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November 6, 2008 DOL Home > ESA > WHD > FMLA > The 2000 survey report

Wage and Hour Division (WHD)

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APPENDIX A-2

CHAPTER 2 TABLES NOT DISPLAYED IN TEXT

Table A2-2.1. Number of Leaves Taken:
1995 and 2000 Surveys

Number	Percent of Leave-Takers
Number	1995 Survey	2000 Survey
1	73.8%	75.2%
2	16.3%	14.5%
3 or more	10.0%	10.2%

Note: Column percents may not total to 100% due to rounding.
Source: 1995 and 2000 Survey of Employees.

Table A2-2.2. Length of Longest Leave: 1995 and 2000 Surveys

Length of Longest Leave	Percent of Leave-Takers
Length of Longest Leave	1995 Survey	2000 Survey
1- 3 days	10.0%	12.3%
4 – 5 days	24.4%	21.5%
6 – 10 days	20.2%	20.3%
11 – 20 days	12.7%	12.1%
21 – 30 days	8.0%	6.8%
31 – 40 days	7.4%	7.9%
41 – 60 days	8.0%	9.2%
More than 60 days	9.3%	9.9%
Number of Leave-Takers	20,359,640	23,830,305

Note: Column percents may not total to 100% due to rounding.
Source: 1995 and 2000 Survey of Employees.

Table A2-2.3. Reason for Leave Within Length of Leave Groups: 2000 Survey

	Percent of Leave-Takers Within Each Length Category (Row Percent)
Length of Longest Leave**	Own Health	Maternity-Disability	Care for Newborn, Newly Adopted or Foster Child	Care for Ill Child	Care for Ill Spouse	Care for Ill Parent	Number of Leave-Takers
1 – 3 days	33.2%	--	15.6%	22.0%	11.6%	16.9%	2,888,266
4 – 5 days	37.3%	--	23.1%	10.8%	10.0%	16.8%	5,037,080
6 – 10 days	43.4%	--	15.8%	15.5%	5.5%	17.2%	4,760,928
11 – 30 days	61.9%	7.4%	12.8%	7.3%	--	7.8%	4,444,064
31 – 60 days	53.1%	18.1%	22.9%	--	--	--	3,990,431
More than 60 days	53.7%	22.5%	17.8%	--	--	--	2,316,369

** Difference across length of leave groups is significant at p<.05.
-- Indicates less than 10 unweighted cases.
Note: Row percents may not total to 100% due to rounding.
Source: 2000 Survey of Employees

Table A2-2.4. Demographic Characteristics of Leave-Takers Versus Other Employees:
2000 Survey

	Percent of Leave-Takers	Percent of Other Employees	Percent of All Employees
Gender**
Male	41.9%	53.2%	51.3%
Female	58.1%	46.8%	48.7%
Age**
18 – 24	10.0%	15.8%	14.8%
25 – 34	27.8%	21.8%	22.8%
35 – 49	39.7%	39.5%	39.6%
50 – 64	20.4%	19.7%	19.8%
65 or over	2.1%	3.2%	3.0%
Race/Ethnicity
White non-Hispanic	76.2%	78.2%	77.9%
Black non-Hispanic	10.6%	9.4%	9.6%
Hispanic	8.2%	7.0%	7.2%
Asian	2.2%	2.9%	2.8%
All others	2.8%	2.5%	2.6%
Marital Status**
Married/Living with partner	75.0%	65.7%	67.2%
Separated/Divorced/Widowed	12.7%	10.1%	10.5%
Never been married	12.3%	24.2%	22.3%
Children Under 18 in Household**
None	40.4%	63.3%	59.5%
One or more	59.6%	36.7%	40.5%
Education
Less than high school	5.9%	5.1%	5.2%
High school graduate	27.9%	30.0%	29.6%
Some college	32.8%	27.7%	28.6%
College graduate	22.2%	26.2%	25.5%
Graduate school	11.2%	11.0%	11.1%
Annual Family Income
Less than $20,000	14.9%	16.4%	16.2%
$20,000 to less than $30,000	12.4%	14.0%	13.7%
$30,000 to less than $50,000	25.5%	24.8%	25.0%
$50,000 to less than $75,000	25.7%	22.5%	23.1%
$75,000 to less than $100,000	11.3%	12.2%	12.1%
$100,000 or more	10.2%	10.0%	10.0%
Compensation Type
Salaried	36.4%	37.4%	37.3%
Hourly	54.5%	50.8%	51.4%
Other	9.1%	11.8%	11.3%
Population Totals	23,830,305	120,188,991	144,019,296

** Difference between leave-takers and other employees is significant at p<.05.
Note: Column percents may not total to 100% due to rounding.
Source: 2000 Survey of Employees.

Table A2-2.5. Demographic Characteristics of Leave-Takers: 1995 and 2000 Surveys

	Percent of Leave-Takers
	1995 Survey	2000 Survey
Gender
Male	43.8%	41.9%
Female	56.2%	58.1%
Age
18 – 24	11.1%	10.0%
25 – 34	30.1%	27.8%
35 – 49	40.8%	39.7%
50 – 64**	15.1%	20.4%
65 or over	2.9%	2.1%
Race/Ethnicity
White non-Hispanic	78.2%	76.2%
Black non-Hispanic	10.9%	10.6%
Hispanic	8.9%	8.2%
Asian	NA	2.2%
All others	2.0%	2.8%
Marital Status
Married/Living with partner*	70.9%	75.0%
Separated/Divorced/Widowed*	16.4%	12.7%
Never been married	12.7%	12.3%
Children Under 18 in Household
None*	45.5%	40.4%
One or more*	54.5%	59.6%
Education
Less than high school**	10.3%	5.9%
High school graduate	26.8%	27.9%
Some college	29.5%	32.8%
College graduate	19.5%	22.2%
Graduate school	13.8%	11.2%
Annual Family Income
Less than $20,000*	18.8%	14.9%
$20,000 to less than $30,000**	18.3%	12.4%
$30,000 to less than $50,000**	30.6%	25.5%
$50,000 to less than $75,000**	19.0%	25.7%
$75,000 to less than $100,000	8.8%	11.3%
$100,000 or more**	4.5%	10.2%
Compensation Type
Salaried	36.5%	36.4%
Hourly	54.5%	54.5%
Other	9.0%	9.1%
Number of Leave-Takers	20,359,640	23,830,305

* Difference between 1995 and 2000 is significant at p<.10.
** Difference between 1995 and 2000 is significant at p<.05.
NA Indicates Asian was not a race category in the 1995 survey. Asians are included in "All others."
Note: Column percents may not total to 100% due to rounding.
Source: 1995 and 2000 Survey of Employees.

Table A2-2.6. Reasons for All Leaves Taken Within Demographic Groups: 2000 Survey

	Percent of Leave-Takers in Each Demographic Category that Took at Least One Leave for Following Reasons(1)
	Own Health	Maternity-Disability	Care for Newborn, Newly Adopted or Foster Child	Care for Ill Child	Care for Ill Spouse	Care for Ill Parent
Gender
Male	57.6%**	&	22.8%*	10.4%	7.5%	11.0%
Female	48.6%	13.6%	15.3%	12.2%	5.5%	14.5%
Age
18 – 24	57.1%**	24.2%	20.9%**	-- **	-- **	-- **
25 – 34	34.9%	13.5%	40.0%	10.7%	3.4%	6.9%
35 – 49	54.7%	4.5%	10.0%	18.1%	6.1%	16.6%
50 or over	67.7%	&	--	4.5%	12.4%	15.8%
Race/Ethnicity
White non-Hispanic	52.3%	7.4%	18.4%	10.1%	6.3%	14.5%**
Black non-Hispanic	62.4%	9.6%	10.2%	22.4%	--	10.4%
Hispanic	42.1%	10.2%	31.5%	--	--	--
All others	49.0%	--	16.3%	--	--	--
Marital Status
Married/Living with partner	47.7%**	8.9%	22.4%**	9.9%	7.9%	12.1%
Separated/Divorced/Widowed	61.2%	--	--	19.1%	--	15.1%
Never been married	70.3%	7.3%	9.8%	13.6%	&	15.8%
Children Under 18 in Household
None	70.3%**	-- **	5.7%**	3.5%**	8.3%**	18.5%**
One or more	40.1%	13.2%	27.1%	16.9%	5.0%	9.3%
Education
High school graduate or less	59.8%**	8.9%	15.6%	11.0%	6.4%	11.0%**
Some college	56.3%	7.1%	15.0%	13.1%	5.7%	11.3%
College graduate	46.4%	8.0%	24.7%	10.5%	6.2%	12.5%
Graduate school	29.4%	7.4%	24.9%	10.0%	8.6%	25.5%
Annual Family Income
Less than $20,000	55.4%**	17.7%**	15.5%*	11.0%	--	12.4%
$20,000 to less than $30,000	62.2%	--	13.4%	12.9%	--	11.2%
$30,000 to less than $50,000	61.5%	6.8%	13.0%	16.8%	5.6%	10.9%
$50,000 to less than $75,000	47.2%	9.8%	17.7%	8.9%	8.2%	15.7%
$75,000 to less than $100,000	40.4%	8.8%	25.4%	8.1%	5.4%	15.0%
$100,000 or more	38.3%	--	41.0%	9.7%	--	14.6%
Compensation Type
Salaried	41.8%**	6.5%	24.7%**	9.6%	8.9%**	15.6%*
Hourly	60.1%	9.3%	14.4%	12.8%	5.0%	10.5%
Other	47.2%	--	18.0%	11.3%	--	18.1%

(1) Rows do not sum to 100% because some respondents took more than one leave.
* Difference among demographic groups is significant at p<.10.
** Difference among demographic groups is significant at p<.05.
& No significance test was conducted because of zero cell.
-- Indicates less than 10 unweighted cases.
Source: 2000 Survey of Employees.

Table A2-2.7. Leave-Taking Within Demographic Groups: 1995 and 2000 Surveys

	Percent of Employees Within Each Demographic Category that Took Leave (for a Covered Reason)
	1995 Survey	2000 Survey
Gender
Male	12.7%	13.5%
Female	20.0%	19.8%
Age
18 – 24	12.8%	11.2%
25 – 34	21.1%	20.2%
35 – 49	15.8%	16.6%
50 – 64**	12.9%	17.0%
65 or over	14.4%	11.6%
Race/Ethnicity
White non-Hispanic	15.0%	16.2%
Black non-Hispanic	19.7%	18.3%
Hispanic	20.2%	18.9%
Asian	NA	12.8%
All others	16.0%	18.2%
Marital Status
Married/Living with partner*	16.4%	18.5%
Separated/Divorced/Widowed	19.6%	20.0%
Never been married	11.7%	9.2%
Children Under 18 in Household
None	12.8%	11.3%
One or more**	20.2%	24.4%
Education
Less than high school	21.4%	18.7%
High school graduate	14.7%	15.6%
Some college	16.3%	19.0%
College graduate	14.5%	14.4%
Graduate school	17.8%	16.7%
Annual Family Income
Less than $20,000	16.9%	16.5%
$20,000 to less than $30,000	19.2%	16.2%
$30,000 to less than $50,000	16.0%	18.3%
$50,000 to less than $75,000*	15.7%	19.9%
$75,000 to less than $100,000	17.5%	16.8%
$100,000 or more	16.7%	18.1%
Compensation Type
Salaried	15.5%	16.2%
Hourly	17.2%	17.6%
Other	12.6%	13.3%

Table A2-2.8. Demographic Characteristics by Reason for Longest Leave, Based on Total
Employee Population: 2000 Survey

	Percent of Employees in Each Demographic Category that Took Their Longest Leave for Following Reasons
	Own Health	Maternity-Disability	Care for Newborn, Newly Adopted or Foster Child	Care for Ill Child	Care for Ill Spouse	Care for Ill Parent
Gender
Male	6.9%	&	2.9%	1.2%	0.9%	1.4%
Female	8.6%	2.6%	3.0%	2.0%	1.0%	2.4%
Age
18 – 24	5.5%	2.7%	2.1%	--	--	--
25 – 34	5.9%	2.7%	7.9%	1.7%	0.6%	1.4%
35 – 49	8.0%	0.7%	1.6%	2.6%	0.9%	2.5%
50 or over	10.6%	&	--	0.7%	1.8%	2.1%
Race/Ethnicity
White non-Hispanic	7.8%	1.2%	2.9%	1.3%	0.9%	2.0%
Black non-Hispanic	8.5%	1.8%	1.7%	3.8%	--	1.6%
Hispanic	6.3%	2.0%	6.1%	--	--	--
All others	7.0%	--	2.3%	--	--	--
Marital Status
Married/Living with partner	7.8%	1.6%	4.0%	1.5%	1.3%	2.0%
Separated/Divorced/Widowed	11.5%	--	--	3.5%	--	2.7%
Never been married	5.5%	0.7%	0.8%	--	&	1.0%
Children Under 18 in Household**
None	7.6%	--	0.6%	0.4%	0.8%	1.7%
One or more	7.9%	3.1%	6.4%	3.5%	1.2%	2.1%
Education*
High school graduate or less	8.8%	1.4%	2.3%	1.3%	1.0%	1.3%
Some college	9.2%	1.3%	2.8%	2.3%	1.0%	2.0%
College graduate	5.9%	1.2%	3.5%	1.3%	0.8%	1.7%
Graduate school	4.8%	1.2%	4.2%	1.3%	1.3%	3.7%

Table A2-2.8. Demographic Characteristics by Reason for Longest Leave, Based on Total
Employee Population: 2000 Survey (continued)

	Percent of Employees in Each Demographic Category that Took Their Longest Leave for Following Reasons
	Own Health	Maternity-Disability	Care for Newborn, Newly Adopted or Foster Child	Care for Ill Child	Care for Ill Spouse	Care for Ill Parent
Annual Family Income*
Less than $20,000	7.8%	2.9%	2.5%	1.5%	--	1.4%
$20,000 to less than $30,000	9.4%	--	1.9%	1.8%	--	1.7%
$30,000 to less than $50,000	9.2%	1.2%	2.1%	2.6%	0.9%	1.6%
$50,000 to less than $75,000	8.7%	1.8%	3.5%	1.6%	1.6%	2.8%
$75,000 to less than $100,000	6.7%	1.5%	4.3%	1.4%	--	2.2%
$100,000 or more	5.8%	--	7.4%	1.2%	--	2.6%
Compensation Type**
Salaried	6.2%	1.0%	3.9%	1.4%	1.3%	2.3%
Hourly	9.2%	1.6%	2.4%	1.8%	0.8%	1.5%
Other	6.0%	--	2.3%	1.4%	--	2.3%

* Difference between demographic groups is significant at p<.10.
** Difference between demographic groups is significant at p<.05.
-- Indicates less than 10 unweighted cases.
& Indicates no significance test was conducted because of zero cell.
Source: 2000 Survey of Employees

Table A2-2.9. Demographic Characteristics by Reason for Longest Leave, Based on Total
Employee Population: 1995 Survey

	Percent of Employees in Each Demographic Category that Took Their Longest Leave for Following Reasons
	Own Health	Maternity-Disability	Care for Newborn, Newly Adopted or Foster Child	Care for Ill Child	Care for Ill Spouse	Care for Ill Parent
Gender
Male	8.5%	&	1.9%	0.8%	0.7%	0.8%
Female	11.4%	1.7%	2.7%	2.0%	0.4%	1.8%
Age
18 – 24	7.5%	1.3%	2.3%	1.1%	--	--
25 – 34	9.0%	1.9%	5.9%	2.6%	0.6%	1.1%
35 – 49	10.5%	--	1.5%	1.2%	0.5%	1.7%
50 or over	10.9%	&	--	--	0.9%	0.8%
Race/Ethnicity
White non-Hispanic	9.2%	0.6%	2.3%	1.1%	0.6%	1.2%
Black non-Hispanic	12.4%	--	1.7%	2.4%	--	--
Hispanic	11.5%	--	2.7%	--	&	--
All others	--	--	--	--	&	--
Marital Status
Married/Living with partner	8.9%	1.0%	2.9%	1.7%	0.7%	1.2%
Separated/Divorced/Widowed	14.9%	--	1.2%	1.1%	--	1.5%
Never been married	9.4%	--	--	--	&	1.0%
Children Under 18 in Household**
None	10.7%	--	--	0.3%	0.5%	1.3%
One or more	8.7%	1.7%	5.2%	2.7%	0.7%	1.1%
Education*
High school graduate or less	11.0%	0.5%	1.8%	1.4%	0.6%	0.7%
Some college	9.8%	0.9%	2.2%	1.4%	0.8%	1.3%
College graduate	7.7%	1.1%	2.8%	1.2%	--	1.3%
Graduate school	9.9%	--	3.1%	1.5%	--	2.2%

Table A2-2.9. Demographic Characteristics by Reason for Longest Leave, Based on Total
Employee Population: 1995 Survey (continued)

