2 5,920 $30,995 53.6
Actors 135 $14,250 45.2 35 $20,893 36.4
Producers and Directors 1,225 $35,611 78.0 925 $39,500 77.5
Athletes, Coaches, Umpires and Related Workers 1,205 $9,269 49.5 350 $28,438 52.9
Dancers and Choreographers 385 $11,685 7.3 65 $12,500 15.2
Musicians, Singers and Related Workers 1,810 $10,602 60.7 335 $30,321 65.5
Entertainers and Performers, Sports and Related
Workers, All Other 310 $6,979 29.5 70 $30,852 12.7
Announcers 395 $37,171 51.6 270 $49,821 58.7
News Analysts, Reporters, and Correspondents 1,630 $31,381 86.5 1,075 $40,481 90.4
Public Relations Specialists 4,680 $37,351 78.8 3,420 $43,840 83.0
Editors 4,465 $34,291 79.0 2,820 $41,271 78.4
Technical Writers 1,535 $40,857 73.2 1,115 $42,159 74.8
Writers and Authors 2,950 $26,346 82.0 1,430 $39,087 76.7
Miscellaneous Media and Communication Workers 1,575 $22,375 59.6 595 $34,028 56.0
Broadcast and Sound Engineering Technicians and
Radio Operators 300 $25,114 49.8 180 $29,931 47.0
Photographers 1,025 $13,938 29.6 410 $24,175 28.4
Television, Video and Motion Picture Camera
Operators and Editors 310 $18,430 25.0 115 $22,674 12.2
Media and Communication Equipment Workers,
All Other 20 $31,250 0.0 10 $15,000 0.0
HEALTHCARE PRACTIONERS AND TECHNICAL OCCUPATIONS
Chiropractors 215 $22,022 91.2 80 $30,250 91.3
Dentists 675 $51,997 100.0 385 $66,250 100.0
Dieticians and Nutritionists 1,800 $23,692 62.2 945 $30,872 63.8
Optometrists 200 $56,250 100.0 115 $66,786 100.0
Pharmacists 2,420 $51,782 92.8 1,385 $61,446 93.8
Physicians and Surgeons 5,110 $62,177 99.5 3,295 $82,500 99.7
Physician Assistants 880 $24,455 53.1 500 $30,189 49.8
TABLE 2. EARNINGS BY DETAILED OCCUPATION: 1999
(Data for Civilian Noninstitutional Workers From the 2000 Census. Workers who worked 50 weeks
or more and 35 or more hours per week in 1999 were classified as year-round full-time workers.)
VIRGINIA; FEMALES
Percent Year-round Percent
Worked Median College Full-time Median College
in 1999 Earnings Graduates Workers Earnings Graduates
Podiatrists 70 $30,469 100.0 40 $22,232 100.0
Registered Nurses 56,105 $35,964 52.7 33,615 $41,514 51.0
Audiologists 165 $46,250 97.6 105 $50,625 100.0
Occupational Therapists 1,390 $37,095 91.3 580 $45,663 92.1
Physical Therapists 2,695 $40,343 89.2 1,390 $48,003 89.4
Radiation Therapists 125 $40,263 50.8 100 $41,842 45.9
Recreational Therapists 345 $24,211 78.8 195 $28,750 86.7
Respiratory Therapists 1,325 $32,188 27.7 845 $36,735 26.5
Speech-Language Pathologists 2,190 $34,276 98.7 750 $39,010 98.1
Therapists, All Others 1,385 $28,929 81.9 810 $38,028 83.5
Veterinarians 895 $43,603 100.0 540 $51,786 100.0
Health Diagnosing and Treating Practioners,
All Other 90 $22,813 90.9 30 $75,156 100.0
Clinical Lab Technologists and Technicians 5,855 $27,921 59.4 3,805 $32,220 59.3
Dental Hygienists 2,580 $33,652 46.0 830 $44,487 41.2
Diagnostic Related Technologists and Technicians 4,005 $30,526 21.9 2,575 $35,046 21.3
Emergency Medical Technicians and Paramedics 565 $20,045 12.9 340 $27,443 13.0
Health Diagnosing and Treating Practioners Support
Technicians 5,135 $17,916 13.1 3,065 $21,237 12.0
Licensed Practical and Licensed Vocational Nurses 17,445 $22,632 7.1 10,550 $26,280 6.6
Medical Records and Health Information Technicians 1,490 $20,859 16.8 940 $25,244 15.0
Opticians, Dispensing 1,030 $24,492 19.6 735 $28,611 22.5
Miscellaneous Health Technologists and Technicians 1,465 $21,670 25.4 810 $25,076 26.0
Other Healthcare Practioners and Technical
Occupations 640 $27,442 64.5 310 $33,229 80.6
HEALTHCARE SUPPORT OCCUPATIONS
Nursing, Psychiatric, and Home Health Aides 35,495 $14,271 5.0 17,940 $17,754 4.5
Occupational Therapist Assistants and Aides 205 $26,140 2.9 115 $27,281 0.0
Physical Therapist Assistants and Aides 1,245 $22,202 28.0 650 $28,857 24.2
Massage Therapists 940 $15,842 49.3 360 $22,250 46.7
Dental Assistants 5,240 $18,984 9.0 2,555 $22,159 9.1
Medical Assistants and Other Healthcare Support
Occupations 11,170 $16,761 12.7 6,080 $20,830 11.5
PROTECTIVE SERVICE OCCUPATIONS
First-Line Supervisors/Managers of Correctional
Officers 420 $27,184 27.5 380 $28,426 30.4
First-Line Supervisors/Managers of Police and
Detectives 425 $42,317 32.4 405 $45,170 31.2
First-Line Supervisors/Managers of Fire Fighting and
Prevention Workers 50 $36,172 10.2 40 $35,938 0.0
Supervisors, Protective Service Workers, All Other 755 $31,185 31.2 600 $35,395 34.2
Fire Fighters 370 $32,421 19.0 325 $37,361 12.1
Fire Inspectors 20 $16,250 0.0 4 $36,250 0.0
Baliffs, Correctional Officers and Jailers 3,620 $24,606 6.6 2,790 $25,254 7.0
Detectives and Criminal Investigators 880 $57,017 75.5 745 $59,922 72.3
Fish and Game Wardens 15 $85,313 57.1 15 $85,313 57.1
TABLE 2. EARNINGS BY DETAILED OCCUPATION: 1999
(Data for Civilian Noninstitutional Workers From the 2000 Census. Workers who worked 50 weeks
or more and 35 or more hours per week in 1999 were classified as year-round full-time workers.)
