2001 National Industry-Specific Occupational Employment and Wage Estimates

SIC 138 - Oil and Gas Field Services

These national industry-specific occupational employment and wage estimates are calculated with data collected from employers of all sizes, in metropolitan and non-metropolitan areas in every State and the District of Columbia, in SIC Industry Group 138 - Oil and Gas Field Services.

These and other data elements, including the 10th, 25th, 75th, and 90th percentile wages are available in the downloadable excel files. Estimates do not include self-employed workers.

SIC Industry Group 138 - Oil and Gas Field Services is part of: SIC Major Group 13 - Oil and Gas Extraction.

Links to other industry-specific estimates and cross-industry estimates

SOC Major Groups in in SIC 138 - Oil and Gas Field Services:

SIC 138 - Oil and Gas Field Services

Click on the SOC code number to view that occupation's definition and national cross-industry estimates.

Industry Total top
Employment Estimates Wage Estimates
SOC Code Number Occupation Title Employment (1) Percent of Total Median Hourly Mean Hourly Mean Annual (2) Mean RSE (3)
00-0000 Industry Total 204,010 100.00% $14.36 $17.42 $36,230 2.1 %
 
Management Occupations top
Employment Estimates Wage Estimates
SOC Code Number Occupation Title Employment (1) Percent of Total Median Hourly Mean Hourly Mean Annual (2) Mean RSE (3)
11-0000 Management Occupations 12,290 6.02% $35.09 $37.30 $77,580 1.9 %
  11-1011 Chief Executives 1,050 0.51% $67.98 $55.26 $114,930 4.3 %
  11-1021 General and Operations Managers 6,270 3.07% $31.99 $33.89 $70,490 2.5 %
  11-2021 Marketing Managers 140 0.07% $46.74 $46.22 $96,130 8.3 %
  11-2022 Sales Managers 520 0.25% $33.93 $35.12 $73,050 4.1 %
  11-3011 Administrative Services Managers 390 0.19% $26.89 $30.88 $64,230 5.4 %
  11-3021 Computer and Information Systems Managers (6) (6) $46.92 $48.43 $100,740 3.0 %
  11-3031 Financial Managers 980 0.48% $38.94 $39.11 $81,340 2.4 %
  11-3040 Human Resources Managers (6) (6) $35.22 $37.50 $78,010 4.1 %
  11-3051 Industrial Production Managers (6) (6) $41.14 $41.11 $85,510 3.9 %
  11-3061 Purchasing Managers 220 0.11% $34.00 $35.33 $73,480 4.8 %
  11-3071 Transportation, Storage, and Distribution Managers 250 0.12% $22.41 $21.77 $45,280 9.9 %
  11-9021 Construction Managers 350 0.17% $33.41 $36.60 $76,130 3.4 %
  11-9041 Engineering Managers (6) (6) $43.79 $44.25 $92,030 3.2 %
  11-9121 Natural Sciences Managers (6) (6) $46.28 $44.96 $93,520 4.2 %
  11-9141 Property, Real Estate, and Community Association Managers (6) (6) $31.99 $32.27 $67,130 9.4 %
 
Business and Financial Operations Occupations top
Employment Estimates Wage Estimates
SOC Code Number Occupation Title Employment (1) Percent of Total Median Hourly Mean Hourly Mean Annual (2) Mean RSE (3)
13-0000 Business and Financial Operations Occupations 4,500 2.21% $25.70 $27.17 $56,510 2.8 %
  13-1023 Purchasing Agents, Except Wholesale, Retail, and Farm Products (6) (6) $24.75 $25.83 $53,730 1.8 %
  13-1041 Compliance Officers, Except Agriculture, Construction, Health and Safety, and Transportation (6) (6) $25.94 $27.06 $56,280 3.1 %
  13-1051 Cost Estimators 270 0.13% $32.37 $31.48 $65,480 3.0 %
  13-1071 Employment, Recruitment, and Placement Specialists (6) (6) $21.64 $24.37 $50,690 3.6 %
  13-1072 Compensation, Benefits, and Job Analysis Specialists (6) (6) $21.68 $24.11 $50,140 3.3 %
  13-1073 Training and Development Specialists 100 0.05% $25.21 $25.35 $52,720 3.8 %
  13-1111 Management Analysts (6) (6) $32.42 $34.79 $72,370 3.4 %
  13-2011 Accountants and Auditors 1,290 0.63% $23.48 $25.07 $52,150 2.2 %
  13-2031 Budget Analysts (6) (6) $27.56 $29.23 $60,800 4.4 %
  13-2051 Financial Analysts (6) (6) $31.55 $32.04 $66,640 3.8 %
 