	Percent of Employees in Each Demographic Category that Took Their Longest Leave for Following Reasons
	Own Health	Maternity-Disability	Care for Newborn, Newly Adopted or Foster Child	Care for Ill Child	Care for Ill Spouse	Care for Ill Parent
Annual Family Income
Less than $20,000	11.7%	--	2.3%	1.1%	--	0.9%
$20,000 to less than $30,000	12.2%	--	1.9%	2.9%	1.0%	--
$30,000 to less than $50,000	10.3%	0.8%	2.1%	1.1%	0.6%	1.1%
$50,000 to less than $75,000	8.4%	0.9%	2.8%	1.3%	0.9%	1.3%
$75,000 to less than $100,000	9.2%	--	3.2%	--	0.9%	2.2%
$100,000 or more	7.1%	--	3.7%	--	&	--
Compensation Type**
Salaried	8.3%	0.9%	2.9%	1.1%	0.5%	1.8%
Hourly	11.3%	0.7%	2.0%	1.7%	0.8%	0.8%
Other	8.5%	--	1.3%	--	--	--

Table A2-2.10. Demographic Characteristics of Leave-Needers Versus Other
Employees: 2000 Survey

	Percent of Leave-Needers	Percent of Other Employees	Percent of All Employees
Gender
Male	46.0%	51.5%	51.3%
Female	54.0%	48.5%	48.7%
Age
18 – 24	8.6%	15.0%	14.8%
25 – 34	27.3%	22.7%	22.8%
35 – 49	41.7%	39.5%	39.6%
50 – 64	20.5%	19.8%	19.8%
65 or over	--	3.1%	3.0%
Race/Ethnicity
White non-Hispanic	72.3%	78.0%	77.9%
Black non-Hispanic	12.7%	9.5%	9.6%
Hispanic	8.8%	7.1%	7.2%
Asian	--	2.7%	2.8%
All others	--	2.6%	2.6%
Marital Status**
Married/Living with partner	68.5%	67.2%	67.2%
Separated/Divorced/Widowed	18.6%	10.3%	10.5%
Never been married	13.0%	22.5%	22.3%
Children Under 18 in Household**
None	45.0%	59.9%	59.5%
One or more	55.0%	40.1%	40.5%
Education
Less than high school	8.4%	5.2%	5.2%
High school graduate	28.2%	29.7%	29.6%
Some college	26.5%	28.6%	28.6%
College graduate	27.4%	25.5%	25.5%
Graduate school	9.5%	11.1%	11.1%
Annual Family Income
Less than $20,000	16.8%	16.1%	16.2%
$20,000 to less than $30,000	16.3%	13.6%	13.7%
$30,000 to less than $50,000	24.3%	25.0%	25.0%
$50,000 to less than $75,000	27.2%	22.9%	23.1%
$75,000 to less than $100,000	7.0%	12.2%	12.1%
$100,000 or more	8.3%	10.1%	10.0%
Compensation Type**
Salaried	23.8%	37.6%	37.3%
Hourly	62.3%	51.1%	51.4%
Other	13.9%	11.3%	11.3%

** Difference between leave-needers and other employees is significant at p<.05.
-- Indicates less than 10 unweighted cases.
Note: Column percents may not total to 100% due to rounding.
Source: 2000 Survey of Employees.

Table A2-2.11. Demographic Characteristics of Leave-Needers:
1995 and 2000 Surveys

	Percent of Leave-Needers
	1995 Survey	2000 Survey
Gender
Male	53.1%	46.0%
Female	46.9%	54.0%
Age
18 – 24	9.3%	8.6%
25 – 34	29.3%	27.3%
35 – 49	40.5%	41.7%
50 – 64	19.7%	20.5%
65 or over	--	--
Race/Ethnicity
White non-Hispanic	71.8%	72.3%
Black non-Hispanic	16.9%	12.7%
Hispanic	8.7%	8.8%
Asian	NA	--
All others	--	--
Marital Status
Married/Living with partner	64.7%	68.5%
Separated/Divorced/Widowed	21.8%	18.6%
Never been married	13.5%	13.0%
Children Under 18 in Household
None	45.9%	45.0%
One or more	54.1%	55.0%
Education
Less than high school	9.0%	8.4%
High school graduate	26.0%	28.2%
Some college*	35.8%	26.5%
College graduate**	17.0%	27.4%
Graduate school	12.3%	9.5%
Annual Family Income
Less than $20,000	23.5%	16.8%
$20,000 to less than $30,000	19.0%	16.3%
$30,000 to less than $50,000	30.6%	24.3%
$50,000 to less than $75,000**	14.9%	27.2%
$75,000 to less than $100,000	8.9%	7.0%
$100,000 or more**	--	8.3%
Compensation Type
Salaried	29.0%	23.8%
Hourly	61.3%	62.3%
Other	9.6%	13.9%

** Difference between 1995 and 2000 is significant at p<.05.
-- Indicates less than 10 unweighted cases.
NA Indicates Asian was not a race category in the 1995 survey. Asians are included in "All others."
Note: Column percents may not total to 100% due to rounding.
Source: 1995 and 2000 Survey of Employees.

Table A2-2.12. Reasons for Not Taking Leave, Based on Total Employee
Population: 1995 and 2000 Surveys

Reason for Not Taking Leave	Percent of All Employees
Reason for Not Taking Leave	1995 Survey	2000 Survey
Thought job might be lost	1.0%	0.8%
Thought job advancement might be hurt	0.7%	1.0%
Did not want to lose seniority	0.5%	0.7%
Not eligible—worked part-time*	0.5%	0.3%
Not eligible—had not worked long enough for employer	NA	0.4%
Employer denied request	0.3%	0.5%
Could not afford to take leave	2.2%	1.9%
Wanted to save leave time	0.9%	0.8%
Work is too important	1.3%	1.3%
Some other reason	NA	0.3%

* Difference between 1995 and 2000 is significant at p<.10.
NA Indicates item not asked in 1995 survey.
Source: 1995 and 2000 Survey of Employees.

Table A2-2.13. Reasons for Most Recent Needed Leave:
2000 Survey

Reason for Needing Leave	Percent of Leave-Needers
Own health	47.2%
Maternity-disability	--
Care for a newborn, newly adopted, or newly placed foster child	6.9%
Care for ill child	17.4%
Care for ill spouse	7.3%
Care for ill parent	19.7%

-- Indicates less than 10 unweighted cases.
Source: 2000 Survey of Employees.

Table A2-2.14. Demographic Characteristics by Reasons for All Leaves Taken,
Based on Total Employee Population: 2000 Survey

	Percent of Employees in Each Demographic Category that Took at Least One Leave for Following Reasons
	Own Health	Maternity-Disability	Care for Newborn, Newly Adopted or Foster Child	Care for Ill Child	Care for Ill Spouse	Care for Ill Parent
Gender
Male	7.8%*	&	3.1%	1.4%**	1.0%	1.5%**
Female	9.6%	2.7%	3.0%	2.4%	1.1%	2.9%
Age
18 – 24	6.4%**	2.7%	2.3%**	--**	--**	--**
25 – 34	7.0%	2.7%	8.1%	2.2%	0.7%	1.4%
35 – 49	9.1%	0.7%	1.7%	3.0%	1.0%	2.8%
50 or over	11.0%	&	--	0.7%	2.0%	2.6%
Race/Ethnicity
White non-Hispanic	8.5%	1.2%	3.0%	1.6%	1.0%	2.3%*
Black non-Hispanic	11.4%	1.8%	1.9%	4.1%	--	1.9%
Hispanic	8.0%	1.9%	6.0%	--	--	--
All others	7.5%	--	2.5%	--	--	--
Marital Status
Married/Living with partner	8.8%**	1.6%*	4.1%**	1.8%	1.5%	2.2%
Separated/Divorced/Widowed	12.2%	--	--	3.8%	--	3.0%
Never been married	6.4%	0.7%	0.9%	1.3%	&	1.4%
Children Under 18 in Household
None	7.9%*	--**	0.6%**	0.4%**	0.9%	2.1%
One or more	9.8%	3.2%	6.6%	4.1%	1.2%	2.3%
Education
High school graduate or less	9.6%**	1.4%	2.5%	1.8%	1.0%	1.8%**
Some college	10.7%	1.4%	2.9%	2.5%	1.1%	2.1%
College graduate	6.7%	1.2%	3.6%	1.5%	0.9%	1.8%
Graduate school	4.9%	1.2%	4.2%	1.7%	1.4%	4.3%
Annual Family Income
Less than $20,000	9.2%	2.9%**	2.6%	1.8%	--	2.0%
$20,000 to less than $30,000	10.1%	--	2.2%	2.1%	--	1.8%
$30,000 to less than $50,000	11.2%	1.2%	2.4%	3.1%	1.0%	2.0%
$50,000 to less than $75,000	9.4%	1.9%	3.5%	1.8%	1.6%	3.1%
$75,000 to less than $100,000	6.8%	1.5%	4.3%	1.4%	0.9%	2.5%
$100,000 or more	6.9%	--	7.4%	1.8%	--	2.6%
Compensation Type
Salaried	6.8%**	1.0%*	4.0%*	1.6%	1.4%**	2.5%
Hourly	10.6%	1.6%	2.5%	2.2%	0.9%	1.8%
Other	6.3%	--	2.4%	1.5%	--	2.4%

* Differences among demographic groups is significant at p<.10.
** Differences among demographic groups is significant at p<.05.
& Indicates no significance test was conducted because of zero cell.
-- Indicates less than 10 unweighted cases.
Source: 2000 Survey of Employees.

Table A2-2.15. Demographic Characteristics by Reason for Longest Leave: 2000 Survey

	Percent of Leave-Takers in Each Demographic Category that Took Their Longest Leave for Following Reasons
	Own Health	Maternity-Disability	Care for Newborn, Newly Adopted or Foster Child	Care for Ill Child	Care for Ill Spouse	Care for Ill Parent
Gender
Male	51.9%	&	21.8%	9.0%	6.9%	10.3%
Female	43.9%	13.3%	15.2%	10.3%	5.1%	12.1%
Age
18 – 24	49.3%	24.4%	18.5%	--	--	--
25 – 34	29.1%	13.2%	39.2%	8.5%	3.1%	6.9%
35 – 49	49.0%	4.2%	9.8%	15.8%	5.7%	15.5%
50 or over	65.7%	&	--	4.3%	11.3%	13.1%
Race/Ethnicity
White non-Hispanic	48.5%	7.3%	17.7%	8.2%	5.7%	12.6%
Black non-Hispanic	46.6%	9.7%	9.5%	21.1%	--	9.0%
Hispanic	36.1%	11.2%	34.6%	--	--	--
All others	46.5%	--	15.0%	--	--	--
Marital Status
Married/Living with partner	43.0%	8.8%	21.8%	8.1%	7.2%	11.1%
Separated/Divorced/Widowed	58.0%	--	--	17.4%	--	13.4%
Never been married	60.0%	7.3%	9.2%	--	&	11.0%
Children Under 18 in Household**
None	68.2%	--	5.5%	3.3%	7.4%	15.4%
One or more	32.9%	13.0%	26.4%	14.3%	4.8%	8.6%
Education
High school graduate or less	54.8%	8.5%	14.1%	8.3%	6.0%	8.4%
Some college	49.5%	7.1%	15.0%	12.6%	5.3%	10.6%
College graduate	41.3%	8.0%	24.5%	9.0%	5.6%	11.6%
Graduate school	28.9%	7.5%	25.3%	8.1%	7.7%	22.5%
Annual Family Income**
Less than $20,000	47.3%	17.7%	14.9%	8.9%	--	8.4%
$20,000 to less than $30,000	59.1%	--	12.0%	11.0%	--	10.7%
$30,000 to less than $50,000	52.3%	6.8%	11.7%	14.8%	5.1%	9.2%
$50,000 to less than $75,000	43.8%	9.1%	17.4%	7.9%	7.8%	14.0%
$75,000 to less than $100,000	40.1%	8.8%	25.4%	8.1%	--	13.2%
$100,000 or more	32.1%	--	41.2%	6.6%	--	14.7%
Compensation Type**
Salaried	38.6%	6.5%	24.2%	8.6%	8.1%	14.1%
Hourly	53.3%	9.0%	13.9%	10.6%	4.7%	8.4%
Other	44.9%	--	17.1%	10.5%	--	17.7%

** Differences among demographic groups is significant at p<.05.
& Indicates no significance test was conducted because of zero cell.
-- Indicates less than 10 unweighted cases.
Source: 2000 Survey of Employees.

Table A2-2.16. Demographic Characteristics by Reason for Longest Leave: 1995 Survey

	Percent of Leave-Takers in Each Demographic Category that Took Their Longest Leave for Following Reasons
	Own Health	Maternity-Disability	Care for Newborn, Newly Adopted or Foster Child	Care for Ill Child	Care for Ill Spouse	Care for Ill Parent
Gender
Male	66.8%	&	15.1%	6.6%	5.5%	6.0%
Female	57.1%	8.3%	13.6%	10.0%	2.2%	8.8%
Age
18 – 24	58.5%	9.8%	17.9%	8.2%	--	--
25 – 34	42.5%	9.1%	27.8%	12.3%	2.9%	5.4%
35 – 49	66.6%	2.0%	9.4%	7.9%	3.5%	10.6%
50 or over	82.9%	&	--	--	6.6%	6.4%
Race/Ethnicity
White non-Hispanic	61.4%	4.3%	15.2%	7.3%	3.9%	7.8%
Black non-Hispanic	62.8%	--	8.5%	12.4%	--	--
Hispanic	57.1%	--	13.2%	--	&	--
All others	--	--	--	--	&	--
Marital Status
Married/Living with partner	54.5%	5.8%	17.8%	10.2%	4.3%	7.4%
Separated/Divorced/Widowed	75.8%	--	6.0%	5.7%	--	7.8%
Never been married	80.5%	--	--	--	&	8.6%
Children Under 18 in Household**
None	83.4%	--	--	2.5%	3.6%	9.9%
One or more	43.1%	8.3%	25.8%	13.5%	3.6%	5.7%
Education**
High school graduate or less	68.7%	3.0%	11.2%	8.7%	3.8%	4.6%
Some college	59.8%	5.5%	13.4%	8.4%	4.8%	8.1%
College graduate	53.3%	7.9%	19.4%	8.5%	--	9.3%
Graduate school	55.8%	--	17.2%	8.7%	--	12.2%
Annual Family Income
Less than $20,000	69.3%	--	13.4%	6.3%	--	5.3%
$20,000 to less than $30,000	63.6%	--	9.9%	14.9%	5.2%	--
$30,000 to less than $50,000	64.1%	5.3%	13.2%	7.0%	3.5%	6.9%
$50,000 to less than $75,000	53.7%	5.5%	18.2%	8.4%	5.7%	8.6%
$75,000 to less than $100,000	52.7%	--	18.4%	--	--	12.6%
$100,000 or more	42.6%	--	22.0%	--	&	--
Compensation Type**
Salaried	53.3%	5.9%	18.8%	7.1%	3.2%	11.7%
Hourly	65.6%	3.9%	11.9%	9.8%	4.4%	4.4%
Other	67.6%	--	10.4%	--	--	--

Table A2-2.17. Use of Intermittent leave, Based on Total
Employee Population: 2000 Survey

Leave-Takers Who:	Percent of All Employees
Took intermittent leave at least once in previous 18 months	4.6%
Did not take intermittent leave	95.4%

Source: 2000 Survey of Employees.

Table A2-2.18. Needing Leave Within Demographic Groups: 1995 and 2000 Surveys

	Percent of Employees Within Each Demographic Category that Needed (But Did Not Take) Leave
	1995 Survey	2000 Survey
Gender
Male*	3.0%	2.2%
Female	3.2%	2.7%
Age
18 – 24	2.1%	1.4%
25 – 34	4.0%	2.9%
35 – 49	3.0%	2.6%
50 – 64	3.3%	2.5%
65 or over	--	--
Race/Ethnicity
White non-Hispanic	2.7%	2.3%
Black non-Hispanic*	5.9%	3.3%
Hispanic	3.9%	3.0%
Asian	NA	--
All others	--	--
Marital Status
Married/Living with partner	2.9%	2.5%
Separated/Divorced/Widowed	5.0%	4.3%
Never been married	2.4%	1.4%
Children Under 18 in Household
None*	2.5%	1.9%
One or more	3.9%	3.3%
Education
Less than high school	3.6%	3.9%
High school graduate	2.8%	2.3%
Some college**	3.8%	2.3%
College graduate	2.4%	2.6%
Graduate school	3.0%	2.1%
Annual Family Income
Less than $20,000	4.2%	2.8%
$20,000 to less than $30,000	4.0%	3.2%
$30,000 to less than $50,000	3.2%	2.6%
$50,000 to less than $75,000	2.5%	3.2%
$75,000 to less than $100,000*	3.5%	1.6%
$100,000 or more	--	2.3%
Compensation Type
Salaried**	2.4%	1.6%
Hourly	3.7%	3.0%
Other	2.6%	3.0%

* Difference between demographic groups is statistically significant at p<.10.
** Difference between demographic groups is statistically significant at p<.05.
NA Indicates Asian was not a race category in the 1995 survey. Asians are included in "All Others."
-- Indicates less than 10 unweighted cases.
Source: 1995 and 2000 Survey of Employees

Table A2-2.19. Reasons for Needing Leave, Based on Total Employee
Population: 1995 and 2000 Surveys

	Percent of All Employees
Reason for Needing Leave	1995 Survey	2000 Survey
Own health	1.5%	1.2%
Maternity-disability	--	--
Care for a newborn, newly adopted, or newly placed foster child	0.3%	0.2%
Care for ill child	0.6%	0.5%
Care for ill spouse	0.3%	0.2%
Care for ill parent	0.6%	0.6%

-- Indicates less than 10 unweighted cases.
Source: 1995 and 2000 Survey of Employees.

