| Table 356. | Participation in adult education during the previous 12 months by adults 17 years old and older, by selected characteristics of participants: 1991, 1995, and 1999 |
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
|Percent| 1995 | 1999
|parti- |__________________________________________________|___________________________________________________________________________
Characteristics | tici- |Popula- | Adult | Percent participating\2\ |Popula- | Adult | Percent participating\2\
of |pating | tion, | educa- |________________________________| tion, | educa- |_________________________________________________________
participants |in any | in | tion | In | In part- | In | Per- | in | tion | In | In |In Eng- | In part- | In | In | Per-
| pro- | thou- |partici-| any |time post-|career | sonal | thou- |partici-| any |basic | lish |time post-|career |appren-| sonal
| gram, | sands | pants, |pro- |secondary |or job |develop| sands | pants, |pro- |educa-| as a |secondary |or job | tice |develop-
| 1991 | |in thou-|gram | educa- |related| ment | |in thou-|gram | tion | second | educa- |related| pro- | ment
| | |sands\1\| | tion |courses|courses| |sands\1\| | |language| tion |courses| grams |courses
______________________________________|_______|________|________|_____|__________|_______|_______|________|________|_____|______|________|__________|_______|_______|________
1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17
______________________________________|_______|________|________|_____|__________|_______|_______|________|________|_____|______|________|__________|_______|_______|________
Total ...........................| 33.0 |189,543 | 76,261 |40.2 | 6.1 | 20.9 | 19.9 |194,434 | 88,809 |45.7 | 2.1 | 0.9 | 9.4 | 23.1 | 1.8 | 22.8
|_______|________|________|_____|__________|_______|_______|________|________|_____|______|________|__________|_______|_______|________
Sex | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Men ................................| 32.6 | 90,256 | 34,450 |38.2 | 5.6 | 21.8 | 15.8 | 92,946 | 40,204 |43.3 | 2.2 | 0.9 | 10.2 | 23.4 | 2.4 | 18.0
Women ..............................| 33.2 | 99,287 | 41,811 |42.1 | 6.5 | 20.2 | 23.5 |101,488 | 48,605 |47.9 | 2.0 | 0.9 | 8.7 | 22.8 | 1.3 | 27.1
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Age | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
17 to 24 years .....................| 37.8 | 22,407 | 10,539 |47.0 | 12.6 | 14.7 | 21.5 | 25,276 | 13,029 |51.5 | 9.8 | 0.9 | 14.7 | 18.9 | 5.1 | 21.5
25 to 29 years .....................| 40.0 | 18,988 | 9,420 |49.6 | 10.9 | 25.5 | 21.0 | 16,403 | 9,308 |56.7 | 2.7 | 2.4 | 17.9 | 30.8 | 3.2 | 24.8
30 to 34 years .....................| 37.6 | 21,338 | 10,088 |47.3 | 8.0 | 26.1 | 23.3 | 18,477 | 10,123 |54.8 | 1.2 | 1.6 | 12.8 | 28.8 | 2.9 | 25.8
35 to 39 years .....................| 42.1 | 22,494 | 10,737 |47.7 | 7.5 | 29.1 | 20.9 | 22,384 | 11,215 |50.1 | 1.3 | 1.5 | 10.8 | 25.6 | 1.7 | 25.7
40 to 44 years .....................| 49.2 | 19,810 | 10,078 |50.9 | 7.1 | 31.2 | 24.9 | 22,874 | 11,833 |51.7 | 0.7 | 0.2 | 9.8 | 33.3 | 1.5 | 24.0