VIRGINIA; FEMALES
Percent Year-round Percent
Worked Median College Full-time Median College
in 1999 Earnings Graduates Workers Earnings Graduates
Parking Enforcement Workers 70 $18,333 0.0 35 $23,036 0.0
Police and Sheriff Patrol Officers 2,280 $32,089 35.6 1,915 $34,137 37.9
Transit and Railroad Police 20 $43,214 0.0 20 $43,214 0.0
Animal Control Workers 90 $28,906 28.1 80 $35,263 17.9
Private Detectives and Investigators 685 $41,659 49.5 520 $51,522 47.7
Security Guards and Gaming Surveillance Officers 5,440 $18,832 12.4 3,290 $26,003 13.8
Crossing Guards 540 $7,045 3.0 55 $13,092 0.0
Lifeguards and Other Protective Service Workers 735 $5,799 21.0 100 $29,500 58.2
FOOD PREPARATION AND SERVING RELATED OCCUPATIONS
Chefs and Head Cooks 1,465 $17,151 17.9 915 $21,190 15.7
First-Line Supervisors/Managers of Food Preparation
and Serving Workers 8,135 $15,955 7.0 4,565 $19,384 9.2
Cooks 20,695 $10,813 2.7 8,570 $14,912 2.9
Food Preparation Workers 7,105 $10,288 4.6 2,635 $16,121 3.6
Bartenders 3,160 $12,061 10.1 1,220 $15,884 3.3
Combined Food Preparation and Serving Workers,
Including Fast Food 4,915 $11,301 2.9 2,020 $15,842 2.8
Counter Attendants, Cafeteria, Food Concession and
Coffee Shop 1,370 $8,193 6.5 390 $12,708 0.0
Waiters and Waitresses 22,045 $10,143 9.5 7,050 $15,003 8.5
Food Servers, Nonrestaurant 2,355 $11,821 3.7 1,025 $16,090 2.0
Dining Room and Cafeteria Attendants and Bartender
Helpers 4,300 $7,084 3.8 820 $15,000 2.2
Dishwashers 1,210 $8,364 1.7 400 $12,447 1.0
Hosts and Hostesses, Restaurant, Lounge, and Coffee
Shop 2,200 $7,197 7.3 555 $15,259 3.1
Food Preparation and Serving Related Workers,
All Other 170 $10,234 0.0 90 $16,012 0.0
BUILDING AND GROUNDS CLEANING AND MAINTENANCE
OCCUPATIONS
First-Line Supervisors/Managers of Housekeeping and
Janitorial Workers 2,720 $16,592 5.4 1,720 $19,959 5.0
First-Line Supervisors/Managers of Landscaping, Lawn
Service, and Groundskeeping Workers 330 $16,515 17.8 195 $26,845 25.6
Janitors and Building Cleaners 16,080 $11,747 2.8 6,820 $16,331 2.0
Maids and Housekeeping Cleaners 32,110 $10,841 2.0 12,635 $14,110 1.7
Pest Control Workers 125 $18,359 0.0 75 $23,636 0.0
Grounds Maintenance Workers 1,935 $9,904 13.6 695 $16,045 12.1
PERSONAL CARE AND SERVICE OCCUPATIONS
First-Line Supervisors/Managers of Gaming Workers 275 $17,353 36.5 175 $30,958 43.9
First-Line Supervisors/Managers of Personal Service
Workers 1,760 $21,925 19.8 1,285 $24,011 22.9
Animal Trainers 460 $12,292 31.1 315 $14,811 29.4
Nonfarm Animal Caretakers 2,290 $14,500 15.8 1,080 $19,699 14.9
TABLE 2. EARNINGS BY DETAILED OCCUPATION: 1999
(Data for Civilian Noninstitutional Workers From the 2000 Census. Workers who worked 50 weeks
or more and 35 or more hours per week in 1999 were classified as year-round full-time workers.)
