This class is the residual locus of means and processes for
casting visible radiant energy in at least one direction to render
objects in that direction visible.
BASIC SUBJECT MATTER OF THE CLASS
The basic subject matter of the class is comprised of:
A. The combination of a source of visible radiant energy
and means to modify the distribution or composition of the radiant
energy emanating from the source.
B. Methods utilizing the combination of A, above, to cast
light in at least one direction to render objects in that direction
visible.
SCOPE OF THE CLASS
In addition to the basic subject matter of the class, this class
also provides for:
A. Subcombinations of the basic subject matter of the class
not provided for elsewhere comprising:
1. means to modify the distribution of composition of light
from sources other than the heavenly bodies;
2. means to support a source of visible radiant energy;
3. means to support the modifying means of item 1, above,
and
4. combinations of items 1, 2, and/or 3, above.
B. Combinations of the basic subject matter of the class and
subject matter classified elsewhere insofar as the combination is
not provided for elsewhere.
C. Accessories to the basic subject matter of the class limited
in their intended use to the basic subject matter of the class.
(1)
Note. Wherever drawings are associated with subclass definitions,
they are used merely to illustrate the basic concept encompassed
by the definition of that subclass and should not be construed as
limiting the scope of the subject matter covered by that subclass.
SECTION II - LINES WITH OTHER CLASSES AND WITHIN THIS CLASS
A. LIGHT SOURCES, PER SE
Light sources, per se, are not classifiable in this class (362).
For such devices, see References to Other Classes, below.
B. LIGHT MODIFIERS
Generally, light modifying means, per se, used merely to modify
light from light sources other than a heavenly body are classifiable
in this class (362). For exceptions listed in this class, see Subclass
References to the Current Class, below.
Light modifying means not limited in use to illumination are
not classifiable in this class. Two such modifying means may be
found in References to Other Classes, below: (1) Filter, i.e.,
means to modify the composition of light, not limited in use to
illumination; and (2) reflectors, refractors, etc., i.e., means
to modify the distribution of light, not limited in use to illumination.
C. LIGHT SOURCE SUPPORTS OR HOUSINGS
This class (362) provides for combinations of a support for
a light source and significant structure of a light source and for
a light source support having structural features limited to use
with a light source. Housings for light sources having more than
nominally recited light source supporting means or having or comprising
light modifier means of this class type are also provided for in
this class. For light source housings, per se, and certain types
of light source supports, see References to Other Classes, below.
D. SIGNALLING AND COMMUNICATION
Illuminating means, per se, which are used to convey information
(e.g., "signal lanterns") are generally classified in this class
(362) unless explicitly provided for elsewhere.
Means to convey information classifiable in another class
combined with illuminating means is generally classified in the
other class. Classes providing for such combinations may be found
in References to Other Classes, below.
E. COMBINATIONS OF DEVICES PROVIDED FOR IN OTHER CLASSES
AND ILLUMINATING MEANS
Combinations of devices provided for in other classes and
illuminating means are classified with the device unless specifically
provided for in this class (362) whether or not the illuminating
means illuminates the device itself. See the search notes of the
combination subclasses of this class (362) for the lines between
this class and other relevant classes.
Classes providing for combinations of devices of the respective
class type and illuminating means may be found in References to
Other Classes, below.
F. SPECIAL APPLICATIONS
In general, the proximate function of the basic subject matter
of this class (362) is merely to direct visible radiation in at
least one direction to render a reflective object in that direction
visible to an observer in the path of the light reflected from the
object.
Illuminating means used to perform functions provided for
in other classes are classified in such classes. See References
to Other Classes, for class references to subsection D, above, for
classes providing for illuminating means used in signalling and
communication. Additional classes also providing for illuminating
means used in performing the function of the classes may be found
in References to Other Classes, below.
SECTION III - SUBCLASS REFERENCES TO THE CURRENT CLASS
Drying and Gas or Vapor Contact With Solids,
subclass 88 for drying apparatus and apparatus for contacting
gases or vapors with solids which are provided with electric lamp
illuminating means. (See Lines With Other Classes, "Combinations
of Devices Provided for in Other Classes and Illuminating Means.")
Card, Picture, or Sign Exhibiting, particularly
subclasses 480 , 502, and 541+ for means for illuminating
subject matter of this class. (See Lines With Other Classes, "Signalling
and Communication.")
Card, Picture, or Sign Exhibiting, particularly
subclasses 480 , 502, and 541+ for illuminating means
associated with the subject matter of this class (40). (See Lines
With Other Classes, "Combinations of Devices Provided for in Other
Classes and Illuminating Means.")
Measuring and Testing,
subclass 293 for illuminated liquid level and depth gauges.
(See Lines With Other Classes, "Combinations of Devices Provided
for in Other Classes and Illuminating Means.")
Music,
subclass 464 for musical instruments combined with means to
produce color or light effects. (See Lines With Other Classes,
"Combinations of Devices Provided for in Other Classes and Illuminating
Means.")
Ships,
subclass 66 for observation ships having means to illuminate
the object or field to be observed. (See Lines With Other Classes, "Combinations
of Devices Provided for in Other Classes and Illuminating Means.")
Signals and Indicators,
subclass 3 for combinations of horns and lamps, subclasses
18+ for illuminated mechanical code signal apparatus. (See
Lines With Other Classes, "Signalling and Communication.")
Signals and Indicators,
subclass 7 for mechanical burglar alarms combined with illuminating (e.g.,
floodlighting) means; subclasses 18+ for illuminated mechanical
code signal apparatus; subclasses 48, 49, and 54 for mechanical
illuminated vehicle motion and direction indicators; and subclasses
241+ for illuminated radio tuning dials. (See Lines With
Other Classes, "Combinations of Devices Provided for in Other Classes
and Illuminating Means.")
Stoves and Furnaces,
subclass 209 for a combined body warmer and illuminating means; subclasses
235 and 241 for tool heaters with illuminating means; subclasses
255+ for lamp heaters; and subclass 267 for a combined
lunch bucket heater and illuminating means. (See Lines With Other
Classes, "Combinations of Devices Provided for in Other Classes
and Illuminating Means.")
Heat Exchange, for patents claiming heat exchange apparatus combined
with a device to be heated or cooled thereby if no structure of said
device is included other than the structure necessary for cooperation
with the heat exchange apparatus. The mere naming of the device
as a lamp, light fixture, etc. will not be sufficient to exclude
the patent from Class 165. (See Lines With Other Classes, "Combinations of
Devices Provided for in Other Classes and Illuminating Means.")
Electric Heating,
subclass 553 for heating devices wherein the heating elements
are ordinary incandescent lamps. (See Lines With Other Classes,
"Special Applications.")
Receptacles, for housings, per se, for light sources including
such housings having nominally recited light source supporting means.
(See Lines With Other Classes, "Light Source Supports or Housings.")
Deposit and Collection Receptacles,
subclass 13 for illuminated fare boxes. (See Lines With Other
Classes, "Combinations of Devices Provided for in Other Classes
and Illuminating Means.")
Fluid Sprinkling, Spraying, and Diffusing, appropriate subclasses for a fluid fuel distributor
which may be disclosed as an illuminating burner. (See Lines With
Other Classes, "Light Sources, Per Se.")
Fluid Sprinkling, Spraying, and Diffusing,
subclasses 18+ for ornamental illuminated fountains. (See Lines
With Other Classes, "Combinations of Devices Provided for in Other
Classes and Illuminating Means.")
Railway Switches and Signals,
subclass 483 for illuminated semaphore arms. (See Lines With
Other Classes, "Combinations of Devices Provided for in Other Classes
and Illuminating Means.")
Supports, appropriate subclasses for supports which may support,
but are not limited to, the support of light sources. See also
the notes to the definition of
subclass 382 , below. (See Lines With Other Classes, "Light
Source Supports or Housings.")
Radiant Energy,
subclasses 200+ for illuminating means combined with photocells.
(See Lines With Other Classes, "Combinations of Devices Provided
for in Other Classes and Illuminating Means.")
Handling: Hand and Hoist-Line Implements,
subclass 1.2 for a contact lens applicator combined with illuminating
means and subclass 66.2 for illuminating means combined with underwater
handling equipment. (See Lines With Other Classes, "Combinations
of Devices Provided for in Other Classes and Illuminating Means.")
Electric Lamp and Discharge Devices, generally, for electric light sources, per se, of
the nonconsumable electrode type. See Lines With Other Classes,
"Combined With a Support, Combined With a Temperature Modifying
Means" (subsection 1), "Combined With a Separable Casing, Jacket,
Shield, or Envelope Protective Means," and "Combined With Optical
Device or Having a Special Ray Transparent Envelope," in the class
definition of Class 313 for the lines between Class 313 and this class
(362). (See Lines With Other Classes, "Light Sources, Per Se.")
Electric Lamp and Discharge Devices: Consumable
Electrodes, for consumable carbon arc-type light sources, per
se. (See Lines With Other Classes, "Light Sources, Per Se.")
Electric Lamp and Discharge Devices: Systems, for an electric light source and circuitry for energizing
the light source where the source of power (battery or generator)
is not recited as an integral part of the claimed combination. (See
Lines With Other Classes, "Light Sources, Per Se.")
Communications: Electrical, appropriate subclasses for claimed combinations
whose proximate function is to convey information by means of electrically
generated visible light. Such combinations must necessarily include
a light source or light source and modifier and some (encoding)
means which establishes a correspondence between the distribution,
composition or location of the light and some other fact to be communicated.
This requirement is based on the premise that, in signalling with visible
light, the light itself is merely the carrier of or medium for the
transfer of information and not the information itself. If the
proximate function of the claimed combination is to convey information
and illuminate or to convey information or illuminate, the combination
is classifiable in this class (362). Subcombinations of subject
matter of this class (362), for example, a light source and modifier
which can be used for signalling (e.g., "signal lantern") or is
used for signalling in nonclaimed disclosure, are classified in
this class (362), unless explicitly provided for in Class 340. However,
N.B., Class 340 has not been screened for such subcombinations which
may have been originally classified there in the past. (See Lines
With Other Classes, "Signalling and Communication.")
Communications: Electrical,
subclasses 907+ for illuminating means combined with means to convey
information. See also subsection D, above. (See Lines With Other
Classes, "Combinations of Devices Provided for in Other Classes
and Illuminating Means.")
Optics: Motion Pictures,
subclasses 198+ for illuminating means used to project motion pictures.
(See Lines With Other Classes, "Special Applications.")
Optics: Measuring and Testing,
subclass 46 for incandescent materials used in the testing
of visible light or materials for optical properties; and subclasses
331+ for monochromators of the visible type. (See Lines
With Other Classes, "Special Applications.")
Optical: Systems and Elements,
subclass 885 for optical filters, subclasses 483-502 for polarizers.
(See Lines With Other Classes, "Light Modifiers, Filter.").
Optical: Systems and Elements, generally, for light modifiers which modify light from
an illuminated object or field rather than directly from a light
generating means. See
subclass 515 for signal reflectors which may modify the distribution
of (reflect) light directly from a light generating means; especially
subclass 527 for a signal reflector for a signal source remote from
the observer; subclass 528 for a signal reflector for a source behind
the reflector; and subclasses 642-830 for lenses. (See Lines With
Other Classes, "Light Modifiers, Reflectors, Refractors, etc.").
Dynamic Information Storage or Retrieval,
subclasses 100+ for apparatus and systems including illuminating
means for electrically recording or reproducing photographic sound records.
(See Lines With Other Classes, "Special Applications.")
Thermal Measuring and Testing,
subclasses 100+ for the detailed structure of thermometers. (See
Lines With Other Classes, "Combinations of Devices Provided for
in Other Classes and Illuminating Means.")
Optical Waveguides, appropriate subclasses for light transmitting fibers,
rods, or pipes. (See Lines With Other Classes, "Light Modifiers,
Reflectors, refractors, etc.")
Electrophotography, for illumination systems including light sources used in
electrophotographic devices, specifically
subclasses 9+ for diagnostics, subclasses 38+ for controls,
subclasses 130+ for image formation, subclasses 168+ for
charging, subclasses 177+ for exposure, subclasses 222+ for
development, subclasses 297+ for transfer, subclasses 320+ for fixing,
subclasses 343+ for cleaning, and subclasses 361+ for
document handling. (See Lines With Other Classes, "Light Sources,
Per Se.")
Fluid Reaction Surfaces (i.e., Impellers),
subclass 5 for impellers combined with illuminating means.
(See Lines With Other Classes, "Combinations of Devices Provided
for in Other Classes and Illuminating Means.")
Stock Material or Miscellaneous Articles,
subclass 38 for a mass transmissive of light through all layers
and having an opaque border; subclass 415 for a stock material product in
the form of a nonstructural laminate of glass or quartz next to
epoxy; subclasses 426+ for a stock material product in
the form of a nonstructural laminate embodying one or more layers
of glass or quartz; and subclass 918 (a cross-reference art collection)
for a material abnormally transparent. (See Lines With Other Classes,
"Light Modifiers, Filter.")
Combustion, for flame-type light sources, per se, especially
subclasses 100+ for a mantle type illuminating burner; subclasses
288+ for a candle; and subclasses 298+ for a wick-type liquid
fuel burner. (See Lines With Other Classes, "Light Sources, per
se.")
Dentistry,
subclasses 29+ for illuminated or illuminating dental apparatus.
(See Lines With Other Classes, "Combinations of Devices Provided
for in Other Classes and Illuminating Means.")
Electrical Connectors, appropriate subclasses for an electrical connector, per
se, such as a light bulb or tube socket which may also support or
contribute to the support of the light bulb or tube. See also the
notes to the definition of
subclass 382 , below. (See Lines With Other Classes, "Light
Source Supports or Housings.")
Buoys, Rafts, and Aquatic Devices,
subclasses 13+ for illumination buoys. (See Lines With Other
Classes, "Combinations of Devices Provided for in Other Classes
and Illuminating Means.")
Amusement Devices: Toys,
subclasses 47 , 91, 242, and 485+ for illuminated toys.
(See Lines With Other Classes, "Combinations of Devices Provided
for in Other Classes and Illuminating Means.")
Ventilation, for illuminating means combined with means to ventilate
an enclosed space other than, or in addition to, a light source
or light source enclosure, particularly
subclasses 293+ for a ceiling diffuser with a light fixture. (See Lines
With Other Classes, "Combinations of Devices Provided for in Other
Classes and Illuminating Means.")
Amusement Devices: Games,
subclasses 51+ for a simulated projectile game wherein a light ray
is used to simulate a projectile. (See Lines With Other Classes,
"Special Applications.")
Amusement Devices,
subclasses 57+ and particularly subclass 61 for illusion apparatus
with illuminating means appropriate therefor. (See Lines With Other
Classes, "Special Applications.")
Compositions: Ceramic,
subclasses 11+ for glass compositions which may act as a light
filter. (See Lines With Other Classes, "Light Modifiers, Filter.")
Surgery, appropriate subclasses for illuminated diagnostic apparatus
and for apparatus for treating the human body with light rays. In
particular, search
subclasses 101+ for endoscopes; subclass 11 for pharygoscopes;
subclasses 185+ for nonpivoted gags; subclasses 184+ for tongue
depressors; subclass 241 for pivoted specula; subclass 200 for reflectors
with lamps; subclass 249 for miscellaneous illuminated diagnostic
apparatus not otherwise classified; and subclass 200.11 for medicating
apparatus. (See Lines With Other Classes, "Combinations of Devices
Provided for in Other Classes and Illuminating Means.")
Surgery: Kinesitherapy,
subclass 1 for kinesitherapy devices. (See Lines With Other Classes,
"Combinations of Devices Provided for in Other Classes and Illuminating
Means.")
Surgery: Splint, Brace, or Bandage,
subclass 2 for orthopedic devices including light, heat, or electrical
applicators. (See Lines With Other Classes, "Combinations of Devices
Provided for in Other Classes and Illuminating Means.")
Surgery,
subclasses 20+ for electrical energy applied to the body for therapeutic
purposes. (See Lines With Other Classes, "Combinations of Devices
Provided for in Other Classes and Illuminating Means."")
Surgery,
subclass 1 for surgical instrumentation. (See Lines With
Other Classes, "Combinations of Devices Provided for in Other Classes
and Illuminating Means.")
SECTION V - GLOSSARY
The following definitions of terms occurring frequently in
the titles and definitions of this class are intended only to be
used as aids in determining placement of subject matter within this
class and do not necessarily encompass all usages of the terms in
the art. Because the following definitions are generalized, certain
subclass definitions may include definitions of the listed terms
which deviate somewhat from the definitions given below. In such
cases, the subclass definition is controlling. The use of ambiguous
or equivocal art terms in the titles and definitions of this class
has been avoided wherever possible. For the interpretation of such
terms for classification purposes, see the notes to the definitions
of "Modifier."
FILTER
A type of transparent or translucent selected wavelength modifier
which absorbs light of at least one wavelength (i.e., color) and
transmits light of another wavelength.
ILLUMINATING MEANS
Basic subject matter of the class or subcombinations thereof.
LIGHT SOURCE
An element (e.g., filament) or material (e.g., neon) which
converts energy into visible radiant energy and/or the
essential container of such an element or material, i.e., a light
source envelope including the envelope base (e.g., light bulb, fluorescent
tube). Unless otherwise specified, a light source is assumed to
be a point source. For purposes of classification within this class,
nominal recitations such as "light unit," "lamp," "headlight," etc., are
assumed to denote only a light source.
MODIFIER
A recited element or combination of elements whose proximate
function in the claimed combination is, according to the claim or
the claimed disclosure, to alter the distribution or composition
of light emitted from a light source by reflecting, refracting,
or partially or completely absorbing the light.
(1)
Note. Certain terms such as "lens," "shield," "screen," etc.,
are used in the art in some instances to denote modifiers and in other
instances to denote structure whose proximate function is other
than to modify light. For example, the term "lens" is used in some
instances to denote means whose proximate function is to refract
light and in other instances to denote merely a transparent window
in a light housing whose proximate function is to protect the light
source. Whether or not a means recited in a claim in such ambiguous
terms is to be considered a modifier for placement within this class
must be determined by the proximate function (according to the claim
or the claimed disclosure) of the means in the claimed combination.
(2)
Note. Certain terms such as "shade," "bowl," etc., are used
in the art in some instances to denote recited modifiers which,
according to the claim or claimed disclosure, function to modify
light in two or more ways provided for separately in this class.
A recited "bowl," for example, may, according to the claim or claimed
disclosure, function in the claimed combination to diffuse light
by internal scattering within the material of which the bowl is made
(viz., translucent bowls) and reflect light from one of its surfaces.
Such a modifier is classifiable in the first-occurring subclass
providing for modifiers which perform at least one of its modifying
functions.
REFLECTOR
A light modifying device having a surface which redirects
incident light back into the medium from which it came. Reflectors
are more commonly opaque but may be transparent. Light incident
on the redirecting surface of a transparent reflector may arrive
from the transparent material of the reflector itself in which case
it is redirected back into the transparent material of the reflector, or
it may arrive at the redirecting surface from some other material
(e.g., air) in which case it is redirected back into the other material.
Whether a recited transparent modifier is a reflector or some other
type of modifier or both depends, for purposes of classification
within this class, on its proximate function according to the claim
or claimed disclosure.
REFRACTOR
A light modifier whose proximate function is to redirect light
comprising a light pervious material having a pair of opposed surfaces,
at least one of which is, at least in part, so angularly related
to the other surface that the path of a light ray incident on one
opposed surface of the material and the path of the same ray after
it emerges from the material through the other opposed surface are not
parallel. A nominally recited "lens" is considered a refractor
for purposes of classification within this class only if the structural
and functional characteristics of a refractor can be imputed to
it from the claim or claimed disclosure. (See (1) Note to the definition
of "Modifier," above).
SELECTED WAVELENGTH MODIFIER
A type of modifier which modifies light of at least one wavelength
(color) differently from light of another wavelength. Such modifiers
may reflect, refract or filter light.
TRANSLUCENT
Having the property of certain light pervious materials which
results in the random internal scattering of light rays passing
through the material.
TRANSPARENT
Having the property of certain light pervious materials which
permits light rays to pass through the material in straight lines.
Transparent illuminating means may or may not be light modifiers.
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Subject matter having means for modifying the spectral character
of light from an artificial source for the purpose of producing
light simulating daylight.
(1)
Note. This subclass includes a combination of light sources
of differing spectral outputs with means for mixing the outputs
for a combined spectral output simulating daylight.
Surgery: Light, Thermal, and Electrical Application,
subclass 95 for a cabinet to enclose a person and designed to
expose the person to the sun"s rays and subclasses 88+ for
devices to apply light to the body for therapeutic purposes.
This subclass is indented under subclass 1. Subject matter wherein the means for modifying the light
has different effects on different light wavelengths such as absorbing
some while transmitting others or reflecting others.
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Subject matter comprising means to illuminate a subject
and designed for use with a device (camera) for recording an image
of the subject on photosensitive material and not classifiable elsewhere.
(1)
Note. This and the indented subclasses include subcombinations
adapted to perfect the illumination function such as a "flashgun"
designed to give a short burst of high intensity light when used
with an unclaimed shutter actuator.
for light projectors of general illumination utility
including "photo flood lights" which fail to require structural features
that would limit them to a photographic environment.
Electric Lamp and Discharge Devices: Systems, appropriate subclasses for systems including circuit means
for energizing light sources of the nonconsumable type.
Electricity: Electrical Systems and Devices,
subclasses 243+ for electrical systems for igniting combustible flashbulbs
of general utility and wherein the flashbulbs are not limited by
specific structure. See the reference to Class 431 below.
Combustion,
subclasses 357+ for photoflash bulbs, per se, of the combustible
type and combinations which include means for igniting such specific
bulbs. That section also provides for a nominal light source, such
as a "flashbulb," or a nominal light modifier or "reflector" if
combined with specific mechanical igniting means, such as percussive
means and which may include light source support means. See the
reference to Class 361 above which provides for more general utility
electrical ignition means that are not limited by light source, modifier
or support details.
Electrical Connectors,
subclass 151 for a coupling part connector combined with means
to allow repositioning of a mating part for engagement of different
contacts on the mating part, e.g., a flash cube, etc.; and subclasses 620.01-620.34
for an electrical connector combined with a named circuit component;
and see the notes appended thereto.
This subclass is indented under subclass 3. Subject matter having an electrical device which responds
to radiant light energy by (a) varying its electrical characteristics,
(b) generating an electric current, or (c) means for determining
the intensity or quantity of light emanating from a particular location
or direction, wherein any of the aforementioned three are combined
with photos:graphic illumination structure.
This subclass is indented under subclass 3. Subject matter including thermal sensitive means or means
to facilitate the transfer of heat energy.
(1)
Note. It is recognized that all material objects are heat
conductive and heat sensitive to some degree, but this subclass
is limited to means for significantly utilizing the thermal reaction
characteristics of the objects.
This subclass is indented under subclass 3. Subject matter including means which selectively perform
two dissimilar functions by appropriate rearrangement of parts or
means including specific adaptor structure.
(1)
Note. Included as dissimilar functions are such examples
as continuous lighting and flash lighting, single flash and plural
simultaneous flashes for greater light intensity; combustive light
source and incandescent or gas discharge light source; and means
for converting from manual lamp substitution to automatic indexing
lamp substitution.
for the combination of a photoflash bulb and a flood
lamp to be used simultaneously but without switching means for converting
from one type to the other.
This subclass is indented under subclass 3. Subject matter to which has been added a subcombination
or assembly which is recognized as the subject matter of some other
class.
(1)
Note. The subject matter of subclasses 10 to 18 below are
considered so basic to the operation characterizing this photographic
illumination section that they are dealt with as manifestations
of the photographic light operation rather than a combination for
this subclass.
(2)
Note. In this subclass are included combinations of a photographic
light unit and (a) mechanical structure for connection to a camera
or (b) cable storage means.
This subclass is indented under subclass 8. Subject matter wherein the added subcombination includes
specific structure to hold an electrochemical cell.
This subclass is indented under subclass 3. Subject matter including means for protecting the user from
undesirable effects, or means to protect photographic lighting apparatus
or means that include additional structure that must be manipulated
before normal operation of photographic lighting apparatus can proceed.
This subclass is indented under subclass 3. Subject matter including two or more light sources, or holders
for two or more light sources, or structure adapted to support or move
said holders.
(1)
Note. This subclass, or those indented thereunder, include
structure that facilitate proper orientation for photographic lighting
such as rotary indexing mechanisms that may support and impart the desired
movement to a support for plural light sources (flashcubes).
This subclass is indented under subclass 11. Subject matter including (a) means for replacing one light
source with another, or (b) means for selectively energizing plural
light sources one at a time.
This subclass is indented under subclass 13. Subject matter including means to move a light source or
support from a nonilluminating position to an illuminating position,
or which allows such movement to be made by the user from one predetermined
position to another illuminating position.
(1)
Note. Mere light source socket means that allow the user
to insert a light bulb is not sufficient for this or the indented subclasses.
(2)
Note. This and the indented subclasses include means for
moving a light source support for plural light sources such as a flashcube,
where not elsewhere classified.
Combustion,
subclasses 357+ for (a) the combination of a specific Class 431
type combustible flashbulb and a nominal light modifier or reflector;
or (b) the subcombination of a percussive actuator and indexing
means for a combustible flashbulb; or (c) a nominal flashbulb with
mechanical ignition means.
Combustion,
subclasses 357+ for a specific Class 431 combustible flashbulb
and electrically ignited primer without a specific light modifier
or specific light reflector.
This subclass is indented under subclass 16. Subject matter wherein the specific means permit adjustment
of the orientation or position of light affecting surfaces.
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Subject matter comprising a light source which emits a ray
of light having substantially equal components of wave energy in
various directions transverse to the path of the ray and means to
alter the light so that the ray has a greater wave energy component
in one transverse direction than in another.
(1)
Note. Where the illuminating devices include only a reflector
or other means which may incidentally polarize the light; the patent
is not classified in this subclass. This subclass includes only illuminating
devices where means are provided especially for the purpose of polarizing
the light emitted by the light source.
Communications: Radio Wave Antennas,
subclass 756 for antennas with a polarization filter or converter; and
subclasses 909+ for radio wave polarizers, per se.
Optical: Systems and Elements,
subclasses 483+ for (a) light polarizing compositions, (b) light
polarizing devices, and (c) polarizing systems not provided for
in some other optical class.
AUTOMATIC SUBSTITUTION OF POWER SUPPLY OR LIGHT SOURCE:
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Subject matter having either (a) one energy source and first
and second light sources and means to supply energy from the energy
source to the second light source in response to failure of the
first light source; or (b) first and second energy sources and one light
source and means to cause the second energy source to supply energy
to the light source in response to failure of the first energy source;
or (c) first and second energy sources and first and second light
sources and means to cause the second energy source to supply energy
to the second light source in response to failure of either the
first energy source or the first light source.