Table A2-2.20. Reasons for Most Recent Needed Leave:
2000 Survey

Reason for Needing Leave	Percent of All Employees
Own health	1.1%
Maternity-disability	--
Care for a newborn, newly adopted, or newly placed foster child	0.2%
Care for ill child	0.4%
Care for ill spouse	0.2%
Care for ill parent	0.5%

-- Indicates less than 10 unweighted cases.
Source: 2000 Survey of Employees.

Table A2-2.21. Perceived Future Need for Family or Medical Leave:
1995 and 2000 Surveys

Employees’ Likelihood of Taking Leave for Family or Medical Reasons in the Next 5 years:	Percent of Employees
	1995 Survey	2000 Survey
Very likely**	17.8%	22.2%
Somewhat likely	21.5%	23.8%
Somewhat unlikely**	26.1%	20.3%
Very unlikely	34.6%	33.8%

** Difference between years is significant at p<.05.
Source: 2000 Survey of Employees.

Table A2-2.22. Expected Reasons for Needing Future Leaves :
1995 and 2000 Surveys

Expected Reason:	Percent of Employees Who Say it is Likely They Will Take Leave in the Next 5 Years
Expected Reason:	1995 Survey	2000 Survey
Own self	34.0%	36.4%
Newborn	20.6%	19.5%
Newly adopted	--	--
New foster child	--	--
Child**	14.3%	19.3%
Spouse**	11.1%	17.4%
Parent	34.9%	33.0%
Other relative	6.9%	8.6%
Other non-relative	1.7%	2.2%

** Difference between years is significant at p<.05.
-- Indicates less than 10 unweighted cases.
Note: Percentages do not sum to 100% because respondents could choose more than one reason.
Source: 1995 and 2000 Survey of Employees.

CHAPTER 3

TABLES NOT DISPLAYED
IN TEXT

Table A2-3.1. Coverage and Eligibility of Employees Under
the Family and Medical Leave Act: 2000 Survey

	Percent of All Employees
Eligible Employees at FMLA-Covered Worksites	61.7%
Non-eligible Employees at Covered Worksites	14.9%
Employees at Non-covered Worksites	23.3%

Source: 2000 Survey of Employees.

Table A2-3.2. Eligibility of Employees Under the Family
and Medical Leave Act: 2000 Survey

	Percent of Covered Employees
Eligible Employees	80.5%
Non-eligible Employees	19.5%

Source: 2000 Survey of Employees.

Table A2-3.3 Demographic Profiles of Covered, Covered and Eligible, and Non-covered
Employees: 2000 Survey

	Percent of Employees
	Covered	Covered and Eligible	Non-covered	All Employees
Total Weighted Number	110,398,726	88,920,791	33,620,570	144,019,296
Gender*
Male	50.1%	51.8%	55.3%	51.3%
Female	49.9%	48.2%	44.7%	48.7%
Age++**
18 – 24	16.1%	10.5%	10.6%	14.8%
25 – 34	23.0%	23.3%	22.2%	22.8%
35 – 49	39.5%	42.8%	39.7%	39.6%
50 – 64	19.1%	21.4%	22.1%	19.8%
65 and over	2.3%	2.1%	5.4%	3.0%
Race/Ethnicity+**
White non-Hispanic	74.8%	75.3%	88.0%	77.9%
Black non-Hispanic	11.6%	11.1%	2.7%	9.6%
Hispanic	7.5%	7.7%	6.1%	7.2%
Asian	3.4%	3.3%	--	2.8%
All others	2.7%	2.5%	2.2%	2.6%
Marital Status++**
Married/Living with partner	65.1%	69.5%	74.1%	67.2%
Separated/Divorced/Widowed	10.9%	11.0%	9.3%	10.5%
Never been married	24.0%	19.5%	16.6%	22.3%
Children Under 18 in Household
None	60.6%	58.6%	55.9%	59.5%
One or more	39.4%	41.4%	44.1%	40.5%
Education++**
Less than high school	4.3%	3.7%	8.1%	5.2%
High school graduate	27.8%	27.4%	35.5%	29.6%
Some college	29.5%	28.7%	25.4%	28.6%
College graduate	25.6%	27.0%	25.2%	25.5%
Graduate school	12.7%	13.2%	5.7%	11.1%

Table A2-3.3 Demographic Profiles of Covered, Covered and Eligible, and Non-covered
Employees: 2000 Survey (continued)

	Percent of Employees
	Covered	Covered and Eligible	Non-covered	All Employees
Annual Family Income++
Less than $20,000	14.8%	9.9%	20.9%	16.2%
$20,000 to less than $30,000	13.8%	14.0%	13.3%	13.7%
$30,000 to less than $50,000	24.9%	25.2%	25.3%	25.0%
$50,000 to less than $75,000	23.5%	25.6%	21.5%	23.1%
$75,000 to less than $100,000	12.5%	13.6%	10.5%	12.1%
$100,000 or more	10.5%	11.8%	8.6%	10.0%
Compensation Type++**
Salaried	38.3%	42.7%	34.0%	37.3%
Hourly	54.0%	50.3%	42.7%	51.4%
Other	7.7%	6.9%	23.3%	11.3%

* Difference between covered and non-covered employees is significant at p<.10.
** Difference between covered and non-covered employees is significant at p<.05.
+ Difference between covered and eligible employees and all other employees is significant at p<.10.
++ Difference between covered and eligible employees and all other employees is significant at p<.05.
Note: Column percents may not total to 100% due to rounding.
Source: 2000 Survey of Employees.

Table A2-3.4 Coverage Under FMLA Within Demographic Groups: 2000 Survey

	Percent of Employees Within Each Demographic Category Who Are:			Total Weighted Number
	Covered	Covered and Eligible(1)	Non-covered	Total Weighted Number
Gender*
Male	74.9%	62.3%	25.1%	73,924,070
Female	78.5%	61.2%	21.5%	70,095,226
Age++**
18 – 24	83.3%	43.8%	16.7%	21,153,991
25 – 34	77.3%	63.0%	22.7%	32,561,862
35 – 49	76.7%	66.8%	23.3%	56,504,145
50 – 64	74.0%	66.7%	26.0%	28,259,470
65 and over	58.7%	42.8%	41.3%	4,351,449
Race/Ethnicity+**
White non-Hispanic	73.5%	59.7%	26.5%	111,083,972
Black non-Hispanic	93.3%	71.8%	6.7%	13,627,195
Hispanic	80.2%	66.2%	19.8%	10,236,269
Asian	92.0%	73.4%	--	4,004,675
All others	79.8%	60.3%	20.2%	3,671,119
Marital Status++**
Married/Living with partner	74.3%	63.8%	25.7%	96,298,974
Separated/Divorced/Widowed	79.3%	64.3%	20.7%	15,065,817
Never been married	82.6%	54.1%	17.4%	31,888,960
Children Under 18 in Household
None	78.2%	60.9%	21.8%	85,333,367
One or more	74.8%	63.2%	25.2%	58,076,078
Education++**
Less than high school	63.8%	44.2%	36.2%	7,509,891
High school graduate	72.1%	57.1%	27.9%	42,531,907
Some college	79.4%	62.2%	20.6%	40,985,586
College graduate	77.1%	65.3%	22.9%	36,647,973
Graduate school	88.0%	73.8%	12.0%	15,880,292

Table A2-3.4 Coverage Under FMLA Within Demographic Groups: 2000 Survey (continued)

	Percent of Employees Within Each Demographic Category Who Are:			Total Weighted Number
	Covered	Covered and Eligible(1)	Non-covered	Total Weighted Number
Annual Family Income++
Less than $20,000	71.8%	38.6%	28.2%	19,347,474
$20,000 to less than $30,000	78.8%	64.5%	21.2%	16,390,438
$30,000 to less than $50,000	77.9%	63.9%	22.1%	29,880,436
$50,000 to less than $75,000	79.7%	70.2%	20.3%	27,611,099
$75,000 to less than $100,000	81.1%	70.9%	18.9%	14,460,432
$100,000 or more	81.4%	74.0%	18.6%	12,023,351
Compensation Type++**
Salaried	78.7%	70.8%	21.3%	53,468,194
Hourly	80.6%	60.5%	19.4%	73,725,383
Other	52.1%	37.7%	47.9%	16,278,079

(1) The "Covered and Eligible" column is a subset of the "Covered" column.
* Difference between covered and non-covered employees is significant at p<.10.
** Difference between covered and non-covered employees is significant at P<.05.
+ Difference between covered and eligible employees and all other employees is significant at p<.10.
++ Difference between covered and eligible employees and all other employees is significant at p<.05.
Note: Column percents may not total to 100% due to rounding.
Source: 2000 Survey of Employees.

Table A2-3.5. Demographic Characteristics of Covered and Eligible Leave-Takers by Reason
for Longest Leave: 2000 Survey

	Percent of Covered and Eligible Leave-Takers in Each Demographic Category that Took Their Longest Leave for Following Reasons
	Own Health	Maternity-Disability	Care for Newborn, Newly Adopted or Foster Child	Care for Ill Child	Care for Ill Spouse	Care for Ill Parent
Gender
Male	45.0%	&	44.3%	39.1%	55.8%	41.3%
Female	55.0%	100.0%	55.7%	60.9%	44.2%	58.7%
Age
18 – 24	8.7%	--	10.2%	--	--	--
25 – 34	15.6%	50.4%	57.4%	26.3%	--	20.3%
35 – 49	39.7%	28.7%	20.5%	62.6%	35.4%	54.4%
50 or over	36.1%	&	--	--	42.0%	20.5%
Race/Ethnicity
White non-Hispanic	76.2%	59.8%	82.4%	57.2%	73.5%	80.8%
Black non-Hispanic	12.3%	--	--	32.4%	--	10.3%
Hispanic	6.3%	--	--	--	--	--
All others	5.1%	--	--	--	--	--
Marital Status**
Married/Living with partner	70.6%	82.8%	90.2%	55.3%	94.5%	71.4%
Separated/Divorced/Widowed	15.9%	--	--	23.5%	--	13.2%
Never been married	13.6%	--	--	--	--	15.3%
Children Under 18 in Household
None	58.5%	&	--	13.0%	54.5%	51.3%
One or more	41.5%	100.0%	86.8%	87.0%	45.5%	48.7%
Education**
High school graduate or less	41.1%	35.1%	29.8%	20.3%	37.5%	25.5%
Some college	33.1%	26.0%	27.7%	50.9%	29.5%	25.9%
College graduate	18.0%	28.2%	31.5%	18.8%	22.2%	22.7%
Graduate school	7.9%	--	11.0%	10.0%	--	25.9%
Annual Family Income
Less than $20,000	9.4%	--	12.4%	--	--	--
$20,000 to less than $30,000	16.8%	--	--	--	--	--
$30,000 to less than $50,000	27.3%	26.8%	12.0%	41.2%	22.6%	23.4%
$50,000 to less than $75,000	27.2%	32.6%	30.3%	24.5%	37.4%	32.1%
$75,000 to less than $100,000	11.5%	23.0%	23.2%	11.7%	--	13.8%
$100,000 or more	7.6%	--	14.3%	--	--	9.2%
Compensation Type
Salaried	33.4%	43.3%	47.5%	35.4%	53.4%	47.9%
Hourly	61.4%	55.0%	44.8%	59.9%	45.6%	39.8%
Other	5.2%	--	--	--	--	12.4%

** Difference among demographic groups is significant at p<.05.
& No significance test was conducted because of zero cell.
-- Indicates less than 10 unweighted cases.
Source: 2000 Survey of Employees.

Table A2-3.6. Covered and Eligible Leave-Takers Within Demographic Groups:
1995 and 2000 Surveys

		Percent of Leave-Takers Within Demographic Category Who Were Covered and Eligible(1)
	1995 Survey		2000 Survey
Gender
Male	60.7%		65.6%
Female	62.7%		64.5%
Age
18 – 24	52.4%		53.5%
25 – 34	63.3%		60.1%
35 – 49	62.0%		66.4%
50 – 64	68.3%		75.1%
65 and over	47.0%		55.3%
Race/Ethnicity
White non-Hispanic	59.9%		62.6%
Black non-Hispanic	74.3%		83.1%
Hispanic	65.4%		62.7%
Asian	NA		72.4%
All others	57.3%		57.9%
Marital Status
Married/Living with partner*	59.8%		64.5%
Separated/Divorced/Widowed	68.9%		66.6%
Never been married	64.1%		65.5%
Children Under 18 in Household
None	64.2%		66.5%
One or more	60.0%		63.9%
Education
Less than high school	66.6%		57.0%
High school graduate**	57.0%		67.2%
Some college	60.6%		66.0%
College graduate	59.1%		62.3%
Graduate school	74.4%		65.4%
Annual Family Income
Less than $20,000	53.7%		45.3%
$20,000 to less than $30,000	61.9%		65.2%
$30,000 to less than $50,000**	57.3%		68.1%
$50,000 to less than $75,000	69.4%		72.1%
$75,000 to less than $100,000	75.8%		80.0%
$100,000 or more	70.0%		51.5%
Compensation Type
Salaried	66.6%		69.8%
Hourly	63.9%		65.8%
Other	31.4%		41.8%

(1) Table includes leave-takers who were covered and eligible at the time they took their (longest) leave.
* Difference between 1995 and 2000 is significant at p<.10.
** Difference between 1995 and 2000 is significant at p<.05.
NA Indicates Asian was not a race category in the 1995 survey. Asians are included in "All Others."
Source: 1995 and 2000 Survey of Employees.

Table A2-3.7. Demographic Characteristics of Covered and Eligible Leave-
Takers: 1995 and 2000 Surveys

	Percent of Leave-Takers Within Demographic Category Who Were Covered and Eligible(1)
	1995 Survey	2000 Survey
Gender
Male	43.0%	42.3%
Female	57.0%	57.7%
Age
18 – 24	9.4%	8.2%
25 – 34*	30.8%	25.7%
35 – 49	40.9%	40.6%
50 – 64**	16.7%	23.6%
65 and over	2.2%	1.8%
Race/Ethnicity
White non-Hispanic	75.6%	73.6%
Black non-Hispanic	13.1%	13.6%
Hispanic	9.4%	7.9%
Asian	NA	2.4%
All others	1.9%	2.5%
Marital Status
Married/Living with partner*	68.5%	74.5%
Separated/Divorced/Widowed**	18.3%	13.0%
Never been married	13.2%	12.4%
Children Under 18 in Household
None*	47.2%	41.4%
One or more*	52.8%	58.6%
Education
Less than high school**	11.1%	5.2%
High school graduate	24.7%	28.9%
Some college	28.9%	33.3%
College graduate	18.6%	21.3%
Graduate school**	16.6%	11.3%
Annual Family Income
Less than $20,000**	16.3%	10.4%
$20,000 to less than $30,000**	18.2%	12.4%
$30,000 to less than $50,000	28.3%	26.7%
$50,000 to less than $75,000**	21.3%	28.5%
$75,000 to less than $100,000	10.8%	13.9%
$100,000 or more*	5.1%	8.0%
Compensation Type
Salaried	39.3%	39.1%
Hourly	56.2%	55.1%
Other	4.6%	5.8%

(1) Table includes leave-takers who were covered and eligible at the time they took their (longest) leave.
*Difference between years is statistically significant at p<.10.
**Difference between years is statistically significant at p<.05.
NA Indicates Asian was not a race category in the 1995 survey. Asians are included in "All Others."
Source: 1995 and 2000 Surveys of Employees.

Table A2-3.8. Length of Longest Leave by Eligibility Status:
2000 Survey

	Percent by Eligibility Status
Length of Longest Leave	Covered and Eligible Leave-Takers	All Other Leave-Takers
1- 3 days	13.0%	11.1%
4 – 5 days	20.8%	22.7%
6 – 10 days	20.2%	20.5%
11 – 30 days	20.5%	16.0%
31 – 60 days	15.9%	19.2%
More than 60 days	9.6%	10.5%

Source: 2000 Survey of Employees.