45 to 49 years .....................| 40.0 | 17,463 | 8,499 |48.7 | 5.7 | 32.5 | 21.1 | 19,283 | 10,138 |52.6 | 0.8 | 0.7 | 9.5 | 28.2 | 1.2 | 28.6
50 to 54 years .....................| 26.8 | 14,344 | 6,093 |42.5 | 3.9 | 26.3 | 19.7 | 17,870 | 8,834 |49.4 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 6.8 | 28.5 | 0.9 | 25.3
55 to 59 years .....................| 29.0 | 11,096 | 3,577 |32.2 | 1.7 | 17.8 | 17.3 | 14,058 | 5,483 |39.0 | 0.3 | 0.2 | 5.7 | 23.6 | 0.4 | 17.6
60 to 64 years .....................| 17.4 | 10,728 | 2,540 |23.7 | 0.6 | 10.6 | 15.2 | 10,252 | 3,520 |34.3 |(\3\) | 1.2 | 3.3 | 14.5 | 0.3 | 21.5
65 to 69 years .....................| 14.2 | 10,215 | 1,850 |18.1 | 0.2 | 4.0 | 15.3 | 9,143 | 2,229 |24.4 | 0.2 | 0.3 | 1.3 | 7.1 | (\3\) | 18.2
70 years and over ..................| 8.6 | 20,661 | 2,841 |13.8 | 0.1 | 1.4 | 12.6 | 18,415 | 3,098 |16.8 | 0.8 | (\3\) | 1.7 | 2.2 | (\3\) | 12.8
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Racial/ethnic group | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
White, non-Hispanic ................| 34.1 |144,587 | 59,982 |41.5 | 6.0 | 22.8 | 20.8 |143,679 | 65,547 |45.6 | 1.4 | 0.1 | 8.9 | 24.4 | 1.3 | 23.6
Black, non-Hispanic ................| 25.9 | 20,806 | 7,704 |37.0 | 7.3 | 16.2 | 18.9 | 22,129 | 10,803 |48.8 | 4.9 | 0.5 | 11.1 | 21.1 | 3.6 | 24.9
Hispanic ...........................| 31.4 | 15,689 | 5,281 |33.7 | 4.8 | 11.8 | 13.8 | 19,491 | 7,981 |40.9 | 3.4 | 6.2 | 9.1 | 14.2 | 3.9 | 15.1
Asian American/Pacific Islander ....| 35.9 | 4,377 | 1,739 |39.7 | 6.5 | 18.1 | 15.9 | 5,328 | 2,789 |52.3 | 1.6 | 4.8 | 17.6 | 28.4 | 0.4 | 22.1
American Indian/Alaskan Native .....| 29.3 | 1,155 | 448 |38.8 | 9.3 | 20.6 | 21.6 | 990 | 369 |37.3 |(\3\) | (\3\) | 11.2 | 20.8 | 3.2 | 14.0
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Highest level of education | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
completed | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Eighth grade or less .............. | 7.7 | 12,808 | 1,283 |10.0 | 0.1 | 1.9 | 4.9 | 11,078 | 1,527 |13.8 | 3.1 | 5.2 | 0.2 | 1.3 | 0.4 | 5.8
9th to 12th grade, no diploma ......| 15.8 | 16,511 | 3,332 |20.2 | 0.8 | 4.9 | 9.2 | 21,375 | 5,578 |26.1 | 9.5 | 1.1 | 3.1 | 5.6 | 1.7 | 9.4
High school diploma ............... | 24.1 | 62,956 | 19,341 |30.7 | 3.6 | 13.9 | 15.4 | 53,488 | 19,693 |36.8 | 2.3 | 0.6 | 7.3 | 16.5 | 2.2 | 18.3
Some vocational/technical ..........| 34.2 | 6,327 | 2,648 |41.9 | 5.4 | 21.9 | 21.1 | 6,319 | 2,629 |41.6 | 2.3 | 1.6 | 7.3 | 21.0 | 2.7 | 22.4
Some college .......................| 41.4 | 34,433 | 16,978 |49.3 | 12.1 | 22.3 | 25.3 | 35,147 | 18,220 |51.8 | 0.8 | 0.3 | 13.4 | 22.5 | 2.8 | 28.0
Associate degree ...................| 49.2 | 9,975 | 5,601 |56.1 | 10.9 | 32.1 | 27.4 | 11,377 | 6,735 |59.2 |(\3\) | 0.6 | 18.3 | 35.8 | 2.1 | 25.0
Bachelor's degree ................ | 51.1 | 26,858 | 15,286 |56.9 | 7.1 | 36.1 | 27.0 | 29,890 | 18,018 |60.3 | --- | 0.4 | 10.6 | 37.0 | 1.0 | 30.4
Some graduate work (or study) ......| 55.1 | 19,677 | 11,792 |59.9 | 8.5 | 40.4 | 29.1 | 25,761 | 16,408 |63.7 | --- | 0.6 | 12.7 | 40.1 | 1.1 | 33.6