WITH FILAMENT CONTROL MEANS RESPONSIVE TO FRACTURE OF LIGHT
SOURCE ENVELOPE OR ENCLOSURE:
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Subject matter wherein the light source is an incandescent
electric filament enclosed in an envelope and may additionally be
contained in an enclosing means and wherein electric circuit means
is provided to connect the filament to a source of electrical energy
and wherein means are provided to disconnect the filament from its
source of electrical energy or to reduce or otherwise inhibit the
flow of energy through the filament in response to the breakage
of the envelope or the enclosing means.
This subclass is indented under subclass 21. Subject matter having an enclosure which is sealed and a
fluid within the enclosure and wherein the means to disconnect the
filament from its source of electrical energy, etc., includes a
switch and wherein the enclosure, the fluid and the switch are so
interrelated that a break in the enclosure either (a) changes the amount
of fluid in the enclosure to open the switch, or (b) changes the
pressure of the fluid in the enclosure to open the switch and thus open
the circuit to the filament.
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Subject matter combined with means, claimed or disclosed
as bearing two or more markings corresponding to the same number
of consecutive measurements of some variable other than merely the
position, composition, or distribution of light from the illuminating structure
of this class wherein the illuminating structure contributes to
the illumination of the markings.
(1)
Note. Generally, means for driving, operating or controlling
indicator will exclude classification in this Class. For example,
a movable pointer, clockwork mechanism, measuring means, condition
responsive sensor or positions indicating sensor.
(2)
Note. Combinations including specific structure of machinery
or apparatus provided for in other classes, beyond recitations of
structure necessary to set out the relationship of the illuminated
scale, dial or markings, will generally be classified with that
machinery or apparatus.
(3)
Note. The variable of the definition above could be just
the position of a control knob. The mere disclosure of illuminating
an unmarked panel, plate or knob is insufficient for classification
herein.
for a photographic illuminator with measuring or
indicating means. See other subclasses directed to the basic illuminating
structure of this class where means indicating the position, compositions
or distribution of light may be claimed or disclosed.
Card, Picture, or Sign Exhibiting,
subclass 204 for illuminated license plates, subclasses 480
and 502 for illuminated changeable exhibitors, and subclasses 541+ for
illuminated signs.
Measuring and Testing,
subclass 293 for a liquid level gauge with illuminating means
and subclass 499 for a speed or acceleration measuring device with
an illuminated reading device.
Horology: Time Measuring Systems or Devices,
subclass 67 for illuminated clocks with recited drive or clockwork
mechanism; and subclass 227 for clock dials, per se.
This subclass is indented under subclass 23. Subject matter wherein the means is part of an instrument
for reproducing sounds at a distance wherein the sounds are converted
into electrical impulses for transmission by wire and whose circuit
is independent of the means for illuminating the instrument.
(1)
Note. The dial must be claimed for placement in this subclass
rather than in subclass 88 below.
This subclass is indented under subclass 23. Subject matter wherein the means bearing two or more markings
indicates the temperature of the water or water vapor in a heat
exchange device which transfers heat from water or water vapor to
air.
(1)
Note. Subject matter of this subclass type may comprise,
for example, an attachment to a radiator cap or part of the radiator
cap of an automobile or be attached to the filter neck or radiator
of an automobile.
Thermal Measuring and Testing,
subclasses 100+ for detailed structure of thermometers, particularly
subclass 146 for radiator cap-mounted thermometers.
This subclass is indented under subclass 23. Subject matter wherein the illuminating structure includes
(a) an object made of light transmitting material with a relatively
narrow surface or side disposed adjacent a light source; or (b)
a transparent, relatively elongated structure which transmits light
rays from one point to another within the confines of its outer
surface or surfaces by internal reflections or nodal transmission.
(1)
Note. This and indented subclass include, for example, the
combination of a relatively thin light transmitting object and a
light source located in an aperture extending through its major
surfaces or embedded between said major surfaces.
Communications: Electrical,
subclasses 815.4+ , particularly subclasses 815.42+ for light
piping used in electrically controlled visual signal indicators.
This subclass is indented under subclass 23. Subject matter wherein the scale or dial is contained within
an instrument case and the illuminating structure is external to
the case; the case having an opening through which the scale or dial
is observed and either another opening or light transparent portion
through which light from the external illuminating structure enters the
case to illuminate the scale or dial.
(1)
Note. The instrument has no structure to measure a quantity
and the dial has no arrangement or structure to classify the instrument
or dial in an appropriate measuring or indicating class.
Measuring and Testing,
subclass 293 for illuminated liquid level gauges, subclass 499
for a speed or acceleration illuminated reading device, subclasses
388+ for fluid pressure gauges, and subclass 431 for instrument
casings.
Electricity: Measuring and Testing,
subclasses 76.11+ for measuring, testing or sensing electricity;
subclasses 160+ for electrical speed measuring devices;
and subclass 156 for casings, per se.
This subclass is indented under subclass 23. Subject matter wherein the means includes a meter housing
or casing and the illuminating structure includes a light source
within said housing or casing.
This subclass is indented under subclass 29. Subject matter wherein the illuminating structure includes
light modifiers or directors that are interposed between the means
and the light source.
(1)
Note. This subclass includes combinations wherein a light
source is located behind the viewing face of a dial or scale plate
that is translucent or transparent.
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Subject matter having a plurality of light sources arranged
to direct a condensed and substantially shadowless light onto a
surface on which objects upon which manual operations are to be
performed are supported.
(1)
Note. Subject matter of this subclass type includes, for
example, systems for illuminating patients for surgical operations.
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Subject matter having an emitter of light produced by a
flameless chemical reaction combined with a light modifier or light
modifier support structure.
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Subject matter in which part or all of the illuminating
means rotates continually in one direction about an axis.
(1)
Note. Subject matter of this subclass type includes, for
example, lighthouse beacons or rotating flashing devices which are
mechanical.
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Subject matter which includes a steering mechanism or an
element of a steering mechanism of a vehicle and wherein the motion
of the steering mechanism or the element controls the direction
taken by the vehicle; a multiple position switch or plural electric
switches, a switch operator to make or break the multiple switch
positions or to operate selectively the plural electric switches;
a plurality of electric light sources, generally one source being directed
forward and at least one light source directed to each side of a
vehicle, and in which the motion of the steering mechanism or the steering
mechanism element controls the switch operator to control circuits
to at least some of the plurality of electric lights.
Electric Lamp and Discharge Devices: Systems,
subclass 81 for vehicle headlight systems where no light support
is claimed or wherein the headlight is only nominally recited.
VEHICLE STEERING MECHANISM OR ELEMENT MOVES PIVOTED LAMP
OR LAMP SUPPORT:
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Subject matter comprising means to change the direction
of movement of a transporting device, or a movable element of such means,
and a tiltable or rotatable lamp or lamp support wherein motion
imparted to the direction changing means or to the element thereof to
change the direction of movement of the transporting device is also
used concurrently to tilt and rotate the lamp or lamp support.
(1)
Note. The subject matter of this subclass type includes lamps
or lamp supports which are directly supported by the steering gear
or the steering gear element so that the motion of the steering
gear or element to direct a vehicle is also the same motion given
to the lamp or lamp support.
Electric Lamp and Discharge Devices: Systems,
subclass 81 for vehicle headlight systems where no light support
is claimed or wherein the headlight is only nominally recited.
This subclass is indented under subclass 37. Subject matter having a fluid motion transmission means
controlled by the steering gear or steering gear element connected
to the lamp or to the lamp support so that the motion imparted by
the steering gear or steering gear element to direct the movement
of a vehicle is also used concurrently to transmit motion through
the fluid motion transmission means to tilt or rotate the lamp or
lamp support.
(1)
Note. A dashpot to damp the oscillation of a pivoted lamp
or pivoted lamp support is not considered a fluid motion transmission
means of this subclass type.
This subclass is indented under subclass 37. Subject matter wherein the lamp or lamp support is rotatable
in a horizontal plane in response to the movement of the transporting device
or a movable element of such means and the lamp or lamp support
or at least a portion of the lamp or lamp support is rotatable also
in a vertical plane and manual means is connected to the lamp or
lamp support or to the portion of the lamp support to pivot the
lamp or lamp support in the vertical plane.
(1)
Note. The manual means includes mechanism responsive to the
foot, hand or the other member of a human operator to impart motion
to pivot the lamp or lamp support or portion thereof in the vertical
plane.
This subclass is indented under subclass 37. Subject matter having means operated by the motion of some
portion of the human body to tilt or rotate the lamp or lamp support
independently of the steering mechanism or element.
This subclass is indented under subclass 37. Subject matter which includes means responsive to the movement
of the vehicle steering mechanism or element when a turn by the
vehicle is being made in one direction relative to linear movement
of the vehicle to rotate the pivoted lamp or pivoted lamp support
in the same direction as the turn but not when a turn by the vehicle
is being made in the opposite relative direction.
(1)
Note. Typically, subject matter of this subclass type includes
two headlamps where one headlamp turns and the other remains stationary
when a vehicle steering mechanism turns in one direction. When
the vehicle turns in the other direction, the one headlamp is stationary and
the other turns in the opposite direction to the first turn.
This subclass is indented under subclass 37. Subject matter wherein the steering mechanism or element
includes or comprises a rotatable and turnable annular or circular
vehicle supporting member which contacts and rolls on a vehicle
supporting surface; or wherein a turnable means is provided to support
means to stop or decelerate the vehicle and wherein the lamp or
lamp support is tilted or rotated by the turning motion of the vehicle
supporting member or the stopping means support.
This subclass is indented under subclass 37. Subject matter wherein there are two lamps, each rotatable
about an axis, or two lamp supports, each having a portion rotatable
about an axis, a motion transmission means connecting the steering
gear or the steering gear element to both of the rotatable lamps
or to the two rotatable portions of the lamp supports so that motion
imparted by the steering gear or the steering gear element to turn
or direct a vehicle is also imparted through the motion transmission
means to rotate both of the lamps concurrently or rotate both of
the lamp support portions with the turning or direction of a vehicle.
This subclass is indented under subclass 43. Subject matter wherein there is a single mechanical connection
between the steering gear or the steering gear element and the motion
transmission means.
This subclass is indented under subclass 44. Subject matter wherein the motion transmission means is
so connected to the two rotatable lamps or to the two rotatable
lamp support portions that the motion imparted to the motion transmission
means by the steering gear or the steering gear element first turns
one of the two rotatable lamps and the motion of the "one" rotatable
lamp in turn rotates the second rotatable lamp or the motion imparted
to the motion transmission means by the steering gear or steering
gear element first turns one of rotatable lamp support portions
and the motion of the "one" rotatable lamp support portion in turn rotates
the second rotatable lamp support portion.
This subclass is indented under subclass 45. Subject matter wherein the steering gear or the steering
gear element includes either a first movable member to receive motion
from a human operator; a movable shaft which receives the motion
from the first movable member; a second movable member receiving the
motion from the movable shaft or a movable rod moved by the second
movable member and the motion transmission means is connected to
either the first movable member, the movable shaft, the second movable
member or the movable rod.
This subclass is indented under subclass 46. Subject matter wherein the motion transmission means includes
a rigid rod connected to (a) each of the lamps to rotate each of
the lamps about its axis, or (b) to each of the rotatable portions
of the lamp supports to rotate each of the rotatable lamp support
portions about its axis and a rigid member connected directly to
each of the rigid rods to impart motion to the rods.
This subclass is indented under subclass 45. Subject matter wherein motion is imparted to the motion
transmission means to move the two rotatable lamps or lamp portions
concurrently by a movable bar which is part of the steering gear
and which functions to join two movable spindle arms of a vehicle
steering arrangement so that the spindle arms turn concurrently
in the same direction.
This subclass is indented under subclass 44. Subject matter wherein the steering gear includes, or the
steering gear element is a movable member to receive motion from
a human operator, a movable shaft which receives the motion from
the movable member responsive to the human operator, a movable member receiving
the motion from the movable shaft, or a movable rod moved by the
member receiving the motion from the movable shaft.
This subclass is indented under subclass 49. Subject matter wherein the motion transmission means includes
a rigid crank rod directly connected to the rotatable lamp or lamp
support to pivot the lamp or lamp support about an axis and a rigid
movable member connected to the crank rod so that the motion of
the rigid movable member given by the movable steering gear element
turns the crank rod to impart a turning motion to the rotatable
lamp or lamp support to move the lamp or lamp support about its
axis.
This subclass is indented under subclass 44. Subject matter wherein motion is imparted to the motion
transmission means to move the two rotatable lamps or lamp support
portions concurrently by a movable bar which is part of the steering
gear and which function to join two movable spindle arms of a vehicle
steering arrangement so that the spindle arms turn concurrently
in the same direction.
This subclass is indented under subclass 43. Subject matter wherein motion is imparted to the motion
transmission means to move the two rotatable lamps or lamp support
portions by a movable bar which is part of the steering gear and
which functions to join two movable spindle arms of a vehicle steering
arrangement so that the spindle arms turn concurrently in the same
direction.
This subclass is indented under subclass 37. Subject matter wherein the rotatable lamp or lamp support
is connected through a motion transmission means to the means to
change the direction of a vehicle or a movable element of such means
which includes or is a movable steering member to receive motion
from a human operator; a movable shaft which receives the motion
from the member responsive to a human operator; a movable member receiving
the motion from the movable shaft or a movable rod moved by the
member receiving the motion from the movable shaft.
This subclass is indented under subclass 53. Subject matter wherein the motion transmission means includes
a rigid crank rod directly connected to the rotatable lamp or lamp
support to pivot the lamp or lamp support about an axis and a rigid
movable member connected to the crank rod so that the motion of
the rigid movable member received from the movable steering member
or the movable shaft or the movable member receiving the motion
from the shaft or the movable rod causes the crank rod to pivot
the lamp or lamp support about the axis.
This subclass is indented under subclass 37. Subject matter wherein the lamp or lamp support is rotatable
and the means to change the direction of movement of a transporting
device includes or the movable element of such device is a steering
knuckle which supports a steering wheel spindle or an arm connected
to the knuckle; a motion transmission means connecting the knuckle
or the arm connected to the knuckle to the lamp or lamp support
so that motion imparted by the knuckle or the arm connected to the
knuckle to turn or direct a vehicle is also imparted through the
motion transmission means to rotate the lamp or lamp support concurrently
with the turning of a vehicle.
(1)
Note. Attachments which are motion transmission elements
which are connected to a pivoted lamp or lamp support are here.
This subclass is indented under subclass 55. Subject matter wherein the motion transmission means or
the rotatable lamp or lamp support includes a motion transfer linkage
which permits a portion of one member to slide within a portion
of another member while transferring the motion of the knuckle or
knuckle arm to rotate the lamp or lamp support.
This subclass is indented under subclass 37. Subject matter wherein the vehicle steering gear includes
or the vehicle steering gear element is a bar capable of motion
which functions to move both steering wheels of a vehicle in the
same direction and the lamp is rotatable about an axis or the lamp
support has a portion rotatable about an axis; and a motion transmission
means connects the bar to the rotatable lamp or the rotatable portion
of the lamp support so that the motion of the bar is used to direct
the movement of a vehicle and concurrently to impart motion to the
rotatable lamp or the rotatable portion of the lamp support through
the motion transmission means.
(1)
Note. Many patents here include a spring forming part of
the rotating means which spring upon rotative movement to the rotative
lamp or rotative portion of the lamp support stores energy to revert the
rotating lamp or rotating portion of the lamp support back to its
initial position before movement by the steering gear or steering
gear element. Springs are used to bias the lamp or support against
movement in a vertical direction.
This subclass is indented under subclass 57. Subject matter which includes a means to release the rotatable
lamp or the rotatable portion of the lamp support from the control
of the bar and the motion transmission means.
(1)
Note. The means to release may be between a tie rod and the
motion transmission means, part of the transmission means, between
the rotatable lamp or the rotatable portion of the lamp support
and the motion transmission means or part of the rotatable lamp
or rotatable part of the lamp support.
This subclass is indented under subclass 57. Subject matter wherein the motion transmission means includes
a rigid rod connected to the rotatable lamp or the rotatable portion
of the lamp support to pivot the lamp or the rotatable portion of
the lamp support about its axis and therein a movable rigid member
connected to the rigid rod so that the motion imparted by the bar
is transmitted through the movable member to the rod to turn the
pivoted lamp or rotatable portion of the lamp support about its axis.
This subclass is indented under subclass 59. Subject matter which includes a movable connection between
(a) the bar and the motion transmission means, (b) the rigid rod
and the rigid member, (c) the rigid rod and the rotatable lamp or
the rotatable portion of the lamp support, or (d) any two members
of the motion transmission means wherein the movable connection
includes a movable elongated opening formed in a member or by movable
elements forming such an opening and a movable second member shaped
to move within the opening or between the elements forming the opening whereby
upon movement of the elongated opening; the second member between
or within the opening will move or when the second member moves
within or between the member or elements forming the member the
elongated opening will move to transmit motion.
LIGHT SOURCE OR LIGHT SOURCE SUPPORT AND LUMINESCENT MATERIAL:
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Subject matter comprising a light source or light source
support combined with a separate fluorescent or phosphorescent material.
(1)
Note. This subclass does not include a light source, per
se, wherein fluorescent material is merely applied to a lamp bulb.
See the search class notes below.
Radiant Energy,
subclasses 483.1+ for luminescent devices responsive to invisible
radiation; and subclasses 493.1+ for radiant energy generation and
sources that may include fluorescent or phosphorescent materials.
Electric Lamp and Discharge Devices,
subclasses 483+ and the subclasses specified in the notes thereto for
electric lamps, per se, and electronic tubes which have combined therewith
a fluorescent or phosphorescent material.
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Subject matter combined with a panel or cabinet on which
are mounted switches, indicators or other apparatus used for centrally
controlling electrical or mechanical devices, not classified elsewhere.
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Subject matter combined with a sound transducer with means
for illuminating some part of the transducer.
(1)
Note. In this and the indented subclasses are placed patents
whose claims all relate to the illuminating features to be applied
to the transducer and such combinations with modifications of the transducer
merely for the promotion of illumination. If specific structure
is claimed in the transducer with which the source of light is combined,
which specific structure is independent of the illumination, the
patent is classified with the transducer whether the illuminating
features are broadly or specifically claimed.
This subclass is indented under subclass 86. Subject matter wherein the transducer is an instrument for
reproducing sound usually by means of the vibration of a stylus
or needle following a spiral groove on a revolving disc or cylinder.
This subclass is indented under subclass 86. Subject matter wherein the transducer is an instrument for
reproducing sounds at a distance wherein the sounds are converted
into electrical impulses for transmission by wire and whose circuit
is independent of the means for illuminating the transducer.
(1)
Note. This subclass includes illuminator attachments for
a telephone wherein the illuminator includes mechanical switch actuator
structure intended to interact with telephone structure such as
a switch arm which would engage and be operated by the movement
of the telephone receiver.
for means to illuminate a telephone dial plate other
than just by an external light source placed for general illumination
of the telephone as a whole.
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Subject matter in combination with a device including an
assemblage of parts that transmit forces, motion, and energy one
to another in a predetermined manner and generally support structure
wherein illuminating means of the class is attached to or built
into the device to illuminate some part of the device or work area
of the device, and not classified elsewhere.
(1)
Note. Illuminating light supports are considered basic subject
matter of the class even if they include machine elements, and are
classified in subclasses 382+ below rather than being considered a
combined device for subclasses 89+.
(2)
Note. Hand held machine tools or implements are classified
in subclasses 109+ below.
(3)
Note. Mere supports or holders of objects other than illuminating
elements are classified below with the specific type of object support
or holder, e.g., subclasses 98+, paper holders; subclasses
127+, furniture; subclasses 135+, viewing mirror;
and subclasses 154+, container.
(4)
Note. Heating or refrigerating and fluid dispensers are provided
for below in subclasses 92+ and 96.
This subclass is indented under subclass 89. Subject matter wherein the machine performs the function
of uniting or ornamenting material by means of a strand which is
inserted (stitched) in the material at spaced locations by a needle
having an eye, or equivalent structure, and enchained or otherwise
locked in position.
This subclass is indented under subclass 89. Subject matter wherein the machine is designed or adapted
for the removal of foreign matter, not elsewhere classified.
Cleaning and Liquid Contact With Solids,
subclass 113 for apparatus combined with alarm, signal, indicating,
testing, inspecting, illuminating or display means.
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Subject matter combined with apparatus for heating or cooling
articles not otherwise classified.
(1)
Note. Apparatus including an enclosure with a display or
observation window for articles that might be placed in the enclosure
is classified in subclass 126 below.
for an elongated source light unit with cooling
means; and subclasses 264, 294, 345, 364, 373, and 437 for other illumination
structure with heating or cooling means.
Stoves and Furnaces,
subclass 97 for a heating and illuminating stove using a liquid
fueled wick, subclass 213 for an illuminated stove lid or top, subclass
267 for a dinner bucket combined with a lantern heated by fluid fuel,
or subclass 388.1 for a liquid heater having an open-top vessel
that may include a lid and an indicator or signaler feature.
This subclass is indented under subclass 92. Subject matter wherein the apparatus is combined with a
light fixture which burns a material to produce light.
This subclass is indented under subclass 92. Subject matter combined with a circuit breaker linked with
a closure of said apparatus to control the operation of a light
source.
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Subject matter combined with a cover for an electrical circuit
breaker or electrical receptacle, not classified elsewhere.
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Subject matter combined with structure for distributing
or dealing out liquid, gaseous, or fluidic materials for purposes
other than supplying fuel or heat exchange materials to an artificial
light source, not classified elsewhere.
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Subject matter comprising means including a light source
for illuminating a generally planar transparent, or translucent
display from behind, not elsewhere classified.
(1)
Note. Included here are light table-type illuminators.
(2)
Note. Included in this subclass are drafting tables with the
above illuminating structure for the purpose of facilitating tracing
or tables for inspecting fabrics or other thin flexible materials.
This subclass is indented under subclass 97.1. Subject matter comprising means including a light source
for illuminating a liquid crystal display from behind.
(1)
Note. LCD backlights (i.e., direct-type) are used to distribute
light transmitted from light sources uniformly over the back surface
of a liquid crystal display.
(2)
Note. Direct-type backlights are also used for LCD’s
in large dimensions whereas edge light type is used for LCD’s
of small dimensions.
(3)
Note. Most of the light sources in this subclass are incandescent
or fluorescent.
This subclass is indented under subclass 97.1. Subject matter including means to secure or hold a light
transmitting or transparent image in front of the light source.
Optics: Motion Pictures, appropriate subclasses for the presentation of a series
of pictures at such a rate as to create an illusion of motion due
to the persistency of vision of the observer, and especially
subclass 129 for motion-picture filmstrip viewer.
Optical: Systems and Elements,
subclasses 466 through 477for stereoscopic viewers, subclasses 616 and 617
for kaleidoscopes, and subclasses 804-807 for viewers with specific optics
or relatively movable lens and transparency for viewing only a selected
portion of the transparency.
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Subject matter combined with means for supporting sheet-like
reading or writing material, and not classifiable elsewhere.
Card, Picture, or Sign Exhibiting,
subclasses 714+ for tables with illumination means, subclasses
341+ for copyholders, and subclasses 541+ for illuminated
signs.
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Subject matter combined with a device attached to some part
of a door or its knob to illuminate the knob or a hole for receiving
a key not elsewhere classified.
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Subject matter combined with a receptacle for holding a
liquid other than fuel or heat exchange materials for a light source,
not classified elsewhere.
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Subject matter combined with a cane, baton, umbrella or
club of the hand-held type, and not classified elsewhere.
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Subject matter combined with (a) a garment, covering or
clothing, (b) a harness to be worn by an animal, or (c) an article
generally composed of precious stones and metal (jewelry) and of
an analogous nature or imitations of the same which are intended
to be worn upon the person as ornaments, not otherwise classified.
Animal Husbandry,
subclasses 858+ , especially subclass 859, for an animal collar
including an illumination element when the collar is more than nominally
recited.
This subclass is indented under subclass 103. Subject matter wherein a light source or light source support
is combined with articles generally composed of precious metal and
stones of an analogous nature not otherwise classified or imitations
of the same, which are intended to be worn upon the person as ornaments.
This subclass is indented under subclass 103. Subject matter wherein the garment, covering or harness
is to be worn on the head of the animal or supported by some portion
of the head.
(1)
Note. A head covering as used in this and the indented subclasses
refers to elements which extend generally along and contiguous to
the head surface, and (a) over the top of the head, usually in arch or
dome-like fashion, and/or (b) peripherally around at least
a portion of the front, sides and/or back of head in general
conformance with head contour, as exemplified by a mere head band.
This subclass is indented under subclass 105. Subject matter wherein the covering extends generally over
the major portion of the head as distinguished from a mere head
band or open framework.
This subclass is indented under subclass 103. Subject matter wherein the garment, clothing or harness
includes means passing over the shoulder or encircling the torso
of the animal.
(1)
Note. This subclass includes sling-type suspension means
where an element passes over one shoulder, around the neck, and
over the other shoulder.
Buoys, Rafts, and Aquatic Devices,
subclass 89 for body attached, worn, supporting, or encircling
buoyant devices combined with diverse class art devices.
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Subject matter combined with a hand-held device whose function
is to perform, or assist in the performance of a specific operation,
or a hand-held holder for such device other than a container, not
classified elsewhere.
(1)
Note. This section includes a hand-held holder for a key
in subclass 116, below.
(2)
Note. An illuminator with a handle but without specific structure
for holding a tool element will be classified according to its illuminator
structure or function, such as a round flashlight in subclass 202.
Geometrical Instruments, especially
subclasses 348+ for measuring instruments of the class type combined
with illumination means, such as a spirit level.
This subclass is indented under subclass 109. Subject matter wherein the device is a weapon from which
a shot may be discharged by gunpowder or structure formed to resemble
a weapon.
This subclass is indented under subclass 110. Subject matter wherein illuminator structure may be attached
to the weapon in such a way that a shot may not be discharged.
(1)
Note. This subclass includes patents wherein a light source
or switch mechanism is placed in the bore of the weapon.
This subclass is indented under subclass 110. Subject matter which includes a hand-held portable illumination
device having a housing shaped to resemble a firearm having a hand grip
by which the device is held and carried.
This subclass is indented under subclass 110. Subject matter wherein the class illumination structure
includes a circuit breaker by a part of a means moved by a finger
to fire the weapon.
This subclass is indented under subclass 110. Subject matter wherein the weapon includes an electric circuit
breaker located in a handle of the weapon.
This subclass is indented under subclass 109. Subject matter wherein the device includes a metallic mass
which, when heated, may be used to apply heat to another object.
(1)
Note. This subclass includes flat irons, and soldering irons
not classified elsewhere.