Table A2-3.9 Establishment Awareness of FMLA Coverage Status:
1995 and 2000 Surveys

Does the Family and Medical Leave Act apply to this location?	Percent of Covered Establishments		Percent of Non-covered Establishments
	1995 Survey	2000 Survey	1995 Survey	2000 Survey
Yes	86.5%	84.0%	8.3%**	16.1%
No	--	1.0%	35.2%	28.4%
Don’t know	12.3%	15.0%	56.5%	55.5%

** Difference between 1995 and 2000 is significant at p<.05.
-- Indicates less than 10 unweighted cases.
Note: Column percents may not total to 100% due to rounding.
Source: 1995 and 2000 Survey of Establishments.

CHAPTER 3

TABLES NOT DISPLAYED
IN TEXT

Table A2-3.1. Coverage and Eligibility of Employees Under
the Family and Medical Leave Act: 2000 Survey

	Percent of All Employees
Eligible Employees at FMLA-Covered Worksites	61.7%
Non-eligible Employees at Covered Worksites	14.9%
Employees at Non-covered Worksites	23.3%

Source: 2000 Survey of Employees.

Table A2-3.2. Eligibility of Employees Under the Family
and Medical Leave Act: 2000 Survey

	Percent of Covered Employees
Eligible Employees	80.5%
Non-eligible Employees	19.5%

Source: 2000 Survey of Employees.

Table A2-3.3 Demographic Profiles of Covered, Covered and Eligible, and Non-covered
Employees: 2000 Survey

	Percent of Employees
	Covered	Covered and Eligible	Non-covered	All Employees
Total Weighted Number	110,398,726	88,920,791	33,620,570	144,019,296
Gender*
Male	50.1%	51.8%	55.3%	51.3%
Female	49.9%	48.2%	44.7%	48.7%
Age++**
18 – 24	16.1%	10.5%	10.6%	14.8%
25 – 34	23.0%	23.3%	22.2%	22.8%
35 – 49	39.5%	42.8%	39.7%	39.6%
50 – 64	19.1%	21.4%	22.1%	19.8%
65 and over	2.3%	2.1%	5.4%	3.0%
Race/Ethnicity+**
White non-Hispanic	74.8%	75.3%	88.0%	77.9%
Black non-Hispanic	11.6%	11.1%	2.7%	9.6%
Hispanic	7.5%	7.7%	6.1%	7.2%
Asian	3.4%	3.3%	--	2.8%
All others	2.7%	2.5%	2.2%	2.6%
Marital Status++**
Married/Living with partner	65.1%	69.5%	74.1%	67.2%
Separated/Divorced/Widowed	10.9%	11.0%	9.3%	10.5%
Never been married	24.0%	19.5%	16.6%	22.3%
Children Under 18 in Household
None	60.6%	58.6%	55.9%	59.5%
One or more	39.4%	41.4%	44.1%	40.5%
Education++**
Less than high school	4.3%	3.7%	8.1%	5.2%
High school graduate	27.8%	27.4%	35.5%	29.6%
Some college	29.5%	28.7%	25.4%	28.6%
College graduate	25.6%	27.0%	25.2%	25.5%
Graduate school	12.7%	13.2%	5.7%	11.1%

Table A2-3.3 Demographic Profiles of Covered, Covered and Eligible, and Non-covered
Employees: 2000 Survey (continued)

	Percent of Employees
	Covered	Covered and Eligible	Non-covered	All Employees
Annual Family Income++
Less than $20,000	14.8%	9.9%	20.9%	16.2%
$20,000 to less than $30,000	13.8%	14.0%	13.3%	13.7%
$30,000 to less than $50,000	24.9%	25.2%	25.3%	25.0%
$50,000 to less than $75,000	23.5%	25.6%	21.5%	23.1%
$75,000 to less than $100,000	12.5%	13.6%	10.5%	12.1%
$100,000 or more	10.5%	11.8%	8.6%	10.0%
Compensation Type++**
Salaried	38.3%	42.7%	34.0%	37.3%
Hourly	54.0%	50.3%	42.7%	51.4%
Other	7.7%	6.9%	23.3%	11.3%

Table A2-3.4 Coverage Under FMLA Within Demographic Groups: 2000 Survey

	Percent of Employees Within Each Demographic Category Who Are:			Total Weighted Number
	Covered	Covered and Eligible(1)	Non-covered	Total Weighted Number
Gender*
Male	74.9%	62.3%	25.1%	73,924,070
Female	78.5%	61.2%	21.5%	70,095,226
Age++**
18 – 24	83.3%	43.8%	16.7%	21,153,991
25 – 34	77.3%	63.0%	22.7%	32,561,862
35 – 49	76.7%	66.8%	23.3%	56,504,145
50 – 64	74.0%	66.7%	26.0%	28,259,470
65 and over	58.7%	42.8%	41.3%	4,351,449
Race/Ethnicity+**
White non-Hispanic	73.5%	59.7%	26.5%	111,083,972
Black non-Hispanic	93.3%	71.8%	6.7%	13,627,195
Hispanic	80.2%	66.2%	19.8%	10,236,269
Asian	92.0%	73.4%	--	4,004,675
All others	79.8%	60.3%	20.2%	3,671,119
Marital Status++**
Married/Living with partner	74.3%	63.8%	25.7%	96,298,974
Separated/Divorced/Widowed	79.3%	64.3%	20.7%	15,065,817
Never been married	82.6%	54.1%	17.4%	31,888,960
Children Under 18 in Household
None	78.2%	60.9%	21.8%	85,333,367
One or more	74.8%	63.2%	25.2%	58,076,078
Education++**
Less than high school	63.8%	44.2%	36.2%	7,509,891
High school graduate	72.1%	57.1%	27.9%	42,531,907
Some college	79.4%	62.2%	20.6%	40,985,586
College graduate	77.1%	65.3%	22.9%	36,647,973
Graduate school	88.0%	73.8%	12.0%	15,880,292

Table A2-3.4 Coverage Under FMLA Within Demographic Groups: 2000 Survey (continued)

	Percent of Employees Within Each Demographic Category Who Are:			Total Weighted Number
	Covered	Covered and Eligible(1)	Non-covered	Total Weighted Number
Annual Family Income++
Less than $20,000	71.8%	38.6%	28.2%	19,347,474
$20,000 to less than $30,000	78.8%	64.5%	21.2%	16,390,438
$30,000 to less than $50,000	77.9%	63.9%	22.1%	29,880,436
$50,000 to less than $75,000	79.7%	70.2%	20.3%	27,611,099
$75,000 to less than $100,000	81.1%	70.9%	18.9%	14,460,432
$100,000 or more	81.4%	74.0%	18.6%	12,023,351
Compensation Type++**
Salaried	78.7%	70.8%	21.3%	53,468,194
Hourly	80.6%	60.5%	19.4%	73,725,383
Other	52.1%	37.7%	47.9%	16,278,079

Table A2-3.5. Demographic Characteristics of Covered and Eligible Leave-Takers by Reason
for Longest Leave: 2000 Survey

	Percent of Covered and Eligible Leave-Takers in Each Demographic Category that Took Their Longest Leave for Following Reasons
	Own Health	Maternity-Disability	Care for Newborn, Newly Adopted or Foster Child	Care for Ill Child	Care for Ill Spouse	Care for Ill Parent
Gender
Male	45.0%	&	44.3%	39.1%	55.8%	41.3%
Female	55.0%	100.0%	55.7%	60.9%	44.2%	58.7%
Age
18 – 24	8.7%	--	10.2%	--	--	--
25 – 34	15.6%	50.4%	57.4%	26.3%	--	20.3%
35 – 49	39.7%	28.7%	20.5%	62.6%	35.4%	54.4%
50 or over	36.1%	&	--	--	42.0%	20.5%
Race/Ethnicity
White non-Hispanic	76.2%	59.8%	82.4%	57.2%	73.5%	80.8%
Black non-Hispanic	12.3%	--	--	32.4%	--	10.3%
Hispanic	6.3%	--	--	--	--	--
All others	5.1%	--	--	--	--	--
Marital Status**
Married/Living with partner	70.6%	82.8%	90.2%	55.3%	94.5%	71.4%
Separated/Divorced/Widowed	15.9%	--	--	23.5%	--	13.2%
Never been married	13.6%	--	--	--	--	15.3%
Children Under 18 in Household
None	58.5%	&	--	13.0%	54.5%	51.3%
One or more	41.5%	100.0%	86.8%	87.0%	45.5%	48.7%
Education**
High school graduate or less	41.1%	35.1%	29.8%	20.3%	37.5%	25.5%
Some college	33.1%	26.0%	27.7%	50.9%	29.5%	25.9%
College graduate	18.0%	28.2%	31.5%	18.8%	22.2%	22.7%
Graduate school	7.9%	--	11.0%	10.0%	--	25.9%
Annual Family Income
Less than $20,000	9.4%	--	12.4%	--	--	--
$20,000 to less than $30,000	16.8%	--	--	--	--	--
$30,000 to less than $50,000	27.3%	26.8%	12.0%	41.2%	22.6%	23.4%
$50,000 to less than $75,000	27.2%	32.6%	30.3%	24.5%	37.4%	32.1%
$75,000 to less than $100,000	11.5%	23.0%	23.2%	11.7%	--	13.8%
$100,000 or more	7.6%	--	14.3%	--	--	9.2%
Compensation Type
Salaried	33.4%	43.3%	47.5%	35.4%	53.4%	47.9%
Hourly	61.4%	55.0%	44.8%	59.9%	45.6%	39.8%
Other	5.2%	--	--	--	--	12.4%

Table A2-3.6. Covered and Eligible Leave-Takers Within Demographic Groups:
1995 and 2000 Surveys

		Percent of Leave-Takers Within Demographic Category Who Were Covered and Eligible(1)
	1995 Survey		2000 Survey
Gender
Male	60.7%		65.6%
Female	62.7%		64.5%
Age
18 – 24	52.4%		53.5%
25 – 34	63.3%		60.1%
35 – 49	62.0%		66.4%
50 – 64	68.3%		75.1%
65 and over	47.0%		55.3%
Race/Ethnicity
White non-Hispanic	59.9%		62.6%
Black non-Hispanic	74.3%		83.1%
Hispanic	65.4%		62.7%
Asian	NA		72.4%
All others	57.3%		57.9%
Marital Status
Married/Living with partner*	59.8%		64.5%
Separated/Divorced/Widowed	68.9%		66.6%
Never been married	64.1%		65.5%
Children Under 18 in Household
None	64.2%		66.5%
One or more	60.0%		63.9%
Education
Less than high school	66.6%		57.0%
High school graduate**	57.0%		67.2%
Some college	60.6%		66.0%
College graduate	59.1%		62.3%
Graduate school	74.4%		65.4%
Annual Family Income
Less than $20,000	53.7%		45.3%
$20,000 to less than $30,000	61.9%		65.2%
$30,000 to less than $50,000**	57.3%		68.1%
$50,000 to less than $75,000	69.4%		72.1%
$75,000 to less than $100,000	75.8%		80.0%
$100,000 or more	70.0%		51.5%
Compensation Type
Salaried	66.6%		69.8%
Hourly	63.9%		65.8%
Other	31.4%		41.8%

Table A2-3.7. Demographic Characteristics of Covered and Eligible Leave-
Takers: 1995 and 2000 Surveys

	Percent of Leave-Takers Within Demographic Category Who Were Covered and Eligible(1)
	1995 Survey	2000 Survey
Gender
Male	43.0%	42.3%
Female	57.0%	57.7%
Age
18 – 24	9.4%	8.2%
25 – 34*	30.8%	25.7%
35 – 49	40.9%	40.6%
50 – 64**	16.7%	23.6%
65 and over	2.2%	1.8%
Race/Ethnicity
White non-Hispanic	75.6%	73.6%
Black non-Hispanic	13.1%	13.6%
Hispanic	9.4%	7.9%
Asian	NA	2.4%
All others	1.9%	2.5%
Marital Status
Married/Living with partner*	68.5%	74.5%
Separated/Divorced/Widowed**	18.3%	13.0%
Never been married	13.2%	12.4%
Children Under 18 in Household
None*	47.2%	41.4%
One or more*	52.8%	58.6%
Education
Less than high school**	11.1%	5.2%
High school graduate	24.7%	28.9%
Some college	28.9%	33.3%
College graduate	18.6%	21.3%
Graduate school**	16.6%	11.3%
Annual Family Income
Less than $20,000**	16.3%	10.4%
$20,000 to less than $30,000**	18.2%	12.4%
$30,000 to less than $50,000	28.3%	26.7%
$50,000 to less than $75,000**	21.3%	28.5%
$75,000 to less than $100,000	10.8%	13.9%
$100,000 or more*	5.1%	8.0%
Compensation Type
Salaried	39.3%	39.1%
Hourly	56.2%	55.1%
Other	4.6%	5.8%

Table A2-3.8. Length of Longest Leave by Eligibility Status:
2000 Survey

	Percent by Eligibility Status
Length of Longest Leave	Covered and Eligible Leave-Takers	All Other Leave-Takers
1- 3 days	13.0%	11.1%
4 – 5 days	20.8%	22.7%
6 – 10 days	20.2%	20.5%
11 – 30 days	20.5%	16.0%
31 – 60 days	15.9%	19.2%
More than 60 days	9.6%	10.5%

Source: 2000 Survey of Employees.

Table A2-3.9 Establishment Awareness of FMLA Coverage Status:
1995 and 2000 Surveys

Does the Family and Medical Leave Act apply to this location?	Percent of Covered Establishments		Percent of Non-covered Establishments
	1995 Survey	2000 Survey	1995 Survey	2000 Survey
Yes	86.5%	84.0%	8.3%**	16.1%
No	--	1.0%	35.2%	28.4%
Don’t know	12.3%	15.0%	56.5%	55.5%

Table A2-3.10 Awareness of Eligibility for FMLA Among Covered and Non-covered Employees:
1995 and 2000 Surveys

	Percent of Employees
	Covered		Non-covered		All Employees
	1995 Survey	2000 Survey	1995 Survey	2000 Survey	1995 Survey	2000 Survey
Employees who believe they are/were eligible to take advantage of FMLA	29.0%**	37.9%	10.4%**	22.4%	22.7%**	34.3%
Employees who believe they are/were not eligible to take advantage of FMLA	11.4%	13.1%	21.4%	26.4%	14.7%	16.2%
Employees who do not know if they are/were eligible to take advantage of FMLA	59.6%**	49.0%	68.2%**	51.2%	62.5%**	49.5%

** Difference between 1995 and 2000 is significant at p<.05.
Source: 1995 and 2000 Survey of Employees.

CHAPTER 4

TABLES NOT DISPLAYED
IN TEXT

Table A2-4.1. Receipt of Pay During Longest Leave Within Demographic Groups:
2000 Survey

	Percent of Employees Within Each Demographic Category
	Received Pay During Longest Leave	Received No Pay During Longest Leave
Gender**
Male	70.4%	29.6%
Female	62.5%	37.5%
Age**
18 – 24	30.3%	69.7%
25 – 34	65.0%	35.0%
35 – 49	68.5%	31.5%
50 – 64	80.3%	19.7%
65 or over	55.8%	44.2%
Race/Ethnicity
White non-Hispanic	66.4%	33.6%
Black non-Hispanic	58.8%	41.2%
Hispanic	72.6%	27.4%
Asian	62.6%	37.4%
All others	56.6%	43.4%
Marital Status**
Married/Living with partner	69.1%	30.9%
Separated/Divorced/Widowed	73.5%	26.5%
Never been married	37.4%	62.6%
Children Under 18 in Household
None	66.2%	33.8%
One or more	65.6%	34.4%
Education**
Less than high school	39.8%	60.2%
High school graduate	58.7%	41.3%
Some college	62.3%	37.7%
College graduate	80.9%	19.1%
Graduate school	77.2%	22.8%
Annual Family Income**
Less than $20,000	26.2%	73.8%
$20,000 to less than $30,000	62.4%	37.6%
$30,000 to less than $50,000	67.7%	32.3%
$50,000 to less than $75,000	76.2%	23.8%
$75,000 to less than $100,000	81.2%	18.8%
$100,000 or more	79.4%	20.6%
Compensation Type**
Salaried	87.7%	12.3%
Hourly	54.0%	46.0%
Other	49.2%	50.8%

** Difference among demographic groups is significant at p<.05.
Source: 2000 Survey of Employees.

Table A2-4.2. Ease of Making Ends Meet During Leave: 2000 Survey

How easy or difficult was it for you to make ends meet during your longest leave?	Percent of Leave-Takers Receiving Less Than Full Pay
Very easy	13.5%
Somewhat easy	13.8%
Neither easy nor difficult	14.5%
Somewhat difficult	35.7%
Very difficult	22.5%

Note: Column percents may not total to 100% due to rounding.
Source: 2000 Survey of Employees.