No degree ........................| --- | 4,123 | 2,563 |62.2 | 15.2 | 32.5 | 33.5 | 4,678 | 2,990 |63.9 | --- | (\3\) | 19.9 | 43.5 | 0.7 | 30.4
Master's .........................| --- | 10,522 | 6,219 |59.1 | 8.1 | 41.0 | 29.0 | 13,461 | 9,059 |67.3 | --- | 0.8 | 13.4 | 40.6 | 0.9 | 38.0
Doctor's .........................| --- | 2,564 | 1,384 |54.0 | 4.7 | 35.0 | 25.1 | 4,817 | 2,444 |50.7 | --- | 0.9 | 6.8 | 27.6 | 2.3 | 28.1
Professional .....................| --- | 2,467 | 1,626 |65.9 | 3.0 | 56.6 | 26.0 | 2,804 | 1,915 |68.3 | --- | (\3\) | 7.9 | 53.1 | 0.6 | 27.3
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Metropolitan area | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Inside metropolitan area ...........| 34.5 |142,522 | 59,627 |41.8 | 6.5 | 22.0 | 20.3 |146,184 | 69,281 |47.4 | 2.2 | 1.1 | 9.4 | 24.4 | 1.9 | 22.9
Inside central city ............. | --- |118,170 | 49,996 |42.3 | 6.7 | 22.7 | 20.2 |125,107 | 60,023 |48.0 | 2.2 | 1.2 | 9.7 | 24.8 | 2.0 | 23.3
Outside central city .............| --- | 24,352 | 9,630 |39.5 | 5.6 | 18.4 | 21.1 | 21,077 | 9,258 |43.9 | 1.9 | 0.4 | 7.9 | 21.8 | 1.4 | 20.9
Outside metropolitan area ..........| 28.3 | 47,021 | 16,634 |35.4 | 4.9 | 17.9 | 18.5 | 48,250 | 19,528 |40.5 | 1.8 | 0.2 | 9.3 | 19.2 | 1.6 | 22.3
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Labor force status | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
In labor force .....................| 40.7 |125,982 | 62,717 |49.8 | 8.1 | 29.8 | 21.7 |140,190 | 74,282 |53.0 | 2.2 | 0.6 | 11.9 | 30.4 | 2.2 | 23.6
Employed .........................| 42.0 |117,826 | 59,734 |50.7 | 8.2 | 31.1 | 22.0 |132,227 | 70,849 |53.6 | 1.8 | 0.5 | 11.9 | 31.5 | 2.2 | 23.8
Unemployed .......................| 26.0 | 8,155 | 2,983 |36.6 | 5.5 | 11.1 | 17.4 | 7,963 | 3,433 |43.1 | 8.2 | 1.9 | 12.2 | 12.0 | 2.5 | 20.2
Not in labor force..................| 15.7 | 63,562 | 13,544 |21.3 | 2.2 | 3.4 | 16.2 | 54,244 | 14,527 |26.8 | 1.8 | 1.5 | 2.9 | 4.2 | 0.8 | 20.7
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Occupation | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Executive, administrative, | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
or managerial ....................| 49.3 | 13,098 | 7,313 |55.8 | 7.3 | 42.1 | 23.1 | 28,665 | 15,986 |55.8 |(\3\) | 0.4 | 10.1 | 37.3 | 1.2 | 24.7
Engineers, surveyors, and | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
architects .......................| 62.6 | 1,756 | 1,150 |65.5 | 14.1 | 44.6 | 23.3 | 1,872 | 1,528 |81.6 |(\3\) | (\3\) | 29.6 | 55.4 | 5.3 | 27.5
Natural scientists and | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
mathematicians ...................| 48.2 | 1,743 | 1,261 |72.3 | 9.9 | 58.6 | 24.8 | 2,387 | 1,665 |69.7 |(\3\) | (\3\) | 12.7 | 53.8 | 1.8 | 22.1
Social scientists and workers, | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
lawyers ..........................| 55.6 | 2,530 | 1,938 |76.6 | 11.5 | 59.4 | 32.3 | 3,216 | 2,608 |81.1 |(\3\) | (\3\) | 13.1 | 60.2 | 0.4 | 38.0
Teachers, elementary and secondary .| 55.0 | 5,414 | 4,155 |76.7 | 16.6 | 52.4 | 36.9 | 6,778 | 5,319 |78.5 |(\3\) | (\3\) | 23.0 | 51.8 | 0.6 | 37.7