Electric Heating,
subclass 220 for electrical heating devices with light means;
and subclasses 227+ for hand manipulative heating devices,
especially subclass 230 where combined with light means.
This subclass is indented under subclass 109. Subject matter wherein the device is used to facilitate
a mechanical operation such as driving, forming, shaping or finishing
an article.
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Subject matter comprising a light source or light source
support combined with either (a) a figure with five or more points
that represents a star, or (b) a figure with an upright bar traversed
by a horizontal bar, not classified elsewhere.
Card, Picture, or Sign Exhibiting, appropriate subclasses for movable display exhibitors
or those with the illusion of motion, and with illuminating means.
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Subject matter comprising a light source or light source
support combined with vegetation (i.e., any member of living beings
typically lacking locomotive movement or obvious nervous or sensory
organs) or parts (e.g., blossoms, leaves) or simulations thereof
and not classifiable elsewhere.
Card, Picture, or Sign Exhibiting, appropriate subclasses for movable display exhibitors or
those with the illusion of motion, and with illuminating means.
See especially
subclasses 480 , 502, 543+, and 614+.
This subclass is indented under subclass 122. Subject matter wherein the member is a woody perennial plant
having an elongated main stem generally with few branches on its
lower part, or a shrub or herb, or an imitation thereof, and not
classified elsewhere.
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Subject matter comprising a light source or light source
support combined with an imitation of a living being of the nonvegetable
type (i.e., typically differing from plants in its capacity for
spontaneous movement and rapid motor response to stimulation) and
not classifiable elsewhere.
Card, Picture, or Sign Exhibiting,
subclasses 411+ for movable figure display, subclass 540 for illuminated dummies,
and subclass 543 for displays with the illusion of motion.
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Subject matter combined with an enclosure that includes
a transparent wall or with a transparent wall for such an enclosure
which permits an article that may be placed within the enclosure
to be seen from outside the enclosure, and not classifiable elsewhere.
This subclass is indented under subclass 125. Subject matter wherein the enclosure includes structure
to minimize the transfer of thermal energy through a wall of the
enclosure, or to dispel undesirable thermal energy, e.g., refrigerated
showcase.
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Subject matter combined with articles of the support type
used for the general convenience of occupants of a room or other
occupiable space, and not classifiable elsewhere.
(1)
Note. This subclass, and those indented hereunder, deal with
articles that function to merely support an object. Articles, whose
function is dynamic, are generally classified in the subclasses above
or in the class providing for the function, e.g., telephone, refrigerator, machinery,
etc.
(2)
Note. In this subclass, and those indented hereunder, the
supporting is of articles other than a light unit, per se. For
example, a base with a vertical standard with a light socket attached
thereto, is considered a light support and is not classified here
unless there is also recited additional structure for supporting
some diverse art object such as a projecting shelf for an ash tray.
This subclass is indented under subclass 127. Subject matter combined with a smooth surface intended to
form an image of an object other than a light source by reflection.
(1)
Note. Mirrored medicine wall cabinets or nonportable mirrored
vanity or makeup stands/racks are classified here rather
than in subclasses 136+ below.
This subclass is indented under subclass 128. Subject matter wherein elements of the combination may be
readily changed in position with respect to one another or to a
stationary object as a unit.
This subclass is indented under subclass 127. Subject matter wherein the article is a device for supporting
the weight of a person in a seated position.
This subclass is indented under subclass 127. Subject matter wherein the article has structurally different
means for supporting articles, e.g., table top and a standard with
a bracket with a hook portion.
This subclass is indented under subclass 127. Subject matter wherein the article is an enclosure with
article supporting means.
(1)
Note. A recited "cabinet" will not be excluded from this
subclass if the disclosure indicates that it is intended to hold articles
other than light unit components.
(2)
Note. A "cabinet" for this subclass does not include partial
enclosures that have one side or top open permanently, i.e., a display
rack that is closed on only three of four sides is classified above.
Supports: Cabinet Structure, appropriate subclasses for specific cabinet structure and
subclass 223.5 for cabinet structure combined with illumination
means.
This subclass is indented under subclass 127. Subject matter wherein the article of furniture is a block-like
mass with article supporting means or surface but without spacing
legs, panels or pedestal.
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Subject matter combined with a smooth surface intended to
form an image of an object other than a light source by reflection,
not classified elsewhere.
This subclass is indented under subclass 135. Subject matter combined with a small box for containing
toilet articles.
(1)
Note. This subclass includes portable collapsible or hand-carried
cases as distinguished from the dressing table furniture type of
subclass 128 above. This subclass also includes mirrored purses
or bags.
This subclass is indented under subclass 136. Subject matter combined with a device linked with a closure
of said box to control the operation of a light source.
This subclass is indented under subclass 135. Subject matter wherein the surface is structurally combined
with a light source support which adapts the resultant combination
for the inspection of inaccessible places and which usually includes
a handle.
This subclass is indented under subclass 138. Subject matter wherein the resultant combination has means
allowing the adjustment of the various elements thereof.
This subclass is indented under subclass 135. Subject matter combined with (a) more than one light source
or light source support, or (b) different types of devices that
can change light.
This subclass is indented under subclass 140. Subject matter wherein elements of the combination may be
readily changed in position with respect to one another or to a
stationary object as a unit.
This subclass is indented under subclass 135. Subject matter wherein elements of the combination may be
readily changed in position with respect to one another or to a
stationary object as a unit.
This subclass is indented under subclass 142. Subject matter wherein the surface element faces in a different
or opposite direction than that of a light-directing element of
an integral light-beam apparatus.
(1)
Note. This subclass includes combination wherein the light
rays emitted by the integral light-beam apparatus are not intended
to strike the mirror surface either directly or indirectly, e.g.,
vehicle spot light with an integral rear view mirror facing in the
opposite direction.
This subclass is indented under subclass 142. Subject matter wherein a combination of said surface and
light source, support or modifier may be readily changed in position
as a unit.
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Subject matter wherein a light source support or light source
is combined with a component of a constructed stationary body, not
classified elsewhere.
(1)
Note. In this subclass and those indented hereunder are placed
patents whose claims all relate to the illuminating features to
be applied to a body component and such combinations with modifications
of the body merely for the promotion of illumination. If novelty
is claimed in the body or component structure with which a source
of light is combined, which novelty is independent of the illumination,
the patent is classified with the other body.
(2)
Note. In this subclass and those indented hereunder, support
elements for a light source or unit which do not also function as
supports for components of the stationary body or building are not
considered body components for placement in this section. That
is, structure which has no other purpose than that of supporting a
light source is not considered a static structure component for
this section.
(3)
Note. Class 52, Static Structures (e.g., Buildings), takes
building structure including features having functions in addition
to merely supporting the illuminating means or forming the enclosure, barrier
or other structure illuminated. In interpreting this line, the
presence of a claim to building structure not including illuminating
means is considered conclusive of the fact that such additional
function features are present.
Static Structures (e.g., Buildings),
subclass 28 for the subject matter of that class combined with
artificial illuminating means, and see the search class note there
with respect to this class.
This subclass is indented under subclass 145. Subject matter wherein the component is part of a flight
of stairs, its supporting framework, casing, baluster or railing.
This subclass is indented under subclass 145. Subject matter wherein the component is a vertical upright
or overhead enclosing part of a room or building.
This subclass is indented under subclass 147. Subject matter comprising means forming a secondary horizontal
barrier spaced below and coextensible with a ceiling and at least
one light source supported relative to the secondary barrier or
the ceiling such that light from the source is directed through
or reflected from at least a portion of the secondary barrier.
This subclass is indented under subclass 145. Subject matter wherein the component is (a) a framed heading
to conceal curtain tops or fixtures, or (b) a wall or ceiling molding.
This subclass is indented under subclass 145. Subject matter wherein the component is a paved surface
on which vehicles travel, or on which vehicles are parked.
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Subject matter combined with a receptacle for diverse articles
not classified elsewhere.
(1)
Note. In this subclass and those indented thereunder are
placed patents whose claims all relate to the illuminating features
to be applied to a receptacle and such combinations with modifications
of the receptacle merely for the promotion of illumination. If
novelty is claimed in the receptacle with which a source of light
is combined, which novelty is independent of the illumination, the
patent is classified with the receptacle.
(2)
Note. See the subclasses above for specific receptacles.
Receptacles for illuminator elements, such as a casing for the batteries
of a self-powered light source, are not treated as receptacles for
diverse articles for this section but rather are classified with
the particular illumination feature.
This subclass is indented under subclass 154. Subject matter combined with a circuit breaker linked with
a closure for said receptacle to control the operation of a light
source.
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Subject matter comprising (a) a casing to support an energy
source on or within the casing and a light source or a support for
the light source powered by the energy source; or (b) a support
to hold an energy source and a light source or a support for the
light source powered by the energy source; or (c) a light modifier
connected to a casing or support designed to support an energy source
used to produce light wherein the modifier directs light from a light
source powered by the energy source; or (d) a battery and a light
source totally supported by the battery; or (e) subcombinations and
elements of, and accessories limited in use to, an integral self-energized
lamp which produces illumination for general lighting not provided
for elsewhere.
(1)
Note. A reservoir for a source of energy may or may not be
claimed in patents before 1920. The total disclosure of patents
prior to 1920 including such a reservoir for a gas, liquid or solid
burner if meeting the requirements of this subclass will allow the
placement of a patent in this subclass.
(2)
Note. A gas, liquid or solid energy source, capable of chemically
uniting with the oxygen of the air to produce primarily light and
heat secondarily, a burner for the gas, liquid or solid energy source
and an optical modifier of light generated by the energy source
in the burner will be placed here when the energy source is contained
integrally with the structure having the burner and the light modifier.
(3)
Note. Electric energy sources such as primary and secondary
batteries and electric generators are here when the source is integral
with the light generator.
This subclass is indented under subclass 157. Subject matter wherein the casing encloses the energy source
and the light source powered by the energy source and wherein the
casing permits light emitted by the light source to exit through
a portion of the casing which is light transmissive and wherein
(a) the casing is sealed against liquid, gas or dust, or (b) an
element or elements of the lamp are sealed against liquid, gas or
dust, or (c) the lamp is encased in a covering which is transparent
to the light emitted by the lamp, and which is sealed against liquid,
gas or dust.
(1)
Note. The lamp may be enclosed in a container which may be
partially or totally transparent to the light emitted by the light
source, or the lamp casing may be sealed by structure such as a
covering, a coating of material or joints or the casing may be sealed
as by a gasket. Further, a light element may be coated or potted
to make the element fluid proof.
This subclass is indented under subclass 157. Subject matter wherein the light is generated by means other
than means which converts energy associated with an electric current
into visible radiant energy.
(1)
Note. Structure which is a subcombination of a nonelectric
light unit but specialized for use with such a light unit is placed
here or in the subclasses indented hereunder.
Combustion,
subclasses 100+ for a mantle type illuminating burner and subclasses
298+ for a wick type liquid fuel burner. Also see the
search class note under the class definition of Class 431.
This subclass is indented under subclass 159. Subject matter having means for burning acetylene for the
emission of light and means to modify the emitted light.
This subclass is indented under subclass 159. Subject matter having a light unit comprising a wick or
other capillary fuel conveying structure on which fuel burns, the
wick being imbedded in a meltable solid fuel, e.g., wax, etc., which
is meltable by the heat of the flame and is fed to the flame by
the wick, or structure peculiarly adapted for supporting the solid
fuel and a modifier.
This subclass is indented under subclass 161. Subject matter having means to effect a reduction in size
of the supporting structure from an operative condition to an inoperative
condition.
This subclass is indented under subclass 161. Subject matter wherein the modifier is a single unit to
encompass the candle and transmit light and having an opening at
the top and bottom for the passage of air.
This subclass is indented under subclass 159. Subject matter having means to prevent a flame from igniting
combustible gases which may surround the light unit.
(1)
Note. The means for preventing ignition is usually a fine
screen. These devices are not sealed type units.
This subclass is indented under subclass 159. Subject matter having means to absorb a portion of the light
ray energy and transmit the remainder or means to stop all light
ray energy from being transmitted.
This subclass is indented under subclass 166. Subject matter having a refractor or transparent housing
closure (i.e., "lens") and wherein the selective wavelength transmitting
or light blocking means is movable between the light source and
the lens.
This subclass is indented under subclass 166. Subject matter having more than one refractor or transparent
housing closure members through which light is transmitted.
This subclass is indented under subclass 169. Subject matter having means whereby a light unit body is
revolved on a support.
(1)
Note. The subject matter of this subclass type includes plural
lenses generally of different colors so that by rotating the unit
a change in color will be visible to one looking at the unit.
for nonelectric lamps having plural lenses and separate
selective wavelength transmitting or light blocking means movable
between at least one of the lenses and the light source.
This subclass is indented under subclass 159. Subject matter wherein a portion of the products of combustion
is led back to the flame or in which the air, or a portion thereof,
for combustion is preheated by the combustion.
Stoves and Furnaces,
subclass 79 for heating stoves that are provided with means
for returning the gases or products of combustion from the smoke outlet
to the combustion chamber of the stove.
Combustion,
subclasses 104+ for a mantle-type burner in which the fuel is heated
by the products of combustion and subclass 215 for a burner in which
the exhaust products heat the burner fuel.
This subclass is indented under subclass 171. Subject matter wherein the lamp"s upper part is peculiarly
structured.
(1)
Note. Subject matter of this subclass generally relates to
the hood or dome structure which connects with the upper end of
the tubes and which allow the escape of the products of combustion.
This subclass is indented under subclass 171. Subject matter wherein a globe is movable with respect to
its support structure for access to the burner.
This subclass is indented under subclass 174. Subject matter wherein the globe has one motion away from
the support structure and another motion of rotation about a pivot.
This subclass is indented under subclass 159. Subject matter having a lace-like hood or envelope of thin,
porous refractory material which, when positioned in a flame, incandesces.
This subclass is indented under subclass 159. Subject matter having means to encompass a light source
and transmit light and has an opening on the top and bottom for
a draft.
This subclass is indented under subclass 157. Subject matter wherein the energy source is an electric
battery enclosed within a casing and having a light source energizeable
by the battery and electric connectors supported by the casing to
permit electrical energy to be passed from outside the casing and
electrical means external or internal of the casing connected to the
connectors and to the battery or to the light source or support
therefor, whereby electric power supplied to the electrical means
(a) directly, or indirectly through the light source support, energizes
the light source, or (b) recharges the battery when the light source
or light source support is electrically disconnected from the battery.
(1)
Note. The battery in this subclass is a rechargeable or a
regular dry cell battery.
(2)
Note. The subcombination of a self-powered lamp which includes
charging terminals to connect an external power source to the battery
of self-powered lamp is placed here.
(3)
Note. Here also are self-powered lamps with integral charging
means.
This subclass is indented under subclass 157. Subject matter wherein there are one or more casings which
support within the casing or casings an electrical battery or batteries
and there are plural electrical filament bulb light sources supported
on the casing or casings, or there are plural light bulb supports
supported on the casing or casings.
This subclass is indented under subclass 184. Subject matter which includes a guard held by a casing to
protect the bulbs or bulb sockets from damage and which permits
light from the light bulb, or light from a bulb when supported by
the bulb support, to pass through.
This subclass is indented under subclass 157. Subject matter wherein the energy source is an electric
battery supported on or within the casing, the light source is an
electric filament light source and the light source support is for
an electric filament light bulb and there is (a) a light transmissive
member surrounding the filament light source or light source support
to permit light, emitted from the source or a source supported by
the support, to be transmitted through the member in at least one
hundred and eighty degrees of angle in more than one plane, or (b)
a protective member covering the light bulb or the light bulb support
which permits light from the light bulb or from a light bulb when
supported by the light bulb support to pass through the protective
member.
This subclass is indented under subclass 157. Subject matter wherein there is at least one optical light
modifier which receives light emitted by the light source and wherein
the light source, the light source support or the optical modifier
is adjustably mounted so that manual adjustment of the light source,
light source support or the light modifier will cause a change in
the light pattern formed by the light.
This subclass is indented under subclass 157. Subject matter wherein the casing encloses a battery and
also holds an electric light source or support therefor or wherein
there is a support to hold a battery and an electric light source
or support therefor, and wherein (a) the arrangement of the battery,
light source and/or light source support is designed not
to be reused, or (b) the casing or support is formed in part of
a material which is deformable.
(1)
Note. The term "deformable" includes plastic, metal in the
form of foil and cellulose material such as paper. Here, the casing
or support may be extruded, cast or stamped or may be a wrapping,
but the material of the casing or support is flexible.
(2)
Note. If, as recited, the battery is integral with a bulb
or a bulb socket or light modifier and the unit is a "throw-away," the
claim is classifiable in the subclass. If, as recited, only the
battery pack unit, as opposed to a battery or individual batteries
which can be replaced, is replaceable and separable from the light
bulb or bulb socket and the battery pack unit supports the lamp
bulb or lamp bulb socket, the claim is classifiable in subclasses
194+.
This subclass is indented under subclass 157. Subject matter having means to position, by itself or in
combination with some other disclosed means, a self-powered lamp
with respect to some reference point or reference structure.
(1)
Note. The "reference point" or "reference structure" of this
subclass type need not be included in or part of the claimed combination.
For example, a "reference point" of this subclass type may be on
or included in structure fixedly positioned with respect to the
earth"s surface, such as a table or floor, from which reference point
the self-powered lamp is positioned at least in part by the means
of this subclass type, as for example, a base.
This subclass is indented under subclass 190. Subject matter combined with or having means to attach the
support to the reference structure.
(1)
Note. For the definition of "reference structure" see the
search this class, subclass note below.
(2)
Note. The reference structure may be an animate or inanimate
support. The "means to attach the support" of this subclass includes
handles, bails, clamps, hooks, hangers, straps, magnets and suction
cups.
for a light support, per se, particularly subclass
382 for a strap support, subclasses 396+ for a clamp or
hood support, subclass 398 for a magnetic support, and subclasses
399+ for a handle or bail support.
This subclass is indented under subclass 157. Subject matter wherein the energy source is a means which
converts mechanical energy into electrical energy.
This subclass is indented under subclass 192. Subject matter wherein the mechanical energy is imparted
to the generator by a moving member which frictionally engages a
movable part of the generator.
This subclass is indented under subclass 157. Subject matter comprising an electric voltaic energy source,
and an electric light source or support therefor totally supported
by the voltaic energy source.
This subclass is indented under subclass 194. Subject matter wherein the voltaic energy source has electrical
connectors attached to the voltaic energy source to deliver the
energy of the source externally of the source to the light source
or light source support and the light source or light source support
is totally supported by one or more of the connectors.
This subclass is indented under subclass 157. Subject matter wherein the casing is composed of two similar
parts which together form the flashlight casing.
This subclass is indented under subclass 157. Subject matter wherein an electric light source or support
therefor and the casing each has an axis, and the axis of the light
source or light source support is permanently at an angle to the axis
of the casing, or the axis of the light source or light source support
is adjustable relative to the axis of the casing.
(1)
Note. An arrangement of a light source or light source support
having an axis and a casing having an axis parallel to the axis
of the light source or light source support is excluded from this
subclass.
(2)
Note. Subject matter of this subclass type includes, for
example, "elbow flashlights."
for flashlights which have a casing having at least
two major sides parallel to each other and the light source or light
source support and battery are supported by the casing.
This subclass is indented under subclass 197. Subject matter wherein the light source or light source
support is connected to the casing by a means which is movable to
permit the light source or light source support to be moved to various
locations consistent with the length of the means or by an electric
cord of such length to permit the light source or light source support
to be moved to various locations consistent with the length of the
cord.
(1)
Note. The means of this subclass type may be, for example,
telescopic, flexible, and sectional pivoted members.
This subclass is indented under subclass 197. Subject matter wherein the light source or light source
support is mounted upon the casing so that the light source or light
source support is turnable about a point.
This subclass is indented under subclass 157. Subject matter wherein the casing encloses an electric battery
and includes at least two planar surfaces parallel to each other
and supports an electrical filament lamp bulb.
This subclass is indented under subclass 200. Subject matter wherein the lamp bulb includes an electric
contact and the battery has an electrical contact and the contact
of the bulb always physically touches the contact of the battery
to pass an electrical current through the contacts from the battery
to the filament.
This subclass is indented under subclass 157. Subject matter comprising casings for electrically self-powered
lamp wherein the casing is an elongated hollow member having a generally
circular cross-section.
This subclass is indented under subclass 202. Subject matter having a battery of the primary type with
electrical terminals and an electrical light source or support therefor
having electrical terminals and a device to move a terminal of the
light source or light source support into or away from the contact
with a terminal of the battery.
This subclass is indented under subclass 202. Subject matter having a battery of the primary type and
a casing which is a nonconductor of electricity and a first conductor
supported by the casing and a second conductor separated electrically
from the first conductor and also supported by the casing and an
electrical current make and break device electrically connecting
the first and second conductors to selectively pass current between
the battery and an electric light source or support therefor.
This subclass is indented under subclass 202. Subject matter having a primary battery with electrical
terminals and an electric light source having terminals or an electric
light source support having at least one electrical terminal contactable
with one or more terminals of the light source and a manually operated
electrical current make or break device electrically connecting
or disconnecting one of the terminals of the battery with a terminal
of the light source or light source support.
This subclass is indented under subclass 205. Subject matter wherein the cylinder has two ends and the
electrical light source or the support therefor is located at one
end of the cylinder and the switch is located at the other end of the
cylinder.
This subclass is indented under subclass 157. Subject matter comprising an attachment to the self-energized
lamp to hold an extra electrical filament type (lamp bulb) light
source, which attachment is supported on or within an electrical
self-energized lamp or on a subcombination thereof.
(1)
Note. The spare electrical bulb may be supported on the end
cap of the flashlight, on the spring, between an end cap and the
battery or batteries, which forms part of the electrical circuit
between the battery or batteries and the lamp bulb, on the reflector
of a flashlight or on any member forming part of the flashlight.
This subclass is indented under subclass 157. Subject matter wherein the subcombinations or elements of
self-energized lamps include parts and arrangements of parts necessary
to form a complete electric flashlight but not in themselves forming
a complete flashlight and adjuncts to complete electric flashlights
which permit a flashlight to function as a light source in a manner
different from the normal use of a flashlight itself.
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Subject matter wherein there are two or more spatially separate
light sources and wherein at least two of the sources are comprised
of light emitting means other than means which converts energy associated
with an electric current into visible radiant energy and means to
modify the light therefrom.
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Subject matter wherein there are two or more spatially separate
light sources, at least two of which include an electrode containing carbon
which is consumed during the operation of the device and means to
modify the light therefrom.
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Subject matter comprising combinations of two or more selectively
energizeable filament type light sources in a common envelope and
a modifier.
This subclass is indented under subclass 211. Subject matter provided with means to actuate the various
filaments, either singularly or simultaneously.
This subclass is indented under subclass 211. Subject matter wherein means are provided for permitting
the modifier and light source to be moved relative to each other
to vary the distribution of light.
This subclass is indented under subclass 211. Subject matter provided with means to absorb, or randomly
scatter some or all of the light from at least one of the filaments.
(1)
Note. Subject matter of this subclass type includes, for
example, translucent screens.
This subclass is indented under subclass 211. Devices wherein the light modifier has a complex modifying
surface comprised of a plurality of angularly related planes or
plurality of surfaces of revolution.
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Subject matter comprising a source of light which, as recited
in the claims, is virtually a curved line.
(1)
Note. Included in the subject matter of this subclass is,
for example, a light source comprised of a continuous fluorescent
surface of revolution generated about a nonlinear axis since the
rays of light emitted by such a light source, if extended inwardly,
all meet on the nonlinear axis which thus constitutes the virtual
curved line light source of this subclass type.
(2)
Note. The light source of this subclass type are either recited
as being curvilinear or as in combination with means whose recited
structure and function necessarily recognize the curvilinearity of
the light source. Thus, a filament type light source is not necessarily
classifiable here even though the filament may be disclosed as being
curved.
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Subject matter comprising (a) a light source (see Glossary, "Light
Source") which is virtually a straight line, at least in
part, or having a dimension substantially greater in one direction
than any in a plane transverse to said direction, and a light modifier
(see Glossary, "Light Modifier") structurally
related to the light source so as to modify light therefrom, or (b)
a support for such a light source with or without a light modifier.
(1)
Note. Light sources of the type provided for in this subclass
and the subclasses indented hereunder are usually recited as "tubular," "elongated," "linear," "cylindrical," and "extended." In
all other cases, the elongated nature of the light source must be
implied by the claims themselves or necessarily imputed from the
claimed disclosure in order to render the claimed combination structurally complete
and operative for the functions referred to in the claim. For example, "means
to support a pair of fluorescent lamps" is sufficient basis
for placement in this subclass or the subclasses indented hereunder
even though fluorescent lamps are often elongated since the word "fluorescent" itself
does not imply length. On the other hand, "means to support
a pair of lamps parallel to each other" is sufficient basis
for placement in this subclass or the subclasses indented hereunder
since the word "parallel" implies that the lamps
have length.
This subclass is indented under subclass 217.01. Subject matter including means to alter the distribution
or composition of light emitted from the illuminating means by reflecting,
refracting, or partially or completely absorbing the light.
Optical: Systems and Elements,
subclasses 601 through 614for a glare or unwanted light reduction, in general; and
subclasses 885-892 for an absorption filter, in general.
This subclass is indented under subclass 217.02. Subject matter wherein the modifier includes at least two
spaced adjacent modifying means, each having at least two plane
or curved surfaces of the type generated by a straight or curved
line (the "generatrix"); the means being so arranged
relative to each other and to the light source that (a) no two of
the surfaces are generated by an extension of the same generatrix,
(b) one of the surfaces of one means faces one of the surfaces of
the adjacent means, (c) one of the surfaces of each means is exposed
to light from the light source, and (d) light from the source is
able to pass both surfaces of each means and at least one of the
surfaces in a direction parallel or tangent to its generatrix.
(1)
Note. A "grid" for purposes of classification
in this subclass consists of at least two intersecting pairs of
louvers.
(2)
Note. The two spaced adjacent means of this subclass may be
part of the same element, as for example, a spiral louver.
This subclass is indented under subclass 217.03. Subject matter wherein at least one of the surfaces exposed
to light from the light source is nonplanar.
This subclass is indented under subclass 217.02. Subject matter wherein a surface is included that redirects
incident light back into the medium from which it came.
This subclass is indented under subclass 217.05. Subject matter wherein the reflecting surface conforms at
least in part to a surface generated by the revolution of a parabola
about its axis.
This subclass is indented under subclass 217.02. Subject matter wherein the source of light is a solid or
liquid material which emits visible light when irradiated by invisible
radiation.
This subclass is indented under subclass 217.01. Subject matter comprising means to entirely enclose a light
source except for opening for the egress of light and for which
means no other light modifying means is recited.