Computer and Mathematical Occupations top
Employment Estimates Wage Estimates
SOC Code Number Occupation Title Employment (1) Percent of Total Median Hourly Mean Hourly Mean Annual (2) Mean RSE (3)
15-0000 Computer and Mathematical Occupations 1,540 0.75% $28.31 $28.63 $59,550 5.1 %
  15-1021 Computer Programmers 530 0.26% $32.68 $33.28 $69,230 6.6 %
  15-1041 Computer Support Specialists (6) (6) $23.38 $24.40 $50,750 4.3 %
  15-1061 Database Administrators (6) (6) $28.42 $27.41 $57,010 6.1 %
  15-1071 Network and Computer Systems Administrators (6) (6) $25.90 $27.15 $56,480 3.2 %
 
Architecture and Engineering Occupations top
Employment Estimates Wage Estimates
SOC Code Number Occupation Title Employment (1) Percent of Total Median Hourly Mean Hourly Mean Annual (2) Mean RSE (3)
17-0000 Architecture and Engineering Occupations 6,430 3.15% $28.65 $30.17 $62,750 3.5 %
  17-1021 Cartographers and Photogrammetrists 40 0.02% $13.58 $15.55 $32,350 3.8 %
  17-1022 Surveyors 250 0.12% $13.79 $17.89 $37,220 13.9 %
  17-2041 Chemical Engineers (6) (6) $30.53 $33.84 $70,380 6.1 %
  17-2071 Electrical Engineers (6) (6) $34.24 $35.42 $73,670 1.9 %
  17-2072 Electronics Engineers, Except Computer (6) (6) $38.38 $38.50 $80,080 4.3 %
  17-2081 Environmental Engineers (6) (6) $36.33 $37.64 $78,290 3.7 %
  17-2111 Health and Safety Engineers, Except Mining Safety Engineers and Inspectors (6) (6) $32.03 $31.87 $66,290 3.5 %
  17-2112 Industrial Engineers (6) (6) $37.86 $37.90 $78,840 2.5 %
  17-2121 Marine Engineers and Naval Architects 90 0.04% $40.51 $38.27 $79,610 3.3 %
  17-2141 Mechanical Engineers 580 0.28% $27.93 $32.90 $68,430 5.4 %
  17-2151 Mining and Geological Engineers, Including Mining Safety Engineers (6) (6) $27.15 $31.77 $66,070 7.1 %
  17-2171 Petroleum Engineers (6) (6) $32.28 $34.22 $71,170 3.6 %
  17-3013 Mechanical Drafters (6) (6) $20.50 $21.76 $45,250 4.5 %
  17-3023 Electrical and Electronic Engineering Technicians 420 0.21% $16.81 $18.09 $37,620 4.7 %
  17-3024 Electro-Mechanical Technicians (6) (6) $13.40 $17.78 $36,970 13.9 %
  17-3026 Industrial Engineering Technicians 180 0.09% $22.88 $23.14 $48,130 2.3 %
  17-3027 Mechanical Engineering Technicians (6) (6) $19.62 $20.27 $42,160 4.7 %
  17-3031 Surveying and Mapping Technicians (6) (6) $11.43 $12.96 $26,970 5.6 %
 
Life, Physical, and Social Science Occupations top
Employment Estimates Wage Estimates
SOC Code Number Occupation Title Employment (1) Percent of Total Median Hourly Mean Hourly Mean Annual (2) Mean RSE (3)
19-0000 Life, Physical, and Social Science Occupations 6,310 3.09% $21.46 $24.43 $50,810 5.0 %
  19-1031 Conservation Scientists (6) (6) $29.80 $26.14 $54,380 13.4 %
  19-2042 Geoscientists, Except Hydrologists and Geographers (6) (6) $31.76 $33.57 $69,820 4.4 %
  19-3021 Market Research Analysts 80 0.04% $31.38 $30.73 $63,910 6.9 %
  19-4041 Geological and Petroleum Technicians 3,760 1.84% $18.05 $19.14 $39,810 4.4 %
 
