| Table 8. | Race and Hispanic Origin of the Population by Nativity: 1850 to 1990 |
|---|---|
| Source: U.S. Bureau of the Census Internet Release date: March 9, 1999 (See text for sources, definitions, and explanations) |
| Year and nativity | Total | Race | Hispanic origin (of any race) 4/ |
White, not of Hispanic origin 4/ |
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| White | Races other than White | ||||||||
| Total | Black | American Indian, Eskimo, and Aleut 1/ |
Asian and Pacific Islander 2/ |
Other race 3/ |
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| 1990* | |||||||||
| Total | 248,709,873 | 199,827,064 | 48,882,809 | 29,930,524 | 2,015,143 | 7,226,986 | 9,710,156 | 21,900,089 | 188,424,773 |
| Native | 228,942,557 | 189,804,252 | 39,138,305 | 28,475,230 | 1,968,224 | 2,668,242 | 6,026,609 | 14,058,439 | 182,257,430 |
| Foreign-born | 19,767,316 | 10,022,812 | 9,744,504 | 1,455,294 | 46,919 | 4,558,744 | 3,683,547 | 7,841,650 | 6,167,343 |
| Percent | 7.9 | 5.0 | 19.9 | 4.9 | 2.3 | 63.1 | 37.9 | 35.8 | 3.3 |
| 1980* | |||||||||
| Total | 226,545,805 | 189,035,012 | 37,510,793 | 26,482,349 | 1,534,336 | 3,726,440 | 5,767,668 | 14,603,683 | 180,602,838 |
| Native | 212,465,899 | 179,711,066 | 32,754,833 | 25,666,629 | 1,496,146 | 1,543,801 | 4,048,257 | 10,430,832 | 173,648,776 |
| Foreign-born | 14,079,906 | 9,323,946 | 4,755,960 | 815,720 | 38,190 | 2,182,639 | 1,719,411 | 4,172,851 | 6,954,062 |
| Percent | 6.2 | 4.9 | 12.7 | 3.1 | 2.5 | 58.6 | 29.8 | 28.6 | 3.9 |
| 1970* | |||||||||
| Total | 203,210,158 | 178,119,221 | 25,090,937 | 22,539,362 | 760,572 | 1,526,401 | 264,602 | 9,072,602 | 169,653,095 |
| Native | 193,590,856 | 169,385,451 | 24,205,405 | 22,285,904 | 746,084 | 981,964 | 191,453 | 7,270,270 | 162,596,991 |
| Foreign-born | 9,619,302 | 8,733,770 | 885,532 | 253,458 | 14,488 | 544,437 | 73,149 | 1,802,332 | 7,056,104 |
| Percent | 4.7 | 4.9 | 3.5 | 1.1 | 1.9 | 35.7 | 27.6 | 19.9 | 4.2 |
| 1960* 5/ | |||||||||
| Total | 179,325,671 | 158,837,671 | 20,488,000 | 18,848,619 | 546,228 | 890,868 | 202,281 | (NA) | (NA) |
| Native | 169,587,528 | 149,543,638 | 20,043,890 | 18,723,297 | (NA) | 607,119 | (NA) | (NA) | (NA) |
| Foreign-born | 9,738,143 | 9,294,033 | 444,110 | 125,322 | (NA) | 283,749 | (NA) | (NA) | (NA) |
| Percent | 5.4 | 5.9 | 2.2 | 0.7 | (NA) | 31.9 | (NA) | (NA) | (NA) |
| 1960* 5/ | |||||||||
| Total | 178,466,732 | 158,460,691 | 20,006,041 | (NA) | (NA) | (NA) | (NA) | (NA) | (NA) |
| Native | 168,805,716 | 149,181,384 | 19,624,332 | (NA) | (NA) | (NA) | (NA) | (NA) | (NA) |
| Foreign-born | 9,661,016 | 9,279,307 | 381,709 | (NA) | (NA) | (NA) | (NA) | (NA) | (NA) |
| Percent | 5.4 | 5.9 | 1.9 | (NA) | (NA) | (NA) | (NA) | (NA) | (NA) |
| 1950 6/ | |||||||||
| Total | 150,216,110 | 134,478,365 | 15,737,745 | 15,044,598 | 342,226 | 320,141 | 48,368 | (NA) | (NA) |