This subclass is indented under subclass 217.1. Subject matter wherein the illumination device is supported
by skeletal-type beams forming an open frame or support.
This subclass is indented under subclass 217.1. Subject matter combined with or having means to attach the
housing to support structure.
(1)
Note. The reference structure may be an animate or inanimate
support. The "means to attach the support" of
this subclass includes handles, bails, clamps, hooks, hangers, straps,
magnets, and suction cups.
This subclass is indented under subclass 217.01. Subject matter comprising structural means to position,
by itself or in combination with some other disclosed means, a light source
or modifier with respect to some reference point or reference structure.
(1)
Note. The "reference structure" of this subclass
may be included in the "structural means" of this
subclass or it may not. The "reference structure" or "reference
point" need not be on an element recited in the claims
for structure of this subclass type to be classifiable in this subclass
or the subclasses hereunder.
This subclass is indented under subclass 217.14. Subject matter wherein the illumination device is supported
by skeletal-type beams forming an open frame or support.
This subclass is indented under subclass 217.14. Subject matter combined with or having means to attach the
support to a reference structure.
(1)
Note. The reference structure may be an animate or inanimate
support. The "means to attach the support" of
this subclass includes handles, bails, clamps, hooks, hangers, straps,
magnets, and suction cups.
This subclass is indented under subclass 217.01. Subject matter having means to remove heat generated by
the light from some part of the claimed combination.
This subclass is indented under subclass 217.01. Subject matter having means to structurally interconnect
two or more elongated source light units or supports such that the
long dimension of the respective light sources extend along the
same line.
This subclass is indented under subclass 217.01. Subject matter having at least one supporting means for
an elongated light source which supporting means is so structurally related
to some other part of the claimed combination as to permit the support
to be moved from one position to another relative to the other part
of the combination.
(1)
Note. Included in the subject matter of this subclass are
light source supports comprising two or more spatially separated
means for supporting the same light source, one of which is movable relative
to the other to accommodate light sources of different lengths.
This subclass is indented under subclass 217.01. Subject matter having means structurally relating (as by
housing or supporting) a circuit element other than the light source
or its terminal connectors to the light source, its support or the
light modifier.
(1)
Note. The circuit elements of this subclass type do not include
mere electrical connection means such as wiring, terminals, or connectors.
Switches, however, are included.
This subclass is indented under subclass 221. Subject matter in which the claimed combination includes
an element made in whole or in part of a light pervious material.
(1)
Note. The element may be a light modifier or, for example,
a part of the light housing.
This subclass is indented under subclass 217.01. Subject matter in which the claimed combination includes
an element made in whole or in part of a light pervious material.
(1)
Note. The element may be a light modifier or, for example,
a part of the light housing.
This subclass is indented under subclass 217.01. Subject matter having two or more elongated light sources
or supports for two or more elongated light sources.
This subclass is indented under subclass 227. Subject matter wherein at least one of the light sources
consists of a light emitting heated or ionized solid or gas of one
type and at least one other light source consists of a light emitting heated
or ionized solid or gas of another type.
(1)
Note. Examples of types of diverse light generators provided
for in this subclass and the subclasses indented hereunder include
any two of the following: electrically (resistively) heated carbon
filament, electrically (resistively) heated tungsten filament, electrically
ionized neon, hot gaseous products of combustion (flame), partially
ionized (irradiated) phosphor coating (fluorescent tube).
This subclass is indented under subclass 228. Subject matter wherein at least one light source is the
flame of a burning gas and at least one other is an electrical generator
of visible radiation.
This subclass is indented under subclass 227. Subject matter wherein at least one of the light sources
emits light of specified wavelength or spectral distribution or
wherein at least one modifier affects light of at least one wavelength
differently from light of at least one other wavelength.
This subclass is indented under subclass 230. Subject matter having at least one source of light emitting
light having a spectral distribution different from the light emitted
by at least one other source, or having at least two modifiers,
each of which affects light of one selected wavelength differently
from light of another wavelength, the selected wavelengths of the two
modifiers being different.
This subclass is indented under subclass 227. Subject matter wherein means are provided for moving, or
adjusting the position of a source relative to its modifier.
This subclass is indented under subclass 227. Subject matter wherein means are provided which permit at
least one of the light sources or its modifier to be moved by or
under the control of a human operator situated beyond reach of the
light source or modifier.
This subclass is indented under subclass 227. Subject matter in combination with features other than light
modifying elements, light support structure, or electrical connection
means, and not provided for in preceding subclasses.
Special Receptacle or Package,
subclasses 216+ for the combination of a lamp assemblage, or package
or a lamp with disparate means. Note, "assemblage" and "package"
concepts are stated in Class 206.
This subclass is indented under subclass 227. Subject matter including means to alter the distribution
or composition of incident light from at least one light source,
by changing its direction or by the absorption of some or all of
its energy.
This subclass is indented under subclass 235. Subject matter wherein each of at least two light sources
is associated with a modifier which does not receive light directly
from the other source or sources.
This subclass is indented under subclass 236. Subject matter wherein the light modifiers in the light
units are substantially duplicates or mirror images of one another.
This subclass is indented under subclass 237. Subject matter including means to spatially locate plural
units with respect to each other or with respect to a common support.
(1)
Note. The positioning means frequently includes a conduit
for the electrical supply.
This subclass is indented under subclass 238. Subject matter wherein the positioning means also constitutes
or provides means enabling the plural units to be adjusted relative
to each other.
This subclass is indented under subclass 237. Subject matter including means to enclose two or more light
units.
(1)
Note. A housing provides a window for the ingress and egress
of light, which may have a transparent or translucent cover, and
often has ventilation openings, but otherwise totally encloses the light
units.
This subclass is indented under subclass 237. Subject matter wherein the modifiers each have a surface
which redirects the light back into the medium from which it came.
This subclass is indented under subclass 236. Subject matter wherein a modifier associated with a light
source is of a different type than the modifier associated with
another light source.
(1)
Note. Examples of different types of light modifiers are
light reflectors, light concentrating refractors, light diffusing refractors,
light filters, and light blocking shields.
This subclass is indented under subclass 242. Subject matter wherein one of the light modifiers has a
surface which redirects the light back into the medium from which
it came.
This subclass is indented under subclass 236. Subject matter wherein a modifier includes means having
a pair of surfaces which causes light passing through to bend, and
thus emerge from the means at an angle different from which it entered.
This subclass is indented under subclass 244. Subject matter including means which redirects light back
into the medium from which it came in addition to a refraction type
modifier.
(1)
Note. The reflector may be part of the same light unit having
a refractor, or may be part of a distinct light unit.
This subclass is indented under subclass 236. Subject matter wherein a modifier includes means to redirect
light back into the medium from which it came.
This subclass is indented under subclass 227. Subject matter including means to spatially position a light
source relative to some reference point or structure including another
light source.
This subclass is indented under subclass 249.01. Subject matter comprising a two-electrode semiconductor
device emitting incoherent optical radiation when biased by a voltage in
a forward direction.
Active Solid-State Devices (e.g., Transistors,
Solid-State Diodes),
subclass 98 for an incoherent light-emitter structure with
a reflector, opaque mask, or optical element.
This subclass is indented under subclass 249.02. Subject matter wherein the support includes means to vary
the position of at least one of the light sources relative to the
reference point or structure.
This subclass is indented under subclass 249.01. Subject matter wherein the support includes means to permit
variation of the position of at least one of the light sources relative to
the reference point or structure.
This subclass is indented under subclass 249.07. Subject matter wherein the adjustable light support has
structure to permit at least two diverse motions, such as rotation
about two or more spatially separate axes, rotation about an axis
and linear displacement, or linear displacement in two or more directions.
This subclass is indented under subclass 249.07. Subject matter including means for attaching an adjustable
support with respect to a reference structure.
This subclass is indented under subclass 249.16. Subject matter comprising a light source with a plurality
of elongated, shaped elements having a central ornament.
Card, Picture, or Sign Exhibiting, appropriate subclasses for movable display exhibitors
or those with the illusion of motion, and with illuminating means.
Stock Material or Miscellaneous Articles,
subclass 3 for a religious artifact, in general (e.g., cruciform);
and subclass 11 for a ball, bell, or star-shaped special occasion
ornament, in general.
This subclass is indented under subclass 249.16. Subject matter comprising an ornamental structure of transparent
or translucent material formed as an artificial perennial woody
plant, flower, or other similar artistic object.
Stock Material or Miscellaneous Articles,
subclasses 18 through 20for a three-dimensional imitation tree and subclasses
24-27 for an imitation flower or flower petal.
This subclass is indented under subclass 249.18. Subject matter wherein the ornamental structure is an artificial
perennial plant adapted for use as a Christmas tree.
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Subject matter comprising combinations not elsewhere provided
for of basic subject matter of the class, including subcombinations thereof,
with additional means whose proximate function in the combination
does not contribute to the efficacy (i.e., intended proximate function)
of the class type subject matter.
(1)
Note. This subclass constitutes the residual locus for the
combination of illuminating means with the object being illuminated.
For example, the combinations of a light source and a modifier bearing
locomotive identification numbers are classified here since, even though
the modifier is class type subject matter, the function of the indicia
is, primarily, to express information about the locomotive and only
secondarily to modify the light from the source by altering its
distribution. Mere combinations, however, of light sources and
colored lenses, for example, to be used as signaling means are not
classified here since such combinations only constitute basic subject
matter of the class. Also, combinations of illuminating means and
signalling means which conveys information about the illuminating means
are not classified here since the proximate function for the signaling means
(i.e., to convey information) contributes to the efficacy of the
illuminating means.
Card, Picture, or Sign Exhibiting,
subclasses 204+ for illuminated license plates, various subclasses under
427+ and 446+ for illuminated display devices,
subclass 540 for illuminated dummies, subclasses 541+ for
illuminated signs, particularly subclass 556 for vehicle light,
and subclass 557 for streetlights with signs.
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Subject matter having at least two light supports which
are movable with respect to an energy source or one light bulb with
plural energy source contacts which is movable with respect to an
energy source.
(1)
Note. The light support or light bulb is moved because one
or the other has failed.
Electric Lamp and Discharge Devices,
subclass 236 for electric lamps, per se, which are provided with
a spare electrode to replace a defective electrode; subclass 237
for electric lamps, per se, which are provided with means to replace
a defective electrode or which are readily demountable so as to
be easily repaired; and subclasses 272 and 316 for plural filament
incandescent lamps.
Electric Lamp and Discharge Devices: Systems,
subclasses 87 and 88 and indented subclasses for electric lamp
and electric space discharge device systems provided with means to
substitute another lamp or electric space discharge device for the
operating lamp or discharge device if the operating lamp or discharge
device fails to operate properly. Class 362 provides for such subject
matter when the protector, support, or light distributor is claimed.
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Subject matter consisting of a light modifier having or
combined with means cooperable with a light source envelope base
(see Glossary, "Light Source") to fixedly position the modifier
relative thereto.
(1)
Note. The cooperable means may, for example, grip or press
against the envelope or press the modifier against the envelope
with sufficient force that the friction between the contacting surfaces prevent
one surface from moving relative to the other under normal operating conditions.
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Subject matter comprised of a light source (see Glossary,
"Light Source") or support therefor and a modifier (see Glossary, "Light
Modifier") structurally related to the light source so as to modify
light therefrom.
(1)
Note. Nominal recitations of a light unit (e.g., "light unit,"
"headlight," "lamp") generally imply only a source of light and
are insufficient basis for placement in this subclass and the subclasses indented
hereunder unless a light source and a light modifier must be imputed from
the claimed disclosure to render the claimed combination structurally
complete and operative for the functions referred to in the claim.
(2)
Note. Light sources having light modifying envelopes are
not classifiable, per se, in this class (362). (For the loci of such
subject matter, see the search class notes below). However, combinations of
such light sources with additional modifying means are classifiable
in this subclass and the subclasses indented hereunder.
This subclass is indented under subclass 257. Subject matter which includes an electric light source lamp
or support therefor; a flexible extensible electric cord connected
to the light source or light source support to deliver electric
energy to the lamp and a cord storage device to hold the cord when
not in use or to retain the excess portion of cord that is not needed
at the moment; the cord being of such length as to permit the light
source to be used as a portable light at varying distances from
an electrical power source up to the limit of the length of the
cord.
(1)
Note. The line between Class 191, Electricity: Transmission
to Vehicles, Class 362, Illumination, and Class 242, Winding, Tensioning,
or Guiding is as follows: A claim including an in name only lamp
combined with a flexible extension cord to deliver electrical energy
to the lamp and a cord storage device to store the cord is in Class
191, subclasses 12+. Class 362 will take a claim to illumination
structure beyond a nominal recitation of a lamp, or light unit.
Class 242 which is generic to winding and reeling of indefinite
length material will not take a claim restricted to use with electrical conductors,
which transmit electrical energy.
This subclass is indented under subclass 257. Subject matter wherein the light source is a molecular or
atomic oscillator having an optical resonator which produces a narrow,
intense beam of coherent, visible light.
This subclass is indented under subclass 257. Subject matter wherein the source of light is a solid or
liquid material which emits visible light when irradiated by invisible
radiation.
This subclass is indented under subclass 257. Subject matter wherein the light source has an electrode
containing carbon which is consumed during the operation of the
device.
Electric Lamp and Discharge Devices: Consumable
Electrodes, appropriate subclasses for consumable electrode
and the electric systems therefor. Also, see notes to other classes
that utilize consumable electrodes.
This subclass is indented under subclass 257. Subject matter wherein the light source consists of a gas
or vapor containing ionized or partially ionized molecules or atoms
which, in changing their ionization states from nonionized to ionized
or vice versa or from one ionization level to another, emit visible
radiant energy.
(1)
Note. The subject matter of this subclass and the subclasses
indented hereunder includes, for example, gas or vapor discharge-type
light sources and "glow" tubes which are virtually point sources of
light.
This subclass is indented under subclass 263. Subject matter having means for raising or lowering the
temperature of the light source, light source support or light modifier.
This subclass is indented under subclass 263. Subject matter having operatively associated therewith an
inductive, capacitive or resistive circuit element.
This subclass is indented under subclass 257. Subject matter wherein the light is generated by means other
than means which converts energy associated with an electric current
into visible radiant energy.
for supports for or with nonelectric light sources,
particularly subclass 409 for ceiling-suspended supports and subclass
415 for standard-type supports.
This subclass is indented under subclass 257. Subject matter having a means (e.g., gasket) filling the
space between two adjacent elements to prevent matter on one side
of the elements from passing between them to the other side or having
a gas other than air in contact, at least in part, with the source,
support therefor, or modifier.
(1)
Note. Mere recitation of a "sealed" light source (or support
therefor) and modifier (e.g., "sealed-beam head lamp") is insufficient
basis for classification in this subclass if the sealing means itself
is not recited.
for resilient means to force a source or modifier
element into engagement with another adjacent element without a
sealing means between the two elements.
This subclass is indented under subclass 257. Subject matter including a plurality of lens elements or
lens components for concentrating or spreading a light beam.
(1)
Note. The term "component" as applied to a lens designates
either a single transparent mass of refractive material having two
opposed refracting surfaces or a grouped plurality of such masses arranged
in series along the optical axis of the lens with their adjacent
refracting surfaces either in full over all contact or in spaced
parallel relation with the spacing being of such small magnitude
that it does not enter into the lens computations; the two refracting
surfaces of the single mass and the two axially extreme refracting
surfaces of the plurality of masses having at least a portion thereof axially
air spaced from all other adjacent refracting surfaces that may
be present in the lens. The axial dimension of the air spacing
between either the opposed surfaces of the single mass or the axially extreme
surfaces of the grouped plurality of masses and the other adjacent
refracting surfaces that may be present in the lens must be of sufficient
magnitude to enter into the lens computations in order to limit
the axial extent of the lens component.
(2)
Note. The term "element" as applied to a lens designates
any single transparent mass of refractive material having two opposed
refracting surfaces, which surfaces are disposed transversely of
the optical axis of the lens and spaced there along; i.e., any one
of the masses in the above component definition regardless of its
spacing from adjacent refracting surfaces that may be present in
the lens.
This subclass is indented under subclass 257. Subject matter wherein the light source (or support therefor)
and modifier are structurally related by a common support having
means to permit the light source (or support therefor) and modifier
to assume two different positions about an axis without moving with
respect to each other.
(1)
Note. The recitation of a "sealed-beam headlight" is considered
a nominal recitation of a light source and the combination of a
"sealed beam headlight" and a tiltable or rotatable supporting
means is therefore not classified in this subclass or the subclasses
indented hereunder if no light modifier is recited in the combination.
Such combinations are classified elsewhere and cross-referenced
to this subclass or the subclasses indented hereunder.
(2)
Note. Light units which are held in one position by resilient
means are not classifiable in this subclass or the subclasses indented
hereunder merely because an outside force acting against the resilient means
can rotate or tilt the unit temporarily to a second position. The
second position is not considered "assumed" since it lasts only
as long as the outside force is applied.
This subclass is indented under subclass 269. Subject matter wherein means are provided to permit and
guide movement of the light source (or support therefor) and modifier
in a straight line with respect to the common support without moving
relative to each other.
This subclass is indented under subclass 271. Subject matter wherein the actuator converts the potential
energy of a voltage or pressure differential into a force which
moves the unit.
This subclass is indented under subclass 271. Subject matter wherein the light unit is structurally related
to its support by a relatively rotatable helix-shaped member such
that rotation of the member about the axis of the helix produces
movement of the unit in the direction of the axis of the helix.
This subclass is indented under subclass 271. Subject matter wherein the unit is structurally related
to its support by a yieldable means in such a way that relative
movement between the unit and its support results in deformation
of the yieldable means.
This subclass is indented under subclass 269. Subject matter wherein the unit is rotatable with respect
to its support about two or more axes.
(1)
Note. Light units mounted for universal movement are classifiable
here; such means may include resilient positioning means urging
the unit in one direction against a stop which prohibits movement in
that direction but still allows tilting or rotating of the unit
caused by, for example, a movement acting on the unit.
This subclass is indented under subclass 257. Subject matter with or including means which continuously
senses a variable incident force or energy field and which varies
or maintains the distribution, composition or intensity of light from
the source or modifier in response to changes in the sensed force
or energy.
(1)
Note. The sensing means of this subclass may respond, for
example, to relative changes in direction of the force or gravity,
changes in gas pressure, changes in incident radiant energy or changes
in thermal energy.
(2)
Note. The condition responsive means of this subclass type
may vary the distribution composition or intensity of light continuously
with changes in the sensed force or energy or abruptly at some level of
sensed force or energy.
Radiant Energy,
subclasses 200+ for photocell electric circuits and photocell apparatus.
Indented subclass 205 includes those photocells which control a
shutter in the light path between light source and photocell; and
subclasses 552+ include a photocell means which detects
a light emitting source wherein the source is solid state.
Electric Lamp and Discharge Devices: Systems,
subclasses 82+ and 149+ for photoelectrically controlled electric
lamp circuits (e.g., shifting from "bright" to "dim" filament).
This subclass is indented under subclass 257. Subject matter wherein means is provided for structurally
relating the modifier to the light source, light source support
or some other part of the claimed combination in two or more positions
of the illuminated surface of the modifier or from an illuminated
position to an unilluminated position.
This subclass is indented under subclass 277. Subject matter wherein the modifier is made of a deformable
material and is adjusted or repositioned by deformation.
This subclass is indented under subclass 277. Subject matter wherein the modifier includes at least two
spaced adjacent modifying means, each having at least two plane
or curved surfaces of the type generated by a straight or curved
line (the "generatrix"); the means being so arranged relative to
each other and to the light source that (a) no two of the surfaces
are generated by an extension of the same generatrix, (b) one of
the surfaces of one means faces one of the surfaces of the adjacent
means, (c) one of the surfaces of each means is exposed to light
from the light source, and (d) light from the source is able to
pass both surfaces of each means and at least one of the surfaces
in a direction parallel or tangent to its generatrix, the means
movable relative to the light source but fixed relative to each
other.
(1)
Note. A "grid" for purposes of classification in this subclass
consists of at least two intersecting pairs of louvers.
(2)
Note. The two spaced adjacent means of this subclass may
be part of the same element, as for example, a spiral louver.
This subclass is indented under subclass 277. Subject matter wherein the illuminated surface of the modifier
is planar or a surface of revolution generated by the rotation of
a straight or curved line generatrix about an axis and (a) if planar,
the modifier is movable such that the illuminated surface moves
only in its own plane, or (b) if curved, the modifier is movable such
that the illuminated surface is rotated about the axis of its generatrix.
This subclass is indented under subclass 280. Subject matter having two or more adjustable or repositionable
modifiers, each with a modifying surface movable in its own plane
or extension, the modifiers being movable relative to each other.
(1)
Note. Classifiable in this subclass is, for example, the
combination of a light source and an iris type shutter.
This subclass is indented under subclass 277. Subject matter wherein the modifier is movable between two
or more positions by rotation about at least one axis.
(1)
Note. If claimed combinations classifiable here includes
modifiers which are disclosed as being adjustable or repositionable
in the plane or extension of the modifying surface, such combinations are
placed as originals in subclasses 280 or 281, contrary to normal
classification procedure, in order to avoid proliferation of cross-reference
copies.
This subclass is indented under subclass 282. Subject matter having two or more adjustable or repositionable
modifiers, at least one of which is angularly adjustable or repositionable, the
modifiers being movable relative to each other.
This subclass is indented under subclass 282. Subject matter having means movable with respect to the
modifier and so structurally related thereto that movement of the
means relative to the modifier moves the modifier relative to the
light source or light source support.
This subclass is indented under subclass 257. Subject matter wherein the light source or light source
support is movable between at least two positions relative to some
other part of the claimed combination.
This subclass is indented under subclass 285. Subject matter having means to establish an electromagnetic
force which acts directly or through a mechanical motion transmission means
on the light source or light source support to move the light source
or light source support from one position to another.
This subclass is indented under subclass 285. Subject matter wherein the light source is urged in at least
one direction by an elastically deformable means (e.g., spring).
This subclass is indented under subclass 285. Subject matter wherein the light source is supported by
means engaging a helix bearing member in such a way that when the
helix bearing member is rotated about the axis of the helix, the
light source is moved by the helix in the axial direction.
This subclass is indented under subclass 257. Subject matter wherein the modifier includes at least two
spaced adjacent modifying means, each having at least two plane
or curved surfaces of the type generated by a straight or curved
line (the "generatrix"); the means being so arranged relative to
each other and to the light source that (a) no two of the surfaces
are generated by an extension of the same generatrix, (b) one of
the surfaces of one means faces one of the surfaces of the adjacent
means, (c) one of the surfaces of each means is exposed to light
from the light source, and (d) light from the source is able to
pass both surfaces of each means and at least one of the surfaces
in a direction parallel or tangent to its generatrix.
(1)
Note. A "grid" for purposes of classification in this subclass
consists of at least two intersecting pairs of louvers.
(2)
Note. The two spaced adjacent means of this subclass may
be part of the same element, as for example, a spiral louver.
This subclass is indented under subclass 290. Subject matter wherein at least two of the surfaces exposed
to light from the light source converge towards each other.
This subclass is indented under subclass 257. Subject matter wherein the modifier has different effects
on radiation of different wavelengths, as for example, absorbing
some and transmitting others or transmitting some and reflecting
others.
This subclass is indented under subclass 257. Subject matter combined with means to conduct heat away
from part of the combination or to prevent heat from being conducted
to a part of the combination.
This subclass is indented under subclass 257. Devices provided with means to activate the light unit or
with means to regulate the strength of an electric current supplied
to the light unit by varying the resistance of the circuit.
This subclass is indented under subclass 257. Subject matter wherein a surface is included that redirects
incident light back into the medium from which the light came.
This subclass is indented under subclass 296.03. Subject matter wherein the material is a transparent or
translucent material consisting of a mixture of silicates.
This subclass is indented under subclass 296.03. Subject matter wherein the material is a good conductor
of electricity and heat and is a chemical element.
This subclass is indented under subclass 296.05. Subject matter wherein the reflective surface conforms at
least in part to a surface generated by the revolution of an ellipse
about its major or minor axis.
This subclass is indented under subclass 296.05. Subject matter wherein the shape that is specified is a
surface that is curving in or hollowed inward.
This subclass is indented under subclass 296.05. Subject matter wherein the reflecting surface conforms at
least in part to a surface generated by the revolution of a parabola
about its axis.
This subclass is indented under subclass 296.01. Subject matter having either one modifier with two reflecting
surfaces or two modifiers, each with one reflecting surface; the surfaces
being distinguished either by being separated by nonreflecting areas
or spaces or by being generated by noncolinear straight lines; a
curve and a straight line or by two different curves.
(1)
Note. One of the surfaces may be integral with, or be a reflecting
coating on, the light source envelope, but for a light source with
a reflecting coating on its envelope, per se, see the search notes below.
This subclass is indented under subclass 297. Subject matter wherein the two reflecting surfaces are so
arranged relative to each other and to the light source that light
from the source is reflected by one surface onto the other.
This subclass is indented under subclass 298. Subject matter wherein at least one reflecting modifier
consists of or is combined with a transparent material having surfaces
so arranged relative to at least some of the incident light from
the source that the angle of entry of the light with respect to
the illuminated surfaces is different from the angle of the emergent
light with respect to the surface from which it emerges.
This subclass is indented under subclass 298. Subject matter wherein at least one modifier consists of
or is combined with a modifier made of material pervious to light.
This subclass is indented under subclass 298. Subject matter wherein at least two opposed reflecting surfaces
are generated by the revolution of different curved or straight
lines (generatrices) revolved about the same axis.
This subclass is indented under subclass 302. Subject matter wherein light in both directions along the
axis of the coaxial surfaces is blocked either by the light source
support or a reflecting surface or some other opaque modifier.
This subclass is indented under subclass 297. Subject matter wherein two of the reflecting surfaces are
generated by the revolution of different curved or straight lines
about the same axis.
(1)
Note. One of the surfaces may be integral with, or be a coating
on, the light source envelope.
This subclass is indented under subclass 304. Subject matter wherein light in both directions along the
axis of the coaxial surfaces is intercepted by either the light
source support or an opaque, translucent or transparent modifier.
This subclass is indented under subclass 296.01. Subject matter wherein movement of the light source, the
modifier or both with respect to some other part of the recited
combination is prevented in at least one direction by the force
exerted by an elastic means under stress.
(1)
Note. The elastic means may act directly on the element being
held by it or indirectly as through a latch.
(2)
Note. The elastic means may also have another function as,
for example, carrying current to the light source. Bayonet-type
sockets are often of this type.
for a light source or modifier resiliently biased
against an element with a flexible means between the light source
or modifier and the element to hermetically seal the juncture.
for resiliently mounted light units with means to
rotate or tilt the light unit against the effect of the resilient means
from one position to another.