Legal Occupations top
Employment Estimates Wage Estimates
SOC Code Number Occupation Title Employment (1) Percent of Total Median Hourly Mean Hourly Mean Annual (2) Mean RSE (3)
23-0000 Legal Occupations 300 0.15% $47.75 $45.39 $94,410 5.8 %
  23-1011 Lawyers (6) (6) $62.65 $57.52 $119,650 5.7 %
  23-2011 Paralegals and Legal Assistants (6) (6) $21.41 $21.86 $45,470 3.4 %
  23-2093 Title Examiners, Abstractors, and Searchers (6) (6) $20.12 $23.22 $48,290 11.3 %
 
Healthcare Practitioners and Technical Occupations top
Employment Estimates Wage Estimates
SOC Code Number Occupation Title Employment (1) Percent of Total Median Hourly Mean Hourly Mean Annual (2) Mean RSE (3)
29-0000 Healthcare Practitioners and Technical Occupations 680 0.33% $22.96 $23.46 $48,810 2.9 %
  29-2041 Emergency Medical Technicians and Paramedics (6) (6) $13.48 $13.31 $27,690 6.7 %
  29-9010 Occupational Health and Safety Specialists and Technicians 520 0.25% $24.49 $25.49 $53,020 2.5 %
 
Protective Service Occupations top
Employment Estimates Wage Estimates
SOC Code Number Occupation Title Employment (1) Percent of Total Median Hourly Mean Hourly Mean Annual (2) Mean RSE (3)
33-0000 Protective Service Occupations 100 0.05% $9.85 $12.72 $26,460 12.8 %
  33-9032 Security Guards (6) (6) $8.74 $9.60 $19,960 4.6 %
 
Food Preparation and Serving Related Occupations top
Employment Estimates Wage Estimates
SOC Code Number Occupation Title Employment (1) Percent of Total Median Hourly Mean Hourly Mean Annual (2) Mean RSE (3)
35-0000 Food Preparation and Serving Related Occupations 340 0.17% $9.80 $9.87 $20,540 4.9 %
 
Building and Grounds Cleaning and Maintenance Occupations top
Employment Estimates Wage Estimates
SOC Code Number Occupation Title Employment (1) Percent of Total Median Hourly Mean Hourly Mean Annual (2) Mean RSE (3)
37-0000 Building and Grounds Cleaning and Maintenance Occupations 640 0.31% $8.30 $9.07 $18,870 4.0 %
  37-2011 Janitors and Cleaners, Except Maids and Housekeeping Cleaners 540 0.26% $7.91 $8.68 $18,050 4.8 %
  37-3011 Landscaping and Groundskeeping Workers (6) (6) $9.31 $10.06 $20,920 8.5 %
 
Sales and Related Occupations top
Employment Estimates Wage Estimates
SOC Code Number Occupation Title Employment (1) Percent of Total Median Hourly Mean Hourly Mean Annual (2) Mean RSE (3)
41-0000 Sales and Related Occupations 3,360 1.65% $26.62 $28.31 $58,890 3.5 %
  41-1011 First-Line Supervisors/Managers of Retail Sales Workers 30 0.01% $28.56 $30.50 $63,440 13.6 %
  41-1012 First-Line Supervisors/Managers of Non-Retail Sales Workers 320 0.16% $30.31 $33.58 $69,850 13.7 %
  41-2021 Counter and Rental Clerks (6) (6) $15.61 $14.32 $29,780 7.8 %
  41-2031 Retail Salespersons (6) (6) $22.29 $21.46 $44,630 6.5 %
  41-4011 Sales Representatives, Wholesale and Manufacturing, Technical and Scientific Products 1,510 0.74% $27.18 $28.53 $59,340 6.2 %
  41-4012 Sales Representatives, Wholesale and Manufacturing, Except Technical and Scientific Products 670 0.33% $26.81 $27.55 $57,300 2.6 %
  41-9022 Real Estate Sales Agents 80 0.04% $19.41 $22.47 $46,730 7.9 %
  41-9031 Sales Engineers 440 0.22% $31.10 $32.17 $66,920 4.9 %
 