| Native | 139,868,715 | 124,382,950 | 15,485,765 | (NA) | (NA) | (NA) | (NA) | (NA) | (NA) |
| Foreign-born | 10,347,395 | 10,095,415 | 251,980 | (NA) | (NA) | (NA) | (NA) | (NA) | (NA) |
| Percent | 6.9 | 7.5 | 1.6 | (NA) | (NA) | (NA) | (NA) | (NA) | (NA) |
| 1940 | |||||||||
| Total | 131,669,275 | 118,214,870 | 13,454,405 | 12,865,518 | 333,969 | 254,918 | (X) | 1,861,400 | 116,353,470 |
| Native | 120,074,379 | 106,795,732 | 13,278,647 | 12,781,577 | 329,478 | 167,592 | (X) | 1,433,040 | 105,362,692 |
| Foreign-born | 11,594,896 | 11,419,138 | 175,758 | 83,941 | 4,491 | 87,326 | (X) | 428,360 | 10,990,778 |
| Percent | 8.8 | 9.7 | 1.3 | 0.7 | 1.3 | 34.3 | (X) | 23.0 | 9.4 |
| 1930 | |||||||||
| Total | 122,775,046 | 110,286,740 | 12,488,306 | 11,891,143 | 332,397 | 264,766 | (X) | (NA) | (NA) |
| Native | 108,570,897 | 96,303,335 | 12,267,562 | 11,792,523 | 328,845 | 146,194 | (X) | (NA) | (NA) |
| Foreign-born | 14,204,149 | 13,983,405 | 220,744 | 98,620 | 3,552 | 118,572 | (X) | (NA) | (NA) |
| Percent | 11.6 | 12.7 | 1.8 | 0.8 | 1.1 | 44.8 | (X) | (NA) | (NA) |
| 1920 | |||||||||
| Total | 105,710,620 | 94,820,915 | 10,889,705 | 10,463,131 | 244,437 | 182,137 | (X) | (NA) | (NA) |
| Native | 91,789,928 | 81,108,161 | 10,681,767 | 10,389,328 | 238,138 | 54,301 | (X) | (NA) | (NA) |
| Foreign-born | 13,920,692 | 13,712,754 | 207,938 | 73,803 | 6,299 | 127,836 | (X) | (NA) | (NA) |
| Percent | 13.2 | 14.5 | 1.9 | 0.7 | 2.6 | 70.2 | (X) | (NA) | (NA) |
| 1910 | |||||||||
| Total | 91,972,266 | 81,731,957 | 10,240,309 | 9,827,763 | 265,683 | 146,863 | (X) | (NA) | (NA) |
| Native | 78,456,380 | 68,386,412 | 10,069,968 | 9,787,424 | 262,930 | 19,614 | (X) | (NA) | (NA) |
| Foreign-born | 13,515,886 | 13,345,545 | 170,341 | 40,339 | 2,753 | 127,249 | (X) | (NA) | (NA) |
| Percent | 14.7 | 16.3 | 1.7 | 0.4 | 1.0 | 86.6 | (X) | (NA) | (NA) |
| 1900 | |||||||||
| Total | 75,994,575 | 66,809,196 | 9,185,379 | 8,833,994 | 237,196 | 114,189 | (X) | (NA) | (NA) |
| Native | 65,653,299 | 56,595,379 | 9,057,920 | 8,813,658 | 234,983 | 9,279 | (X) | (NA) | (NA) |
| Foreign-born | 10,341,276 | 10,213,817 | 127,459 | 20,336 | 2,213 | 104,910 | (X) | (NA) | (NA) |
| Percent | 13.6 | 15.3 | 1.4 | 0.2 | 0.9 | 91.9 | (X) | (NA) | (NA) |
| 1890* 7/ | |||||||||
| Total | 62,947,714 | 55,101,258 | 7,846,456 | 7,488,676 | 248,253 | 109,527 | (X) | (NA) | (NA) |
| 1890* 7/ | |||||||||
| Total | 62,622,250 | 54,983,890 | 7,638,360 | 7,470,040 | 58,806 | 109,514 | (X) | (NA) | (NA) |
| Native | 53,372,703 | 45,862,023 | 7,510,680 | 7,450,061 | 57,571 | 3,048 | (X) | (NA) | (NA) |
| Foreign-born | 9,249,547 | 9,121,867 | 127,680 | 19,979 | 1,235 | 106,466 | (X) | (NA) | (NA) |
| Percent | 14.8 | 16.6 | 1.7 | 0.3 | 2.1 | 97.2 | (X) | (NA) | (NA) |
| 1880 | |||||||||
| Total | 50,155,783 | 43,402,970 | 6,752,813 | 6,580,793 | 66,407 | 105,613 | (X) | (NA) | (NA) |