This subclass is indented under subclass 296.01. Subject matter wherein the reflecting surface is part of
or in combination with a modifier made of light pervious material.
This subclass is indented under subclass 307. Subject matter wherein the light pervious material is transparent
and has surfaces arranged relative to at least some of the incident
light from the source such that the angle of entry of the light
with respect to the light-facing surface is different from the angle
of the emergent light with respect to the surface from which it emerges.
This subclass is indented under subclass 308. Subject matter wherein one of the surfaces is generated
by two or more straight lines or curves moving either linearly or
angularly about one or more axes, such surfaces being generally
characterized as "faceted" or "corrugated".
This subclass is indented under subclass 296.01. Subject matter wherein means are provided to completely
encase the light source (and its envelope, if any) so that the atmosphere
inside the means is isolated from the atmosphere outside.
This subclass is indented under subclass 311.01. Subject matter comprising a two-electrode semiconductor
device emitting incoherent optical radiation when biased by a voltage in
a forward direction.
Active Solid-State Devices (e.g., Transistors,
Solid-State Diodes),
subclass 98 for an incoherent light-emitter structure with
a reflector, opaque mask, or optical element.
This subclass is indented under subclass 311.01. Subject matter wherein a characteristic of the substance
of the translucent or transparent modifier is specified.
This subclass is indented under subclass 311.03. Subject matter wherein the material is any of numerous organic
synthetic or processed materials that are mostly thermoplastic or
thermosetting polymers of high molecular weight that can be made
into objects, films, or filaments.
This subclass is indented under subclass 311.03. Subject matter wherein the material is a transparent or
translucent material consisting of a mixture of silicates.
This subclass is indented under subclass 311.06. Subject matter wherein the reflecting surface conforms at
least in part to a surface generated by the revolution of a parabola
about its axis.
This subclass is indented under subclass 311.06. Subject matter wherein the reflective surface conforms at
least in part to a surface generated by the revolution of an ellipse
about its major or minor axis.
This subclass is indented under subclass 311.06. Subject matter wherein the shape that is specified is a
surface that is curving in or hollowed inward.
This subclass is indented under subclass 311.06. Subject matter wherein the shape that is specified is a
surface that is curved or rounded outward like the exterior of a
sphere or circle.
This subclass is indented under subclass 311.01. Subject matter wherein the modifier includes a polished
or smooth surface that forms images by reflection.
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Subject matter comprising hollow, open-ended tube-like means
for surrounding a flame-type light source to protect the flame or
to protect the environment from the flame and to guide the flow
of ambient air to or from the flame to promote combustion or to
carry away combustion products while permitting the egress of light
from the flame, or means cooperable with such means to improve or
insure its proper functioning.
(1)
Note. The classification of claimed subject matter in this
subclass or the subclasses indented hereunder may necessarily be
based on disclosure of intended use.
This subclass is indented under subclass 312. Subject matter comprising means engaging and positioned
at least in part by the chimney and cooperable therewith to improve
or ensure the proper functioning of the chimney other than means
to support or hold the chimney in place.
This subclass is indented under subclass 312. Subject matter comprising means to secure the chimney relative
to the light source against dislocation by exterior forces (e.g.,
force of gravity, acceleration or deceleration of a vehicle).
This subclass is indented under subclass 312. Subject matter wherein the bottom part of the chimney has
a special form or shape to engage with a support element.
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Subject matter comprising means to alter the distribution
or composition of incident light by changing its direction or by
absorption of some or all of its energy.
(1)
Note. Some terms used to denote light modifying structure
may also be used to denote structure which does not modify incident
light. Placement of such structure in this subclass or the subclasses indented
hereunder will depend on the disclosed proximate function of the structure
in the claimed combination. For example, structure denoted as a "lens"
which is disclosed as focusing or otherwise redirecting light is
classifiable in this subclass or the subclasses indented hereunder,
but structure denoted as a "lens" which is disclosed as merely covering
or protecting a light source is not classifiable here. Other examples
of ambiguous terms include "shade," "globe," "bowl," "shield," and "screen."
This subclass is indented under subclass 317. Subject matter including means to allow at least a portion
of the modifier to shift from one position to another with respect
to a base or support structure.
This subclass is indented under subclass 319. Subject matter wherein the modifier is made of a deformable
material and is adjusted or repositioned by deformation.
This subclass is indented under subclass 322. Subject matter wherein the modifier has a surface of revolution
generated by the rotation of a straight curved line generatrix about
an axis and is movable such that the surface is rotated about the
axis of its generatrix.
This subclass is indented under subclass 322. Subject matter wherein the modifier includes at least two
spaced adjacent modifying means, each having at least two plane
or curved surfaces of the type generated by a straight or curved
line (the "generatrix"); the means so arranged relative to each
other that (a) no two of the surfaces are generated by an extension
of the same generatrix, (b) one of the surfaces of one means faces
one of the surfaces of the adjacent means, and (c) light is able
to pass both surfaces of each means and at least one of the surfaces
in a direction parallel or tangent to its generatrix, and wherein
the means are pivoted either individually or as a unit for angular adjustment
or repositioning relative to each other or to a common support.
(1)
Note. A "grid" for purposes of classification in this subclass
consists of at least two intersecting pairs of louvers.
(2)
Note. The two spaced adjacent means of this subclass may
be part of the same element as, for example, a U-shaped or spiral
louver.
This subclass is indented under subclass 317. Subject matter comprising a light pervious material having
a pair of opposed refracting surfaces, at least one of which is,
at least in part, so angularly related to the other surface that
the path of a light ray incident on one opposed surface of the material
and the path of the same ray after it emerges from the material through
the other opposed surface are not parallel.
(1)
Note. A refracting surface of this subclass type comprises
an interface between the material of the refractor and some other
material (usually air) in which the speed of light is different.
(2)
Note. A light pervious material having only parallel refracting
surfaces, such as window pane, or concentric refracting surfaces,
such as a nonfocusing or nondispersing headlight lenses, is not
considered a refractor of this subclass type. For the loci of such
devices, see the search notes below.
Communications: Radio Wave Antennas,
subclasses 753+ for antennas with a spaced or external radio wave
refractor; subclass 783 for waveguide-type antennas with an internal
wave refraction means; and subclasses 909+ for radio wave refracting
means, per se.
Optical: Systems and Elements, for optical elements of general use, see
subclasses 591+ for means for illuminating building’s
interior with outside light, and subclasses 642+ for lenses.
Stock Material or Miscellaneous Articles,
subclasses 156+ for a stock material product in the form of a single
or plural layer web or sheet including a component of varying thickness
and subclasses 426+ for a nonstructural composite web or
sheet embodying one or more layers of glass.
This subclass is indented under subclass 326. Subject matter including means for causing a light ray striking
a surface to return back into the medium from which it came.
(1)
Note. A prism which only reflects is placed in the coordinated
subclasses below. If the prism both reflects and refracts, it is
proper for this or the indented subclasses.
This subclass is indented under subclass 327. Subject matter wherein the reflector and refractor are spaced
from each other and are different elements.
(1)
Note. If the reflector and refractor are laminated together,
they are one element and placed in subclass 327.
This subclass is indented under subclass 326. Subject matter wherein the refractor has an overall rectangular
perimeter having length and width greatly exceeding its thickness.
(1)
Note. The panel may be comprised of louver-like elements
forming a lattice through which air may pass.
This subclass is indented under subclass 326. Subject matter wherein there is more than one refractor
and the refractors are so located with respect to each other that
light ray from a source passing through one refractor will also pass
through another refractor.
This subclass is indented under subclass 326. Subject matter wherein the intersections of each of the
opposed surfaces with a transverse plane includes a plurality of
convexities each of which constitute a refractor "element," the joined
bases of which constitute a "main surface."
(1)
Note. The opposed surfaces of the subject matter of this
subclass and the subclasses indented thereunder are, for example,
corrugated or faceted.
This subclass is indented under subclass 326. Subject matter wherein the intersection of one of the opposed
surfaces and a transverse plane is or includes a curved line refracting
element.
(1)
Note. For purposes of classification in this subclass and
the subclasses indented hereunder, a distinct convexity in or of the
intersection of the opposed surface with a transverse plane is referred
to as a "refracting element" of the intersection.
This subclass is indented under subclass 335. Subject matter wherein the intersection of one of the opposed
surfaces and a transverse plane includes a plurality of refractor
elements of different sizes or shapes.
This subclass is indented under subclass 336. Subject matter wherein at least one of the refracting elements
is comprised of at least two straight lines joined at an angle.
This subclass is indented under subclass 335. Subject matter wherein two or more curved line refractor
elements form convexities whose bases are joined to form a curved
or angled base line.
This subclass is indented under subclass 326. Subject matter wherein the intersection of one of the opposed
surfaces with a transverse plane includes a plurality of regularly
occurring and regularly shaped convexities, each comprised of at
least two straight lines joined at an angle.
for prismatic type refractors wherein the surface
opposed to the prismatic forms, in intersection with a transverse
plane, a plurality of curved convexities.
This subclass is indented under subclass 317. Subject matter having a surface which redirects incident
light back into the medium from which it came.
(1)
Note. The term "shade" may denote either structure which
reflects light from its surface and/or structure which absorbs
or scatters light internally. Thus, placement in this subclass or
the subclasses indented hereunder of structure denoted as a "shade"
must depend on its disclosed proximate function in the claimed combination.
For structure denoted as a "shade" which is not disclosed as reflecting
light from one of its surfaces, see the search notes below.
for opaque or translucent modifiers including modifiers
denoted as "shade," particularly subclasses 355+ for light
permeable modifiers which scatter light by random internal reflections.
Communications: Radio Wave Antennas,
subclasses 755 , 761, 775, 779, 781+, 815, 817, 818+,
and 834+ for antennas with a reflector; and subclasses
912+ for radio wave reflectors, per se.
Road Structure, Process, or Apparatus,
subclasses 6+ for reflection material in a traffic guide or barrier
and subclasses 9+ for reflective material in a traffic
director.
Stock Material or Miscellaneous Articles,
subclasses 426+ for a nonstructural composite product including
a layer of glass, and especially subclasses 433+ where
the glass is next to a free metal or an alloy, resulting in most
instances in a reflector or mirror surface.
This subclass is indented under subclass 341. Subject matter wherein the modifier includes at least two
spaced adjacent modifying means, each having at least two plane
or curved surfaces of the type generated by a straight or curved
line (the "generatrix"); at least one of the surfaces of each means
being reflective, the means being so arranged relative to each other that
(a) no two of the surfaces are generated by an extension of the
same generatrix, (b) one of the surfaces of one means faces one
of the surfaces of the adjacent means, and (c) light is able to
pass both surfaces of each means and at least one of the surfaces
in a direction parallel or tangent to its generatrix.
(1)
Note. A "grid," for purposes of classification in this subclass,
consists of at least two intersecting pairs of louvers.
(2)
Note. The two spaced adjacent means of this subclass may
be part of the same element as, for example, a U-shaped or spiral
louver.
This subclass is indented under subclass 341. Subject matter including means to protect at least part
of an illuminating device or to protect an object, e.g., person,
animal, etc., from an illuminating device.
This subclass is indented under subclass 341. Subject matter including means to lower the temperature
of or to move air to or from the reflector.
(1)
Note. The means to cool the reflector can be, for example,
holes for air circulation or means to circulate air or fluid over
the surface of a reflector.
This subclass is indented under subclass 341. Subject matter wherein there is one reflective surface spaced
from another reflective surface so a light ray can pass between
them or a reflective surface is joined to another reflective surface
to form a single reflector.
(1)
Note. Surfaces laminated together do not constitute a single
reflector of this subclass type.
This subclass is indented under subclass 341. Subject matter wherein the intersection of the reflective
surface and at least one transverse plane forms a curved line.
This subclass is indented under subclass 347. Subject matter having a repetitive arrangement of forms,
elements, designs or decorations on at least a portion of the surface.
This subclass is indented under subclass 347. Subject matter wherein the intersection of the reflective
surface and a transverse plane forms a line with curved and straight
segments.
This subclass is indented under subclass 347. Subject matter having a concave reflective surface generated
by a symmetrical curved line rotated 180 degrees about the axis
of symmetry.
for a modifier of this subclass type generated by
a segment of a circle (the generatrix) and which is repositionable
about the center of the generatrix.
This subclass is indented under subclass 317. Subject matter having a material which affects the distribution
of light either by preventing the light from passing therethrough
or by randomly scattering the light as it passes therethrough.
This subclass is indented under subclass 351. Subject matter wherein the modifier includes means to affect
a reduction in its size from an operative condition to an inoperative
condition.
This subclass is indented under subclass 351. Subject matter wherein the modifier has means to fasten
it to a shield or cover for a light source engaging light source
support.
This subclass is indented under subclass 351. Subject matter wherein the modifier includes at least two
spaced adjacent modifying means, each having at least two plane
or curved surfaces of the type generated by a straight or curved
line (the "generatrix"); the means so arranged relative to each
other that (a) no two of the surfaces are generated by an extension
of the same generatrix, (b) one of the surfaces of one means faces
one of the surfaces of the adjacent means, and (c) light is able
to pass both surfaces of each means and at least one of the surfaces
in a direction parallel or tangent to its generatrix.
(1)
Note. A "grid," for purposes of classification in this subclass,
consists of at least two intersecting pairs of louvers.
(2)
Note. The two spaced adjacent means of this subclass may
be part of the same element as, for example, a U-shaped or spiral
louver.
This subclass is indented under subclass 351. Subject matter wherein the light is randomly scattered as
it passes through the modifier.
(1)
Note. The light may be scattered by, for example, random
internal reflections within the modifier from a plurality of points
rather than from a surface.
This subclass is indented under subclass 356. Subject matter wherein the diffusing means is a woven or
knitted fabric and is supported by an annular frame.
This subclass is indented under subclass 351. Subject matter wherein the modifier is to be attached to
the outer surface of a housing or light modifier so as to block
light rays in at least one direction coming from a light unit.
This subclass is indented under subclass 351. Subject matter wherein at least part of a surface of the
modifier that is exposed to light rays is nonlinear with respect
to a flat plane.
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Subject matter comprising means to entirely enclose a light
source except for openings for the egress of light and for which
means no other light modifying function is recited.
(1)
Note. Subject matter of this subclass type may only partially
enclose a light source if it cooperates with some other means (e.g.,
"lens," "cover") to completely enclose the source except from openings
for the egress of light.
This subclass is indented under subclass 362. Subject matter having means for surrounding a light source
wherein said means is made of light pervious material.
(1)
Note. The globe itself may assume various shapes such as
spherical, semispherical, cylindrical, etc.
(2)
Note. Generally, the patents in this subclass claim globe
structure which contributes to the entire enclosure of a light source.
This subclass is indented under subclass 362. Subject matter which is mountable fully or partially in
a hollow place, as in the space behind a panel, ceiling, wall, etc.,
the panel, etc., having an opening therein for receiving the housing.
(1)
Note. A housing of this subclass type usually includes a
supporting flange, mounted peripherally at or near the housing portion
which engages the panel, etc., for positioning the housing in the
hollow place.
This subclass is indented under subclass 364. Subject matter comprising means for supporting the recessed
housing in place, such as by attachment to the panel or some other
structure behind the panel.
This subclass is indented under subclass 365. Subject matter having adjustment means to allow for variations
in panel thickness or panel angle so that the housing may be easily
and properly mounted.
This subclass is indented under subclass 362. Subject matter comprising a framework which includes sides
(usually nonparallel) transparent to light, e.g., clear or partially
clear glass panes.
This subclass is indented under subclass 362. Subject matter comprising means for mounting the housing
onto some surface or object.
(1)
Note. This subclass and subclasses indented hereunder differ
from subclass 365 by being mounted "on" something rather than being
mounted "in" something.
This subclass is indented under subclass 368. Subject matter having resilient mounting means, such as
a rubber washer, for inhibiting or preventing the transmission of
abrupt movement, to protect the housing and the light source contained
therein.
This subclass is indented under subclass 362. Subject matter having means to eliminate heat build up,
such as by air ventilating holes or cooling fins.
This subclass is indented under subclass 362. Subject matter comprising housings combined with means to
hold a closure in position relative to the housing.
(1)
Note. Closures provided for in this subclass are of the type
defined in subclass 375.
This subclass is indented under subclass 362. Subject matter comprising a housing combined with transparent
means to cover at least in part the opening for the egress of light.
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Subject matter having means to protect a part of an illuminating
device from damage or tampering or to protect an object, e.g., person, animal,
etc., from an illuminating device.
(1)
Note. Included in this subclass are guards in the form of
a cage or screen.
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Subject matter comprising means placed over flame-type light
sources to prevent the heat or smoke therefrom from blackening or otherwise
injuring superimposed structures (e.g., ceilings).
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Subject matter comprising means (e.g., screens) for preventing
the escape of sparks or solid burning bodies from or the access
of insects or dirt into flame type light sources.
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Subject matter comprising a device applied to a gas fixture
whereby means are provided for attaching a tube, generally a flexible one,
to the gas fixture or its support for supplying fuel to an auxiliary
gas-light fixture or burner without destroying the usefulness as illuminators
of any of the gas fixture"s burner tips.
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Subject matter comprising structural means to position,
by itself or in combination with some other disclosed means, a light source
or modifier with respect to some reference point or reference structure.
(1)
Note. The "reference structure" of this subclass may be included
in the "structural means" of this subclass or it may not. The "reference
structure" or "reference point" need not be on an element recited
in the claims for structure of this subclass type to be classifiable
in this subclass or the subclasses hereunder.
(2)
Note. The line between this class, subclasses 382+ and
Classes 248, Supports and 439, Electrical Connectors, is as follows:
Class 362, subclasses 382+ takes any combination of a
support with significant structure of a light source or a light
source support having structural features limited to use with the
light source. Class 248 takes supporting structure, per se. The
mere naming of a light source, as in the preamble of a claim or in
any other way which does not positively include it as an element
of the claim, will not operate to take the claim out of Class 248
unless the support itself is an essential part of the light source
or has no obvious utility as a support in some other art classes.
See Class 248 definitions, (2) Note, for lines between this class
(362) and Class 248. Class 439 takes an electrical connector, per
se. The mere recitation in a claim of a light source, which is
not claimed as being connected to or mounted in the electrical connector,
will generally not operate to take the claim out of Class 439. If
an electrical connector in name only is claimed with supporting
means which is not limited in use to a Class 362 light source, the
claim is classifiable in Class 439. A detailed electrical connector (e.g.,
a claimed contact) with or without a support therefor, claimed with
a light source in name only is classifiable in Class 439. If a
detailed electrical connector is combined with a support which has
structural features limiting the combination to use with a claimed
light source, even if claimed in name only, the claim is classifiable
in Class 362. See Class 439 definition, section III (1) and (2)
for lines between this class (362) and Class 439.
Electrical Connectors, appropriate subclasses for an electrical connector for
use with a light source, especially
subclasses 527+ for an electrical connector with supporting structure
therefor.
This subclass is indented under subclass 382. Subject matter wherein the structural means to position
a light source includes a pivoted support and (a) audible means
to detect sound emitted by an object and to transmit the sound to
the ears of a human operator or to a meter visually noted by a human
operator, or (b) visual sighting means under the control of a human
operator to locate an object and means under the control of the
operator responsive to the audible means or to the visual sighting means
connected to the pivoted support to pivot the light source support
in the direction of the sound of sighting object.
(1)
Note. The subject matter of this subclass type includes,
for example, aircraft detection search lights movable in two different
planes.
This subclass is indented under subclass 382. Subject matter wherein the structural means to position
a light source or modifier includes a pivoted lamp support, a freely
moving material mounted to move in response to a change of direction
or a change in velocity of the material and means connecting the
freely movable material to the pivoted headlight support.
(1)
Note. The material may be solid or fluent material which
forms the freely movable mass.
(2)
Note. Included are gyroscopes, pendulums and flywheels and
the lamp support may be vertically or horizontally movable.
This subclass is indented under subclass 382. Subject matter wherein the structural means to position
a light source or modifier includes a movable support for the light
source or modifier and a motor driven by a liquid or a gas under
pressure greater than or less than atmospheric pressure to move
the movable support.
This subclass is indented under subclass 382. Subject matter wherein the structural means to position
a light source or modifier is a movable support for the light source
or modifier and an electromagnetic operator connected to the support
to move the support when the electromagnetic operator is energized.
(1)
Note. The electromagnetic operator includes a solenoid or
electric motor and the electric circuit to energize the operator
may be included in the claim.
for plural light sources, particularly subclass
233 for remote adjustment or positioning means for plural light sources,
which may be electromagnetically operated.
Electricity: Motive Power Systems,
subclasses 119+ for reciprocating or oscillating motor energized
systems; subclass 139 for battery-fed motor systems; and subclasses
445+ for automatic and/or time delay circuits
to energize an electric motor, particularly subclasses 466+ for
movement, position or limit of travel control circuits for an electric
motor.
This subclass is indented under subclass 382. Subject matter which includes a flexible extensible electric
cord to deliver electrical energy to a light source from an appropriate
electrical source, and a cord storage member to hold the cord when
not in use or to hold the excess cord not needed when in use.
(1)
Note. Rotating reels, fixed reels and housings to store the
electric cord are included in this subclass.
(2)
Note. Class 248 can have reels for suspended supports even
though limited to use with electrical conductors. Also, an in name
only lamp or lamp unit combined with a storage device for the electrical
power cord delivering power to the lamp or lamp unit is in Class
191. Class 242 will not take reels restricted to use with electrical
conductors.
Winding, Tensioning, or Guiding,
subclasses 324+ for a reeling device of general use, particularly
subclasses 400+ for a reeling device combined with a nonreeling
carrier, e.g., a portable electric appliance; and subclasses 388+ for
a reeling device for multiple line segments, e.g., one fixed to
an electrical source and a second portion connected to a shiftable
electrical appliance.
This subclass is indented under subclass 382. Subject matter wherein the support has means enabling it
to cooperate with either a horizontal or a vertical surface to position
a light source or modifier with respect thereto.
This subclass is indented under subclass 382. Subject matter having means to increase the frictional resistance
to relative movement between the support and the reference structure without
increasing the force between the two.
(1)
Note. This device is generally a formation of spurs projecting
from the bottom of the support to prevent displacement when placed
on slippery surfaces.
This subclass is indented under subclass 382. Subject matter having resilient means for inhibiting or
preventing the transmission of abrupt motion between one part of
the support and another or the reference structure.
This subclass is indented under subclass 382. Subject matter wherein the support includes means to suspend
a light source or modifier from a suspended cable or line.
(1)
Note. The cable or line is suspended from two points, and
the support of this subclass type is attachable to the cable or line
between the two points.
This subclass is indented under subclass 382. Subject matter wherein the support is covered by or comprises
means which duplicates, in appearance, a candle.
This subclass is indented under subclass 392. Subject matter wherein part of the support is movable relative
to another part of the support to reposition the light source or
modifier.
This subclass is indented under subclass 382. Subject matter comprising means to open or close the circuit
energizing an electrical light source other than such means which
are merely nominally recited.
Electricity: Circuit Makers and Breakers,
subclass 2 for circuit make and break means which functions according
to the fully raised position of the light source or modifier and subclasses
329+ for switch actuators or operators.
This subclass is indented under subclass 394. Subject matter comprising a standard wherein a portion thereof
actuates a circuit breaker.
(1)
Note. Ordinary pull-chain and push-button type switch actuators
are not considered portions of standards of this subclass type even
though mounted thereon since such actuators do not contribute to
the supporting function of the standard.
This subclass is indented under subclass 382. Subject matter wherein the support includes either (a) at
least two members movable towards each other to grip the reference
structure between them, or (b) an effectively C-shaped
member which is loosely engageable over a reference structure, to
support a light source or light modifier against the force of gravity.
This subclass is indented under subclass 382. Subject matter wherein the support is attachable to the
reference structure by means which creates or maintains a vacuum
between the support and the reference structure, so that the force
of atmospheric pressure counteracts forces tending to move the support
and reference structure relative to each other.
This subclass is indented under subclass 382. Subject matter which includes a magnetic means (permanent
or electrical) to attach the support to the reference structure.
This subclass is indented under subclass 382. Subject matter comprising a support liftable by a human
being and having means conformable to the grasp of the human hands
to facilitate the lifting of the support.
This subclass is indented under subclass 399. Subject matter wherein the handle or bail has structural
means for attaching a means thereto to protect the illuminating
means or the user.
This subclass is indented under subclass 382. Support comprising (a) supporting structure, such as a rod,
which is supported by a fulcrum at some point between its ends,
one portion of the rod between the fulcrum and an end of the rod
being adapted for supporting the light source or light modifier
and another portion of the rod between the fulcrum and the other
end of the rod having means, usually adjustable for equalizing the
otherwise upsetting force of the weight of the light source or modifier
in order to position the light source or modifier; or (b) a system
of ropes and pulleys, one end of the rope having the light source
or modifier attached thereto and another end having balancing means
for equalizing the force tending to move the light source.
This subclass is indented under subclass 382. Subject matter comprising (a) means for supporting the light
source or modifier from above against movement due to gravity, and
(b) means for permitting the light source or modifier to be moved
by the force of gravity from one supported position to another.
This subclass is indented under subclass 382. Subject matter which depends from an overhead horizontal
surface, comprising means which extends for a substantial length
between the ceiling or the canopy (cover) which engages the ceiling,
and the light source or the light modifier.
(1)
Note. The suspended support of this subclass type is more
than a "nipple-pipe" (commonly limited in the trade to a 6 inch
length) which, when used, is usually concealed by a canopy.
(2)
Note. The canopy of this subclass type does not conceal a
light socket or light source.
This subclass is indented under subclass 405. Support comprising attaching means for connecting the member
and its associated structure to the ceiling.
This subclass is indented under subclass 404. Subject matter comprising a cord or rope or an electrical
conductor, which supports the light source, combined with a device
for repositioning the light source and its light modifier to concentrate
light rays on a desired area or object.
This subclass is indented under subclass 382. Subject matter wherein the structural means is provided
with means cooperable with an underlying (i.e., adjacent in the
direction of the force of gravity) planar surface normal to the force
of gravity to sustain or position without the aid of any securing
device; the light source or modifier against movement having a component
in the direction of the force of gravity (e.g., tilting or "tipping
over").
(1)
Note. The means cooperable with an underlying planar surface
of this subclass type provides a "base" for the light source or
modifier.
This subclass is indented under subclass 410. Subject matter including means for regulating electric power
supplied to an electric light source (e.g., a resistance element,
transformer, etc.) other than merely a nominally recited on-off
switch.
This subclass is indented under subclass 410. Subject matter wherein the standard is, or resembles, a
vessel having a mouth of smaller area than the greatest cross-sectional
area of the vessel.
This subclass is indented under subclass 410. Subject matter wherein one part of the standard is repositionable
relative to another part or to the reference point or structure.
