[Code of Federal Regulations]
[Title 40, Volume 27]
[Revised as ofJuly 1, 2003]
From the U.S. Government Printing Office via GPO Access
[CITE: 40CFR471.31]

[Page 704-709]
 
                   TITLE 40--PROTECTION OF ENVIRONMENT
 
         CHAPTER I--ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED)
 
PART 471--NONFERROUS METALS FORMING AND METAL POWDERS POINT SOURCE CATEGORY--Table of Contents
 
              Subpart C--Nickel-Cobalt Forming Subcategory
 
Sec. 471.31  Effluent limitations representing the degree of effluent reduction attainable by the application of the best practicable control technology 
          currently available (BPT).

    Except as provided in 40 CFR 125.30-125.32, any existing point 
source sub-

ject to this subpart must achieve the following effluent limitations for 
the process operations representing the degree of effluent reduction 
attainable by the application of the best practicable control technology 
currently available (BPT):
    (a) Rolling spent neat oils--Subpart C--BPT. There shall be no 
discharge of process wastewater pollutants.
    (b) Rolling spent emulsions.

                             Subpart C--BPT
------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                             Maximum for
       Pollutant or pollutant property         Maximum for     monthly
                                                any 1 day      average
------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                 mg/off-kg (pounds per
                                                million off-pounds) of
                                               nickel-cobalt rolled with
                                                       emulsions
                                             ---------------
Chromium....................................         0.075         0.031
Nickel......................................         0.327         0.216
Fluoride....................................        10.1           4.49
Oil and grease..............................         3.4           2.04
TSS.........................................         6.97          3.32
pH..........................................     (\1\)         (\1\)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
\1\ Within the range of 7.5 to 10.0 at all times.

    (c) Rolling contact cooling water.

                             Subpart C--BPT
------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                             Maximum for
       Pollutant or pollutant property         Maximum for     monthly
                                                any 1 day      average
------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                 mg/off-kg (pounds per
                                                million off-pounds) of
                                               nickel-cobalt rolled with
                                                         water
                                             ---------------
Chromium....................................          1.66         0.679
Nickel......................................          7.24         4.79
Fluoride....................................        225           99.6
Oil and grease..............................         75.4         45.3
TSS.........................................        155           73.5
pH..........................................      (\1\)        (\1\)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
\1\ Within the range of 7.5 to 10.0 at all times.

    (d) Tube Reducing Spent Lubricant--Subpart C--BPT.
    (1) There shall be no discharge of process wastewater pollutants 
except as provided under paragraph (d)(2) of this section.
    (2) Process wastewater pollutants may be discharged, with no 
allowance for any pollutants discharged, provided

[[Page 705]]

the facility owner or operator demonstrates, on the basis of analytical 
methods set forth in or approved pursuant to 40 CFR part 136, that the 
concentrations of nitrosamine compounds in the wastewater discharged 
from the tube reducing process do not exceed 0.050 mg/l of N-
nitrosodimethylamine, 0.020 mg/l of N-nitrosodiphenylamine, and 0.020 
mg/l of N-nitrosodi-n-propylamine.
    (3) The demonstration required under paragraph (d)(2) of this 
section shall be made once per month until the demonstration has been 
made for all three nitrosamine compounds for six consecutive months, 
after which time the demonstration may be made once per quarter. If a 
sample is found to contain any of the foregoing nitrosamine compounds at 
concentrations greater than those specified in paragraph (d)(2) of this 
section, the actions described in paragraph (d)(4) of this section shall 
be taken, and the demonstration required under paragraph (d)(2) of this 
section shall be made once per month until it has been made for all 
three nitrosamine compounds for six consecutive months.
    (4) If sampling results show that any of the foregoing nitrosamine 
compounds is present in the process wastewater at concentrations greater 
than those specified in paragraph (d)(2) of this section, the facility 
owner or operator shall ensure that, within thirty days of receiving 
written notification of the sampling results, there is no further 
discharge of tube reducing spent lubricant wastewater until the owner or 
operator:
    (i) Performs a subsequent analysis which demonstrates that the 
concentrations of the foregoing nitrosamine compounds do not exceed the 
levels specified in paragraph (d)(2) of this section; or
    (ii) Substitutes a new tube reducing lubricant and thereafter 
complies with the requirements of paragraph (d)(3) of this section; or
    (iii) Determines the source of the pollutant whose concentration 
exceeded the level specified in paragraph (d)(2) of this section and 
demonstrates to the satisfaction of the NPDES issuing authority that 
such source has been eliminated.
    (5) The concentration limits specified in paragraph (d)(2) of this 
section apply at the point of discharge from the tube reducing process. 
However, sampling after the tube reducing wastewater has been commingled 
with other wastewaters is permitted if:
    (i) Any dilution caused by the other wastewaters is taken into 
account in determining the appropriate (i.e., lower) allowable discharge 
concentration; and
    (ii) An analytical method of sufficient sensitivity is used to 
measure the levels of each of the foregoing nitrosamine compounds in the 
wastewaters being sampled.
    (e) Drawing spent neat oils--Subpart C--BPT. There shall be no 
discharge of process wastewater pollutants
    (f) Drawing spent emulsions.