Table A2-4.3. Satisfaction with the Length of the Longest Leave:
1995 and 2000 Surveys

How satisfied were you with the amount of time you took?	Percent of Leave-Takers
	1995 Survey	2000 Survey
Very satisfied**	48.2%	42.2%
Somewhat satisfied	27.9%	30.4%
Neither satisfied nor dissatisfied	6.5%	8.7%
Somewhat dissatisfied	11.9%	12.5%
Very dissatisfied	5.6%	6.2%

** Difference between 1995 and 2000 is significant at p<.05.
Note: Column percents may not total to 100% due to rounding.
Source: 1995 and 2000 Survey of Employees.

Table A2-4.4. Reasons for Leave-Takers’ Not Returning to Work:
2000 Survey

Reason for Not Returning to Work:	Percent of Leave-Takers Not Returning to Work
Obtained other income source	&
Health condition continued	21.9%
Laid off/Fired/Replaced	--
Did not want to return to work	29.0%
Could not find child care	--
Other reason	--

-- Indicates less than 10 unweighted cases.
& Indicates zero cell.
Source: 2000 Survey of Employees.

Table A2-4.5. Reasons for Being Denied Leave: 1995 and 2000 Surveys

	Percent of Leave-Takers Denied Leave(1)
Reason:	1995 Survey	2000 Survey
Employer does not offer family/medical leave	46.2%	35.5%
Had not worked for employer long enough	16.5%	17.6%
Had worked too few hours in the previous year	NA	13.9%
Had no leave left	NA	19.5%
Reached the FMLA limit	NA	13.5%
Other reason	NA	65.5%

(1) Percentages do not sum to 100% because respondents could report more than one reason for being denied leave.
NA Indicates item was not asked in 1995 Survey.
Source: 1995 and 2000 Survey of Employees.

Table A2-4.6. Benefit Status During Longest Leave:
1995 and 2000 Surveys

	Percent of Leave-Takers
	1995 Survey	2000 Survey
Lost benefits during longest leave*	8.9%	6.5%
Kept benefits during longest leave*	91.1%	93.5%

* Difference between 1995 and 2000 significant at p<.10.
Source: 1995 and 2000 Survey of Employees.

CHAPTER 5

TABLES NOT DISPLAYED
IN TEXT

Table A2-5.1. Family and Medical Leave Policies by Establishment Size: Reasons for Which
Up to 12 Weeks of Leave is Provided: 2000 Survey

Establishment Provides Leave For: (1)	Percent of Covered Establishments With:		All Covered Establishments
Establishment Provides Leave For: (1)	1- 250 Employees	251+ Employees	All Covered Establishments
Employee’s Own Serious Health Condition
Yes	91.5%	98.8%	91.9%
No	2.9%	--	2.8%
Depends on circumstances	5.6%	--	5.3%
Mother’s Maternity-Related Reasons
Yes	93.9%	96.0%	94.1%
No	3.5%	--	3.4%
Depends on circumstances	2.6%	--	2.5%
Parents to Care for Newborn
Yes	87.3%	96.0%	87.8%
No	5.2%	--	5.1%
Depends on circumstances	7.5%	--	7.2%
Parents for Adoption or Foster Care Placement
Yes	85.2%	94.2%	85.7%
No	6.8%	--	6.6%
Depends on circumstances	8.0%	--	7.7%
Care of Child, Spouse, or Parent for Serious Health Condition
Yes	88.2%	95.4%	88.6%
No	4.7%	--	4.6%
Depends on circumstances	7.1%	--	6.8%
All FMLA Reasons
Yes	83.3%	90.2%	83.7%
No or Depends on circumstances	16.7%	9.8%	16.3%

(1) Order of items was changed in 2000 survey.
-- Indicates less than 10 unweighted cases.
Notes: Column percents may not total to 100% due to rounding.
Source: 2000 Survey of Establishments.

Table A2-5.2. Family and Medical Leave Policies by FMLA Coverage Status: Reasons for
Which Up to 12 Weeks of Leave is Provided: 1995 and 2000 Surveys

Establishment Provides Leave For: (1)	Percent of Covered Establishments		Percent of Non-covered Establishments		Percent of All Establishments
Establishment Provides Leave For: (1)	1995 Survey	2000 Survey	1995 Survey	2000 Survey	1995 Survey	2000 Survey
Employee’s Own Serious Health Condition
Yes	92.6%	91.9%	45.7%**	66.4%	50.8%**	69.2%
No	3.6%	2.8%	41.8%**	21.3%	37.5%**	19.3%
Depends on circumstances	3.8%	5.3%	12.6%	12.2%	11.6%	11.5%
Mother’s Maternity-Related Reasons
Yes	96.6%	94.1%	42.3%**	65.7%	48.4%**	68.8%
No	2.9%	3.4%	46.9%**	23.2%	42.0%**	21.0%
Depends on circumstances	--**	2.5%	10.9%	11.1%	9.7%	10.1%
Parents to Care for Newborn
Yes	92.4%	87.8%	32.3%**	50.5%	38.9%**	54.5%
No	6.0%	5.1%	53.8%**	33.5%	48.6%**	30.4%
Depends on circumstances	1.6%*	7.2%	13.9%	16.1%	12.5%	15.1%
Parents for Adoption or Foster Care Placement
Yes	91.3%	85.7%	29.0%**	43.5%	35.5%**	48.1%
No	7.7%	6.6%	57.4%**	35.9%	52.2%**	32.7%
Depends on circumstances	1.0%**	7.7%	13.7%**	20.6%	12.4%**	19.2%
Care of Child, Spouse, or Parent for Serious Health Condition
Yes	94.2%	88.6%	41.6%**	57.1%	47.4%**	60.6%
No	4.4%	4.6%	46.8%**	29.3%	42.2%**	26.6%
Depends on circumstances	1.4%	6.8%	11.6%	13.6%	10.5%	12.9%
All FMLA Reasons
Yes	88.0%	83.7%	20.7%**	33.5%	27.9%**	39.1%
No or Depends on circumstances	12.0%	16.3%	79.3%**	66.5%	72.1%**	60.9%

(1) Order of items was changed in 2000 survey.
* Difference between 1995 and 2000 is significant at p<.10.
** Difference between 1995 and 2000 is significant at p<.05.
-- Indicates less than 10 unweighted cases.
Notes: Column percents may not total to 100% due to rounding.
Source: 1995 and 2000 Survey of Establishments.

Table A2-5.3. Family and Medical Leave Policies by Establishment Size: Reasons for Which
Health Benefits Are Continued During FMLA Leave: 2000 Survey

Establishment Continues Health Benefits During Leave For: (1)	Percent of Covered Establishments With:		All Covered Establishments
	1- 250 Employees	251+ Employees	All Covered Establishments
Employee’s Own Serious Health Condition
Yes	86.5%	96.5%	87.0%
No	0.9%	&	0.8%
Depends on circumstances	12.7%	3.5%	12.2%
Mother’s Maternity-Related Reasons
Yes	90.6%	98.3%	91.0%
No	--	&	--
Depends on circumstances	8.7%	--	8.4%
Parents to Care for Newborn**
Yes	89.0%	97.1%	89.4%
No	1.2%	--	1.2%
Depends on circumstances	9.8%	--	9.4%
Parents for Adoption or Foster Care Placement
Yes	89.0%	96.0%	89.4%
No	1.3%	--	1.3%
Depends on circumstances	9.6%	3.4%	9.3%
Care of Child, Spouse, or Parent for Serious Health Condition**
Yes	84.4%	97.3%	85.1%
No	1.5%	--	1.4%
Depends on circumstances	14.1%	--	13.5%

(1) Order of items was changed in 2000 survey.
** Difference between sizes categories is significant at p<.05.
-- Indicates less than 10 unweighted cases.
& Indicates no significance test was conducted because of zero cell.
Notes: Column percents may not total to 100% due to rounding.
Includes establishments that provide up to 12 weeks of unpaid leave.
Source: 2000 Survey of Establishments.

Table A2-5.4. Family and Medical Leave Policies by FMLA Coverage Status: Reasons for
Which Health Benefits are Continued During Leave: 1995 and 2000 Surveys

Establishment Continues Health Benefits During Leave For: (1)	Percent of Covered Establishments		Percent of Non-covered Establishments		Percent of All Establishments
	1995 Survey	2000 Survey	1995 Survey	2000 Survey	1995 Survey	2000 Survey
Employee’s Own Serious Health Condition
Yes	95.2%*	87.0%	77.9%	84.0%	82.2%	84.5%
No	1.3%	0.8%	9.1%	4.4%	7.2%	3.8%
Depends on circumstances	3.5%**	12.2%	13.0%	11.6%	10.6%	11.7%
Mother’s Maternity-Related Reasons
Yes	96.3%	91.0%	86.3%	89.0%	88.9%	89.3%
No	1.2%	--	4.3%	2.4%	3.5%	2.1%
Depends on circumstances	2.5%*	8.4%	9.4%	8.6%	7.6%	8.6%
Parents to Care for Newborn
Yes	95.7%*	89.4%	72.4%	78.0%	78.8%	80.1%
No	0.9%	1.2%	7.7%	7.1%	5.9%	6.0%
Depends on circumstances	3.4%*	9.4%	19.8%	14.9%	15.3%	13.9%
Parents for Adoption or Foster Care Placement
Yes	95.8%	89.4%	75.9%	76.2%	81.7%	78.7%
No	1.0%	1.3%	10.4%	6.6%	7.7%	5.6%
Depends on circumstances	3.2%	9.3%	13.7%	17.2%	10.6%	15.7%
Care of child, Spouse, or Parent for Serious Health Condition
Yes	95.2%**	85.1%	69.0%*	81.7%	75.9%	82.3%
No	1.5%	1.4%	11.7%*	4.0%	9.0%*	3.5%
Depends on circumstances	3.3%**	13.5%	19.3%	14.4%	15.1%	14.2%

Table A2-5.5. Family and Medical Leave Policies by FMLA Coverage Status: Reasons
for Which Job Return is Guaranteed: 1995 and 2000 Surveys

Establishment Guarantees Same or Equivalent Job on Return from Leave For: (1)	Percent of Covered Establishments		Percent of Non-covered Establishments		Percent of All Establishments
	1995 Survey	2000 Survey	1995 Survey	2000 Survey	1995 Survey	2000 Survey
Employee’s Own Serious Health Condition
Yes	94.7%	94.1%	86.8%	88.5%	88.1%	89.2%
No	--	--	--	1.5%	--	1.3%
Depends on circumstances	4.6%	5.5%	11.6%	10.0%	10.4%	9.4%
Mother’s Maternity-Related Reasons
Yes	99.2%*	98.2%	87.3%**	93.2%	89.5%*	93.9%
No	&	--	--	1.3%	--	1.2%
Depends on circumstances	0.8%	1.6%	10.6%*	5.5%	8.8%	5.0%
Parents to Care for Newborn
Yes	99.2%**	96.7%	83.8%**	93.8%	86.9%**	94.2%
No	&	--	--	1.9%	--	1.7%
Depends on circumstances	0.8%**	2.8%	14.2%**	4.3%	11.5%**	4.0%
Parents for Adoption or Foster Care Placement
Yes	99.0%	93.8%	85.5%	89.7%	88.2%	90.3%
No	&	--	--	--	--	1.3%
Depends on circumstances	1.0%	5.6%	11.2%	8.9%	9.2%	8.4%
Care of child, Spouse, or Parent for Serious Health Condition
Yes	98.9%	93.4%	86.0%	87.7%	88.3%	88.5%
No	&	--	--	1.4%	--	1.3%
Depends on circumstances	1.1%	5.8%	11.4%	10.9%	9.5%	10.2%

(1) Order of items was changed in 2000 survey.
* Difference between 1995 and 2000 is significant at p<.10.
** Difference between 1995 and 2000 is significant at p<.05.
-- Indicates less than 10 unweighted cases.
& Indicates no significance test was conducted because of zero cell.
Notes: Column percents may not total to 100% due to rounding.
Includes establishments that provide up to 12 weeks of unpaid leave.
Source: 1995 and 2000 Survey of Establishments.

Table A2-5.6. Family and Medical Leave Policies by Establishment Size: Reasons for Which
Job Return is Guaranteed: 2000 Survey

Establishment Guarantees Same or Equivalent Job on Return from Leave For: (1)	Percent of Covered Establishments With:		AllCovered Establishments
	1- 250 Employees	251+ Employees	AllCovered Establishments
Employee’s Own Serious Health Condition
Yes	94.0%	96.5%	94.1%
No	--	&	--
Depends on circumstances	5.6%	--	5.5%
Mother’s Maternity-Related Reasons
Yes	98.3%	96.5%	98.2%
No	--	&	--
Depends on circumstances	1.5%	--	1.6%
Parents to Care for Newborn
Yes	96.6%	98.1%	96.7%
No	--	&	--
Depends on circumstances	2.8%	--	2.8%
Parents for Adoption or Foster Care Placement
Yes	93.6%	97.6%	93.8%
No	--	&	--
Depends on circumstances	5.7%	--	5.6%
Care of Child, Spouse, or Parent for Serious Health Condition
Yes	93.2%	97.6%	93.4%
No	--	&	--
Depends on circumstances	6.0%	--	5.8%

(1) Order of items was changed in 2000 survey.
-- Indicates less than 10 unweighted cases.
& Indicates no significance test was conducted because of zero cell.
Notes: Column percents may not total to 100% due to rounding.
Includes establishments that provide up to 12 weeks of unpaid leave.
Source: 2000 Survey of Establishments.

Table A2-5.7. Provision of Leave Beyond that Guaranteed by FMLA by Establishment Size:
2000 Survey

Establishment ProvidesGuaranteed Leave For:	Percent of Covered Establishments With:		All Covered Establishments
Establishment ProvidesGuaranteed Leave For:	1- 250 Employees	251+ Employees	All Covered Establishments
More Than 12 Weeks Per Year
Yes	22.5%	30.1%	22.9%
No	50.0%	42.6%	49.6%
Depends on circumstances	27.5%	27.3%	27.5%
Employees Who Have Worked for Establishment Less Than 12 Months
Yes	29.0%	24.3%	28.7%
No	42.8%	56.6%	43.6%
Depends on circumstances	28.2%	19.2%	27.7%
Employees Who Have Worked for Less Than 1,250 Hours in the Past Year
Yes	27.1%	26.1%	27.0%
No	45.4%	54.0%	45.9%
Depends on circumstances	27.5%	19.9%	27.0%

Note: Column percents may not total to 100% due to rounding.
Source: 2000 Survey of Establishments.

Table A2-5.8. Provision of Leave for Additional Reasons by FMLA Coverage Status: 2000
Survey

Establishment Allows Additional Leave For:	Percent of Covered Establishments	Percent of Non-covered Establishments	Percent of All Establishments
Attending School Meetings or Activities**
Yes - Separate from other leave	40.9%	60.5%	58.3%
Yes - Not separate from other leave	27.5%	15.7%	17.0%
No	22.2%	18.7%	19.1%
Depends on circumstances	9.4%	5.1%	5.6%
Routine Medical Appointments for Self and Family**
Yes - Separate from other leave	30.9%	62.0%	58.6%
Yes - Not separate from other leave	42.5%	22.6%	24.8%
No	20.1%	12.1%	12.9%
Depends on circumstances	6.5%	3.3%	3.7%

** Difference between covered and non-covered establishments is significant at p<.05.
Note: Column percents may not total to 100% due to rounding.
Source: 2000 Survey of Establishments.

Table A2-5.9. Provision of Leave for Additional Reasons by Establishment Size: 2000 Survey

	Percent of Covered Establishments With:		All Covered Establishments
Establishment AllowsAdditional Leave For:	1- 250 Employees	251+ Employees	All Covered Establishments
Attending School Meetings or Activities*
Yes - Separate from other leave	41.0%	39.3%	40.9%
Yes - Not separate from other leave	27.5%	27.2%	27.5%
No	22.6%	15.1%	22.2%
Depends on circumstances	8.9%	18.4%	9.4%
Routine Medical Appointments for Self and Family
Yes - Separate from other leave	31.0%	28.9%	30.9%
Yes - Not separate from other leave	42.5%	42.6%	42.5%
No	20.2%	17.3%	20.1%
Depends on circumstances	6.3%	11.2%	6.5%

* Difference between size categories is significant at p<.10.
Note: Column percents may not total to 100% due to rounding.
Source: 2000 Survey of Establishments.

Table A2-5.10. Employee Access to Leave for Additional Reasons:
2000 Survey

Does/Did your employer allow you to take leave for the following reason:	Percent of Employees
	Yes	No	Depends
Taking part in children’s school and early childhood educational activities	59.5%	35.3%	5.2%
Attending to routine family medical needs	84.3%	14.1%	1.6%
Helping with elderly relatives’ health care needs	56.6%	40.2%	3.1%

Source: 2000 Survey of Employees.