This subclass is indented under subclass 382. Support comprising means suspendable from the reference
structure having at least two depending arms for supporting a light
source therebetween.
(1)
Note. The arms are usually shaped for receiving an annular
light modifier, e.g., shade.
This subclass is indented under subclass 418. Subject matter wherein the adjustable light support has
structure to move the light support in a plurality of ways, each
move being distinct from the other, or the adjustable light support has
at least a portion of the adjustable light support movable in another
way in addition to the movement of the adjustable support.
This subclass is indented under subclass 419. Subject matter wherein there are plural adjustable headlight
supports, each support or a portion of each of the supports being
pivoted in two different ways, and the plural headlight supports
or the positions of the supports are connected so that both headlight
supports or the portions of the headlights move together and manual
means to pivot both headlight supports or both portions or the headlight
supports in at least one of the two different ways.
(1)
Note. The term "manual" includes hand, feet, arm or other
body portion operated motion transmission means.
This subclass is indented under subclass 419. Subject matter wherein the adjustable light source support
includes a spherical bearing surface, a holder or outer member conforming
to the bearing surface enclosing the bearing surface so that the
bearing surface and the holder or outer member have relative movement
with respect to each other to form a universally movable light support
for a light source.
(1)
Note. The subject matter of this subclass type includes,
for example, hemispherical ball and socket light supports.
This subclass is indented under subclass 419. Subject matter wherein the adjustable light support includes
a tube capable of movement about the tube axis; a motion transmission member
mounted for movement within the tube; the adjustable light support
including a pivoted portion which forms the support of a light source
capable of movement in addition to the movement of the tube about
its axis and manual means connected to the tube to rotate the tube
and the movable portion about the tube axis and connected to the
motion transmission member to pivot the movable portion of the support
selectively about its pivot.
This subclass is indented under subclass 422. Subject matter wherein the internal motion transmission
member is mounted in the tube for rotary movement and connected
at each end of the member are a pair of rotating members with teeth
which intermesh to transmit motion imparted by the manual means
to the pivoted portion of the light support.
This subclass is indented under subclass 422. Subject matter wherein the internal motion transmission
member is mounted for movement in a rectilinear manner and the internal motion
transmission member connects the manual means to the pivoted portion
of the light support so that the manual means imparting motion transfers
motion to the pivoted portion by way of the internal motion transmission member.
This subclass is indented under subclass 419. Subject matter wherein the structure to move the light support
in a plurality of ways includes a manually operated motion transmission member
mounted to have straight line and circular motion connected to the
adjustable support such that the straight line motion of the member
causes the movable light support to turn one way and the circular
movement of the member causes the support to move another way.
This subclass is indented under subclass 419. Subject matter wherein the adjustable light source support
has pivotal movement about a first axis and the support includes
two diverging members, each member having a pivot point so that
the two pivot points mount a light source or an element of a light
source or an element of a light source for movement about a second
axis different from the first axis.
for the combination of a vehicle steering mechanism
or element and a pivoted lamp or lamp support which also has a pivoted
motion about another axis under the control of manual means.
Supports,
subclasses 124.1+ for a vertically and horizontally adjustable standard
bracket, subclass 258 for a rod type bracket adjustable in two different
directions, subclass 278.1 for an adjustable bracket having vertical and
horizontal pivots, and subclasses 393+ for a movable stand
which is tiltable and adjustable in a horizontal plane.
This subclass is indented under subclass 418. Subject matter wherein the light support supported in two
or more positions includes at least a member having an axis and
means to mount the member so that (a) the member can turn about
its own axis, (b) the member can be turned about an axis different
from the axis of the member, or (c) a light source supported by the
member can be turned about the axis of the member.
This subclass is indented under subclass 427. Subject matter wherein there is motion transmission means
connected to the pivoted light support member or to a pivoted light
source supported on the member to pivot the member or the light
source as a result of a force imparted to the motion transmission
means.
This subclass is indented under subclass 418. Subject matter comprising means for attaching the adjustable
arm or bracket to the reference point or reference structure.
This subclass is indented under subclass 382. Subject matter comprising a post which must be secured to
the floor, ground, or other substantially horizontal surface in
order to function properly as a light source support.
This subclass is indented under subclass 382. Subject matter comprising structural means for spacing a
light source or modifier from a solid vertical barrier (e.g., building
wall, retaining wall).
(1)
Note. The subject matter of this subclass and the subclasses
indented hereunder usually consists of an elongated member with
a light source supporting means at or near one end, and at the other
end, means integral or cooperable with the reference structure to
support the member itself, or a pair of such members for cooperatively
supporting a light source between them.
This subclass is indented under subclass 433. Subject matter comprising skeleton frames having a flanged
ring to engage a light source engaging support and electrical connector
and a ring to which the modifier is connected.
This subclass is indented under subclass 435. Subject matter attached to the socket and provided with
clamping jaws which engage the modifier below the socket.
This subclass is indented under subclass 437. Subject matter comprising means for attaching the light
modifier holder or socket cover to the reference point or the reference
structure.
This subclass is indented under subclass 433. Subject matter comprising a resilient ring to hold or clamp
the rim of a modifier within the flange of a frame such as a socket
cover, socket extension, or skeleton frame.
This subclass is indented under subclass 433. Subject matter which engage the modifier at its lower end,
the support not being an integral part of the shade.
This subclass is indented under subclass 441. Subject matter that consists of a series of radial arms
for directly engaging the modifier, the support not being an integral
part of the modifier.
This subclass is indented under subclass 433. Subject matter in the form of collars mounted on a light
source engaging support and electrical connector which collars support
the modifier against gravity but, upon removal, permit the modifier
to slip off the socket.
This subclass is indented under subclass 433. Subject matter in the form of spring frames mounted directly
on the middle or bulged portion of the lamp chimney.
This subclass is indented under subclass 433. Subject matter which are formed integrally with a portion
of a light source engaging support and electrical connector or a
cover for such a support.
This subclass is indented under subclass 433. Subject matter adapted to be adjusted to fit various sizes
of modifiers or to change the position of the modifier in relation
to the light source.
This subclass is indented under subclass 433. Subject matter that allows the modifier to be readily dropped
or otherwise moved out of the way relative to the light source to
allow access to the light.
This subclass is indented under subclass 433. Subject matter comprising a plurality of substantially vertical
arms, carrying a flanged ring or shield which engages the perforations
in the crown of an annular modifier; the arms being within the modifier
and attached at their other ends to the light support or electric
socket.
This subclass is indented under subclass 433. Subject matter comprising chains or rods having fastening
means, such as bands or clips, which engage the rim of a bowl shaped
light modifier.
This subclass is indented under subclass 433. Subject matter comprising a device for holding a lens and
for attaching the lens to an element of this class, such as a chimney,
electric socket, light source, etc.
SUPPORTED BY VEHICLE STRUCTURE (E.G., ESPECIALLY ADAPTED
FOR VEHICLE):
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Subject matter comprising an illuminating means supported
on a device intended for carrying passenger, goods or equipment
(e.g., a car, truck, train, plane, or boat) or part of such a device
intended for carrying passenger, goods, or equipment.
(1)
Note. Illuminating means combined with a wheelborne support
which cooperates with a track having limited movement while in normal
use is classified in this subclass.
(2)
Note. The illuminating means of the subject matter of this
subclass and the subclasses indented hereunder consists of a light
source, modifier, light source support, or modifier support or combinations
thereof.
A - Vehicle; B - Vehicle other light; C - Vehicle rearlight; D - Vehicle front light; E - Vehicle cab or operator"s
station
Electric Lamp and Discharge Devices: Systems,
subclasses 77+ for vehicle headlight systems with no claimed light
support or wherein the headlight is only nominally recited.
This subclass is indented under subclass 459. Subject matter comprising a leveling gauge, angular scale,
or similar device to facilitate leveling or aiming the light ray
of the light, usually consisting of a reflector and a special lens, relative
to the vehicle or a positioning and directing device for positioning
or directing the elevation direction of the light ray relative
to the vehicle.
A - Vehicle; B - Headlight assembly; C - Headlight supportplate; D - Headlight with inclination adjusting and detecting mechanism;
E - Inclined road
F - Headlight receptacle; G - Swing shaft; H - Pivoted balland socket shaft; J - Electric motor
This subclass is indented under subclass 460. Subject matter including (a) a weight suspended from an
end of a line and used to test vertical alignment of the headlamp
beam or (b) a positioning device consisting of a body portion having
an elongated chamber and having a viscous fluid entrapping a gas
bubble which moves within the confines of the chamber and further
including a viewing surface formed on the body portion providing
a view of the position of the gas bubble through the viewing surface
to provide a visual indication for proper aiming of the headlamp
beam.
A - Leveling device; B - Headlamp assembly; C - Adjustmentassemblies; D - Adjustment screws; E - Lamp surface; F - Housing;
G - Fluid receiving chambers; H - Bubble; J - Clamps
Geometrical Instruments,
subclass 288 for an alignment device for positioning or determining
the position of an automobile headlamp, subclasses 335+ for
a device adapted for cooperation with the vehicle headlight for indicating
a direction, subclasses 365+ for a level or plumb responsive to
terrestrial gravitation and establishing either a horizontal or
a vertical direction, and subclasses 613+ for a gauge to
verify the alignment or proper mutual arrangement of the two parts.
Optics: Measuring and Testing,
subclass 121 for an optical axis adjusting system for a headlamp
and subclass 249 for a fiducial instrument having a liquid surface
(e.g., bubble level).
This subclass is indented under subclass 461. Subject matter comprising an additional measuring unit consisting
of a guide member having a scale fixed to the illuminating means,
a rotatable aiming screw, a slide member threadedly joined with
a male screw portion of the aiming screw and wherein (a) the slide
member is combined with the guide member and the aiming screw and
( b) the rotation of the aiming screw moves the slide member along
the guide member to provide the visual indication of the illumination
angle of the headlamp beam.
(1)
Note. The measuring unit may also include a display mechanism
consisting of an indicator needle which rotates with respect to
a calibrated screen or a radial scale to display relative angle
of headlight alignment and may further include a knob for initial
adjustment or setting of the needle position.
A - Front lens; B - Calibrated rod; C - Level or plumb;D - Lump body; E - Bulb socket; F - Locking cap; G - Lamp housing
Geometrical Instruments,
subclass 288 for a device for positioning or determining the
position of the automotive headlamp and subclass 335 for a indicator
device adapted for cooperation with the vehicle headlamp for determining
a deviation from the horizontal or vertical.
This subclass is indented under subclass 460. Subject matter comprising an additional measuring unit consisting
of a guide member having a scale fixed to the illumination means,
a rotatable aiming screw, a slide member threadedly joined with
a male screw portion of the aiming screw and wherein (a) the slide
member is combined with the guide member and the aiming screw and
(b) the rotation of the aiming screw moves the slide member along
the guide member to provide the visual indication of the illumination
angle of the headlamp beam.
(1)
Note. The measuring unit may also include a display mechanism
consisting of an indicator needle which rotates with respect to
a calibrated screen or radial scale, to display relative angle of
headlight alignment and may further include a knob for initial
adjustment or setting of the needle position.
A - Lamp housing; B - Reflecting mirror; C - Adjustingscrew; D - Ball joint; E - Index portion; F - Nut; G - Index member;
H - Mating index portion; J - Elongated groove; K - Mounting screen;
L - Mating index
Geometrical Instruments,
subclass 288 for a device for positioning or determining the
position of the automotive headlamp and subclass 335 for a indicator
device adapted for cooperation with the vehicle headlamp for determining
a deviation from the horizontal or vertical.
This subclass is indented under subclass 459. Subject matter comprising a sensing means having a characteristic
which changes in response to a change in a particular mode or location
of the illumination means and wherein the change in characteristic
produces a change in the position or intensity of the illumination means.
A - Vehicle; B - Headlamps; C - Power supply section; D- Lamp controller for turning on and off headlamps in response to
signal generated from sensor "E"; E - Brightness sensor
This subclass is indented under subclass 464. Subject matter wherein the illuminating means comprises
a shaft of light ray or rays and wherein the intensity of light
ray or rays is controlled without manual intervention.
(1)
Note. Patents in this subclass include a light sensor attached
on the pivotal headlamp for detecting the presence of a leading
vehicle, an adjusting mechanism for adjusting the optical axis of
the headlamp, and a controller for actuating the adjusting mechanism
in response to the sensor signal of the light sensor to move the
headlamp for automatically adjusting the angle of the headlamp optical
axis.
(2)
Note. Patents in this subclass include (a) a sensor means,
attached to the headlamp means, for detecting an obstacle and generating
a sensor signal corresponding to the obstacle; (b) an adjusting
means, associated with headlamp, for adjusting the optical axis
of the headlamp means; and (c) a control means, coupled to the sensor
means and the adjusting means, for actuating the adjusting means
to automatically adjust the headlamp means to illuminate a predetermined area.
(3)
Note. A system for the automatic correction of the orientation
of the beam of light of the headlamp includes a means for turning
at least the optical system of the headlamp about an axis of rotation adjacent
the optical axis and a transducer detector system adapted to detect
the angle of inclination of the vehicle while turning, and a means
for turning the optical system of the headlamp being controlled
by the transducer detector in such a manner that a compensating
orientation variation is applied to the headlamp beam when the vehicle
makes a turn.
(4)
Note. There are some patents in this subclass which only adjust
the headlights" intensity for fog, rain, or other light
conditions.
A - Headlamp; B - Light source; C - Reflector; D - Lens;E - Light shielding plate
This subclass is indented under subclass 465. Subject matter wherein action of the control means is determined
by an electronic device for performing a mathematical calculation.
This subclass is indented under subclass 465. Subject matter including an operative means comprising (a)
an electrically energized coil of insulated wire producing a magnetic
field in the coil, (b) mutually coupled conductors which are caused
to move relative to each other by interaction of the magnetic field
produced by flow of electric current in the conductors, and (c)
a closed regulating circuit having an input derived through transducers
from the inclination of the vehicle axis with respect to the road
surface.
A - Headlight; B - Housing; C - Vehicle Structure; D - Bimetalliccompensator; E - Lamp-holding ring; F - Lamp adjusting ring; G -
Mounting plate; H - Stop nut; J - Return spring; K - Pivots. NOTE:
UPON ACTIVATION, COMPENSATOR EXPANDS AND PUSHES HOUSING FORWARD
TO DEFLECT HEADLIGHT BEAM.
A - Motor control circuit; B - Electric motor; C - Worm gear;D - Pinion gear; E - Rack; F - Globe; G - Bulb (light source); H
- Reflector or reflecting mirror; J - Worm wheel
Electrical Transmission or Interconnection Systems,
subclass 10.8 for an electrically controlled vehicle-mounted
system for an automobile including lighting circuits.
This subclass is indented under subclass 465. Subject matter wherein the headlight adjusting mechanism
is controlled by a piston of a liquid or gas pressure operated device.
A - Lever; B - Ball joint; C - Pipe stub; D, E - Pipe stubs = Fluidlines; F - Fixed vehicle structure; G - Control element; L - Headlight;
M, M1 - Axle modulators; V - Vacuum source
This subclass is indented under subclass 465. Subject matter wherein (a) a centrifugal force being developed
when the vehicle is turned is utilized to effect a corresponding
pivotal movement of the headlight so that the light beam is directed
along the road ahead of the vehicle or (b) a flexible connection
or similar device extending between parts associated with and movable
relative to sprung and unsprung vehicle members controlling the
direction of the headlight beam.
A - Crank arm controlled at its end "L"" bytransverse shaft B which controls headlight; B - Shaft; C - Clamp; D
- Member to vehicle body; E - Cam; F - Disc; G - Axle; H - Stirrup
(free to rotate about B and fastened to member "J"";
J - Member connected to headlight; K - Headlight; M - Spring connects
shaft and axle
This subclass is indented under subclass 459. Subject matter including illuminating means especially adapted
for a vehicle adapted to be supported above the earth entirely by
air pressure.
(1)
Note. The light source may be mounted externally or internally
of the aircraft or portion of the aircraft.
(2)
Note. Only enough structure of the aircraft or portion of
the aircraft is generally given to form a support for the light unit.
(3)
Note. When the light source or subcombination is mounted internally
of the aircraft, an aperture is claimed to permit the illumination
to be radiated therethrough to the exterior of the aircraft or portion thereof.
(4)
Note. Included here is a lamp in name only, or a lamp with
or without an electrical circuit combined with nominally recited
aircraft or aircraft part.
A - Lighting system; B - Airplane hose; C - Radome; D -Forward bulkhead; E - Exit light beam; F - Exit lens; G - Lamp;
H - Wheel well
Aeronautics and Astronautics,
subclasses 24+ for an aircraft detail combined with a nominally
recited illumination device, lighter than air, in general; subclasses
114+ for a aircraft landing field arrangement, in general; and
subclasses 117+ for an aircraft structure, in general.
This subclass is indented under subclass 470. Subject matter wherein the aircraft comprises an instrument
board and a cockpit and the illuminating means is adapted for lighting
of the instrument board or cockpit of an aircraft.
A - Cockpit; B - Instrument panel; C - Aircraft fuselage; D- Canopy; E - Pilot seat; F, G, H - Illuminating light fixtures
This subclass is indented under subclass 470. Subject matter including a closure member connected with
a linkage to move between the opened and closed positions and an
actuator mechanism including a motor and a linkage arrangement to
move the illuminating means in the first position to project a beam
of light and a second position wherein the illuminating means is
concealed within a housing body.
A - Aircraft; B - Fuselage; C - Wings; D - Landing gear assembly;E - Wheels; F - Landing gear doors (front); G - Wing mounted
lights; H - Retractable landing gear lights
This subclass is indented under subclass 459. Subject matter wherein the illuminating means is especially
adapted for (a) a vehicle having two wheels one behind the other,
a steering handle, and a saddle seat or seats and usually propelled
by the action of the rider"s feet upon pedals; or (b) a
two-wheeled self-propelled vehicle having one or two riding saddles
and usually propelled by a gasoline engine.
(1)
Note. The subject matter of this subclass includes nominally
recited light sources as well as light units or elements of the light
unit, such as an optical light modifier or a light casing support
for a light, per se.
A - Bicycle frame; B - Headlamp; C - Lamp support; D -Seat; E - Rear lamp; F - Bracket; G - Pedals; H - Pair of wheels;
J - Handle
A - Motorcycle; B - Main frame; C - Engine; D - Exhaustpipe; E - Muffler; F - Main frame cover; G - Windshield cover; H
- Supplementary light; J - Headlight; K - Steering handle
Machine Element or Mechanism,
subclasses 551.1+ for a bicycle handlebar and subclasses 594.1+ for
a bicycle crank and pedals where no light source is involved.
This subclass is indented under subclass 473. Subject matter wherein the bicycle or the motorcycle comprises
a shaped rod that forms part of a bicycle"s or motorcycle"s
steering mechanism and having a hand grip thereon and wherein the
illuminating means includes light modifying means other than the
headlight and the light modifying means either (a) is detachably
mounted on the shaped rod or (b) illuminates the hand grip on the
shaped rod.
A - Headlamp; B - Steering post; C - Left and right hollowarms; D - Light units; E, F - Hand grip sleeves
This subclass is indented under subclass 473. Subject matter wherein a lamp is mounted in front of the
bicycle or motorcycle and the lamp comprises a light bulb, a reflector
disposed behind the light bulb, a light casing accommodating the
light bulb and the reflector, and a lens attached in the front face
of the light casing for illuminating the surface on which the wheel
is moving.
A - Motorcycle front fork; B - Brackets; C - Reflector; D- Headlight casing; E - Front lens; F - Supporting member; G - Wiring
coupler; H - Input-output wiring harness; J - Headlight sockets
This subclass is indented under subclass 475. Subject matter including structural means in which the lamp
is positioned with respect to some reference point or reference
structure.
A - Headlamp; B, C, D - Support bracket assembly; E, F- Support rod; G - Support plate; H - Adjustable knob
This subclass is indented under subclass 459. Subject matter wherein the transporting support comprises
a watercraft and the illuminating means is especially adapted for
imparting light to different parts of the watercraft.
A - Vessel hull; B - Bullwork; C - Opening for light; D- Headlight
A - Boat; B - Multiple light system; C - Mast-mounted lightassembly; D - Bow; E - Light assembly mounting means; F - Deck;
G - Auxiliary or additional light; H - Light mast mounting plate;
J - Tubular mast or standard; K - Mast-mounted navigation light
Ships,
subclasses 343+ for a boat, boat component, or attachment, in general;
and subclass 66 for an observation ship having the means to illuminate
the object or field.
This subclass is indented under subclass 459. Subject matter wherein the transporting means is either
(a) a vehicle which is motor driven and designed to carry passengers
usually according to a schedule along a fixed route or (b) a wheeled
transportation equipment for a runaway or track formed of rails
laid usually in two parallel lines.
A - Headlight (movable); B - Movable support base; C - Crankhandle; D - Locomotive
A - Stop sign light unit; B - Support bracket; C - Lightingsystem with plurality of lights
This subclass is indented under subclass 478. Subject matter especially adapted for a top outside cover
of the bus or railway rolling stock or the underside of the top
cover of the bus or railway rolling stock.
A - Train; B - Lighting fixtures; C - Roof or ceiling;D - Floor; E - Seats
This subclass is indented under subclass 479. Subject matter wherein the bus or railway rolling stock
comprises an overhead air duct, an aisle, and passenger seats and
the illuminating means is supported by the overhead air duct or air
distributing means and the air duct or air distributing means direct
light down on an aisle or passenger seat.
A - Lamps; B - Lamp support; C - Ventilating air passage;D - Roof frame; E - Lamp shade
Ventilation,
subclass 83 for a ventilation system for a railcar, bus, or trailer,
in general; subclasses 108+ for a specific air distributor;
subclasses 136+ for a vehicle roof structure, in general;
and subclasses 292+ for a ceiling-type inlet airway, in
general.
This subclass is indented under subclass 478. Subject matter wherein the bus or railway rolling stock
comprises a step, an entrance, or a side and the illuminating means
is especially adapted to distribute the light along the step, entrance,
or side of the bus or railway rolling stock.
A - Bus; B - Body of bus; C - Hinged doors; D - Light housing;E - Roof; F - Light beam
This subclass is indented under subclass 478. Subject matter including illuminating means supported on
an outside panel member extending across the front of the bus or
railway rolling stock to obtain proper lighting of the railroad
track.
A - Locomotive; B - Bumper beam; C - Step or dashboard;D - Hand rail; E - Headlight; F - Light source; G - Reflector; H
- Light beam to dashboard
This subclass is indented under subclass 478. Subject matter wherein the illuminating device is adapted
for illuminating a bench or chair designed specifically for use
in a bus or railway rolling stock to support one or more persons during
the movement of the bus or railway rolling stock.
A - Vehicle seat; B - Backrest; C - Light fixture; D - Lightmanipulating handle
This subclass is indented under subclass 478. Subject matter wherein the bus or railway rolling stock
comprises a shelf used for storing the personal belongings of a
person in transit and the illuminating means is supported by the shelf.
(1)
Note. The illuminating means of this subclass type may be
integral with or separable from the shelf.
A - Light fixture; B - Light source; C - Railroad car wall;D - Baggage rack; E - Reflector; F, G - Rack support
This subclass is indented under subclass 459. Subject matter wherein the illuminating means is especially
adapted for (a) an automotive wheeled vehicle built for the transportation
of goods or a heavy article on its own chassis (i.e., a truck);
or (b) a nonautomotive highway or industrial plant vehicle designed
to be hauled by a motor truck, tractor, or passenger automobile
(i.e., a trailer); or (c) a heavy four-wheel vehicle, usually uncovered,
designed especially for transporting bulky material and drawn originally
by an animal but often by a motor vehicle (i.e., a wagon).
A - Truck tractor; B - Front shirt; C - Headlamps; D - Turnsignal; E - Reflector; F - Side marker light; G - Lamp housing;
H - Bumper
A - Light unit; B - Trailer; C - Rear wheels; D - Area illuminatedby light unit "A"; E - Street curb or obstruction
This subclass is indented under subclass 459. Subject matter comprising a self-contained illuminating
means capable of being easily and conveniently moved from one location
to another.
A - Automobile; B - Hood; C - Portable lamp; D - Lamp base;E - Lamp standard; F - Pivoted arm; G - Pivot; H - Jack
This subclass is indented under subclass 459. Subject matter including illuminating means especially adapted
for a four-wheeled automotive vehicle or a motor car designed for
passenger transportation on a street or roadway and usually propelled
by an internal-combustion engine using a volatile fuel (e.g., gasoline).
This subclass is indented under subclass 488. Subject matter wherein the automobile comprises an instrument
board panel extending across an automobile below the windshield, usually
containing dials, controls, and accessories, and the illumination
means facilitates the viewing of the panel.
A - Dashboard; B - Instrument board; C, D, E, F, G - Indicatinginstruments; H - Instrument board lamps
This subclass is indented under subclass 488. Subject matter including illuminating means adapted for
installation on the underside of the roof of the automobile.
A - Vehicle; B - Passage compartment; C - Front seat;D - Rear seat; E - Rear view mirror; F - Ceiling lamp; G - Ceiling
Land Vehicles: Bodies and Tops,
subclasses 210+ for a roof structure, in general; and subclass
215 for a roof structure having a light-transmitting means.
This subclass is indented under subclass 488. Subject matter especially adapted to illuminate a bar of
metal or other rigid substance used to exert a pressure to engage
or disengage a toothed wheel to perform a vehicle transmission.
A - Illuminated head; B - Rear shift lever; C - Light bulb;D - Knob; E - Tubular housing
This subclass is indented under subclass 488. Subject matter including illuminating means especially adapted
for a polished or smooth substance forming an image by the reflection of
light used for makeup and supported by a projecting front piece
on a windshield to protect the eyes from glare or an overhang to
give shade.
A - Ceiling; B - Windshield; C - Sun visor; D - Flush mountedshell; E - Frame; F - Mirror unit; G - Illuminating unit; H - Panel;
J - Mirror; K - Light emitting slots; L - Screen; M - Recesses to
flip down mirror
This subclass is indented under subclass 487. Subject matter wherein the automobile comprises a top cover
and a windshield and the illumination means is positioned on the
top cover of the automobile above the windshield.
A - Roof; B - Light assembly; C - Lamp housing; D - Lamp;E - Base housing; F - Mounting plate; G - Pivot; H - Handle; J -
Pivot; K - Linkage
This subclass is indented under subclass 487. Subject matter wherein the illuminating means is positioned
on a polished or smooth substance forming an image used for sighting
an object approaching from behind the automobile.