VIRGINIA; FEMALES
Percent Year-round Percent
Worked Median College Full-time Median College
in 1999 Earnings Graduates Workers Earnings Graduates
Gaming Workers 70 $10,667 6.9 25 $16,953 0.0
Motion Picture Projectionists 10 $18,750 0.0 10 $18,750 0.0
Ushers,Lobby Attendants, and Ticket Takers 255 $6,548 11.7 65 $19,896 21.2
Miscellaneous Entertainment Attendants and Related
Workers 785 $6,898 22.3 165 $17,188 26.2
Funeral Service Workers 70 $30,375 11.4 50 $30,750 16.0
Barbers 585 $15,549 2.7 365 $17,639 4.4
Hairdressers, Hairstylists, and Cosmetologists 16,025 $15,400 6.0 7,960 $20,269 7.0
Miscellaneous Personal Appearance Workers 3,000 $12,737 5.4 1,210 $17,404 3.6
Baggage Porters, Bellhops, and Concierges 235 $20,308 22.4 70 $21,725 13.0
Tour and Travel Guides 880 $7,036 42.6 185 $22,829 44.8
Transportation Attendants 3,400 $27,077 35.0 1,225 $34,477 34.7
Child Care Workers 32,680 $9,957 14.2 14,470 $14,551 12.4
Personal and Home Care Aides 4,140 $9,558 6.8 1,310 $16,259 8.5
Recreation and Fitness Workers 4,980 $11,705 43.6 1,870 $25,364 48.7
Residential Advisors 1,060 $12,870 24.3 415 $20,648 23.6
Personal Care and Service Workers, All Other 400 $7,716 23.8 120 $14,327 14.9
SALES AND RELATED OCCUPATIONS
First-Line Supervisors/Managers of Retail Sales
Workers 34,350 $20,809 17.4 24,850 $23,157 16.4
First-Line Supervisors/Managers of Non-Retail Sales
Workers 8,345 $28,981 32.3 6,445 $31,723 32.0
Cashiers 43,575 $10,533 5.5 17,120 $15,358 4.8
Counter and Rental Clerks 2,050 $11,104 6.7 840 $16,671 5.1
Parts Salespersons 530 $18,919 6.8 375 $21,497 5.1
Retail Salespersons 42,820 $11,801 19.6 16,895 $19,984 18.7
Advertising Sales Agents 2,570 $30,244 43.8 1,810 $34,724 43.6
Insurance Sales Agents 6,420 $25,773 22.1 4,845 $28,203 23.1
Securities, Commodities, and Finanancial Services
Sales Agents 2,145 $33,663 51.6 1,640 $36,294 48.4
Travel Agents 3,330 $20,721 29.9 2,020 $25,743 26.8
Sales Representatives, Services, All Other 6,125 $32,438 42.8 4,030 $41,912 46.6
Sales Representatives, Wholesale and Manufacturing 7,490 $30,082 40.2 5,035 $36,327 44.6
Models, Demonstrators, and Product Promoters 1,100 $5,323 22.6 260 $20,435 29.1
Real Estate Brokers and Sales Agents 11,480 $27,315 36.2 6,745 $38,204 40.1
Sales Engineers 75 $56,375 42.7 60 $56,625 42.6
Telemarketers 4,680 $10,563 11.1 1,575 $17,030 14.1
Door-To-Door Sales Workers, News and Street Vendors
and Related Workers 2,700 $8,980 21.2 750 $18,665 14.4
Sales and Related Workers, All Other 3,500 $24,890 53.5 1,955 $35,552 57.2
OFFICE AND ADMINISTRATIVE SUPPORT OCCUPATIONS
First-Line Supervisors/Managers of Office and
Administrative Support Workers 33,540 $28,634 24.7 25,740 $31,346 23.8
Switchboard Operators, Including Answering Service 1,775 $16,219 7.5 975 $20,129 8.6
TABLE 2. EARNINGS BY DETAILED OCCUPATION: 1999
(Data for Civilian Noninstitutional Workers From the 2000 Census. Workers who worked 50 weeks
or more and 35 or more hours per week in 1999 were classified as year-round full-time workers.)
VIRGINIA; FEMALES
Percent Year-round Percent
Worked Median College Full-time Median College
in 1999 Earnings Graduates Workers Earnings Graduates
Telephone Operators 2,065 $16,853 8.2 1,215 $21,148 8.6
Communication Equipment Operators, All Other 230 $24,567 13.0 180 $26,838 12.7
Bill and Account Collectors 4,660 $22,733 10.8 3,280 $25,012 11.6
Billing and Posting Clerks and Machine Operators 7,930 $21,396 13.8 5,740 $23,859 14.6
Bookkeeping, Accounting, and Auditing Clerks 39,590 $21,570 12.9 25,845 $25,153 9.8
Gaming Cage Workers 0 . . 0 . .