Office and Administrative Support Occupations top
Employment Estimates Wage Estimates
SOC Code Number Occupation Title Employment (1) Percent of Total Median Hourly Mean Hourly Mean Annual (2) Mean RSE (3)
43-0000 Office and Administrative Support Occupations 17,690 8.67% $13.14 $14.57 $30,300 2.3 %
  43-1011 First-Line Supervisors/Managers of Office and Administrative Support Workers 1,310 0.64% $19.38 $20.87 $43,410 3.6 %
  43-2011 Switchboard Operators, Including Answering Service 90 0.04% $10.60 $11.34 $23,600 2.4 %
  43-3021 Billing and Posting Clerks and Machine Operators 330 0.16% $12.51 $13.30 $27,660 2.9 %
  43-3031 Bookkeeping, Accounting, and Auditing Clerks 2,300 1.13% $12.70 $13.46 $27,990 2.4 %
  43-3051 Payroll and Timekeeping Clerks 520 0.25% $12.86 $13.24 $27,540 1.8 %
  43-4051 Customer Service Representatives (6) (6) $13.54 $15.71 $32,680 6.0 %
  43-4071 File Clerks (6) (6) $12.87 $13.36 $27,780 6.1 %
  43-4161 Human Resources Assistants, Except Payroll and Timekeeping 250 0.12% $13.93 $15.14 $31,480 3.4 %
  43-4171 Receptionists and Information Clerks 750 0.37% $10.29 $10.38 $21,600 1.7 %
  43-5032 Dispatchers, Except Police, Fire, and Ambulance 1,470 0.72% $20.05 $19.26 $40,060 5.0 %
  43-5061 Production, Planning, and Expediting Clerks 670 0.33% $19.29 $21.10 $43,900 4.6 %
  43-5071 Shipping, Receiving, and Traffic Clerks 220 0.11% $10.98 $12.18 $25,320 4.2 %
  43-5081 Stock Clerks and Order Fillers 520 0.25% $15.15 $15.84 $32,950 6.2 %
  43-5111 Weighers, Measurers, Checkers, and Samplers, Recordkeeping (6) (6) $12.42 $13.77 $28,640 7.6 %
  43-6011 Executive Secretaries and Administrative Assistants 2,230 1.09% $16.44 $17.11 $35,580 2.5 %
  43-6014 Secretaries, Except Legal, Medical, and Executive 3,000 1.47% $11.06 $11.65 $24,240 4.8 %
  43-9011 Computer Operators 250 0.12% $13.99 $15.28 $31,770 4.5 %
  43-9021 Data Entry Keyers (6) (6) $11.45 $11.69 $24,310 5.9 %
  43-9061 Office Clerks, General 2,810 1.38% $10.73 $11.28 $23,470 1.7 %
 
Farming, Fishing, and Forestry Occupations top
Employment Estimates Wage Estimates
SOC Code Number Occupation Title Employment (1) Percent of Total Median Hourly Mean Hourly Mean Annual (2) Mean RSE (3)
45-0000 Farming, Fishing, and Forestry Occupations 80 0.04% $12.52 $13.05 $27,150 9.9 %
 