A - Back mirror case; B - Pillar; C - Mechanism to drive illuminationlight; D - Illumination light; E - Back mirror; F - Support frame;
G - Guiding member; H - Light bulb
Communications: Electrical,
subclasses 475+ for a land vehicle turn signal light system, subclasses
760+ for a solid body light emitter visual display system,
and subclasses 815.01+ for a visual indicator.
Optical: Systems and Elements,
subclasses 601+ for a glare or unwanted light reduction with mirror,
subclasses 838+ for a vehicle mirror, and especially subclasses
871+ for a mirror with a support.
This subclass is indented under subclass 487. Subject matter wherein the illumination means is adapted
to be mounted on a footboard or a threshold of the automobile to
illuminate the footboard or threshold.
(1)
Note. The illuminating means may illuminate an area to the
side of the automobile, the footboard itself, or the vicinity of
the footboard.
A - Vehicle body; B - Door; C - Running board; D - Doorpost; E - Corrugated plate; F - Elongated slots; G - Light transmitting
rods
This subclass is indented under subclass 487. Subject matter wherein the automobile comprises an engine
compartment, an ornamental metal screen at the front of the automobile
covering the radiator core, or a luggage compartment, as well as
a body part covering these compartments brightened by the illuminating means.
A - Car body; B - Rear panel; C - Trunk; D - Trunk door;E - Illuminating means; F - Support bracket
A - Vehicle; B - Hood; C - Pivotal bracket; D - Headlights;E, F - Mirrors; G - Light beam path
Land Vehicles: Bodies and Tops,
subclasses 37.1+ for an auxiliary article compartment, in general;
and subclasses 146+ for a door or window having specified
vehicle features, in general.
This subclass is indented under subclass 487. Subject matter wherein the automobile comprises a flat,
thin, smooth, usually rectangular piece of metal having an automobile
identification name or numbers brightened by the illuminating means.
This subclass is indented under subclass 497. Subject matter wherein the illuminating means comprises
a light source to indicate the direction in which the automobile
is about to turn.
A - Signal lamps; B - Turn signal; C - License plate lamp;D - Lamp casing; E - Light source; F - License plate
Card, Picture, or Sign Exhibiting,
subclasses 541+ for an illuminated sign, in general; and especially
subclasses 553+ for a vehicle light having multiple functions.
Communications: Electrical,
subclasses 815.06+ for a visual indicator having a transparent display
element and subclasses 475+ for a land vehicle turn signal
light system.
This subclass is indented under subclass 498. Subject matter wherein the illuminating means comprises
a light source to indicate intended movement or stoppage of the
automobile.
A - License plate; B - Turn signals; C - Brake or emergency;D - Lamp
This subclass is indented under subclass 487. Subject matter wherein the automobile comprises a long usually
tapered rod supporting the wheel, a shaft supporting the wheel,
or a usually cylindrical central part of the wheel, for supporting
the illuminating means.
A - Lens; B - Bearing support; C - Light assembly; D - Wheelhub; E - Grease cap; F - Reflector
This subclass is indented under subclass 487. Subject matter wherein the automobile comprises (a) a movable
piece of firm material or a structure supported usually along one
side and swinging on pivots or hinges, by means of which an opening
may be closed or kept open for a passage into an automobile and
(b) a part on the movable opening or closing the movable piece and
the illuminating means piece that is designed especially to be grasped
by the hand and is supported on the movable piece or the part.
A - Car door; B - Door handle; C - Light source; D - Handlepart; E, F, G - Open with transparent glass
This subclass is indented under subclass 487. Subject matter wherein the automobile comprises a heat exchange
member consisting of an assembly of sheets or tubes, called a core,
used for transferring heat for a liquid cooled internal combustion
engine and the illuminating means is supported by the heat exchange
means.
This subclass is indented under subclass 487. Subject matter wherein the automobile comprises (a) a transparent
glass screen forming the upper front of the automobile compartment
or (b) a transparent glass cover, usually to admit light, on the
side or rear of the automobile and the illuminating means is supported
by the screen or the cover.
A - Rear window; B - Vehicle; C - Illuminating means; D- Window screen; E - Signal indicators (additional); F - Tail lights
This subclass is indented under subclass 503. Subject matter wherein the significance is attributed to
repositionable means for holding the illuminating device on the
windshield or window.
A - Lamp; B - Lens; C - Stem; D - Handle; E - Mountingring; F - Retaining ring; G - Bearing portion ring "E"";
H, J - Friction washers; K - Windshield. Note: Mounting ring "E"" is
free to be turned by manipulating of stem "C"" through
handle "D.""
This subclass is indented under subclass 487. Subject matter wherein the automobile comprises (a) a device,
usually a metal bar or a grill made of heavy duty composite material
for absorbing shock and lessening or preventing damage in a collision
or impact to the automobile body or (b) a shoe attachment connected
to an automobile device for preventing locking of the device with
another automobile and the illuminating means is supported by the
device or the shoe attachment.
A - Bumper; B - Wheel housing; C - Car body; D - Fenderpanel; E - Bumper facer; F - Bumper side section; G - Lamp mounting
hole; H - Lamp
This subclass is indented under subclass 487. Subject matter wherein the automobile comprises a mud guard
or protective covering made of metal or high-strength composite
material over a wheel of an automobile and the illuminating means
is supported on the guard or the protective covering.
A - Automobile; B - Front fender; C - Rear fender; D - Lamp;E - Lamp
This subclass is indented under subclass 459. Subject matter wherein the illuminating means includes either
an incandescent light bulb or a gas discharge light bulb having
an internal element which is movable relative to a light modifier
permitting adjustment of the illuminating means.
A - Light source; B - Lens; C - Reflector; D - Adjustmentball; F, G, H - Rack and pinion assembly; J - Adjustment ball axis
This subclass is indented under subclass 459. Subject matter including means to alter the distribution
or composition of light emitted from the illuminating means by reflecting,
refracting, or partially or completely absorbing the light.
A - Headlamp; B - Lamp housing; C - Light bulb or source;D - Convex lens; E - Electrical socket connected to automobile electrical
system; F - Mounting bracket
Optical: Systems and Elements,
subclasses 601+ for a glare or unwanted light reduction, in general;
and subclasses 885+ for an absorption filter, in general.
This subclass is indented under subclass 509. Subject matter comprising a filter to partially absorb or
reflect some or all of the light from the illuminating means and
alter its energy spectrum.
A - Reflector; B - Light source; C - Filter to filter out visiblelight and transmit ultraviolet light; D - Arrow represents light
passed from the light source through filter; E - Arrow represents
light emitted by the light source without passing through the filter;
F, G, H - Filter operating device in the form of draw magnet; J
- Light source attachment; K - Spring to displace filter positions;
L - Conductor through which current is delivered to draw magnet;
M - Conductor through which current is delivered to light source
Electric Lamp and Discharge Devices,
subclass 112 for a polarizer or filter and subclasses 113+ for
a reflector-type optical device or a special ray transmissive envelope.
This subclass is indented under subclass 509. Subject matter including an object made of light transmitting
material having a relatively narrow surface or side disposed adjacent
to a light source, or a transparent, relatively elongated surface
transmitting light rays from one point to another within the confines
of its outer surface or surfaces by internal reflections, or a high
brightness light source coupled to fiber-optic light conductors
to provide forward illumination.
A1, An - Plurality of lens; B1, Bn- Light output; C1, Cn - Fiber optics; D1, Dn
- Fiber optics; E - High intensity light source; F - Reflector
This subclass is indented under subclass 509. Subject matter wherein the light modifier (a) acts on a
light beam produced by a light source and (b) is movable to alter
the direction or content of the light beam (e.g., adjusting or moving
height or direction of the light beam).
A - Lens; B - Reflex mirror; C - Terminal; D - Light sourceor bulb; E - Bulb receiver; F, G - Pivot suspension; H - Adjustable
cover (turns upward and downward over bulb receiver "E"");
J - Slot; K - Bracket; L, M - Pivot; N - Working bar; P - Lens;
Q, R - Inner walls of housing
Movable or Removable Closures,
subclasses 139+ for a closure optionally moved by a motor and subclasses 248+ for
a closure mounted for multi-directional movement.
This subclass is indented under subclass 512. Subject matter wherein the light beam is movable or positionable
by electric, hydraulic, or pneumatic means.
A - Enclosure; B - Housing cavity; C - Headlight; D - Electricmotor; E - Rotation assembly; F - Headlight frame
This subclass is indented under subclass 512. Subject matter wherein the adjustable or positionable means
is a bowl-shaped device usually made of a polished metal or plastic
for redirecting light back into a medium.
A - Fender or wheel guard; B - Lamp housing; C - Reflector;D - Bulb or light source; E - Plate reflector (adjustable or positionable);
F - Shaft; G, H - Links; J - Pivot lug; K - Adjusting rod; L -
Lens
This subclass is indented under subclass 514. Subject matter wherein (a) the adjustable reflector includes
(1) a spherical bearing surface, and (2) a holder or outer member
conforming to the bearing surface and enclosing the bearing surface,
and (b) the bearing surface and either the holder or the outer member
have a relative movement with respect to each other.
A - Lamp body; B - Lens; C - Adjustable reflector; E, F, G- Ball and socket mechanism
This subclass is indented under subclass 509. Subject matter wherein the significance is attributed to
the surface configuration of the bowl-shaped device.
A - Light source; B - Cover plate; C - Convex mirror;D - Main reflecting surface
Communications: Radio Wave Antennas,
subclasses 755 , 761, 775, 779, 781+, 815, 817, 818+,
and 834+ for an antenna with a reflector, in general; and
subclasses 912+ for a radio wave reflector.
Road Structure, Process, or Apparatus,
subclasses 6+ for a reflection material in a traffic guide or
barrier and subclasses 9+ for a reflective material in
a traffic director.
Stock Material or Miscellaneous Articles,
subclasses 426+ for a nonstructural composite product including
a layer of glass, especially subclasses 433+ wherein the
glass is next to a true metal or an alloy, resulting in most instances
in a reflector or mirror surface.
This subclass is indented under subclass 516. Subject matter including two or more different reflecting
portions or segments, each having two or more surfaces located in
different planes.
A - Rear wall; B - Rear reflecting surface; C - Lateral reflectingsurface; D - Lateral reflecting surface; E - Light source
Electrical Connectors,
subclasses 226+ for a coupling means to receive a fluorescent or
neon lamp; subclasses 284+ for a connector adapted to cooperate
with a duplicate connector, in general; and subclasses 375 and 605 for
a lamp or electron tube socket or base.
This subclass is indented under subclass 509. Subject matter wherein the light modifier includes a light
pervious material having a pair of opposed refracting surfaces,
at least one of which is, at least in part, angularly related to the
other surface so that the path of a light ray incident on one opposed
surface of the material and the path of the same ray after it emerges from
the material through the other opposed surface are not parallel.
(1)
Note. A refracting surface of this subclass type includes
an interface between the material of the refractor and some other
material, usually air, in which the speed of light is different.
(2)
Note. A refracting surface includes a transparent focusing
element consisting of a lens, usually an achromat, with crown glass
and flint glass components.
A - Front surface portion; B - Peripheral wall; C, D, E- Curved portions in up-down and left-right direction
Communications: Radio Wave Antennas,
subclasses 753+ for an antennae with spaced or external radio wave retractor,
subclass 783 for a waveguide-type antenna with an internal refraction
means, and subclasses 909+ for radio wave refracting means.
Optical: Systems and Elements, for an optical element, in general;
subclasses 258+ for a means for illuminating a building interior
with an outside light; and subclasses 409+ for a lens.
Stock Material or Miscellaneous Articles,
subclasses 156+ for a stock material product in the form of a single
or plural layer web or sheet including a component of varying thickness
and subclasses 426+ for a nonstructural composite web or
sheet embodying one or more layers of glass.
This subclass is indented under subclass 520. Subject matter including two refractor structures.
A - Housing; B - Lens with pillow optics; C - Bulb holder;D - Bulb; E - Intermediate element of transparent plastic; F - Axis
of "E" passes through bulb filament; G - Elongated
Fresnel prism formation, perpendicular to "F";
H - Elongated Fresnel prism formations, parallel to "F";
J - Light ray
This subclass is indented under subclass 520. Subject matter including two different focusing portions
or segments, each having plural surfaces located in different planes.
A, B, C - Plural sections; D - Lens; E - Reflector; F - Concaveinner surface of reflector; G - Metal coating; H - Lead in wires;
J - Light source
This subclass is indented under subclass 459. Subject matter including either (a) repositionable illuminating
device or (b) means to hold the illuminating device.
A - Lamp assembly; B - Fixed frame part; C - Pivot; D - Adjustingmechanism; E - Horizontal link; F - Wings; G - Housing; H - Fixed
frame part; J - Driving tool; K - Fasteners; L - Linearly movable
cam
This subclass is indented under subclass 523. Subject matter wherein the adjustable lamp or lamp support
is operable by mutual rotation of a pair of intermeshed toothed
wheels.
A - Spherical ball; B - Movable frame for lamp mounting;C - Output adjusting member; D - Flat surface; E - Threads of member
"C""; F - Rotary input member; G - Tool slot;
H - Worm threads; J - Worm gear threads; K - Vehicle frame; L -
Gear box housing
Machine Element or Mechanism,
subclasses 25+ for a rotary to reciprocating or oscillating mechanical
movement and subclass 89.13 for a mechanical movement involving bevel
gears.
This subclass is indented under subclass 523. Subject matter wherein two or more lamp supports move simultaneously
together.
In operation, the control device "C" movesto pull the driving wire "D" in the direction
of the arrow "E" and the lever "B" together
with the operating wire "G" is rotated to create
concurrent or simultaneous movement in both the lamp casings "A."
This subclass is indented under subclass 523. Subject matter wherein the force required to move or reposition
the lamp or lamp support is due to a magnetic force generated by
the passage of electric current or is caused by the interaction
of streams of fluid.
A - Automobile fender; B - Opening for headlamp; C, D- Headlamps; E - Mounting bracket; F - Rotary disc; G - Notched
plate; H , J - Pneumatically operated cylinders; K, L - Fluid lines;
M - Cylinder rod; N - Slide; P - Bracket; Q - Base; R - Member moves
vertically
A - Headlamp system (self-adjusting); B - Headlamp; C- Lamp housing; D - Housing frame; E - Pivot (housing "C" pivots
freely about "E"; F - Bushing; G - Articulated
arm; H - Hinge; J - Balancing weight; K - Counter weight; L - Electromagnet
Electricity: Motive Power Systems,
subclasses 119+ for a reciprocating or oscillating motor energized
system; subclass 139 for a battery operated motor system; and subclasses
445+ for an automatic or time delay circuit to energize
an electric motor, especially subclasses 466+ for an movement,
position, or limit of travel control circuit for an electric motor.
This subclass is indented under subclass 526. Subject matter including a headlamp automatically moved
outwardly through a panel opening in the vehicle to an extended
position when energized and drawn back automatically to a normally
concealed position within the vehicle when de-energized.
A - Headlight; B - Car body; C - Bonnet; D - Link mechanism;E - Lighting surface; F - Light passing portion
This subclass is indented under subclass 523. Subject matter wherein (a) the adjustable lamp or lamp support
includes (1) a spherical bearing surface and (2) a holder or outer
member conforming to the bearing surface and enclosing the bearing
surface, and (b) the bearing surface and either the holder or outer
member have a relative movement with respect to each other.
A - Deflector; B - Securing set screws; C - Spherical head;D - Spherical bushing (holder outer member); E - Continuous rings
shaped around outer surface of "D"; F - Outer
flange; G - Resilient arm; H - Snap-in nose with slip-on bevel "K",
engages depression "J"; J - Depression; K - Slip-on
bevel; L - Slots in the bushing
This subclass is indented under subclass 523. Subject matter wherein the lamp or lamp support adjustment
mechanism includes an operating member (e.g., foot or hand lever
assembly) actuated by a living being.
A - Vehicle; B - Vehicle wall; C - Headlight; D - Headlightopening; E - Headlight bracket; F - Headlight operating gear; G
- Cable or rope disc; H - Operating arm; J - Pedal mechanism; K
- Operating device; L - Rope or cable; M - Bearing shaft; N - Cooperating
lever
This subclass is indented under subclass 529. Subject matter including means (e.g., a handle, lever, cable,
or link mechanism) providing a directive control in two or more
angular positions, or to move on at least two different paths and
thereby swing the light to project its rays in horizontal directions
and also to project its rays at different altitudes in several horizontal
directions.
(1)
Note. Lamps may be elevated, lowered, or swung in a horizontal
plane by means of simple movement of the lever.
A - Support beam; B - Lamp; E, E’, F, F’ - Beveledgears; H - Hollow shaft; J - Steering shaft; K - Segment plates;
M, O - Operating levers; M’ - Pivoted rod. NOTE: MOVEMENT
OF GEARS THROUGH LEVERS AND PIVOTED ROD CAUSES PLURAL OR DIVERSE
MOTIONS OF THE LAMP "B."
Machine Element or Mechanism,
subclasses 89.2+ for reciprocating or oscillating motions with flexible
drive connector, subclass 108 for a reciprocating to oscillating
motion with lever and slide mechanism, subclass 471 for multiple
controlled elements wherein the control moves in two planes, subclasses
484+ for steering and control assemblies, and subclass
502.1 for a mirror moved by the flexible transmitter (e.g., borden
cable) with hand operator.
This subclass is indented under subclass 529. Subject matter including means (e.g., a cable, lever, or
handle) for moving the lamp or lamp support about a vertical axis
or to effect the rotation of the lamp or lamp support in a substantially
horizontal plane.
A - Lamp; B - Lamp base; C - Upright; D - Car platform;E - Dashboard; F - Foot operated lever; G - Rock shaft; H - Connecting
bar; J - Brackets; K - Platform; L - Base; M - Bracker support.
Note: Foot pressure on "F"" moves the lamp "A"" from
left right or vise versa.
Machine Element or Mechanism,
subclasses 504+ for a hand operated rotatable rod, shaft, or post;
subclass 514 for a foot operated signal; and subclass 562.5 for
offset paddle elements.
This subclass is indented under subclass 529. Subject matter including (a) a horizontal pivot axis to
provide for vertical swinging of the lamp or lamp support or (b)
wherein the lamp or lamp support is pivotally mounted to tilt in
a vertical plane.
A - Lamp; B - Lamp supporting yoke; C - Lamp bracket; D- Rock shaft; E - Crank shaft; F - Movable rod; G - Pivoted arm;
H - Rod support; J - Rotatable screw; K - Operating handle
Machine Element or Mechanism,
subclasses 491+ for a hand-operated control lever and linkage system
and subclass 485 for steering and control assemblies with a rotary
control shaft.
This subclass is indented under subclass 523. Subject matter including a swiveling frame of wheels (i.e.,
a truck) under each end of a railroad car, trolley car, or locomotive
for turning the adjustable illuminating means.
A - Front wheels; B - Bolster (movement of which actuatesheadlight); C - Pivot point; D - Rear wheels; E - Connecting bar;
F - Pin; G - Pivoted lever; H - Pivot point; J - Stop nut; K - Angular
support (freely rotates); L - Headlight
This subclass is indented under subclass 534. Subject matter including (a) a wire rope, (b) a series
of usually metal links or rings connected to or fitted into one
another so as to move freely forming a flexible ligament, or (c)
an elastic device (e.g., coil or wire) between the truck and the
headlight for turning the headlight.
A - Vertical shaft (connected to lamp and sprocket wheel);B - Headlamp; C - Sprocket wheel; D - Truck; E - Bracket; F - Vertical
shaft; G, H - Sprocket wheels; J, K - Chains
This subclass is indented under subclass 534. Subject matter including at least a pair of intermeshed
toothed wheels between the truck and the headlight to turn the headlight.
A - Rail car body; B - Truck; C - Headlight; D - Gear elementto headlight; E - Meshing gear; F - Pivoted lever; G - Toothed gear;
H - Meshing gear to truck; J - Arm connected to truck
This subclass is indented under subclass 534. Subject matter including a projecting rod or piece, usually
metal, and an intermediate rod or piece between the truck and the
headlight for turning the headlight.
A - Vertical shaft connected to lamp; B - Draw bar; C - Fixedbearing; D - Vertical rock shaft; E, F, G, H - Lever and link mechanism
This subclass is indented under subclass 459. Subject matter wherein the illuminating means includes a
light source and an output light beam of the light source is converted
into a focused light beam by means of an elliptical mirror and a
convex or condensing lens so as to illuminate a relatively small
area in front of the vehicle.
A - Lamp body; B - Lens; C - Projection lamp cover; D - Lightreflecting surface; E - Lamp cover; F - Projection lamp unit; G
- Reflector; H - Bulb-lens holder; K - Projection lens
This subclass is indented under subclass 538. Subject matter comprising a diaphragm or shade plate arranged
in the reflector to create a dark-light limit line in the transmitted
light beam or for partially shading and thus contouring the reflected
light.
A - Projection unit; B - Light bulb; C - Reflector; D - Projectionlens; E - Lens holder; F - Mask or screen; G - Lamp body
Signals and Indicators,
subclasses 28+ for a vehicle-related signal or indicator, in general,
especially subclasses 35+ for a signal or indicator related
to motion or direction.
Communications: Electrical,
subclasses 425.5+ for a land vehicle alarm or indicator, subclasses
468+ for an external signal light system, subclasses 475+ for
a turn signal system, and subclasses 815.01+ for a visual
indicator.
This subclass is indented under subclass 540. Subject matter wherein the illuminating means indicates
the deceleration of the vehicle (e.g., stopping).
A - Visual lamp (brake); B - Lamp housing; C - Lamp brackets;D - Window sill; E - Lamp support block; F - Lamp lead wires
Communications: Electrical,
subclasses 471+ for a land vehicle hazard warning and distress
signaling alarm or indicator and subclass 815.37 for a signal lease.
This subclass is indented under subclass 540. Subject matter wherein the illuminating device indicates
a distress or hazard condition of the vehicle (e.g., police, fire,
ambulance).
A - Vehicle; B - Trunk; C - Trunk cover; D - Lamp housing;E - Emergency lamp; F - Lamp bracket
This subclass is indented under subclass 543. Subject matter including a single case, enclosure, or compartment
and wherein the illuminating devices are positioned within the single case,
enclosure, or compartment.
A - Common housing; B - Plural light sources or lamps
This subclass is indented under subclass 544. Subject matter wherein the light sources consist of an electrical
rectifier including a semiconductor crystal capable of producing illumination.
A - Common housing; B - Outer lens; C - Light emitting diodes;D - Mounting base; E - Mounting holes
This subclass is indented under subclass 546. Subject matter including means for transferring heat from
the interior of the housing to the exterior of the housing (e.g.,
a plurality of heat dissipating plates, an air supply passage, or
a pipe-like escape hole).
A - Headlamp assembly; B - Lamp housing; C - Dust resistantbox; D - Heat dissipating plates or ribs; E - Air circulation hoses;
F - Box cover
Electricity: Electrical Systems and Devices,
subclasses 688+ for a housing or mounting assembly with diverse
electrical components including cooling means, in general.
This subclass is indented under subclass 546. Subject matter wherein the illuminating means includes a
light source (e.g., light bulb) and the significance is attributed
to a supporting structure or an attachment means for the light source in
the housing.
A - Lamp housing; B - Outer lens; C - Bulb; D - Bulb chamber;E - Bulb socket; F - Bushing; G - Lamp bracket connected to vehicle
frame
Electrical Connectors,
subclasses 345+ for retaining means, in general; subclasses 527+ for
supporting means for a coupling part, in general; and subclass 753
for a cylindrical metallic cap and a shell-type lamp receptacle casing.
This subclass is indented under subclass 459. Subject matter wherein the illuminating means includes a
lamp and the significance is attributed to the means for supporting
the lamp or attaching the lamp to the vehicle (e.g., a coupling
assembly consisting of a hinge-like member with a pin together with
a yoke-like member).
A - Optical unit; B - Vehicle frame member; C - Mountingor retaining assembly; D - Engagement member; E - Mounting portion
(optical unit); F - Mounting holes; G - Coupling means; H - Mounting
fasteners; J - Slot engaging means; K - Mounting slot (frame unit)
Supports,
subclass 27.3 for an instrument in a panel having biased clip holding
means, subclass 289.1 for a adjustable bracket with vertical pivot, subclass
291 for an adjustable bracket with horizontal pivot, and subclass 310
for a base-engaging article holding means.
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Subject matter including a long, thin, flexible wire or
tube of ultra-pure glass, plastic, or other transparent material,
having a central core of higher refractive index than the outer cladding,
capable of conducting modulated light signals by total internal
reflection, transmitting light or sharp images along any desired path.
Figure 1: A typical example of the subject matter. LIGHTFIBER: A - Fiber-optic strand; B - Needle; C - Branch trunk; LIGHT
ROD: A - Light source; B - Light rod (guide); C - Input end; D -
Integral reflector; E - Reflector receives light from "A";
F - Focus; LIGHT PIPE: A - Light pipe; B - Light inlet; C - First
reflecting surface; D - Second reflecting surface; E - Second section;
F - Third reflecting surface; G - Third section; H - Fourth section;
J - Outlet surface
This subclass is indented under subclass 551. Subject matter comprising a diaphragm disc, a vane, or
a light deflector placed in the optical path of a focused light
beam from a constant-intensity light source to regulate the luminous density
or luminous flux of the focused light beam, or to provide regulated
transient illumination.
Figure 1: A typical example of the subject matter. A- Multi-element light source; B - Optical axis; C - Lens; D - Integrator
rod; E, F - Energy profile curves; G - Target with intensity distribution
Computer Graphics Processing and Selective Visual
Display Systems,
subclass 63 for display elements arranged in a matrix having
fluid light emitter including intensity control.
Optical: Systems and Elements,
subclasses 823+ for a lens with an adjustable focus including electromagnetic or
piezoelectric drive or focusing ring or sliding barrel.
This subclass is indented under subclass 551. Subject matter comprising a device for producing a high
intensity, coherent, monochromatic beam of light.
Figure 1: A typical example of the subject matter. A- Laser (source or light); B - Beam of collimated light; C -
Focusing lens; D - Entrance end; E - Single optical fiber; F - Exit
end; G - Fiber-optic image transmitting element; H - Entrance face
of "G"; J - Illuminated spot; K - Exit face of "G";
L - Light-emitting spot; M - Objective lens; N - Cone of light leaving "M";
P - Image of spot "J"; Q - Image plane; R -
Supporting surface of base "S"; S - Base; T, V,
W - Mounting means for laser "A"
(1)
Note. The laser is a device for generating a very narrow,
intense beam of coherent light. The name is derived from the initial
letters of "Light Amplification by Stimulated Emission of Radiation."
In the emission of ordinary light, the molecules or atoms of the
source emit their radiation independently of each other, and consequently
there is no definite phase relationship among the vibrations in
the resultant beam. The light is incoherent. The laser, by means
of an optical resonator, focuses the atoms of the material within
the resonator, to radiate in phase. The emitted radiation is stimulated
by the excitation of atoms to a higher energy level by means of
energy supplied to the device.