Payroll and Timekeeping Clerks 4,785 $25,252 12.5 3,655 $26,849 10.7
Procurement Clerks 1,110 $28,478 22.2 915 $30,179 18.4
Tellers 10,215 $15,856 9.4 5,740 $18,684 7.4
Brokerage Clerks 185 $22,175 56.2 90 $28,750 59.6
Correspondence Clerks 295 $25,075 43.7 190 $26,083 31.1
Court, Municipal, and License Clerks 1,090 $25,179 16.6 835 $27,416 16.3
Credit Authorizers, Checkers and Clerks 1,000 $21,693 20.3 665 $26,758 23.2
Customer Service Representatives 37,405 $20,728 17.7 23,600 $24,336 16.7
Eligibility Interviewers, Government Programs 2,375 $25,715 31.0 1,900 $26,957 30.7
File Clerks 5,230 $17,285 18.9 2,770 $23,514 17.4
Hotel, Motel, and Resort Desk Clerks 1,935 $11,891 11.3 795 $15,890 9.3
Interviewers Except Eligibility and Loan 2,770 $12,854 18.6 1,120 $21,157 12.7
Library Assistants, Clerical 3,565 $10,447 35.5 940 $22,138 39.0
Loan Interviewers and Clerks 3,105 $26,476 15.6 2,595 $27,652 16.2
New Account Clerks 245 $24,830 10.7 235 $25,129 10.3
Order Clerks 3,030 $16,800 14.1 1,710 $22,045 15.8
Human Resources Assistants, Except Payroll and
Timekeeping 1,625 $27,159 27.0 1,180 $30,632 24.2
Receptionists and Information Clerks 24,625 $14,910 13.8 11,215 $20,466 10.8
Reservation and Transportation Ticket Agents and
Travel Clerks 2,770 $19,198 23.3 1,495 $26,098 23.8
Information and Record Clerks, All Other 1,465 $18,642 17.4 890 $21,830 17.3
Cargo and Freight Agents 205 $28,295 15.7 165 $30,000 13.3
Couriers and Messengers 1,215 $16,511 14.9 585 $22,883 15.0
Dispatchers 3,170 $21,989 5.8 2,345 $24,916 6.6
Meter Readers, Utilities 165 $23,125 6.7 120 $25,700 5.7
Postal Service Clerks 2,585 $35,060 12.3 1,750 $38,566 12.8
Postal Service Mail Carriers 2,350 $31,848 9.2 1,570 $37,362 8.1
Postal Service Mail Sorters, Processors, and
Processing Machine Operators 1,430 $34,198 13.0 1,000 $37,551 13.2
Production, Planning, and Expediting Clerks 5,070 $26,007 27.4 3,645 $29,907 27.0
Shipping, Receiving, and Traffic Clerks 4,760 $17,465 5.1 3,135 $19,912 3.4
Stock Clerks and Order Fillers 12,155 $16,705 5.7 6,855 $21,156 5.5
Weighers, Measurers, Checkers, and Samplers,
Recordkeeping 875 $18,033 7.0 530 $21,467 9.8
Secretaries and Administrative Assistants 103,655 $22,592 15.9 69,275 $26,597 14.1
Computer Operators 3,915 $23,809 15.8 2,755 $26,911 15.7
Data Entry Keyers 12,455 $18,253 14.2 6,965 $22,140 9.6
Word Processors and Typists 3,845 $20,025 15.1 2,170 $23,829 13.8
Desktop Publishers 365 $26,818 42.6 235 $33,472 33.5
Insurance Claims and Policy Processing Clerks 4,175 $22,645 15.9 3,080 $24,662 15.4
TABLE 2. EARNINGS BY DETAILED OCCUPATION: 1999
(Data for Civilian Noninstitutional Workers From the 2000 Census. Workers who worked 50 weeks
or more and 35 or more hours per week in 1999 were classified as year-round full-time workers.)
VIRGINIA; FEMALES
Percent Year-round Percent
Worked Median College Full-time Median College
in 1999 Earnings Graduates Workers Earnings Graduates
Mail Clerks and Mail Machine Operators, Except
Postal Service 2,905 $16,715 6.4 1,635 $20,760 5.4
Office Clerks, General 29,210 $19,030 14.9 16,560 $23,654 11.9
Office Machine Operators, Except Computer 795 $16,498 10.4 470 $20,330 8.3
Proofreaders and Copy Markers 455 $21,516 31.1 305 $23,789 16.8
Statistical Assistants 1,050 $25,588 25.3 735 $30,865 21.7
Office and Administrative Support Workers, All Other 10,740 $25,053 30.2 7,345 $29,284 28.9
FARMING, FISHING, AND FORESTRY OCCUPATIONS
First-Line Supervisors/Managers of Farming, Fishing
and Forestry Workers 160 $20,547 36.1 80 $26,029 0.0
Agricultural Inspectors 130 $26,875 11.6 80 $32,604 11.0
Animal Breeders 65 $20,083 4.6 20 $33,333 16.7
Graders and Sorters, Agricultural Products 280 $10,429 0.0 75 $19,632 0.0
Miscellaneous Agricultural Workers 2,630 $10,048 11.6 1,050 $16,053 9.8
Fishers and Related Fishing Workers 60 $4,583 0.0 4 $21,250 0.0
Hunters and Trappers 4 $16,250 100.0 4 $16,250 100.0
Forest and Conservation Workers 35 $10,972 28.6 10 $81,000 83.3
Logging Workers 95 $13,558 0.0 50 $14,327 0.0
CONSTRUCTION AND EXTRACTION WORKERS
First-Line Supervisors/Managers of Construction
Trades and Extraction Workers 710 $25,342 20.9 525 $27,055 18.5
Boilermakers 35 $35,156 0.0 25 $36,719 0.0
Brickmasons, Blockmasons, and Stonemasons 50 $20,313 0.0 35 $22,344 0.0
Carpenters 545 $16,215 14.1 295 $22,643 14.2
Carpet, Floor and Tile Installers and Finishers 100 $20,096 0.0 35 $22,266 0.0
Cement Masons, Concrete Finishers, and Terrazzo
Workers 25 $19,643 0.0 25 $19,643 0.0
Contruction Laborers 1,115 $14,461 8.1 495 $25,703 7.1
Paving, Surfacing, and Tamping Equipment Operators 45 $15,815 0.0 25 $16,250 0.0
Pile-Driver Operators 0 . . 0 . .