                             Subpart C--BPT
------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                             Maximum for
       Pollutant or pollutant property         Maximum for     monthly
                                                any 1 day      average
------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                 mg/off-kg (pounds per
                                                million off-pounds) of
                                               nickel-cobalt drawn with
                                                       emulsions
                                             ---------------
Chromium....................................         0.042         0.017
Nickel......................................         0.183         0.121
Fluoride....................................         5.68          2.52
Oil and grease..............................         1.91          1.15
TSS.........................................         3.91          1.86
pH..........................................     (\1\)         (\1\)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
\1\ Within the range of 7.5 to 10.0 at all times.

    (g) Extrusion spent lubricants--Subpart C--BPT. There shall be no 
discharge of process wastewater pollutants.
    (h) Extrusion press or solution heat treatment contact cooling 
water.

                             Subpart C--BPT
------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                             Maximum for
       Pollutant or pollutant property         Maximum for     monthly
                                                any 1 day      average
------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                 mg/off-kg (pounds per
                                                million off-pounds) of
                                              nickel-cobalt heat treated
                                             ---------------
Chromium....................................         0.037         0.015
Nickel......................................         0.160         0.106
Fluoride....................................         4.95          2.20
Oil and grease..............................         1.67          0.999
TSS.........................................         3.41          1.63
pH..........................................     (\1\)         (\1\)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
\1\ Within the range of 7.5 to 10.0 at all times.

    (i) Extrusion press hydraulic fluid leakage.

[[Page 706]]



                             Subpart C--BPT
------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                             Maximum for
       Pollutant or pollutant property         Maximum for     monthly
                                                any 1 day      average
------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                 mg/off-kg (pounds per
                                                million off-pounds) of
                                                nickel-cobalt extruded
                                             ---------------
Chromium....................................         0.102         0.042
Nickel......................................         0.446         0.295
Fluoride....................................        13.8           6.13
Oil and grease..............................         4.64          2.79
TSS.........................................         9.51          4.53
pH..........................................     (\1\)         (\1\)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
\1\ Within the range of 7.5 to 10.0 at all times.

    (j) Forging equipment cleaning wastewater.

                             Subpart C--BPT
------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                             Maximum for
       Pollutant or pollutant property         Maximum for     monthly
                                                any 1 day      average
------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                 mg/off-kg (pounds per
                                                million off-pounds) of
                                                 nickel-cobalt forged
                                             ---------------
Chromium....................................         0.018         0.007
Nickel......................................         0.077         0.051
Fluoride....................................         2.38          1.06
Oil and grease..............................         0.800         0.480
TSS.........................................         1.640         0.780
pH..........................................     (\1\)         (\1\)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
\1\ Within the range of 7.5 to 10.0 at all times.

    (k) Forging contact cooling water.