Construction and Extraction Occupations top
Employment Estimates Wage Estimates
SOC Code Number Occupation Title Employment (1) Percent of Total Median Hourly Mean Hourly Mean Annual (2) Mean RSE (3)
47-0000 Construction and Extraction Occupations 102,110 50.05% $12.99 $14.40 $29,960 1.7 %
  47-1011 First-Line Supervisors/Managers of Construction Trades and Extraction Workers 8,990 4.41% $22.28 $24.09 $50,120 2.5 %
  47-2031 Carpenters 530 0.26% $17.82 $18.28 $38,020 2.8 %
  47-2051 Cement Masons and Concrete Finishers 50 0.02% $16.08 $17.67 $36,760 13.0 %
  47-2061 Construction Laborers 960 0.47% $10.52 $11.80 $24,550 5.3 %
  47-2073 Operating Engineers and Other Construction Equipment Operators 4,340 2.13% $12.88 $14.10 $29,320 3.7 %
  47-2111 Electricians 1,340 0.66% $21.08 $21.10 $43,890 4.2 %
  47-2141 Painters, Construction and Maintenance 310 0.15% $13.44 $14.05 $29,230 1.8 %
  47-2152 Plumbers, Pipefitters, and Steamfitters 1,470 0.72% $17.13 $16.67 $34,680 4.4 %
  47-2211 Sheet Metal Workers 30 0.01% $17.59 $17.59 $36,590 6.8 %
  47-3015 Helpers—Pipelayers, Plumbers, Pipefitters, and Steamfitters (6) (6) $10.55 $11.54 $24,010 4.3 %
  47-4011 Construction and Building Inspectors 110 0.05% $19.49 $19.44 $40,420 7.2 %
  47-5011 Derrick Operators, Oil and Gas 10,790 5.29% $13.69 $14.49 $30,140 1.5 %
  47-5012 Rotary Drill Operators, Oil and Gas 10,390 5.09% $16.28 $17.69 $36,790 2.1 %
  47-5013 Service Unit Operators, Oil, Gas, and Mining 9,770 4.79% $12.97 $14.12 $29,380 2.2 %
  47-5021 Earth Drillers, Except Oil and Gas 1,390 0.68% $16.37 $16.25 $33,800 3.4 %
  47-5031 Explosives Workers, Ordnance Handling Experts, and Blasters 50 0.02% $12.73 $14.33 $29,800 6.2 %
  47-5071 Roustabouts, Oil and Gas 28,920 14.18% $9.70 $10.85 $22,570 3.3 %
  47-5081 Helpers—Extraction Workers 11,980 5.87% $11.79 $12.44 $25,880 2.1 %
 
Installation, Maintenance, and Repair Occupations top
Employment Estimates Wage Estimates
SOC Code Number Occupation Title Employment (1) Percent of Total Median Hourly Mean Hourly Mean Annual (2) Mean RSE (3)
49-0000 Installation, Maintenance, and Repair Occupations 14,100 6.91% $14.79 $16.34 $33,980 1.7 %
  49-1011 First-Line Supervisors/Managers of Mechanics, Installers, and Repairers 1,520 0.75% $24.29 $24.80 $51,590 2.7 %
  49-2094 Electrical and Electronics Repairers, Commercial and Industrial Equipment (6) (6) $20.05 $19.45 $40,460 4.7 %
  49-3023 Automotive Service Technicians and Mechanics 220 0.11% $17.97 $15.91 $33,090 6.2 %
  49-3031 Bus and Truck Mechanics and Diesel Engine Specialists 870 0.43% $14.15 $15.26 $31,730 2.8 %
  49-3042 Mobile Heavy Equipment Mechanics, Except Engines 900 0.44% $14.88 $16.00 $33,290 3.4 %
  49-9012 Control and Valve Installers and Repairers, Except Mechanical Door (6) (6) $21.66 $21.08 $43,840 3.2 %
  49-9041 Industrial Machinery Mechanics 2,180 1.07% $17.10 $18.15 $37,760 2.5 %
  49-9042 Maintenance and Repair Workers, General 2,830 1.39% $12.92 $13.49 $28,050 3.8 %
  49-9043 Maintenance Workers, Machinery (6) (6) $10.05 $11.72 $24,380 8.8 %
  49-9044 Millwrights 350 0.17% $17.92 $19.01 $39,530 3.3 %
  49-9092 Commercial Divers (6) (6) $16.01 $16.74 $34,830 4.1 %
  49-9096 Riggers 1,350 0.66% $12.43 $12.91 $26,860 3.6 %
  49-9098 Helpers—Installation, Maintenance, and Repair Workers 1,080 0.53% $10.85 $11.67 $24,270 3.0 %
 
Production Occupations top
Employment Estimates Wage Estimates
SOC Code Number Occupation Title Employment (1) Percent of Total Median Hourly Mean Hourly Mean Annual (2) Mean RSE (3)
51-0000 Production Occupations 12,900 6.32% $15.99 $16.52 $34,360 1.6 %
  51-1011 First-Line Supervisors/Managers of Production and Operating Workers 1,370 0.67% $21.94 $24.29 $50,520 3.4 %
  51-2092 Team Assemblers (6) (6) $11.66 $11.78 $24,500 4.6 %
  51-4041 Machinists (6) (6) $17.77 $16.88 $35,120 3.7 %
  51-4121 Welders, Cutters, Solderers, and Brazers 3,790 1.86% $15.68 $15.83 $32,930 1.5 %
  51-8092 Gas Plant Operators 400 0.20% $18.11 $18.32 $38,100 6.0 %
  51-8093 Petroleum Pump System Operators, Refinery Operators, and Gaugers 2,060 1.01% $16.24 $16.87 $35,080 3.4 %
  51-9021 Crushing, Grinding, and Polishing Machine Setters, Operators, and Tenders 90 0.04% $13.26 $14.72 $30,620 1.9 %
  51-9061 Inspectors, Testers, Sorters, Samplers, and Weighers 1,210 0.59% $17.41 $16.25 $33,800 7.2 %
  51-9192 Cleaning, Washing, and Metal Pickling Equipment Operators and Tenders 60 0.03% $10.75 $10.92 $22,720 4.3 %
  51-9198 Helpers—Production Workers 1,060 0.52% $8.64 $9.80 $20,380 8.3 %
 