Operating Engineers and Other Construction Equipment
Operators 155 $19,306 5.1 90 $27,813 0.0
Drywall Installers, Ceiling Tile Installers, and
Tapers 135 $21,629 17.8 85 $22,462 27.6
Electricians 625 $22,185 9.5 465 $29,800 10.6
Glaziers 70 $20,625 9.7 50 $25,938 0.0
Insulation Workers 180 $25,817 0.0 105 $26,731 0.0
Painters, Construction and Maintenance 1,185 $9,534 18.9 380 $21,810 12.2
Paperhangers 175 $10,273 3.5 75 $15,882 7.9
Pipelayers, Plumbers, Pipefitters, and Steamfitters 265 $23,875 8.3 190 $28,333 11.5
Plasterers and Stucco Masons 15 $4,432 35.3 4 $41,250 100.0
Reinforcing Iron Workers 0 . . 0 . .
Roofers 90 $13,250 0.0 35 $21,111 0.0
Sheet Metal Workers 305 $19,063 0.7 200 $21,172 1.0
Structural Iron and Steel Workers 40 $3,958 24.4 15 $17,031 0.0
Helpers, Construction Trades 130 $14,000 18.5 25 $27,625 14.8
Construction and Building Inspectors 240 $30,854 21.8 160 $31,311 26.7
Elevator Installers and Repairers 10 $30,833 0.0 10 $30,833 0.0
TABLE 2. EARNINGS BY DETAILED OCCUPATION: 1999
(Data for Civilian Noninstitutional Workers From the 2000 Census. Workers who worked 50 weeks
or more and 35 or more hours per week in 1999 were classified as year-round full-time workers.)
VIRGINIA; FEMALES
Percent Year-round Percent
Worked Median College Full-time Median College
in 1999 Earnings Graduates Workers Earnings Graduates
Fence Erectors 10 $8,125 0.0 0 . .
Hazardous Materials Removal Workers 60 $19,236 30.5 20 $27,500 0.0
Highway Maintenance Workers 85 $20,938 26.5 50 $21,875 29.4
Rail-Track Laying and Maintenance Equipment
Operators 0 . . 0 . .
Septic Tank Services and Sewer Pipe Cleaners 10 $8,750 0.0 0 . .
Miscellaneous Construction and Related Workers 60 $32,865 23.7 40 $33,802 34.1
Derrick, Rotary Drill, and Service Unit Operators,
Oil, Gas, and Mining 0 . . 0 . .
Earth Drillers Except Oil and Gas 20 $36,250 0.0 10 $7,500 0.0
Explosives Workers, Ordnance handling Experts, and
Blasters 40 $25,781 19.5 30 $27,344 25.8
Mining Machine Operators 25 $11,917 0.0 15 $11,250 0.0
Roof Bolters, Mining 4 $8,750 0.0 0 . .
Roustabouts, Oil and Gas 0 . . 0 . .
Helpers - Extraction Workers 0 . . 0 . .
Other Extraction Workers 20 $39,167 0.0 20 $39,167 0.0
INSTALLATION, MAINTENANCE AND REPAIR OCCUPATIONS
First-Line Supervisors/Managers of Mechanics,
Installers and Repairers 955 $36,071 22.7 835 $41,115 24.3
Computer, Automated Teller, and Office Machine
Repairers 995 $29,054 14.1 735 $30,250 14.9
Radio and Telecommunications Equipment Installers
and Repairers 1,015 $39,323 11.8 810 $41,149 8.5
Avionics Technicians 60 $32,500 11.3 60 $32,500 11.3
Electric Motor, Power Tool, and Related Repairers 65 $19,821 10.8 45 $35,417 15.9
Electrical and Electronics Repairers, Transportation
Equipment 4 $66,250 0.0 4 $66,250 0.0
Electrical and Electronics Repairers, Industrial and
Utility 25 $51,250 0.0 20 $51,827 0.0
Electronic Equipment Installers and Repairers, Motor
Vehicles 15 $62,875 0.0 15 $62,875 0.0
Electronic Home Entertainment Equipment Installers
and Repairers 100 $22,917 14.3 60 $43,125 13.3
Security and Fire Alarm Systems Installers 25 $15,469 0.0 15 $17,188 0.0
Aircraft Mechanics and Service Technicians 160 $25,625 10.1 125 $29,485 13.0
Automotive Body and Related Repairers 65 $21,797 16.4 40 $31,250 11.9
Automotive Glass Installers and Repairers 4 $16,250 0.0 4 $16,250 0.0
Automotive Service Technicians and Mechanics 540 $21,940 5.6 355 $23,875 2.0
Bus and Truck Mechanics and Diesel Engine
Specialists 95 $33,571 13.5 85 $37,656 15.3
Heavy Vehicle and Mobile Equipment Service
Technicians and Mechanics 25 $27,500 0.0 25 $27,500 0.0
Small Engine Mechanics 20 $18,333 0.0 15 $65,179 0.0
Miscellaneous Vehicle and Mobile Equipment Mechanics,
Installers, and Repairers 20 $31,923 0.0 20 $31,923 0.0
TABLE 2. EARNINGS BY DETAILED OCCUPATION: 1999
(Data for Civilian Noninstitutional Workers From the 2000 Census. Workers who worked 50 weeks
or more and 35 or more hours per week in 1999 were classified as year-round full-time workers.)