                             Subpart C--BPT
------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                             Maximum for
       Pollutant or pollutant property         Maximum for     monthly
                                                any 1 day      average
------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                 mg/off-kg (pounds per
                                                million off-pounds) of
                                                 forged nickel-cobalt
                                                   cooled with water
                                             ---------------
Chromium....................................         0.209         0.086
Nickel......................................         0.910         0.602
Flouride....................................        28.2          12.5
Oil and grease..............................         9.48          5.69
TSS.........................................        19.5           9.25
pH..........................................     (\1\)         (\1\)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
\1\ Within the range of 7.5 to 10.0 at all times.

    (l) Forging press hydraulic fluid leakage.

                             Subpart C--BPT
------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                             Maximum for
       Pollutant or pollutant property         Maximum for     monthly
                                                any 1 day      average
------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                 mg/off-kg (pounds per
                                                million off-pounds) of
                                                 nickel-cobalt forged
                                             ---------------
Chromium....................................         0.083         0.034
Nickel......................................         0.359         0.238
Fluoride....................................        11.2           4.94
Oil and grease..............................         3.74          2.25
TSS.........................................         7.67          3.65
pH..........................................     (\1\)         (\1\)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
\1\ Within the range of 7.5 to 10.0 at all times.

    (m) Forging spent lubricants--Subpart C--BPT. There shall be no 
discharge of process wastewater pollutants.
    (n) Stationary casting contact cooling water.

                             Subpart C--BPT
------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                             Maximum for
       Pollutant or pollutant property         Maximum for     monthly
                                                any 1 day      average
------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                 mg/off-kg (pounds per
                                                million off-pounds) of
                                                nickel-cobalt cast with
                                              stationary casting methods
                                             ---------------
Chromium....................................          5.33          2.18
Nickel......................................         23.3          15.4
Fluoride....................................        720           320
Oil and grease..............................        242           145
TSS.........................................        496           236
pH..........................................      (\1\)         (\1\)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
\1\ Within the range of 7.5 to 10.0 at all times.

    (o) Vacuum melting steam condensate--Subpart C--BPT. There shall be 
no allowance for the discharge of process wastewater pollutants.
    (p) Metal powder production atomization wastewater.

                             Subpart C--BPT
------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                             Maximum for
       Pollutant or pollutant property         Maximum for     monthly
                                                any 1 day      average
------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                 mg/off-kg (pounds per
                                                million off-pounds) of
                                              nickel-cobalt metal powder
                                                       atomized
                                             ---------------
Chromium....................................          1.16         0.472
Nickel......................................          5.03         3.33
Fluoride....................................        156           69.2
Oil and grease..............................         52.4         31.5
TSS.........................................        108           51.1
pH..........................................      (\1\)        (\1\)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
\1\ Within the range of 7.5 to 10.0 at all times.

    (q) Annealing and solution heat treatment contact cooling water--
Subpart C--BPT. There shall be no allowance for

[[Page 707]]

the discharge of process wastewater pollutants.
    (r) Wet air pollution control scrubber blowdown.

                             Subpart C--BPT
------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                             Maximum for
       Pollutant or pollutant property         Maximum for     monthly
                                                any 1 day      average
------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                 mg/off-kg (pounds per
                                                million off-pounds) of
                                                 nickel-cobalt formed
                                             ---------------
Chromium....................................         0.357         0.146
Nickel......................................         1.56          1.03
Fluoride....................................        48.2          21.4
Oil and grease..............................        16.2           9.72
TSS.........................................        33.2          15.8
pH..........................................     (\1\)         (\1\)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
\1\ Within the range of 7.5 to 10.0 at all times.

    (s) Surface treatment spent baths.