Table A2-5.11. Employee Use of Additional Leave: 2000 Survey

	Percent of Employees With Access to Leave for this Reason
Has employee taken this kind of leave?	Yes	No
Taking part in children’s school and early childhood educational activities	35.4%	64.6%
Attending to routine family medical needs	49.4%	50.6%
Helping with elderly relatives’ health care needs	22.4%	77.6%

Source: 2000 Survey of Employees.

Table A2-5.12. Employee Need of Additional Leave: 2000 Survey

	Percent of Employees Without Access to Leave for this Reason
Has employee needed this kind of leave?	Yes	No
Taking part in children’s school and early childhood educational activities	14.8%	85.2%
Attending to routine family medical needs	23.1%	76.9%
Helping with elderly relatives’ health care needs	7.1%	92.9%

Source: 2000 Survey of Employees.

Table A2-5.13. Continuation of Pay During Leave by Establishment Size: 2000 Survey

	Percent of Covered Establishments With:		All Covered Establishments
Establishment Provides:	1- 250 Employees	251+ Employees	All Covered Establishments
Paid Sick Leave
Yes	73.8%	82.7%	74.3%
No	18.4%	7.7%	17.9%
Depends on circumstances	7.8%	9.6%	7.9%
Paid Disability Leave**
Yes	61.7%	80.3%	62.7%
No	25.5%	8.0%	24.6%
Depends on circumstances	12.8%	11.7%	12.7%
Paid Vacation
Yes	94.8%	92.6%	94.7%
No	1.0%	--	0.9%
Depends on circumstances	4.2%	6.8%	4.4%
Other Paid Time Off
Yes	43.5%	40.9%	43.3%
No	54.6%	57.6%	54.8%
Depends on circumstances	1.9%	--	1.9%

** Difference between size categories is significant at p<.05.
-- Indicates less than 10 unweighted cases.
Note: Column percents may not total to 100% due to rounding.
Source: 2000 Survey of Establishments.

Table A2-5.14. Continuation of Pay During Leave by Establishment Size: Reasons for Which
Pay is Continued: 2000 Survey

Establishment Continues Pay During Leave For:	Percent of Covered Establishments With:		All Covered Establishments
Establishment Continues Pay During Leave For:	1- 250 Employees	251+ Employees	All Covered Establishments
Parents to Care for Newborn
Full pay	17.3%	16.8%	17.3%
Partial pay	5.8%	9.7%	6.0%
Depends on circumstances	22.6%	23.9%	22.7%
No Pay	54.3%	49.6%	54.1%
Parents for Adoption or Foster Care Placement
Full pay	16.5%	17.1%	16.5%
Partial pay	2.5%	6.0%	2.7%
Depends on circumstances	20.7%	17.2%	20.5%
No Pay	60.3%	59.7%	60.3%
Employee’s Own Serious Health Condition
Full pay	32.7%	38.0%	32.9%
Partial pay	16.7%	22.0%	17.0%
Depends on circumstances	20.1%	22.2%	20.3%
No Pay	30.5%	17.8%	29.8%
Mother’s Maternity-Related Reasons
Full pay	30.5%	33.2%	30.7%
Partial pay	17.7%	25.4%	18.1%
Depends on circumstances	16.0%	22.3%	16.3%
No Pay	35.9%	19.0%	35.0%
Care of Child, Spouse, or Parent for Serious Health Condition
Full pay	15.9%	14.8%	15.9%
Partial pay	3.6%	5.0%	3.6%
Depends on circumstances	21.2%	18.8%	21.1%
No Pay	59.3%	61.4%	59.4%

Note: Column percents may not total to 100% due to rounding.
Source: 2000 Survey of Establishments.

Table A2-5.15. Continuation of Other Benefits During Leave by FMLA Coverage Status:
2000 Survey

Establishment Continues:	Percent of Covered Establishments	Percent of Non-covered Establishments	Percent of All Establishments
Contributions to Pension or Retirement**
Yes	59.1%	43.2%	45.3%
No	25.6%	46.2%	43.5%
Depends on circumstances	15.4%	10.5%	11.1%
Contributions to Life or Disability Insurance**
Yes	82.4%	59.8%	62.7%
No	10.2%	33.8%	30.8%
Depends on circumstances	7.4%	6.4%	6.5%

** Difference between covered and non-covered establishments is significant at p<.05.
Note: Column percents may not total to 100% due to rounding.
Source: 2000 Survey of Establishments.

Table A2-5.16. Continuation of Other Benefits During Leave by Establishment Size:
2000 Survey

Establishment Continues:	Percent of Covered Establishments With:		All Covered Establishments
Establishment Continues:	1- 250 Employees	251+ Employees	All Covered Establishments
Contributions to Pension or Retirement
Yes	59.1%	58.2%	59.1%
No	26.1%	17.9%	25.6%
Depends on circumstances	14.8%	23.9%	15.4%
Contributions to Life or Disability Insurance
Yes	82.4%	81.6%	82.4%
No	10.4%	7.0%	10.2%
Depends on circumstances	7.2%	11.4%	7.4%

Note: Column percents may not total to 100% due to rounding.
Source: 2000 Survey of Establishments.

Table A2-5.17. Continuation of Other Benefits During Leave by FMLA Coverage Status:
1995 and 2000 Surveys

Establishment Continues:	Percent of Covered Establishments		Percent of Non-covered Establishments		Percent of All Establishments
Establishment Continues:	1995 Survey	2000 Survey	1995 Survey	2000 Survey	1995 Survey	2000 Survey
Contributions to Pension or Retirement
Yes	62.5%	59.1%	38.1%	43.2%	41.7%	45.3%
No	20.4%	25.6%	59.0%**	46.2%	53.2%*	43.5%
Depends on circumstances	17.1%	15.4%	3.0%**	10.5%	5.1%**	11.1%
Contributions to Life or Disability Insurance
Yes	91.3%**	82.4%	62.0%	59.8%	66.0%	62.7%
No	5.9%	10.2%	35.5%	33.8%	31.4%	30.8%
Depends on circumstances	2.8%**	7.4%	2.5%**	6.4%	2.5%**	6.5%

* Difference between 1995 and 2000 is significant at p<.10.
** Difference between 1995 and 2000 is significant at p<.05.
Note: Column percents may not total to 100% due to rounding.
Source: 1995 and 2000 Survey of Establishments.

Table A2-5.18. Provision of Other Work-Life Benefits by FMLA Coverage Status: 2000 Survey

	Percent of Covered Establishments	Percent of Non-covered Establishments	Percent of All Establishments
Child Care Assistance**
Yes	47.2%	13.5%	17.2%
No	51.0%	83.8%	80.2%
Depends on circumstances	1.8%	2.7%	2.6%
Elder Care Assistance**
Yes	16.9%	3.0%	4.5%
No	82.1%	94.8%	93.4%
Depends on circumstances	1.0%	2.2%	2.1%
Flexible Work Schedules
Yes	61.3%	71.6%	70.5%
No	26.0%	23.0%	23.4%
Depends on circumstances	12.7%	5.4%	6.2%
Employee Assistance Program**
Yes	53.3%	13.9%	18.2%
No	45.1%	84.1%	79.8%
Depends on circumstances	1.5%	2.0%	2.0%
Adoption Assistance**
Yes	20.5%	1.9%	3.9%
No	77.5%	97.0%	94.9%
Depends on circumstances	1.9%	1.1%	1.2%
Workplace Provisions for Lactation*
Yes	35.5%	21.2%	22.7%
No	53.0%	76.7%	74.2%
Depends on circumstances	11.6%	2.1%	3.1%

* Difference between covered and non-covered establishments is significant at p<.10.
** Difference between covered and non-covered establishments is significant at p<.05.
Note: Column percents may not total to 100% due to rounding.
Source: 2000 Survey of Establishments.

Table A2-5.19. Provision of Other Work-Life Benefits by Size of Covered Establishment:
2000 Survey

Establishment Provides Leave For:	Percent of Covered Establishments With:		All Covered Establishments
Establishment Provides Leave For:	1-250 Employees	251+ Employees	All Covered Establishments
Child Care Assistance
Yes	46.6%	58.5%	47.2%
No	51.6%	39.7%	51.0%
Depends on circumstances	1.8%	--	1.8%
Elder Care Assistance
Yes	16.4%	25.8%	16.9%
	82.7%	71.9%	82.1%
Depends on circumstances	0.9%	--	1.0%
Flexible Work Schedules*
Yes	61.6%	56.7%	61.3%
No	26.1%	24.1%	26.0%
Depends on circumstances	12.3%	19.2%	12.7%
Employee Assistance Program**
Yes	52.1%	74.9%	53.3%
No	46.4%	22.1%	45.1%
Depends on circumstances	1.5%	--	1.5%
Adoption Assistance
Yes	20.5%	21.6%	20.5%
No	77.6%	76.2%	77.5%
Depends on circumstances	1.9%	--	1.9%
Workplace Provisions for Lactation
Yes	34.9%	45.5%	35.5%
No	53.2%	49.9%	53.0%
Depends on circumstances	12.0%	4.6%	11.6%

** Difference between covered and non-covered establishments is significant at p<.05.
-- Indicates less than 10 unweighted cases.
Note. Column percents may not total to 100% due to rounding.
Source: 2000 Survey of Establishments.

Table A2-5.20. Additional Benefits Offered by Employers (as Reported by
Employees): 2000 Survey

	Percent of Employees
	Yes	No	Depends
Flextime	44.7%	53.4%	1.9%
Flexplace/telecommuting	16.1%	82.3%	1.6%
Job sharing	24.6%	74.7%	0.7%
Referral services for child care	18.5%	81.4%	--
Vouchers for child care	6.2%	93.6%	--
Onsite child care	8.7%	91.1%	--
Referral services for elder care	12.6%	87.3%	--
Adoption assistance	8.4%	91.5%	--
Employee Assistance Program	43.4%	56.3%	--
Paid parental leave	29.0%	69.9%	1.1%
Workplace provisions for lactation	13.9%	85.4%	0.7%

-- Indicates less than 10 unweighted cases.
Source: 2000 Survey of Employees.

Table A2-5.21. Benefits Perceived as Most Important by Employees:
2000 Survey

Which two are most important to you?	Percent of Employees Reporting that Three or More Benefits are Offered(1)
Flextime	60.1%
Flexplace/telecommuting	16.4%
Job sharing	18.3%
Referral services for child care	11.7%
Vouchers for child care	3.3%
Onsite child care	7.1%
Referral services for elder care	7.1%
Adoption assistance	--
Employee Assistance Program	38.4%
Paid parental leave	25.0%
Workplace provisions for lactation	3.3%

(1) Percentages do not sum to 100% because respondents were asked to indicate two benefits as most important.
-- Indicates less than 10 unweighted cases.
Source: 2000 Survey of Employees.

CHAPTER 6

TABLES NOT DISPLAYED
IN TEXT

Table A2-6.1. Methods Used to Inform Employees of Their Rights Under FMLA by Establishment Size: 2000 Survey

	Percent of Covered Establishments With: (1)		All Covered Establishments
	1- 250 Employees	251+ Employees	All Covered Establishments
Employee handbook*	92.2%	87.3%	91.9%
Notice on bulletin board	92.4%	92.4%	92.4%
Memos	62.4%	64.0%	62.5%
Computer network, Intranet, or e-mail	31.2%	43.8%	32.0%
Oral notification	80.9%	83.9%	81.0%
Some other method	20.5%	26.1%	20.9%

(1) Does not total to 100% because respondent could select more than one.
* Difference between size categories is significant at p<.10.
Source: 2000 Survey of Establishments.

Table A2-6.2. Awareness of FMLA Notice Among Covered
Employees: 2000 Survey

	Percent of Covered Employees Aware of FMLA
Employees reporting there is/was a notice posted that explains FMLA	55.8%
Employees reporting there is/was not a notice posted that explains FMLA	23.6%
Employees who do not know if there is/was a notice posted that explains FMLA	20.6%

Source: 2000 Survey of Employees.

Table A2-6.3. Management Practices for FMLA Leave: 2000 Survey

	Percent of Covered Establishments
Establishment Requires Employees To:
Provide medical documentation for covered leave due to a serious health condition
Yes	92.0%
No	3.4%
Depends on circumstances	4.6%
Use their paid leave before taking unpaid leave
Yes	63.2%
No	30.8%
Depends on circumstances	5.9%
Establishment Provides Employees:
Alternative work arrangements instead of leave
Yes	43.4%
No	33.4%
Depends on circumstances	3.2%
Written notice of how much FMLA leave they have taken
Yes	82.3%
No	15.0%
Depends on circumstances	2.7%
Written notice of how the Act is coordinated with preexisting leave and benefit policies
Yes	92.6%
No	6.1%
Depends on circumstances	1.3%

Note: Column percents may not total to 100% due to rounding.
Source: 2000 Survey of Establishments.

Table A2-6.4. Frequency That a Leave for Family and Medical Reason is Not
Classified as FMLA Leave: 2000 Survey

Leave is Not Classified as FMLA:	Percent of Covered Establishments
All of the time	0.7%
Most of the time	3.8%
Some of the time	27.8%
Rarely	36.0%
Never	27.6%
Establishment does not maintain records	4.2%

Note: Column percents may not total to 100% due to rounding.
Source: 2000 Survey of Establishments.

Table A2-6.5. Most Frequently Used Method to Cover Work When an
Employee Takes Leave for a Week or Longer: 2000 Survey

Establishment Covers Work By:		Percent of Covered Establishments That Reported More Than One Method
Assigning work temporarily to other employees	74.5%
Hiring an outside temporary replacement	18.0%
Hiring a permanent replacement	--
Putting work on hold until the employee returns from leave	2.4%
Having the employee perform some work while on leave	--
Some other method	4.3%

-- Indicates less than 10 unweighted cases.
Note: Column percents may not total to 100% due to rounding.
Note: Limited to establishments that reported more than one method.
Source: 2000 Survey of Establishments.

Table A2-6.6. Comparing Covered Establishments with 50-99 Employees to Non-covered Establishments with 25-49 Employees: Methods Used to Cover Work When Employees Take Leave: 2000 Survey

	Percent of Covered Establishments With: (1)		All Covered Establishments
	1 - 250 Employees	251+ Employees	All Covered Establishments
Assign work temporarily to other employees	98.2%	99.1%	98.3%
Hire an outside temporary replacement**	39.8%	68.5%	41.3%
Hire a permanent replacement	4.3%	6.6%	4.4%
Put work on hold until the employee return from leave	15.1%	23.9%	15.5%
Have the employee perform some work while on leave*	8.7%	13.3%	9.0%
Cover work some other way	10.9%	5.2%	10.6%

(1) Does not total to 100% because respondent could select more than one.
* Difference between size categories is significant at p<.10.
** Difference between size categories is significant at p<.05.
Source: 2000 Survey of Establishments.

Table A2-6.7. How Work is Covered When Employees Take Leave:
1995 and 2000 Surveys

Work Was Covered By:	Percent of Leave-Takers
Work Was Covered By:	1995 Survey	2000 Survey
Assigning it to other employees*	72.3%	76.5%
Hiring a permanent employee**	6.3%	9.0%
Hiring an outside temporary employee**	16.8%	12.7%
Leaving work for when employee returned	NA	47.1%

* Difference between 1995 and 2000 is significant at p<.10.
** Difference between 1995 and 2000 is significant at p<.05.
NA Indicates item not asked in 1995 survey.
Source: 1995 and 2000 Survey of Employees.

Table A2-6.8. Methods Used Most Often When Employees Take Leave: 2000 Survey

Method Most Often Used	Percent of Leave-Takers Reporting More than One Method of Covering Work
Assigning it to other employees	55.2%
Hiring a permanent employee	9.1%
Hiring an outside temporary employee	13.4%
Leaving work for when employee returned	22.3%

Source: 2000 Survey of Employees.

Table A2-6.9. Usefulness of Provisions in Managing Employee Use
of Leave by FMLA-Covered Establishments: 2000 Survey

	Percent of Covered Establishments
Exception for Highly Paid Key Employees
Very useful	8.3%
Somewhat useful	48.4%
Not at all useful	43.3%
Written Medical Certifications
Very useful	55.1%
Somewhat useful	36.8%
Not at all useful	8.1%
Second and Third Medical Opinions
Very useful	18.0%
Somewhat useful	53.0%
Not at all useful	29.0%
Advance Notice of Foreseeable Leave
Very useful	61.6%
Somewhat useful	32.0%
Not at all useful	6.5%
Transfer to Alternative Position
Very useful	16.2%
Somewhat useful	63.5%
Not at all useful	20.3%

Note: Column percents may not total to 100% due to rounding.
Source: 2000 Survey of Establishments.