VIRGINIA; FEMALES
Percent Year-round Percent
Worked Median College Full-time Median College
in 1999 Earnings Graduates Workers Earnings Graduates
Control and Valve Installers and Repairers 10 $1,250 0.0 0 . .
Heating, Air Conditioning, and Refrigeration
Mechanics and Installers 300 $28,673 22.7 200 $29,464 10.1
Home Appliance Repairers 60 $31,875 27.6 40 $36,591 21.1
Industrial and Refractory Machinery Mechanics 605 $24,375 2.8 410 $26,920 1.5
Maintenance and Repair Workers, General 535 $29,447 7.9 390 $30,761 8.4
Maintenance Workers, Machinery 50 $28,750 18.8 40 $33,500 21.4
Millwrights 45 $25,417 0.0 30 $37,000 0.0
Electrical Power-Line Installers and Repairers 85 $34,722 0.0 60 $39,167 0.0
Telecommunications Line Installers and Repairers 340 $32,820 8.0 270 $34,797 7.0
Precision Instrument and Equipment Repairers 160 $19,625 0.0 130 $25,272 0.0
Coin, Vending, and Amusement Machine Servicers and
Repairers 325 $15,673 3.7 160 $19,250 3.7
Commercial Divers 0 . . 0 . .
Locksmiths and Safe Repairers 75 $26,938 15.6 50 $30,455 23.1
Manufactured Building and Mobile Home Installers 20 $11,000 0.0 10 $25,357 0.0
Riggers 4 $33,750 0.0 4 $33,750 0.0
Signal and Track Switch Repairers 0 . . 0 . .
Helpers--Installation, Maintenance, and Repair Workers 35 $16,771 0.0 25 $25,096 0.0
Other Installation, Maintenance, and Repair Workers 550 $18,147 8.0 305 $25,852 7.9
PRODUCTION OCCUPATIONS
First-Line Supervisors/Managers of Production and
Operating Workers 6,255 $25,932 14.9 4,855 $29,634 16.7
Aircraft Structure, Surfaces, Rigging, and Systems
Assemblers 60 $17,656 0.0 50 $16,905 0.0
Electrical, Electronics, and Electromechanical
Assemblers 3,035 $18,484 2.0 2,045 $20,945 2.3
Engine and Other Machines Assemblers 80 $23,462 0.0 55 $23,077 0.0
Structural Metal Fabricators and Fitters 15 $34,688 0.0 10 $40,417 0.0
Miscellaneous Assemblers and Fabricators 11,020 $17,470 3.5 7,085 $20,623 2.7
Bakers 1,870 $14,187 6.8 1,010 $17,590 4.1
Butchers and Other Meat, Poultry, and Fish Processing
Workers 2,380 $15,635 1.3 1,520 $17,293 1.2
Food and Tobacco Roasting, Baking, and Drying Machine
Operators and Tenders 70 $25,455 0.0 50 $24,750 0.0
Food Batchmakers 970 $15,582 5.8 575 $18,856 3.3
Food Cooking Machine Operators and Tenders 85 $17,833 0.0 50 $21,250 0.0
Computer Control Programmers and Operators 95 $25,000 0.0 80 $25,469 0.0
Extruding and Drawing Machine Setters, Operators,
and Tenders, Metal and Plastic 90 $29,688 0.0 50 $31,150 0.0
Forging Machine Setters, Operators, and Tenders,
Metal and Plastic 4 $21,250 0.0 4 $21,250 0.0
Rolling Machine Setters, Operators, and Tenders,
Metal and Plastic 130 $17,955 0.0 95 $19,356 0.0
Cutting, Punching, and Press Machine Setters,
Operators and Tenders, Metal and Plastic 275 $19,034 1.4 195 $20,357 0.0
TABLE 2. EARNINGS BY DETAILED OCCUPATION: 1999
(Data for Civilian Noninstitutional Workers From the 2000 Census. Workers who worked 50 weeks
or more and 35 or more hours per week in 1999 were classified as year-round full-time workers.)
VIRGINIA; FEMALES
Percent Year-round Percent
Worked Median College Full-time Median College
in 1999 Earnings Graduates Workers Earnings Graduates
Drilling and Boring Machine Tool Setters, Operators,
and Tenders, Metal and Plastic 70 $25,789 0.0 60 $26,579 0.0
Grinding, Lapping, Polishing, and Buffing Machine
Tool Setters, Operators, and Tenders, Metal
and Plastic 315 $14,675 0.0 180 $19,632 0.0
Lathe and Turning Machine Tool Setters, Operators,
and Tenders, Metal and Plastic 70 $19,333 0.0 55 $19,833 0.0
Milling and Planing Machine Setters, Operators, and
Tenders, Metal and Plastic 4 $28,750 0.0 0 . .