                             Subpart C--BPT
------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                             Maximum for
       Pollutant or pollutant property         Maximum for     monthly
                                                any 1 day      average
------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                 mg/off-kg (pounds per
                                                million off-pounds) of
                                                 nickel-cobalt surface
                                                        treated
                                             ---------------
Chromium....................................         0.412         0.169
Nickel......................................         1.80          1.19
Fluoride....................................        55.7          24.7
Oil and grease..............................        18.7          11.2
TSS.........................................        38.4          18.3
pH..........................................     (\1\)         (\1\)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
\1\ Within the range of 7.5 to 10.0 at all times.

    (t) Surface treatment rinse.

                             Subpart C--BPT
------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                             Maximum for
       Pollutant or pollutant property         Maximum for     monthly
                                                any 1 day      average
------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                 mg/off-kg (pounds per
                                                million off-pounds) of
                                                 nickel-cobalt surface
                                                        treated
                                             ---------------
Chromium....................................          10.4          4.25
Nickel......................................          45.3         30.0
Fluoride....................................        1410          623
Oil and grease..............................         472          283
TSS.........................................         968          460
pH..........................................       (\1\)        (\1\)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
\1\ Within the range of 7.5 to 10.0 at all times.

    (u) Alkaline cleaning spent baths.

                             Subpart C--BPT
------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                             Maximum for
        Pollutant or pollutant property         Maximum for    monthly
                                                 any 1 day     average
------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                  mg/off-kg (pounds per
                                                 million off-pounds) of
                                                 nickel-cobalt alkaline
                                                         cleaned
                                               --------------
Chromium......................................        0.015         1.52
Nickel........................................         16.2         10.7
Fluoride......................................          502          223
Oil and grease................................          169          101
TSS...........................................          346          165
pH............................................        (\1\)        (\1\)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
\1\ Within the range of 7.5 to 10.0 at all times.

    (v) Alkaline cleaning rinse.

                             Subpart C--BPT
------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                            Maximum for
     Pollutant or pollutant property        Maximum for       monthly
                                             any 1 day        average
------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                           mg/off-kg (pounds per million
                                           off-pounds) of nickel-cobalt
                                                 alkaline cleaned
                                         -----------------
Chromium................................           1.03           0.420
Nickel..................................           4.48           2.96
Fluoride................................         139             61.5
Oil and grease..........................          46.6           28.0
TSS.....................................          95.6           45.5
pH......................................       (\1\)          (\1\)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
\1\ Within the range of 7.5 to 10.0 at all times.

    (w) Molten salt rinse.

                             Subpart C--BPT
------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                             Maximum for
       Pollutant or pollutant property         Maximum for     monthly
                                                any 1 day      average
------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                 mg/off-kg (pounds per
                                                million off-pounds) of
                                              nickel-cobalt treated with
                                                      molten salt
                                             ---------------
Chromium....................................         3.72          1.52
Nickel......................................        16.2          10.7
Fluoride....................................       502           223
Oil and grease..............................       169           101
TSS.........................................       346           165
pH..........................................     (\1\)         (\1\)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
\1\ Within the range of 7.5 to 10.0 at all times.

    (x) Ammonia rinse.

[[Page 708]]



                             Subpart C--BPT
------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                             Maximum for
       Pollutant or pollutant property         Maximum for     monthly
                                                any 1 day      average
------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                 mg/off-kg (pounds per
                                                million off-pounds) of
                                              nickel-cobalt treated with
                                                   ammonia solution
                                             ---------------
Chromium....................................         0.007         0.003
Nickel......................................         0.029         0.019
Fluoride....................................         0.881         0.391
Oil and grease..............................         0.296         0.178
TSS.........................................         0.607         0.289
pH..........................................  ............     (\1\)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
\1\ Within the range of 7.5 to 10.0 at all times.

    (y) Sawing or grinding spent emulsions.

                             Subpart C--BPT
------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                             Maximum for
       Pollutant or pollutant property         Maximum for     monthly
                                                any 1 day      average
------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                 mg/off-kg (pounds per
                                                million off-pounds) of
                                                nickel-cobalt sawed or
                                                 ground with emulsions
                                             ---------------
Chromium....................................         0.018         0.007
Nickel......................................         0.076         0.050
Fluoride....................................         2.35          1.04
Oil and grease..............................         0.788         0.473
TSS.........................................         1.62          0.769
pH..........................................  ............     (\1\)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
\1\ Within the range of 7.5 to 10.0 at all times.