Transportation and Material Moving Occupations top
Employment Estimates Wage Estimates
SOC Code Number Occupation Title Employment (1) Percent of Total Median Hourly Mean Hourly Mean Annual (2) Mean RSE (3)
53-0000 Transportation and Material Moving Occupations 20,460 10.03% $11.88 $13.21 $27,480 2.0 %
  53-1021 First-Line Supervisors/Managers of Helpers, Laborers, and Material Movers, Hand 270 0.13% $21.61 $20.92 $43,520 3.5 %
  53-1031 First-Line Supervisors/Managers of Transportation and Material-Moving Machine and Vehicle Operators 740 0.36% $20.28 $20.17 $41,950 4.2 %
  53-3032 Truck Drivers, Heavy and Tractor-Trailer 8,340 4.09% $10.81 $11.64 $24,220 1.9 %
  53-3033 Truck Drivers, Light Or Delivery Services 590 0.29% $10.61 $12.84 $26,700 6.1 %
  53-5011 Sailors and Marine Oilers 240 0.12% $12.37 $14.07 $29,260 6.3 %
  53-5021 Captains, Mates, and Pilots of Water Vessels 360 0.18% $15.46 $16.79 $34,930 10.5 %
  53-7021 Crane and Tower Operators 1,290 0.63% $15.84 $15.80 $32,860 2.3 %
  53-7032 Excavating and Loading Machine and Dragline Operators 660 0.32% $11.54 $12.52 $26,040 4.6 %
  53-7041 Hoist and Winch Operators 90 0.04% $13.14 $13.77 $28,650 3.6 %
  53-7051 Industrial Truck and Tractor Operators 330 0.16% $14.04 $14.45 $30,070 4.7 %
  53-7061 Cleaners of Vehicles and Equipment 70 0.03% $6.71 $8.52 $17,730 16.0 %
  53-7062 Laborers and Freight, Stock, and Material Movers, Hand 2,430 1.19% $9.85 $10.60 $22,050 4.4 %
  53-7071 Gas Compressor and Gas Pumping Station Operators 420 0.21% $21.74 $20.64 $42,920 4.4 %
  53-7072 Pump Operators, Except Wellhead Pumpers 970 0.48% $12.33 $13.90 $28,920 7.4 %
  53-7073 Wellhead Pumpers (6) (6) $13.65 $14.62 $30,400 4.7 %

About 2001 National Industry-Specific Occupational Employment and Wage Estimates

Estimates for residual, "All Other", occupations are not available.

(1) Data for detailed occupations does not sum to the totals because the totals include data for occupations not shown separately.

(2) Annual wages have been calculated by multiplying the hourly mean wage by a "year-round, full-time" hours figure of 2,080 hours; for those occupations where there is not an hourly mean wage published, the annual wage has been directly calculated from the reported survey data.

(3) The relative standard error (RSE) is a measure of the reliability of a survey statistic. The smaller the relative standard error, the more precise the estimate.

(6) Estimates not released.



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Industry-Specific occupational employment and wage estimates for other SIC groups:

SIC 13 - Oil and Gas Extraction

2001 National Industry-Specific Occupational Employment and Wage Estimates

Other OES estimates and related information:

2001 National Occupational Employment and Wage Estimates (cross-industry estimates)

2001 State Occupational Employment and Wage Estimates (cross-industry estimates)

2001 Metropolitan Area Occupational Employment and Wage Estimates (cross-industry estimates)

Technical notes

List of Occupations in SOC Code Number Order

List of Occupations in Alphabetical Order

 

Last Modified Date: December 23, 2002