Machinists 430 $22,167 6.3 280 $26,890 9.6
Metal Furnace and Kiln Operators and Tenders 60 $17,279 10.2 40 $16,618 0.0
Model Makers and Patternmakers, Metal and Plastic 60 $33,203 42.6 40 $34,766 46.3
Molders and Molding Machine Setters, Operators, and
Tenders, Metal and Plastic 570 $21,540 1.9 365 $24,293 3.0
Multiple Machine Tool Setters, Operators, and Tenders,
Metal and Plastic 80 $20,750 9.8 55 $25,125 14.0
Tool and Die Makers 30 $21,786 0.0 30 $21,786 0.0
Welding, Soldering, and Brazing Workers 610 $18,285 1.1 435 $20,511 1.6
Heat Treating Equipment Equipment Setters, Operators,
and Tenders, Metal and Plastic 25 $28,542 0.0 25 $28,542 0.0
Lay-Out Workers, Metal and Plastic 20 $40,313 0.0 10 $41,250 0.0
Plating and Coating Machine Setters, operators, and
Tenders, Metal and Plastic 115 $23,309 0.0 105 $23,897 0.0
Tool Grinders, Filers and Sharpeners 40 $30,000 0.0 25 $35,855 0.0
Metalworkers and Plastic Workers, All Others 3,600 $20,919 1.9 2,735 $22,768 1.6
Bookbinders and Bindery Workers 720 $17,578 5.1 475 $21,228 3.2
Job Printers 530 $15,690 9.2 305 $21,053 7.2
Prepress Technicians and Workers 1,015 $18,553 15.2 700 $22,723 14.9
Printing Machine Operators 825 $21,437 7.5 655 $22,820 8.3
Laundry and Dry Cleaning Workers 3,330 $12,014 1.4 1,630 $16,535 1.0
Pressers, Textile, Garment, and Related Materials 1,530 $12,609 1.3 785 $15,379 0.0
Sewing Machine Operators 11,550 $14,711 2.0 6,730 $17,280 1.8
Shoe and Leather Workers and Repairers 60 $12,143 0.0 25 $15,903 0.0
Shoe Machine Operators and Tenders 25 $12,212 0.0 25 $12,404 0.0
Tailors, Dressmakers, and Sewers 2,555 $13,440 10.5 1,175 $17,677 11.3
Textile Bleaching and Dyeing Machine Operators and
Tenders 200 $16,726 0.0 135 $20,732 0.0
Textile Cutting Machine Setters, Operators, and
Tenders 295 $15,522 0.0 195 $17,127 0.0
Textile Knitting and Weaving Machine Setters,
Operators, and Tenders 1,625 $20,732 1.5 1,050 $21,265 0.6
Textile Winding, Twisting, and Drawing Out Machine
Setters, Operators, and Tenders 1,455 $18,185 1.4 1,015 $20,134 1.1
Extruding and Forming Machine Setters, Operators, and
Tenders, Synthetic and Glass Fibers 35 $25,469 0.0 15 $50,156 0.0
Fabric and Apparel Patternmakers 50 $19,500 33.3 20 $20,000 0.0
Upholsterers 350 $18,722 3.7 235 $21,098 5.5
Textile, Apparel, and Furnishings Workers, All Other 1,055 $18,259 4.7 670 $19,454 4.9
TABLE 2. EARNINGS BY DETAILED OCCUPATION: 1999
(Data for Civilian Noninstitutional Workers From the 2000 Census. Workers who worked 50 weeks
or more and 35 or more hours per week in 1999 were classified as year-round full-time workers.)
VIRGINIA; FEMALES
Percent Year-round Percent
Worked Median College Full-time Median College
in 1999 Earnings Graduates Workers Earnings Graduates
Cabinetmakers and Bench Carpenters 460 $19,315 2.4 265 $24,306 0.0
Furniture Finishers 450 $15,250 3.3 275 $20,043 0.0
Model Makers and Patternmakers, Wood 15 $21,250 0.0 15 $21,250 0.0
Sawing Machine Setters, Operators, and Tenders, Wood 350 $17,733 0.0 235 $20,804 0.0
Woodworking Machine Setters, Operators, and Tenders,
Except Sawing 710 $16,199 3.8 455 $18,569 1.3
Woodworkers, All Other 90 $13,523 13.6 65 $14,875 0.0
Power Plant Operators, Distributors, and Dispatchers 75 $46,750 38.7 70 $47,250 42.0
Stationary Engineers and Boiler Operators 90 $25,417 16.9 50 $27,500 14.6
Water and Liquid Waste Treatment Plant and System
Workers 140 $25,909 15.9 110 $27,386 8.9
Miscellaneous Plant and System Operators 70 $28,929 6.9 60 $46,250 8.5
Chemical Processing Machine Setters, Operators,
and Tenders 315 $23,295 6.0 210 $28,438 0.0
Crushing, Grinding, Polishing, Mixing, and Blending
Workers 485 $15,806 0.4 240 $21,646 0.8
Cutting Workers 665 $17,826 3.9 425 $20,191 0.0
Extruding, Forming, Pressing, and Compacting Machine
Setters, Operators, and Tenders 385 $21,591 0.0 205 $26,151 0.0
Furnace, Kiln, Oven, Drier, and Kettle Operators and
Tenders 205 $17,212 3.4 125 $19,191 5.6