| Native | 43,475,840 | 36,843,291 | 6,632,549 | 6,566,776 | 64,587 | 1,186 | (X) | (NA) | (NA) |
| Foreign-born | 6,679,943 | 6,559,679 | 120,264 | 14,017 | 1,820 | 104,427 | (X) | (NA) | (NA) |
| Percent | 13.3 | 15.1 | 1.8 | 0.2 | 2.7 | 98.9 | (X) | (NA) | (NA) |
| 1870 | |||||||||
| Total | 38,558,371 | 33,589,377 | 4,968,994 | 4,880,009 | 25,731 | 63,254 | (X) | (NA) | (NA) |
| Native | 32,991,142 | 28,095,665 | 4,895,477 | 4,870,364 | 24,595 | 518 | (X) | (NA) | (NA) |
| Foreign-born | 5,567,229 | 5,493,712 | 73,517 | 9,645 | 1,136 | 62,736 | (X) | (NA) | (NA) |
| Percent | 14.4 | 16.4 | 1.5 | 0.2 | 4.4 | 99.2 | (X) | (NA) | (NA) |
| 1860 8/ | |||||||||
| Total | 31,443,321 | 26,922,537 | 4,520,784 | 4,441,830 | 44,021 | 34,933 | (X) | (NA) | (NA) |
| Native | 27,304,624 | 22,825,784 | 4,478,840 | 4,434,819 | (NA) | (NA) | (X) | (NA) | (NA) |
| Foreign-born | 4,138,697 | 4,096,753 | 41,944 | 7,011 | (NA) | (NA) | (X) | (NA) | (NA) |
| Percent | 13.2 | 15.2 | 0.9 | 0.2 | (NA) | (NA) | (X) | (NA) | (NA) |
| 1850 8/ | |||||||||
| Total | 23,191,876 | 19,553,068 | 3,638,808 | 3,638,808 | (X) | (X) | (X) | (NA) | (NA) |
| Native | 20,947,274 | 17,312,533 | 3,634,741 | 3,634,741 | (X) | (X) | (X) | (NA) | (NA) |
| Foreign-born | 2,244,602 | 2,240,535 | 4,067 | 4,067 | (X) | (X) | (X) | (NA) | (NA) |
| Percent | 9.7 | 11.5 | 0.1 | 0.1 | (X) | (X) | (X) | (NA) | (NA) |
* Indicates sample data.
- Represents zero.
(X) Not applicable.
(NA) Not available.
| 1/ | For 1950 to 1970, Eskimo and Aleut included with "Other race." |
| 2/ | For 1950 and 1960, Hawaiian included with "Other race." |
| 3/ | The 1950 census was the first census in which the race question included a separate category for "Other race." See text for Table 8. |
| 4/ | Estimates for 1940 of the Hispanic origin population and of the White, not of Hispanic origin population are based on 5-percent sample data on the White population with mother tongue of Spanish. See text for Table 8. |
| 5/ | The 1960 population of Alaska and Hawaii (858,940) is included In the first block of data for 1960 and is excluded in the second block of data for 1960. See text for Table 8 regarding minor inconsistencies in sample data by race for 1960. |
| 6/ | See text for Table 8 regarding minor inconsistencies in sample data by race for 1950. |
| 7/ | The 1890 population of the Indian Territory and on Indian Reservations (325,464), for which data on nativity are not available, is included in the first block of data for 1890 and excluded in the second block of data for 1890. See text for Table 8. |
| 8/ | Data by nativity for the total population in 1850 and 1860 assume, as was done in 1870 census reports, that the entire slave population in 1850 and 1860 was native, that the entire American Indian population in 1860 was native, and that the entire Asian population in 1860 was foreign born. |