    (z) Sawing or grinding rinse.

                             Subpart C--BPT
------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                             Maximum for
       Pollutant or pollutant property         Maximum for     monthly
                                                any 1 day      average
------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                 mg/off-kg (pounds per
                                                million off-pounds) of
                                                sawed or ground nickel-
                                                     cobalt rinsed
                                             ---------------
Chromium....................................         0.797         0.326
Nickel......................................         3.48          2.30
Fluoride....................................       108            47.8
Oil and grease..............................        36.2          21.7
TSS.........................................        74.2          35.3
pH..........................................  ............     (\1\)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
\1\ Within the range of 7.5 to 10.0 at all times.

    (aa) Steam Cleaning Condensate.

                             Subpart C--BPT
------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                             Maximum for
       Pollutant or pollutant property         Maximum for     monthly
                                                any 1 day      average
------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                 mg/off-kg (pounds per
                                                million off-pounds) of
                                                  nickel-cobalt steam
                                                        cleaned
                                             ---------------
Chromium....................................         0.013         0.006
Nickel......................................         0.058         0.039
Fluoride....................................         1.79          0.795
Oil and grease..............................         0.602         0.361
TSS.........................................         1.24          0.587
pH..........................................  ............     (\1\)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
\1\ Within the range of 7.5 to 10.0 at all times.

    (bb) Hydrostatic tube testing and ultrasonic testing wastewater--
Subpart C--BPT. There shall be no allowance for the discharge of process 
wastewater pollutants.
    (cc) Degreasing spent solvents--Subpart C--BPT. There shall be no 
discharge of process wastewater pollutants.
    (dd) Dye penetrant testing wastewater.

                             Subpart C--BPT
------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                             Maximum for
       Pollutant or pollutant property         Maximum for     monthly
                                                any 1 day      average
------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                 mg/off-kg (pounds per
                                                million off-pounds) of
                                               nickel-cobalt tested with
                                                 dye penetrant method
                                             ---------------
Chromium....................................         0.094         0.039
Nickel......................................         0.409         0.271
Fluoride....................................        12.7           5.63
Oil and grease..............................         4.26          2.56
TSS.........................................         8.74          4.16
pH..........................................     (\1\)         (\1\)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
\1\ Within the range of 7.5 to 10.0 at all times.

    (ee) Electrocoating rinse.

                             Subpart C--BPT
------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                             Maximum for
       Pollutant or pollutant property         Maximum for     monthly
                                                any 1 day      average
------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                 mg/off-kg (pounds per
                                                million off-pounds) of
                                                     nickel-cobalt
                                                     electrocoated
                                             ---------------
Chromium....................................         1.48          0.607
Nickel......................................         6.47          4.28
Fluoride....................................       201            89.0
Oil and grease..............................        67.4          40.5
TSS.........................................       138            65.7
pH..........................................     (\1\)         (\1\)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
\1\ Within the range of 7.5 to 10.0 at all times.

    (ff) Miscellaneous wastewater sources.

[[Page 709]]



                             Subpart C--BPT
------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                             Maximum for
       Pollutant or pollutant property         Maximum for     monthly
                                                any 1 day      average
------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                 mg/off-kg (pounds per
                                                million off-pounds) of
                                                 nickel-cobalt formed
                                             ---------------
Chromium....................................         0.108         0.044
Nickel......................................         0.473         0.313
Fluoride....................................        14.7           6.50
Oil and grease..............................         4.92          2.95
TSS.........................................        10.1           4.80
pH..........................................     (\1\)         (\1\)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
\1\ Within the range of 7.5 to 10.0 at all times.


[50 FR 34270, Aug. 23, 1985; 51 FR 2884, Jan. 22, 1986, as amended at 54 
FR 11348, Mar. 17, 1989]