Inspectors, Testers, Sorter, Samplers, and Weighers 11,935 $19,094 8.6 7,965 $21,898 8.4
Jewelers and Precious Stone and Metal Workers 240 $10,326 52.1 90 $17,670 56.2
Medical, Dental and Ophthalmic Laboratory Technicians 960 $19,639 11.7 605 $21,589 15.4
Packaging and Filling Machine Operators and Tenders 5,375 $16,568 1.7 3,100 $19,464 1.1
Painting Workers 1,090 $17,217 3.8 735 $20,610 3.7
Photographic Process Workers and Processing Machine
Workers 1,100 $14,051 11.7 555 $18,750 10.3
Semiconductor Processors 30 $30,962 0.0 30 $30,962 0.0
Cementing and Gluing Machine Operators and Tenders 290 $13,837 8.2 150 $19,063 15.9
Cleaning, Washing, and Metal Pickling Equipment
Operators and Tenders 90 $20,966 0.0 60 $21,932 0.0
Cooling and Freezing Equipment Operators and Tenders 25 $19,896 0.0 15 $30,568 0.0
Etchers and Engravers 155 $17,550 5.7 105 $18,750 8.4
Molders, Shapers, and Casters, except Metal and
Plastic 245 $15,000 25.0 115 $17,167 32.5
Paper Goods Machines Setters, Operators, and Tenders 255 $16,563 0.0 165 $17,593 0.0
Tire Builders 40 $39,408 0.0 40 $39,408 0.0
Helpers-Production Workers 310 $15,323 4.5 195 $17,460 5.7
Production Workers, All Other 13,885 $17,641 3.8 8,740 $21,188 3.1
TRANSPORTATION AND MATERIAL MOVING OCCUPATIONS
Supervisors, Transportation and Material Moving
Workers 1,070 $25,845 17.5 795 $29,194 19.7
Aircraft Pilots and Flight Engineers 240 $30,000 76.9 100 $22,431 68.3
Air Traffic Controllers and Airfield Operations
Specialists 410 $55,000 40.3 350 $59,107 43.9
TABLE 2. EARNINGS BY DETAILED OCCUPATION: 1999
(Data for Civilian Noninstitutional Workers From the 2000 Census. Workers who worked 50 weeks
or more and 35 or more hours per week in 1999 were classified as year-round full-time workers.)
VIRGINIA; FEMALES
Percent Year-round Percent
Worked Median College Full-time Median College
in 1999 Earnings Graduates Workers Earnings Graduates
Ambulance Drivers and Attendants, Except Emergency
Medical Technicians 35 $16,932 0.0 15 $16,818 0.0
Bus Drivers 10,445 $11,721 2.3 2,360 $18,314 0.3
Driver/Sales Workers and Truck Drivers 4,985 $16,381 4.2 2,745 $21,465 4.4
Taxi Drivers and Chauffers 900 $14,755 6.9 405 $17,427 8.6
Motor Vehicle Operators, All Other 50 $20,192 0.0 4 $36,250 0.0
Locomotive Engineers and Operators 30 $36,250 20.0 25 $25,000 0.0
Railroad Brake, Signal, and Switch Operators 4 $28,750 100.0 4 $28,750 100.0
Railroad Conductors and Yardmasters 25 $9,107 30.4 10 $45,250 0.0
Subway, Streetcar, and Other Rail Transportation
Workers 20 $37,981 38.1 15 $38,750 0.0
Sailors and Marine Oilers 55 $13,958 0.0 25 $22,596 0.0
Ship and Boat Captains and Operators 35 $12,422 28.6 10 $11,250 0.0
Ship Engineers 35 $57,188 71.4 35 $57,188 71.4
Bridge and Lock Tenders 4 $16,250 0.0 4 $16,250 0.0
Parking Lot Attendants 190 $10,250 0.0 80 $16,467 0.0
Service Station Attendants 515 $11,622 3.9 240 $16,395 5.0
Transportation Inspectors 135 $31,458 40.4 120 $38,750 45.8
Other Transportation Workers 55 $29,821 17.5 45 $34,125 23.3
Conveyor Operators and Tenders 35 $3,846 0.0 15 $18,182 0.0
Crane and Tower Operators 75 $25,950 19.5 45 $25,000 18.2
Dredge, Excavating, and Loading Machine Operators 15 $16,932 0.0 10 $16,250 0.0
Hoist and Winch Operators 20 $17,273 0.0 10 $16,250 0.0
Industrial Truck and Tractor Operators 1,165 $20,080 0.9 860 $21,946 1.3
Cleaners of Vehicles and Equipment 1,460 $13,239 5.8 675 $18,947 7.4
Laborers and Freight, Stock, and Materials Movers,
Hand 7,830 $15,713 3.0 4,530 $19,456 3.8
Machine Feeders and Offbearers 860 $15,179 3.1 445 $18,827 3.8
Packers and Packagers, Hand 6,320 $14,446 1.8 3,480 $17,773 2.2
Pumping Station Operators 30 $13,906 0.0 15 $14,688 0.0
Refuse and Recyclable Materials Collectors 215 $13,750 2.3 80 $16,786 6.3
Shuttle Car Operators 4 $3,750 0.0 0 . .
Tank Car, Truck, and Ship Loaders 10 $18,750 0.0 10 $18,750 0.0
Material Moving Workers, All Other 300 $18,306 4.6 225 $19,101 0.0