Table A2-6.10. Effects of FMLA-Related Administrative Activities by Establishment Size:
2000 Survey

Establishment Provides Leave For:	Percent of Covered Establishments With:		All Covered Establishments
Establishment Provides Leave For:	1 - 250 Employees	251 + Employees	All Covered Establishments
Maintaining Additional Record-Keeping**
Very/Somewhat easy	63.4%	41.8%	62.0%
Very/Somewhat difficult	36.6%	58.2%	38.0%
Determining Whether the Act Applies to the Organization
Very/Somewhat easy	85.4%	93.8%	86.0%
Very/Somewhat difficult	14.6%	6.2%	14.0%
Determining Whether Certain Employees are Eligible**
Very/Somewhat easy	84.0%	73.5%	83.4%
Very/Somewhat difficult	16.0%	26.5%	16.6%
Coordinating State and Federal Leave Policies
Very/Somewhat easy	56.7%	63.1%	57.1%
Very/Somewhat difficult	43.3%	36.9%	42.9%
Coordinating the Act with Other Federal laws
Very/Somewhat easy	47.2%	47.2%	47.2%
Very/Somewhat difficult	52.8%	52.8%	52.8%
Coordinating the Act with Other Leave Policies
Very/Somewhat easy	60.0%	58.9%	59.9%
Very/Somewhat difficult	40.0%	41.1%	40.1%
Coordinating the Act with Employee Attendance Policies
Very/Somewhat easy	66.2%	54.9%	65.5%
Very/Somewhat difficult	33.8%	45.1%	34.5%
Administering FMLA’s Notification, Designation, and Certification Requirements
Very/Somewhat easy	45.5%	47.2%	45.6%
Very/Somewhat difficult	54.5%	52.8%	54.4%
Determining if a Health Condition is a Serious Health Condition Under FMLA
Very/Somewhat easy	57.8%	56.2%	57.7%
Very/Somewhat difficult	42.2%	43.8%	42.3%
Overall Ease of Complying with FMLA
Very/Somewhat easy	64.0%	57.0%	63.6%
Very/Somewhat difficult	36.0%	43.0%	36.4%

** Difference between size categories is significant at p<.05.
Note: Column percents may not total to 100% due to rounding.
Source: 2000 Survey of Establishments.

Table A2-6.11. Effects of FMLA-Related Administrative Activities by Standard Industrial
Classification: 2000 Survey

	Percent of Covered Establishments
	Manufac- turing	Retail	Service	All Other Industries	All Estab- lishments
Maintaining Additional Record-Keeping
Very/Somewhat easy	61.6%	54.6%	70.9%	58.7%	62.0%
Very/Somewhat difficult	38.4%	45.4%	29.1%	41.3%	38.0%
Determining Whether the Act Applies to the Organization
Very/Somewhat easy	86.7%	78.1%	82.2%	92.0%	86.0%
Very/Somewhat difficult	13.3%	21.9%	17.8%	8.0%	14.0%
Determining Whether Certain Employees are Eligible
Very/Somewhat easy	82.1%	72.3%	91.8%	82.3%	83.4%
Very/Somewhat difficult	17.9%	27.7%	8.2%	17.7%	16.6%
Coordinating State and Federal Leave Policies
Very/Somewhat easy	66.5%	53.1%	63.9%	51.4%	57.1%
Very/Somewhat difficult	33.5%	46.9%	36.1%	48.6%	42.9%
Coordinating the Act with Other Federal Laws**
Very/Somewhat easy	55.3%	51.1%	65.4%	29.7%	47.2%
Very/Somewhat difficult	44.7%	48.9%	34.6%	70.3%	52.8%
Coordinating the Act with Other Leave Policies
Very/Somewhat easy	65.9%	71.2%	57.9%	55.0%	59.9%
Very/Somewhat difficult	34.1%	28.8%	42.1%	45.0%	40.1%
Coordinating the Act with Employee Attendance Policies
Very/Somewhat easy	69.4%	63.1%	74.9%	58.5%	65.5%
Very/Somewhat difficult	30.6%	36.9%	25.1%	41.5%	34.5%
Administering FMLA’s Notification, Designation, and Certification Requirements
Very/Somewhat easy	54.0%	51.0%	58.7%	31.2%	45.6%
Very/Somewhat difficult	46.0%	49.0%	41.3%	68.8%	54.4%

Table A2-6.11. Effects of FMLA-Related Administrative Activities by Standard Industrial
Classification: 2000 Survey (continued)

	Percent of Covered Establishments
	Manufac- turing	Retail	Service	All Other Industries	All Estab- lishments
Determining if a Health Condition is a Serious Health Condition Under FMLA
Very/Somewhat easy	60.7%	57.8%	67.7%	49.3%	57.7%
Very/Somewhat difficult	39.3%	42.2%	32.3%	50.7%	42.3%
Overall Ease of Complying with FMLA
Very/Somewhat easy	67.4%	72.4%	62.9%	59.2%	63.6%
Very/Somewhat difficult	32.6%	27.6%	37.1%	40.8%	36.4%

** Difference between economic sectors is significant at p<.05.
Note: Column percents may not total to 100% due to rounding.
Source: 2000 Survey of Establishments.

Table A2-6.12. Effects of Complying with FMLA on Business and Employee Performance by
Establishment Size: 2000 Survey

	Percent of Covered Establishments With:
	1- 250 Employees	251+ Employees	All Covered Establishments
Business Effects
Productivity*
Positive effect	6.7%	14.3%	7.1%
Negative effect	15.7%	26.1%	16.3%
No noticeable effect	77.6%	59.6%	76.5%
Profitability**
Positive effect	2.5%	4.6%	2.6%
Negative effect	9.0%	23.5%	9.8%
No noticeable effect	88.6%	71.9%	87.6%
Growth
Positive effect	2.5%	4.1%	2.6%
Negative effect	10.0%	4.9%	9.7%
No noticeable effect	87.5%	91.0%	87.7%
Employee Effects
Productivity
Positive effect	15.9%	14.1%	15.8%
Negative effect	16.9%	22.2%	17.2%
No noticeable effect	67.2%	63.8%	67.0%
Absences*
Positive effect	4.5%	10.3%	4.8%
Negative effect	18.1%	30.7%	18.9%
No noticeable effect	77.4%	59.0%	76.3%
Turnover
Positive effect	5.4%	9.7%	5.7%
Negative effect	8.7%	2.8%	8.4%
No noticeable effect	85.8%	87.5%	85.9%
Career Advancement
Positive effect	3.8%	5.5%	3.9%
Negative effect	--	--	--
No noticeable effect	95.8%	93.5%	95.6%
Morale
Positive effect	23.4%	36.7%	24.2%
Negative effect	11.0%	13.8%	11.1%
No noticeable effect	65.7%	49.5%	64.7%

* Difference between size categories is significant at p<.10.
** Difference between size categories is significant at p<.05.
-- Indicates less than 10 unweighted cases.
Note: Column percents may not total to 100% due to rounding.
Source: 2000 Survey of Establishments.

Table A2-6.13. The Impact of Intermittent Leave Taken Under FMLA on Covered Establishments
by Size: 2000 Survey

	Percent of Covered Establishments With:		All Covered Establishments
	1- 250 Employees	251+ Employees	All Covered Establishments
Productivity
Large negative impact	--	3.2%	0.5%
Moderate negative impact	12.0%	14.6%	12.2%
Small negative impact**	4.8%	14.5%	5.4%
No impact*	82.3%	65.7%	81.2%
Small positive impact	--	--	--
Moderate positive impact	--	--	--
Large positive impact	&	&	&
Profitability
Large negative impact**	--	1.2%	0.1%
Moderate negative impact**	1.5%	5.5%	1.7%
Small negative impact**	3.8%	10.7%	4.2%
No impact**	94.5%	81.7%	93.7%
Small positive impact	--	--	--
Moderate positive impact	&	--	--
Large positive impact	&	&	&

* Significant at p<.10, using a t-test.
** Significant at p<.05, using a t-test.
& Indicates no significance test was conducted because of zero cell.
-- Indicates less than 10 unweighted cases.
Note. Column percents may not total to 100% due to rounding.
Source: 2000 Survey of Establishments.

Table A2-6.14. Changes in Costs Due to FMLA Since Coverage Began by Establishment Size:
2000 Survey

	Percent of Covered Establishments With:		All Covered Establishments
	1- 250 Employees	251+ Employees	All Covered Establishments
Administrative Costs
Increased	41.9%	63.3%	43.4%
Decreased	--	&	--
Did not change	58.0%	36.7%	56.6%
Cost of Continuing Benefits During Leave (e.g., health plans)**
Increased	26.9%	45.7%	28.1%
Decreased	--	--	--
Did not change	73.0%	54.0%	71.8%
Hiring/Training Costs
Increased	21.6%	35.6%	22.5%
Decreased	--	--	--
Did not change	78.3%	64.3%	77.4%

** Difference between size categories is significant at p<.05.
& Indicates no significance test was conducted because of zero cell.
-- Indicates less than 10 unweighted cases.
Note: Column percents may not total to 100% due to rounding.
Source: 2000 Survey of Establishments.

Table A2-6.15. Changes in Costs Due to FMLA in Past 18 Months by Size: 2000 Survey

	Percent of Covered Establishments With:		All Covered Establishments
	1- 250 Employees	251+ Employees	All Covered Establishments
Administrative Costs**
No increase	50.2%	24.0%	48.6%
Small increase	40.5%	41.2%	40.6%
Moderate increase	8.5%	28.6%	9.7%
Large increase	--	6.2%	1.2%
Cost of Continuing Benefits During Leave (e.g., health plans)**
No increase	65.0%	43.9%	63.7%
Small increase	25.2%	23.8%	25.1%
Moderate increase	9.0%	31.6%	10.3%
Large increase	--	--	0.8%
Hiring/Training Costs**
No increase	67.1%	48.3%	65.9%
Small increase	26.6%	28.9%	26.8%
Moderate increase	5.7%	20.4%	6.6%
Large increase	--	2.4%	0.7%

Table A2-6.16. Change in Costs Due to FMLA in Past 18 Months:
1995 and 2000 Surveys

	Percent of Covered Establishments
	1995 Survey	2000 Survey
Administrative Costs
No increase	52.8%	48.6%
Small Increase	36.4%	40.6%
Moderate Increase	9.4%	9.7%
Large Increase	1.4%	1.2%
Cost of Continuing Benefits During Leave (e.g., health plans)
No increase	65.8%	63.7%
Small Increase	27.6%	25.1%
Moderate Increase	5.2%**	10.3%
Large Increase	1.5%	0.8%
Hiring/Training Costs
No increase	76.3%	65.9%
Small Increase	18.5%	26.8%
Moderate Increase	4.2%	6.6%
Large Increase	1.0%	0.7%

** Difference between 1995 and 2000 is significant at p<.05.
Note: Column percents may not total to 100% due to rounding.
Source: 1995 and 2000 Survey of Establishments.

Table A2-6.17. FMLA-Related Cost Savings by Establishment Size: 2000 Survey

Cost Savings:**	Percent of Covered Establishments With:		All Covered Establishments
Cost Savings:**	1- 250 Employees	251+ Employees	All Covered Establishments
Yes	7.5%	16.3%	8.1%
No	92.5%	83.7%	91.9%

** Difference between size categories is significant at p<.05.
Source: 2000 Survey of Establishments.

Table A2-6.18. FMLA-Related Cost Savings: 1995 and 2000 Surveys

Cost Savings:	Percent of Covered Establishments
Cost Savings:	1995 Survey	2000 Survey
Yes	2.5%**	8.1%
No	97.5%**	91.9%

** Difference between 1995 and 2000 is significant at p<.05.
Source: 1995 and 2000 Survey of Establishments.

Table A2-6.19. Cost Savings Associated with FMLA Compliance:
2000 Survey

	Percent of Covered Establishments
Decreased turnover	77.4%
Increased employee morale	--
Other cost savings	21.7%

-- Indicates less than 10 unweighted cases.
Note: Column percents may not total to 100% due to rounding.
Source: 2000 Survey of Establishments.

Table A2-6.20. Establishments Having FMLA Leave-Takers Not
Returning to Work: 1995 and 2000 Surveys

Establishments Had Leave-Takers That Did Not Return to Work	Percent of Covered Establishments
	1995 Survey	2000 Survey
Yes	33.0%	29.8%
No	67.0%	70.2%

Note: Column percents may not total to 100% due to rounding.
Source: 1995 and 2000 Survey of Establishments.

Table A2-6.21. Number of FMLA Leave-Takers Not Returning to Work:
1995 and 2000 Surveys

Number of Leave-Takers Who Did Not Return to Work	Percent of Covered Establishments With Nonreturning Leave-Takers
Number of Leave-Takers Who Did Not Return to Work	1995 Survey	2000 Survey
One**	85.4%	52.6%
Two**	7.8%	22.0%
More than two**	6.8%	25.4%

** Difference between 1995 and 2000 is significant at p<.05.
Note: Column percents may not total to 100% due to rounding.
Source: 1995 and 2000 Survey of Establishments.

CHAPTER 7

TABLES NOT DISPLAYED
IN TEXT

Table A2-7.1. Standard Industrial Classification of Establishments
Not Covered Under FMLA: 1995 and 2000 Surveys

Establishment Standard Industrial Classification	1995 Survey		2000 Survey
Establishment Standard Industrial Classification	%	(N)	%	(N)
Manufacturing	6.2%	404,609	4.5%	283,506
Retail	22.1%	1,450,036	18.4%	1,159,619
Service	38.1%	2,497,445	35.1%	2,211,895
All other industries	33.5%	2,195,718	41.9%	2,640,982

Note: Column percents may not total to 100% due to rounding.
Source: 1995 and 2000 Survey of Establishments.

Table A2-7.2. Size of Establishments Not Covered Under FMLA:
1995 and 2000 Surveys

	1995 Survey		2000 Survey
Establishments With:	%	(N)	%	(N)
Less than 10 employees	82.5%	5,403,060	80.3%	5,056,694
11 – 24 employees	12.4%	812,378	15.9%	999,829
25 – 49 employees	5.1%	332,370	3.8%	239,479

Note: Column percents may not total to 100% due to rounding.
Source: 1995 and 2000 Survey of Establishments.

Table A2-7.3. Family and Medical Leave Policies by State Laws: Reasons for
Which Up to 12 Weeks of Leave is Provided: 2000 Survey

Establishment Provides Leave For:	Percent of Establishments in a State:
Establishment Provides Leave For:	With Family and Medical Leave Laws	Without Family and Medical Leave Laws
Employee’s Own Serious Health Condition
Yes	65.3%	68.7%
No	21.5%	20.9%
Depends on circumstances	13.2%	10.4%
Mother’s Maternity-Related Reasons
Yes	68.9%	59.7%
No	22.0%	25.5%
Depends on circumstances	9.1%	14.8%
Parents to Care for Newborn
Yes	51.8%	47.9%
No	33.6%	33.2%
Depends on circumstances	14.6%	18.9%
Parents for Adoption or Foster Care Placement
Yes	43.8%	42.9%
No	36.6%	34.6%
Depends on circumstances	19.6%	22.4%
Care of Child, Spouse, or Parent for Serious Health Condition
Yes	56.2%	59.0%
No	29.6%	28.6%
Depends on circumstances	14.2%	12.4%
All FMLA Reasons
Yes	33.1%	34.4%
No	66.9%	65.6%

Note: Column percents may not total to 100% due to rounding.
Source: 2000 Survey of Establishments.

Table A2-7.4. Methods Used to Cover Work When an Employee Takes Leave for a
Week or Longer by Coverage Status: 2000 Survey

Establishment Covers Leave By:	Percent of Covered Establishments	Percent of Non-covered Establishments	Percent of All Establishments
Assigning work temporarily to other employees**	98.3%	86.2%	87.5%
Hiring an outside temporary replacement	41.3%	32.9%	33.8%
Hiring a permanent replacement	4.4%	7.3%	6.9%
Putting work on hold until the employee returns from leave**	15.5%	31.3%	29.6%
Having the employee perform some work while on leave**	9.0%	21.7%	20.3%
Some other method	10.6%	9.6%	9.7%

** Difference between covered and non-covered establishments is significant at p<.05.
Note: Percents do not total to 100% because a respondent could answer "yes" to more than one source.
Source: 2000 Survey of Establishments.

Table A2-7.5. Effects of Current Family and Medical Leave Policies on Establishment and Employee Performance
Among Non-covered Establishments: 2000 Survey

	Percent of Non-covered Establishments
Business Performance
Productivity
Positive effect	23.3%
Negative effect	5.8%
No noticeable effect	70.9%
Profitability
Positive effect	11.3%
Negative effect	17.5%
No noticeable effect	71.2%
Growth
Positive effect	9.8%
Negative effect	13.0%
No noticeable effect	77.2%
Employee Performance
Productivity
Positive effect	25.6%
Negative effect	9.3%
No noticeable effect	65.1%
Absences
Positive effect	17.2%
Negative effect	9.6%
No noticeable effect	73.2%
Turnover
Positive effect	18.2%
Negative effect	5.1%
No noticeable effect	76.8%
Career Advancement
Positive effect	15.1%
Negative effect	--
No noticeable effect	83.5%
Morale
Positive effect	37.3%
Negative effect	5.0%
No noticeable effect	57.7%

-- Indicates less than 10 unweighted cases.
Note: Column percents may not total to 100% due to rounding.
Source: 2000 Survey of Establishments.