This subclass is indented under subclass 551. Subject matter comprising a band or group of mostly parallel,
small-diameter flexible wires made of glass, plastic, or other similar
transparent material.
Figure 1: A typical example of the subject matter. A- Fiber-optic bundle; B, C - Individual optical fiber filaments
for conducting and emitting and output light; D - Housing body has
a thin elongated line "E" of splayed output ends
of "B" on a face of a block "J";
F - Polishing face of block "J"; G - Single lens;
H - Light source; J - Block; P - Desired light pattern
This subclass is indented under subclass 551. Subject matter comprising a two-electrode semiconductor
device emitting incoherent optical radiation when biased by a voltage
in a forward direction.
Figure 1: A typical example of the subject matter. A- Light emitting panel; B - Sleeve; C, D - Terminals serve to supply
current to "A"; E - Light guide or rod of optical
fiber; F - Incandescent lamp; G - Color filter; H - Lamp socket;
J - Diffusion disc
Active Solid-State Devices (e.g., Transistors,
Solid-State Diodes),
subclass 98 for an incoherent light emitter structure with
a reflector, opaque mask, or optical element.
This subclass is indented under subclass 554. Subject matter wherein the significance is attributed
to the makeup of the optical fiber itself.
A - Light emitting panel; B - Emitter surface made of layers "C" and "D" woveninto sheet of fiber-optic material "E"; C, D,
E - Layers made of woven sheet of fiber-optic material; F, G - Fill
threads of cotton fiber; H - Plurality of bends of optical fiber
acting as diffuser; J - Reflector; K - Coating with different refractive
index; L - Lenticular film for shifting the light rays; M - Flat front
of emitting surface
Optical Waveguides,
subclasses 31+ for an input/output coupler, subclasses
39+ for a particular coupling structure, and subclasses
100+ for an optical transmission cable.
This subclass is indented under subclass 551. Subject matter comprising a circuit or device wherein
the capability of producing an effect in the circuit is derived
from a generative force or stimulus other than electricity.
Figure 1: A typical example of the subject matter. A- Fiber optic strands; B - Handle; C - Strand out tip; D - Handle
ball tip; E - Light body or light-permeable material; F - Light
body outer surface; G - Light cartridge unit; H - Built-in sliding
sheath fully retracted (Ret.)
Optical: Systems and Elements,
subclasses 591+ for a building interior illumination with a reflected, refracted,
or predetermined angle of entrance of outside light.
This subclass is indented under subclass 551. Subject matter comprising a solid, internally microfissured
transparent resin or similar material molded into optical emission
shape for deflecting heat but transmitting the concentrated light
rays for shadowless, uniform illumination of the object.
Figure 1: A typical example of the subject matter. A- Lamp house; B - Reflector-type projection lamp; C - Fiber-optic
cable; D - Removable housing top; E - Light rays from "C";
F - Negative beam diverging lens to shape and direct "E";
G - Hemispherical diffuser; H - Exit light rays; J - Interior walls
of "K"; K - Conical reflector; L - Convex surface
of "G"; M - Concave surface of "G";
P - Video camera for viewing "N"; Q - Off-axis
viewing port in "G"; R - Off-axis viewing port
in "K"
This subclass is indented under subclass 551. Subject matter comprising an optical system designed to
distribute light for visible representation of characters of information
such as a manufacturer"s advertising information or a marker
on a runaway.
Figure 1: A typical example of the subject matter. A- Light fixture housing; B - Rectangular plateau; C - Slot provides
clearance channel for light rays from "B"; D - Wedge
slot; E - Recessed area in "B"; F - Central main bore;
G - Counter bore; H - Bore in the deck; J - Metal tubing; K - fiber-optic
rod; L - Exit window; M - Potting material made of rubber; N, P
- Circular groove with gasket ring; Q - Metal cover plate
This subclass is indented under subclass 559. Subject matter wherein the visual display, usually having
a filament lamp, a mercury-vapor lamp, or similar light source,
is associated with a metal sheet or screen used as a mirror for intercepting
light rays from the light source.
Optical: Systems and Elements,
subclass 599 for diffusing of incident light and subclass 889
for an absorption filter movable in or out of the optical path.
This subclass is indented under subclass 559. Subject matter comprising (a digital or alphanumeric)
exhibit made of material whose reflectance or transmittance changes
in response to an electric field.
Figure 1: A typical example of the subject matter. A- Display panel; B - Laser beam; C - Fiber-optic backlighting in "A";
D - Reflective backing; E - Layer of optical fibers; F - Clear plastic;
G - Layer of adhesive; H - Diffuser foam; J - Sheet of plastic
wrapped around all layers
This subclass is indented under subclass 551. Subject matter comprising a light source supplying illumination
to a vessel (e.g., a swimming pool spa) containing gas or liquid.
Figure 1: A typical example of the subject matter. A- Pressure vessel; B - Lighting unit; C - Pressure vessel wall;
D - Vessel interior; E - Light rod or pipe; F - Light source; G
- Power supply cable; H - Fixture or flange retainer; J, K - Mounting
bracket; L - Vessel support
Nuclear Technology, digest 235 for a structural combination of a reactor core
or a moderator structure with illuminating means for viewing the internal
structure.
This subclass is indented under subclass 551. Subject matter wherein the light energy emitted from the
fiber, rod, or pipe is effectively dispersed as a photosynthesizing
light source in order to nurture a plant or to illuminate a plant with
indirect, substantially glare-free, directional lighting.
Figure 1: A typical example of the subject matter. A- Plant box; B - Box partition or false bottom to support plant;
C - Upper box cavity or planter; D - Lower box cavity or light chamber;
E, F, G, H - Light conductive pipes or rods each having lower light
receiving edge and upper light emitting edge; J - Light source;
K - Soil level. Note: The upper light emitting edges protrude above
the level "K" of the top soil and face the plant
to be illuminated.
Optical: Systems and Elements,
subclasses 597+ for building interior illumination with reflection
including internal reflection in a single optical element.
This subclass is indented under subclass 563. Subject matter comprising a light source adapted for illuminating
a perennial woody plant, having an erect stem or trunk and a well developed
crown or leaf canopy.
Figure 1: A typical example of the subject matter. A- Tree cultivated by light rays emitted from "B" as
a light source performing photosynthesis reaction; B - Transparent
cylinder; C - Optical conductor; D - Transparent optical means can
be moved up and down through differential pressure of "F";
E - Liquid pump; F - Optical oil; G - Base or foundation. Note:
Liquid rays transmitted through "C" are emitted
into "B" from light emitting edge of "C"
This subclass is indented under subclass 551. Subject matter wherein the fiber, rod, or pipe is adapted
to provide the beauty or elegance.
Figure 1: A typical example of the subject matter. A- Base housing; B - Side panel; C - Top wall of "A";
D, E - Spray assembly and structure to simulate musical staff;
F - Socket; G - Optical fiber bundle; H - Fan to move or sway optical
fibers
This subclass is indented under subclass 565. Subject matter comprising a light source with a plurality
of elongated, shaped elements having a central ornament.
Figure 1: A typical example of the subject matter. A- Star; B - Arm carries optical fibers; C - Hub; D - Central housing
to supply power; E - Hanger
Card, Picture, or Sign Exhibiting, appropriate subclasses for movable display exhibitors
or those with the illusion of motion, and with illuminating means.
Stock Material or Miscellaneous Articles,
subclass 3 for a religious artifact, in general (e.g., cruciform);
and subclass 11 for a ball, bell, or star-shaped special occasion
ornament, in general.
This subclass is indented under subclass 565. Subject matter comprising an ornamental structure of transparent
or translucent material formed as an artificial perennial woody
plant, flower, or other similar artistic object.
Figure 1: A typical example of the subject matter. A- Base of the tree; B - Backstop comprises four triangular members "C," "D," "E," and "F";
C, D, E, F - Triangular members disposed to form a pyramidal structure with
wide base "G" and narrow apex "H";
G - Wide base; H - Narrow apex
Stock Material or Miscellaneous Articles,
subclasses 18+ for a three-dimensional imitation tree and subclasses
24+ for an imitation flower or flower petal.
This subclass is indented under subclass 567. Subject matter wherein the ornamental structure is an
artificial perennial plant adapted for use as a Christmas tree.
Figure 1: A typical example of the subject matter. A- Base; B - Simulated tree trunk; C - Container; D - Electrical
switch; E - Front wall; F - Pivotable door; G, H - Tubular trunk
members; J - Mounting collar; K, L, M, N - Landings or shoulders;
P - Branch
This subclass is indented under subclass 565. Subject matter wherein the ornamental or decorative structure
is shaped to imitate the flame of a wax cylinder containing a wick.
Figure 1: A typical example of the subject matter. A- Hollow cylindrical candlestick member; B - Hollow base member;
C - Dish-shaped core portion; D - Oval supporting member with handle "E";
E - Handle; F - Core of "A" with upper end "G";
G - Upper end; H - Lower end of core "F"; J -
Base of candlestick member; K - Outer threaded portion of bulb "L";
L - Electric bulb
This subclass is indented under subclass 551. Subject matter comprising a garment, covering, or clothing,
intended to be worn by a person or a harness to be worn by an animal,
combined with a light distribution system adapted for distributing
a pattern of light over the garment, covering, clothing, or harness.
Figure 1: A typical example of the subject matter. A- Wig; B - Outer hairy surface; C - Lamp; D - Switch; E - Battery
assembly; F - Electrical terminal; G - Bulb socket; H, J, K - Electrical
leads; L - Plurality of light conducting optical fibers integrated
into wig; M - Cylindrical light directing structure
This subclass is indented under subclass 570. Subject matter including a light source combined with
an article generally composed of precious stone or metal or of an
analogous nature or imitation of the same and intended to be worn
upon the person as an ornament.
Figure 1: A typical example of the subject matter. A- Jewelry pin; B - Central decorative dome; C, D - Array of optical
fibers projecting radially from "B"; E - Outer tips
of optical fibers angled to face away from the person wearing the
pin
This subclass is indented under subclass 551. Subject matter comprising a source of illumination for
providing illumination to parts of a living being for the purpose
of examining or treating the body of the living being.
Figure 1: A typical example of the subject matter. A- Light source; B - Light pipe; C - Pipe end in optical communication
with "A"; D - Distal end in optical communication
with "E"; E - Beam shaping optics; F - First light
pipe section; H, J - Tethered light pipe section secured to surgeon"s
head
This subclass is indented under subclass 572. Subject matter comprising a light source especially adapted
for treatment wherein the body part is an oral cavity of the living
being.
Figure 1: A typical example of the subject matter. A- Dental handpiece; B - Handle; C - Chuck portion; D - Dental drill;
E - Head; F - Spring clip; G - Fiber-optic light transmitters; H
- Transition section; J - Spring clip; K - Unitary fiber-optic transmitter;
L - Coupler; M - Light source housing; N - Fitting; P - High intensity lamp;
Q - Condensing lens; R - Filter; S - Cooling fan; T - Louvers;
V - Lamp control
This subclass is indented under subclass 572. Subject matter wherein the body part is a body cavity
or hollow organ.
Figure 1: A typical example of the subject matter. A- Endoscope; B - Light source unit; C - Adapter; D - Control section;
E - Flexible guide cable with fiber bundle; F - Light guide cable
with fiber bundle; G - Eyepiece; H, J, K - Connector assembly; L
- Projected pipe with light guide; M - Electrical contracts; N -
Socket
This subclass is indented under subclass 572. Subject matter comprising a lighting device capable of
lighting a surface of an observed section of a magnified specimen
sample.
Figure 1: A typical example of the subject matter. A- Microscope; B - Objective to observe object "C";
C - Object; D - Table; E - Illuminator; F - Light source operates
with "G" and "H"; G - Reflector;
H - Lens; J - Light receiving surface; K - Fiber-optic bundle; L
- Sleeve; M - Plurality of optical fiber strands; N - Spider support
This subclass is indented under subclass 551. Subject matter comprising a light source combined with
a component of a constructed stationary body.
Figure 1: A typical example of the subject matter. A- Fiber-optic light guide; B - First end receiving light from remote
source; C - Tubular housing; D - Optical axis; E - Proximal end
with "F"; F - Light guide retaining means; G -
Light emitting end; H - Distal end holding "J";
J - Lens-holding bezel; K - Optical element; L - Light emitted by "A";
M - Collimated beam light formed by "A" on "D";
N - Mirror mount bracket; P - Mirror reflects "M";
Q - Transverse beam of light formed from "M";
R - Ceiling panel
Static Structures (e.g., Buildings),
subclass 28 for an artificial illumination means and subclasses
306+ for a visible translucent block or embedded component.
This subclass is indented under subclass 551. Combined with a device readily carried or moved by a human
being whose function is to perform or assist in the performance
of a specific operation.
Figure 1: A typical example of the subject matter. A- Umbrella stick with coaxial light conductors; B - Cover (inner
light conductors supply light to the central region of the cover);
C - Rib with light conductors; D - Struts; E - Slide; F - Handle
comprises optical means (battery, light bulb, reflector and a lens);
G - Light spreading top spike; H - Light spreading top spike; J
- Optical axis; K - Manually slidable control button
This subclass is indented under subclass 577. Subject matter comprising a work-illuminating tool consisting
of a thin, wedge-shaped or fluted end wherein the illuminating means
is incorporated to project a beam of light upon the work upon which
the tool is being used.
Figure 1: A typical example of the subject matter. A- Casing; B - Chamber; C - Removable cap; D - Handle; E - Spring
in electrical engagement with "F" and "G";
F, G - Dry cell; H - Plastic plug; J - Axial bore socket; K - Screw
driver provided with convex reflective surface "L";
L - Convex reflective surface; M, N - Spring and reflector plate
to hold bulb
This subclass is indented under subclass 577. Subject matter comprising a pen or pencil having a self-contained
light source or a combined flashlight and pen or pencil holder.
Figure 1: A typical example of the subject matter. A- Metal elongated casing; B - Dry cell; C - Translucent plug; D
- Annular groove or stop; E - Light bulb; F - Spring; G - Pencil
sub
for an implement or hand-held holder used by a barber
which may include a cutting tool in combination with a writing tool
and may include a light source.
Signals and Indicators, digest 5 for a signal or indicator using a light
guide and digest 36 for a signal or indicator having an illuminated
dial or pointer.
Coating Implements With Material Supply,
subclasses 104+ for a clasp or a pocket clip associated with project-retract
means which may include a light source.
This subclass is indented under subclass 551. Subject matter wherein heat is dissipated from the source
of illumination by a heat sink either by flowing air, by a plurality
of heat dissipating plates, or by a plurality of pipe-like escape holes.
Figure 1: A typical example of the subject matter. A- High intensity light source; B - Reflector; C - Housing wall with
aperture "D"; D - Aperture; E - Light conduit (fiber-optic
bundle); F - End to receive high intensity light source "A";
G - Remote end through which light is transmitted at an angle "alpha";
H - Impeller with vanes "J"; J - Vanes to displace
air heated by "A"; K - Motor to drive impeller "H";
L - Lead wire; M - Power supply
This subclass is indented under subclass 551. Subject matter wherein significance is attributed to a
supporting structure or attachment means for the light source.
Figure 1: A typical example of the subject matter. A- Clamping assembly with support plate "B"; B
- Support plate; C - Clamping block; D - Illumination device; E
- Housing; F, G - Housing optic bundles; H - Fiber-optic bundles;
J, K - Housing top and bottom plates; L - Housing end wall; M -
Opening for fiber bundles "H"; N - Aperture plate
with aperture "P"; P - Aperture; Q - Polarizer
Optical Waveguides,
subclasses 88+ for an optical fiber to a nonfiber-optical device
connector and subclasses 138+ for an external retainer
clamp or fiber holder.
This subclass is indented under subclass 551. Subject matter wherein significance is attributed to a
substance used in making the optical fiber, rod, or pipe.
Optical Waveguides,
subclasses 123+ for an optical fiber waveguide with cladding material,
in general; and subclasses 141+ for an optical fiber waveguide
having a particular optical characteristic modifying a chemical position.
This subclass is indented under subclass 551. Subject matter comprising variable colored light indicating
means for projecting individually, sequentially, or simultaneously
different colored beams of light.
Figure 1: A typical example of the subject matter. A- Color wheel; B - Motor unit; C - Wheel shaft; D - Fiber-optic
cable; E - Display
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Subject matter comprising a light source or support therefor
combined with a light transmissive material in the form of a solid
having two opposite surfaces with overall dimensions very much greater
than the distance between them and having at least one narrow surface (i.e.,
"edge") joining the two opposite surfaces and exposed to light from
the source, such that light from the source enters the material through
the narrow surface and is transmitted within the material by internal
reflections from the opposite surfaces or by nodal transmission.
This subclass is indented under subclass 600. Subject matter comprising a panel or panels emitting
light of different wavelengths including a light source or support
therefor combined with a light transmissive material in the form
of a solid having two opposite surfaces with overall dimensions
very much greater than the distance between them and having at least
one narrow surface (i.e., "edge") joining the two opposite surfaces
and exposed to light from the source such that light from the source
enters the material through the narrow surface and is transmitted
within the material by internal reflections from the opposite surfaces
or by nodal transmission.
This subclass is indented under subclass 602. Subject matter wherein the particular application is
to provide uniform illumination from the viewing side of the edge
lighted panel.
(1)
Note. The light output face is opposite the viewing face.
This subclass is indented under subclass 602. Subject matter wherein the particular application is
illuminating a document, picture, map, graph or a similar item to
be viewed.
This subclass is indented under subclass 600. Subject matter wherein one of the opposite surfaces of
the light transmissive material is the main surface through which
light is emitted and includes at least one means for optically changing
the light emitted through the main surface.
This subclass is indented under subclass 606. Subject matter wherein the light source has at least
two means for optically changing the light emitted through the main
surface.
This subclass is indented under subclass 600. Subject matter wherein the light source has at least
one means for optically changing the light entering the material
through the narrow surface.
This subclass is indented under subclass 608. Subject matter wherein the light modifier means is a
device, which redirects incident light back into a medium.
This subclass is indented under subclass 608. Subject matter wherein the light modifier is a transparent,
relatively elongated surface that transmits light rays from one
point to another within the confines of its outer surface or surfaces
by internal reflections.
This subclass is indented under subclass 600. Subject matter wherein an element (e.g., filament) or
material (e.g., neon), which converts energy into visible radiant
energy and/or the essential container of such an element
or material, i.e., a light source envelope including the envelope
base (e.g., light bulb, fluorescent tube).
(1)
Note. Unless otherwise specified, a light source is assumed
to be a point source.
(2)
Note. For purposes of classification within this class, nominal
recitations such as "light unit," "lamp," "headlight," etc.,
are assumed to denote only a light source.
This subclass is indented under subclass 611. Subject matter comprising a two-electrode semiconductor
device emitting incoherent optical radiation when biased by a voltage
in a forward direction.
This subclass is indented under subclass 611. Subject matter wherein the source of light is a gaseous
material having a phosphor envelope which emits visible light when
irradiated by invisible radiation.
This subclass is indented under subclass 600. Subject matter comprising a light transmitting material
having a relatively narrow surface or side disposed adjacent to
a light source.
This subclass is indented under subclass 617. Subject matter wherein an optically transmissive covering
or layer has been applied to the emission face of the light guide.
This subclass is indented under subclass 617. Subject matter wherein the exterior or upper boundary
of the emission face has been modified for an optical purpose.
This subclass is indented under subclass 619. Subject matter wherein the exterior or upper boundary
of the emission face has been modified for an optical purpose with
the shape of pyramid or triangle.
This subclass is indented under subclass 621. Subject matter wherein an optically transmissive covering
or layer has been applied to the incident face of the light guide.
This subclass is indented under subclass 615. Subject matter wherein the top or bottom surface of the
light guide redirects the light back into the light guide.
This subclass is indented under subclass 623. Subject matter wherein an optically transmissive covering
or layer has been applied to the reflective face of the light guide.
This subclass is indented under subclass 623. Subject matter wherein the exterior or upper boundary
of the reflective face has been modified for an optical purpose.
This subclass is indented under subclass 625. Subject matter wherein the exterior or upper boundary
of the reflective face has been modified for an optical purpose
with the shape of a pyramid or triangle.
This subclass is indented under subclass 615. Subject matter wherein the light guide has physical properties
or specific substances added for optical purposes.
This subclass is indented under subclass 630. Subject matter comprising an insulating panel wherein
conductors are applied thereto by coating, laminating, or bonding
in such a manner that the conductors are permanently attached to the
panel are included in the means for conducting electrical current
in the edge lighted panel.
This subclass is indented under subclass 632. Subject matter wherein the illumination device is supported
by skeletal-type beams forming an open frame or support.
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Subject matter comprising an electric light source or an
electric light source support and a housing or modifier for the
light source mutually supported by electrical connector means, which
are quickly attachable to and removable from an electric circuit.
This subclass is indented under subclass 640. Subject matter comprising a light source with a housing
and/or modifier, the housing and/or modifier may
leave the light source exposed or substantially enclose the light
source, a male plug connector electrically connected to the light
source and fitted to engage a wall outlet plug to provide low-level
illumination of a room at night.
This subclass is indented under subclass 641. Subject matter including a device that responds to a
physical stimulus and transmits a control signal to the light source.
Radiant Energy,
subclass 216 for a photocell type sensor that includes means
(i.e., ambient light, optical or pre-photocell system) for illuminating
the photocell and subclass 227.11 for subject matter with an optical
or pre-photocell system including a light conductor (e.g., optical
fiber or rod).
Chemical Apparatus and Process Disinfecting, Deodorizing,
Preserving, or Sterilizing,
subclass 120 for deodorizing of, or chemical purification of,
life sustaining environmental gas, per se.
This subclass is indented under subclass 640. Subject matter having a means (e.g., gasket) filling
the space between two adjacent elements to prevent matter on one
side of the elements from passing between them to the other side.
This subclass is indented under subclass 640. Subject matter comprising an insulating panel wherein
conductors are applied thereto by coating, laminating, or bonding
in such a manner that the conductors are permanently attached to the
panel are included in the means for conducting electrical current
in the quick disconnect-type light unit.
This subclass is indented under subclass 640. Subject matter whereby specific means are used to join
or fasten together in the quick disconnect-type light unit.
This subclass is indented under subclass 647. Subject matter indented comprising positionable light
fixtures electrically connected to pairs of rail conductors.
This subclass is indented under subclass 647. Subject matter the specific connecting or fastening comprises
rotating or revolving around an axis or center.
This subclass is indented under subclass 649. Subject matter including a helically ribbed portion adapted
to interfit with a portion of a mating part by relative rotation
and corresponding axial advance.
This subclass is indented under subclass 649. Subject matter having a coupling part designed to be
brought into interfitting relationship with a mating part by a first
movement along its greatest axis extent and then by a movement about
the central axis of the coupling part with respect to the mating
part.
Electrical Connectors,
subclass 332 for bayonet coupling part movable about its axis
in coupling movement actuating means or retaining means in addition
to contact of coupling part.
This subclass is indented under subclass 647. Subject matter whereby a coupling part is adapted to
connect or join a mating part by pure rectilinear movement relative
thereto.
Electrical Connectors,
subclass 344 for push-pull contacts (e.g., telephone jack or
plug) in coupling movement actuating means or retaining means in addition
to contact of coupling part.
This subclass is indented under subclass 652. Subject matter comprising means to secure a coupling
part in electrical current carrying relationship in the push to
engage light unit or to secure another member which in turn holds
the coupling part in electric current carrying relationship in the
push to engage light unit.
This subclass is indented under subclass 652. Subject matter including a plug adapted to enter a receptacle
(i.e., socket) and make an electrical connection.
Electrical Connectors,
subclass 617 for plug having spaced longitudinally engaging
prong-like contacts in vitreous-type envelope (e.g., base of lamp).
CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS
The following subclasses are collections of cross-references
of published disclosures pertaining to various specified aspects
of the illuminating art which aspects do not form appropriate bases
for subclasses in the fore-going classification (i.e., subclasses
superior hereto in the schedule). These subclasses assist a search
based on remote function of the apparatus and may be of further assistance
to the searcher as a starting point in further related fields of
search either inside or outside the class. Thus, there is here
provided a second access for retrieval of a limited number of types
of disclosure.
(1)
Note. Disclosures are placed in these subclasses for their
value as references and as leads to appropriate main or secondary
fields of search without regard to their original classification.
(2)
Note. The disclosures cross-referenced into the following
subclasses are examples only of the indicated subject matter, and
in no instance do they represent the entire extent of the prior
art.
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Devices including a potential barrier between two materials,
one of which is a semiconductor, wherein the device is designed
to emit light.
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Devices including means to complete or break a circuit operable
other than by a human or animal and as a function of position or
condition.
(1)
Note. Included herein are devices of a portable nature.
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Devices designed to give a nonactinic light for use in photographers" dark
rooms.
(1)
Note. Included herein are light units which include a light
source which emits light which could produce a chemical change (actinic)
combined with a medium which blocks or absorbs actinic radiations
but passes nonactinic radiations.
(2)
Note. Light sensitive material, such as photographic film,
may undergo a chemical change as a function of the exposing light
intensity or frequency (color). An illuminator that allows "safe"
exposure of one specific light sensitive material without unwanted
chemical changes may not be "safe" for a different material.
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Devices intended to cast a beam of high intensity light
onto a person or animal for therapeutic or diagnostic purposes.
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Devices designed to give a pleasing effect to the eye and
combined with a light source or light source support.
Card, Picture, or Sign Exhibiting, appropriate subclasses for illuminated objects of
the class type, especially for movable objects that are intended
for advertising displays or exhibits.
for devices which include independent static structure
with either (a) five or more points that represent a star, or (b)
a figure with an upright bar traversed by a horizontal bar, and combined
with a light source or light source support.
Stock Material or Miscellaneous Articles,
subclass 3 for a religious artifact, such as a cruciform,
per se; and subclass 12 for a star-shaped special occasion ornament,
per se.
The definitions below correspond to abolished subclasses
from which these collections were formed. See the Foreign Art Collection
schedule of this class for specific correspondences. [Note:
The titles and definitions for indented art collections include
all the details of the one(s) that are hierarchically superior.]
Foreign art collection comprising a light source
or support therefor combined with a light transmissive material
in the form of a solid having two opposite surfaces with overall
dimensions very much greater than the distance between them and
having at least one narrow surface (i.e., "edge") joining the two
opposite surfaces and exposed to light from the source, such that
light from the source enters the material through the narrow surface
and is transmitted within the material by internal reflections from
the opposite surfaces or by nodal transmission.
Foreign art collection comprising an electric light
source or an electric light source support and a housing or modifier
for the light source mutually supported by electrical connector
means which are quickly attachable to and removable from an electric
circuit.
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