Table A2-7.6. Non-covered Establishments’ Anticipated
Impact of FMLA on Business and Employee Performance:
2000 Survey

	Percent of Non-covered Establishments
Business Performance
Productivity
Positive effect	9.9%
Negative effect	50.5%
No noticeable effect	39.6%
Profitability
Positive effect	6.4%
Negative effect	51.1%
No noticeable effect	42.5%
Growth
Positive effect	7.2%
Negative effect	38.6%
No noticeable effect	54.2%
Employee Performance
Productivity
Positive effect	17.2%
Negative effect	40.0%
No noticeable effect	42.8%
Absences
Positive effect	8.2%
Negative effect	31.5%
No noticeable effect	60.4%
Turnover
Positive effect	9.0%
Negative effect	25.2%
No noticeable effect	65.9%
Career Advancement
Positive effect	11.8%
Negative effect	17.6%
No noticeable effect	70.5%
Morale
Positive effect	24.6%
Negative effect	23.9%
No noticeable effect	51.5%

Note: Column percents may not total to 100% due to rounding.
Source: 2000 Survey of Establishments.

Table A2-7.7. Non-covered Establishments’ Anticipated Cost
of FMLA: 2000 Survey

	Percent of Non-covered Establishments
Administrative Costs
No increase	28.5%
Small Increase	26.3%
Moderate Increase	31.1%
Large Increase	14.0%
Hiring/Training Costs
No increase	34.5%
Small Increase	23.4%
Moderate Increase	28.6%
Large Increase	13.5%
Litigation Costs
No increase	57.7%
Small Increase	18.8%
Moderate Increase	12.6%
Large Increase	10.9%
Would There Be Any Cost Savings?
Yes	8.9%
No	91.9%

Note: Column percents may not total to 100% due to rounding.
Source: 2000 Survey of Establishments.

Table A2-7.8. Anticipated Effects of Complying with FMLA Among
Non-covered Establishments: Business and Employee Performance:
1995 and 2000 Surveys

	Percent of Non-covered Establishments
	1995 Survey	2000 Survey
Business Effects
Productivity
Positive effect	7.0%	9.9%
Negative effect	46.8%	50.5%
No noticeable effect	46.1%	39.6%
Profitability
Positive effect	5.5%	6.4%
Negative effect	46.5%	51.1%
No noticeable effect	48.0%	42.5%
Growth
Positive effect*	3.6%	7.2%
Negative effect	33.8%	38.6%
No noticeable effect*	62.6%	54.2%
Employee Effects
Productivity
Positive effect	12.2%	17.2%
Negative effect*	31.0%	40.0%
No noticeable effect**	56.8%	42.8%
Absences
Positive effect	7.8%	8.2%
Negative effect	28.1%	31.5%
No noticeable effect	64.0%	60.4%
Turnover
Positive effect	11.4%	9.0%
Negative effect**	14.9%	25.2%
No noticeable effect*	73.7%	65.9%
Career Advancement
Positive effect*	6.0%	11.8%
Negative effect**	8.5%	17.6%
No noticeable effect**	85.5%	70.5%
Morale
Positive effect	NA	24.6%
Negative effect	NA	23.9%
No noticeable effect	NA	51.5%

* Difference between 1995 and 2000 is significant at p<.10.
** Difference between 1995 and 2000 is significant at p<.05.
NA Indicates item was not asked in 1995 survey.
Note: Column percents may not total to 100% due to rounding.
Source: 1995 and 2000 Survey of Establishments.

Table A2-7.9. Anticipated Impact of Complying with FMLA: Business Costs: 1995 and 2000 Surveys

	Percent of Non-covered Establishments
	1995 Survey	2000 Survey
Administrative Costs
No increase	35.2%	28.5%
Small increase	22.4%	26.3%
Moderate increase	25.5%	31.1%
Large increase	16.9%	14.0%
Hiring or Training Costs
No increase	43.2%	34.5%
Small increase	20.8%	23.4%
Moderate increase**	17.8%	28.6%
Large increase	18.2%	13.5%
Litigation Costs
No increase	NA	57.7%
Small increase	NA	18.8%
Moderate increase	NA	12.6%
Large increase	NA	10.9%
Cost Savings
Yes**	4.2%	8.9%
No**	95.8%	91.1%

** Difference between 1995 and 2000 is significant at p<.05.
NA Indicates item was not asked in 1995 survey.
Note: Column percents may not total to 100% due to rounding.
Source: 1995 and 2000 Survey of Establishments.

Table A2-7.10. Family and Medical Leave Policies by FMLA Coverage Subgroup
Status: Reasons for Providing Up to 12 Weeks of Unpaid Leave: 2000 Survey

Reasons for Providing Leave:	Percent of Covered Establishments with 50-99 Employees	Percent of Non-covered Establishments with 25-49 Employees
Employee’s Own Serious Health Condition
Yes	90.9%	82.2%
No	--	11.8%
Depends on circumstances	4.6%	6.0%
Mother’s Maternity-Related Reasons
Yes	90.3%	75.7%
No	5.5%	11.6%
Depends on circumstances	4.2%	12.6%
Parents to Care for Newborn*
Yes	88.1%	68.5%
No	6.5%	17.0%
Depends on circumstances	5.4%	14.5%
Parents for Adoption or Foster Care Placement
Yes	83.1%	67.8%
No	10.5%	22.1%
Depends on circumstances	6.4%	10.1%
Care of Child, Spouse, or Parent for Serious Health Condition*
Yes	90.0%	75.5%
No	4.5%	16.0%
Depends on circumstances	5.5%	8.5%
All FMLA Reasons**
Yes	81.6%	59.6%
No or Depends on circumstances	18.4%	40.4%

* Difference between subgroups is significant at p<.10.
** Difference between subgroups is significant at p<.05.
-- Indicates less than 10 unweighted cases.
Note: Column percents may not total to 100% due to rounding.
Source: 2000 Survey of Establishments.

Table A2-7.11. Family and Medical Leave Policies by FMLA Covered Subgroup
Status: Continuation of Health Benefits: 2000 Survey

	Percent of Covered Establishments with 50-99 Employees	Percent of Non-covered Establishments with 25-49 Employees
Employee’s Own Serious Health Condition
Yes	89.0%	89.2%
No	--	--
Depends on circumstances	8.8%	8.6%
Mother’s Maternity-Related Reasons
Yes	90.5%	90.6%
No	--	--
Depends on circumstances	8.2%	6.7%
Parents to Care for Newborn
Yes	88.2%	89.5%
No	--	3.5%
Depends on circumstances	9.1%	7.0%
Parents for Adoption or Foster Care Placement
Yes	87.5%	88.7%
No	--	--
Depends on circumstances	9.4%	7.9%
Care of Child, Spouse, or Parent for Serious Health Condition
Yes	85.8%	85.9%
No	--	--
Depends on circumstances	9.9%	11.9%

-- Indicates less than 10 unweighted cases.
Notes: Includes establishments that provide up to 12 weeks of leave for each reason.
Column percents may not total to 100% due to rounding.
Source: 2000 Survey of Establishments.

Table A2-7.12. Family and Medical Leave Policies by FMLA Coverage Status:
Reasons for Which Job Return is Guaranteed: 2000 Survey

	Percent of Covered Establishments with 50-99 Employees	Percent of Non-covered Establishments with 25-49 Employees
Employee’s Own Serious Health Condition
Yes	95.6%	82.9%
No	--	--
Depends on circumstances	4.1%	14.2%
Mother’s Maternity-Related Reasons
Yes	96.9%	94.9%
No	--	--
Depends on circumstances	2.9%	3.5%
Parents to Care for Newborn
Yes	95.1%	94.4%
No	--	--
Depends on circumstances	4.6%	3.7%
Parents for Adoption or Foster Care Placement
Yes	94.9%	86.0%
No	--	--
Depends on circumstances	4.2%	13.1%
Care of Child, Spouse, or Parent for Serious Health Condition*
Yes	93.5%	72.3%
No	--	--
Depends on circumstances	3.7%	25.6%

* Difference between subgroups is significant at p<.10.
-- Indicates less than 10 unweighted cases.
Notes: Includes establishments that provide up to 12 weeks of leave for each reason.
Column percents may not total to 100% due to rounding.
Source: 2000 Survey of Establishments.

Table A2-7.13. Provision of Leave Beyond that Guaranteed by FMLA by Coverage
Subgroup Status: 2000 Survey

	Percent of Covered Establishments with 50-99 Employees	Percent of Non-covered Establishments with 25-49 Employees
More Than 12 Weeks Per Year
Yes	18.2%	17.9%
No	55.9%	36.0%
Depends on circumstances	25.8%	46.2%
Employees Who Have Worked for Establishment Less Than 12 Months*
Yes	25.1%	17.9%
No	54.1%	40.2%
Depends on circumstances	20.9%	41.9%
Employees Who Have Worked for Less Than 1,250 Hours in the Past Year**
Yes	22.9%	17.7%
No	56.6%	38.6%
Depends on circumstances	20.5%	43.7%

* Difference between subgroups is significant at p<.10.
** Difference between subgroups is significant at p<.05.
Note: Percents may not total to 100% due to rounding.
Source: 2000 Survey of Establishments.

Table A2-7.14. Provision of Additional Leave for Additional Reasons by FMLA
Coverage Subgroup Status: 2000 Survey

Establishment Allows Additional Leave For:	Percent of Covered Establishments with 50-99 Employees	Percent of Non-covered Establishments with 25-49 Employees
Attending School Meetings or Activities
Yes - Separate from other leave	46.8%	59.9%
Yes - Not separate from other leave	24.5%	17.7%
No	16.1%	12.5%
Depends on circumstances	12.5%	9.9%
Routine Medical Appointments for Self and Family**
Yes - Separate from other leave	40.8%	62.4%
Yes - Not separate from other leave	40.1%	30.7%
No	8.3%	4.6%
Depends on circumstances	10.7%	--

** Difference between covered and non-covered establishments is significant at p<.05.
-- Indicates less than 10 unweighted cases.
Note: Column percents may not total to 100% due to rounding.
Source: 2000 Survey of Establishments.

Table A2-7.15. Continuation of Other Benefits During Leave by FMLA Coverage
Subgroup Status: 2000 Survey

Establishment Continues:	Percent of Covered Establishments with 50-99 Employees	Percent of Non-covered Establishments with 25-49 Employees
Contributions to Pension or Retirement
Yes	43.8%	44.8%
No	39.8%	43.8%
Depends on circumstances	16.4%	11.4%
Contributions to Life or Disability Insurance
Yes	74.8%	75.8%
No	16.0%	15.8%
Depends on circumstances	9.2%	8.4%

Note: Column percents may not total to 100% due to rounding.
Source: 2000 Survey of Establishments.

Table A2-7.16. Continuation of Pay During Leave by FMLA Coverage Subgroup Status:
2000 Survey

Establishment Continues Pay For:	Percent of Covered Establishments with 50-99 Employees	Percent of Non-covered Establishments with 25-49 Employees
Paid Sick Leave
Yes	68.3%	67.6%
No	21.1%	19.4%
Depends on circumstances	10.6%	13.0%
Paid Disability Leave
Yes	56.2%	53.3%
No	22.9%	30.9%
Depends on circumstances	21.0%	15.9%
Paid Vacation
Yes	90.3%	87.8%
No	--	--
Depends on circumstances	8.1%	--
Other Paid Time Off**
Yes	44.3%	26.7%
No	52.0%	71.1%
Depends on circumstances	3.6%	--

** Difference between subgroups is significant at p<.05.
-- Indicates less than 10 unweighted cases.
Note: Column percents may not total to 100% due to rounding.
Source: 2000 Survey of Establishments.

Table A2-7.17. Continuation of Pay During Leave by FMLA Coverage Subgroup Status:
Reasons for Which Pay is Continued: 2000 Survey

Establishment ContinuesPay During Leave For:	Percent of Covered Establishments with 50-99 Employees	Percent of Non-covered Establishments with 25-49 Employees
Parents to Care for Newborn
Full pay	19.8%	26.5%
Partial pay	4.1%	14.4%
Depends on circumstances	21.0%	25.5%
No Pay	55.1%	33.6%
Parents for Adoption or Foster Care Placement
Full pay	15.3%	20.3%
Partial pay	2.7%	--
Depends on circumstances	20.7%	17.8%
No Pay	61.4%	48.6%
Employee’s Own Serious Health Condition
Full pay	37.8%	31.0%
Partial pay	10.0%	16.6%
Depends on circumstances	22.5%	29.1%
No Pay	29.7%	23.3%
Mother’s Maternity-Related Reasons
Full pay	32.3%	31.9%
Partial pay	10.2%	13.0%
Depends on circumstances	19.4%	25.8%
No Pay	38.1%	29.3%
Care of Child, Spouse, or Parent for Serious Health Condition
Full pay	22.0%	25.7%
Partial pay	--	11.6%
Depends on circumstances	21.8%	28.7%
No Pay	53.9%	34.0%

-- Indicates less than 10 unweighted cases.
Note: Column percents may not total to 100% due to rounding.
Source: 2000 Survey of Establishments.

Table A2-7.18. Provision of Other Work-Life Benefits by FMLA
Coverage Status: 2000 Survey

	Percent of Covered Establishments with 50-99 Employees	Percent of Non-Covered Establishments with 25-49 Employees
Child Care Assistance*
Yes	35.2%	18.2%
No	62.4%	81.4%
Depends on circumstances	--	--
Elder Care Assistance**
Yes	9.4%	3.2%
No	89.8%	96.1%
Depends on circumstances	--	--
Flexible Work Schedules**
Yes	60.5%	76.2%
No	27.6%	16.2%
Depends on circumstances	12.0%	7.6%
Employee Assistance Program**
Yes	41.0%	17.4%
No	56.1%	81.1%
Depends on circumstances	2.9%	--
Adoption Assistance**
Yes	7.7%	--
No	90.2%	97.0%
Depends on circumstances	--	--
Workplace Provisions for Lactation
Yes	26.2%	9.5%
No	65.7%	79.4%
Depends on circumstances	8.1%	--

* Difference between subgroups is significant at p<.10.
** Difference between subgroups is significant at p<.05.
-- Indicates less than 10 unweighted cases.
Note: Percents may not total to 100% due to rounding.
Source: 2000 Survey of Establishments.

Table A2-7.19. Comparison of Non-covered Subgroup’s Anticipated Impact of FMLA
to Covered Subgroup’s Actual Impact of FMLA: 2000 Survey

Business Effects	Percent of Covered Establishments with 50-99 Employees	Percent of Non-covered Establishments with 25-49 Employees
Productivity
Positive effect	10.1%	--
Negative effect**	10.2%	43.1%
No noticeable effect**	79.7%	49.8%
Profitability
Positive effect*	4.6%	--
Negative effect**	12.8%	43.9%
No noticeable effect**	82.6%	54.2%
Growth
Positive effect	--	--
Negative effect**	4.0%	33.5%
No noticeable effect**	92.8%	64.9%
Employee Effects
Productivity
Positive effect	11.7%	13.2%
Negative effect*	14.4%	35.1%
No noticeable effect*	73.9%	51.6%
Absences
Positive effect	5.8%	6.2%
Negative effect	15.6%	33.1%
No noticeable effect	78.6%	60.7%
Turnover
Positive effect	7.5%	6.7%
Negative effect*	--	23.4%
No noticeable effect*	89.8%	69.9%
Career Advancement
Positive effect	4.1%	5.4%
Negative effect**	--	6.8%
No noticeable effect*	94.8%	87.8%
Morale
Positive effect	26.9%	22.7%
Negative effect	7.3%	21.1%
No noticeable effect	65.7%	56.2%

Table A2-7.20. Comparison of Non-covered Subgroups’ Anticipated Cost of FMLA
to Covered Subgroups’ Actual Cost of FMLA: 2000 Survey

	Percent of Covered Establishments with 50-99 Employees	Percent of Non-covered Establishments with 25-49 Employees
Administrative Costs
No increase**	46.8%	17.3%
Small Increase	39.2%	49.3%
Moderate Increase	13.2%	26.4%
Large Increase**	--	7.0%
Hiring/Training Costs
No increase**	70.1%	29.0%
Small Increase	18.6%	15.8%
Moderate Increase**	9.3%	43.7%
Large Increase**	--	11.5%

** Difference between subgroups is significant at p<.05.
-- Indicates less than 10 unweighted cases.
Note: Column percents may not total to 100% due to rounding.

Source: 2000 Survey of Establishments.