Teachers, postsecondary ............| 45.5 | 1,254 | 687 |54.8 | 4.1 | 40.8 | 26.0 | 2,582 | 1,776 |68.8 | 0.3 | 2.3 | 16.6 | 41.8 | 2.3 | 48.1
Physicians, dentists, veterinarians | 67.1 | 859 | 611 |71.1 | 1.2 | 67.1 | 19.0 | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---
Registered nurses, pharmacists .....| 59.6 | 2,337 | 2,026 |86.7 | 10.6 | 71.3 | 33.6 | 3,034 | 2,571 |84.7 |(\3\) | (\3\) | 15.2 | 72.8 | 0.1 | 42.5
Writers, artists, entertainers, and | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
athletes .........................| 42.9 | 1,874 | 934 |49.9 | 7.7 | 23.1 | 30.0 | 2,388 | 1,233 |51.6 | 0.4 | (\3\) | 15.1 | 30.8 | 1.8 | 21.7
Health technologists and technicians| 68.6 | 1,697 | 1,270 |74.8 | 12.8 | 47.5 | 33.0 | 2,077 | 1,445 |69.6 | 1.7 | 0.6 | 21.8 | 42.9 | 5.3 | 35.9
Technologists, except health .......| 55.4 | 3,543 | 2,279 |64.3 | 13.5 | 41.3 | 28.7 | 5,237 | 3,193 |61.0 |(\3\) | 0.3 | 21.1 | 40.7 | 8.5 | 21.1
Marketing and sales occupations ....| 34.4 | 18,174 | 8,038 |44.2 | 6.8 | 23.2 | 20.4 | 14,626 | 7,139 |48.8 | 1.7 | 0.1 | 6.3 | 22.7 | 1.6 | 29.2
Administrative support, including | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
clerical .........................| 29.9 | 22,968 | 11,867 |51.7 | 9.5 | 28.9 | 24.7 | 22,276 | 11,149 |50.1 | 3.1 | 0.3 | 9.9 | 26.0 | 0.6 | 23.1
Service occupations ................| 25.2 | 20,072 | 9,342 |46.5 | 9.0 | 20.9 | 22.8 | 18,192 | 9,231 |50.7 | 6.9 | 1.1 | 13.4 | 18.6 | 2.2 | 23.3
Agriculture, forestry, and fishing .| 14.3 | 2,336 | 616 |26.4 | 1.6 | 11.5 | 15.6 | 2,532 | 953 |37.6 | 3.4 | 2.0 | 8.4 | 15.6 | 6.4 | 11.7
Mechanics and repairers ............| 32.1 | 4,692 | 2,231 |47.6 | 7.1 | 27.7 | 15.6 | 4,519 | 2,001 |44.3 | 2.0 | (\3\) | 15.9 | 16.3 | 4.5 | 23.0
Construction and extractive | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
occupations ......................| 21.9 | 6,100 | 2,319 |38.0 | 4.3 | 17.6 | 18.0 | 5,200 | 1,779 |34.2 | 2.3 | 2.1 | 10.7 | 12.3 | 6.3 | 12.0
Precision production occupations ...| 31.2 | 1,875 | 807 |43.0 | 5.5 | 23.2 | 16.1 | 1,460 | 629 |43.1 | 1.1 | 1.8 | 7.8 | 17.6 | 10.9 | 23.8
Production workers .................| 21.1 | 9,483 | 2,908 |30.7 | 5.8 | 14.7 | 10.7 | 10,121 | 3,803 |37.6 | 2.9 | 0.8 | 6.8 | 18.5 | 1.7 | 17.2
Transportation, material moving ....| 20.7 | 5,311 | 1,507 |28.4 | 3.5 | 15.5 | 11.9 | 5,476 | 1,981 |36.2 | 4.3 | 0.8 | 5.7 | 17.5 | 3.7 | 12.9
Handler, equipment, cleaners, | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
helpers, and laborers ............| 20.8 | 2,456 | 617 |25.1 | 3.1 | 11.1 | 9.7 | 3,683 | 849 |23.1 | 1.1 | 2.1 | 6.3 | 5.6 | 1.2 | 5.0
Miscellaneous occupations ..........| --- | 2,311 | 1,308 |56.6 | 7.9 | 35.4 | 22.6 | 2,161 | 974 |45.1 |(\3\) | 2.7 | 14.3 | 15.6 | 2.7 | 24.7
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Annual family income | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
$5,000 or less .....................| 13.6 | 12,638 | 2,689 |21.3 | 3.3 | 4.1 | 11.8 | 5,306 | 1,029 |19.4 | 4.1 | 1.3 | 2.5 | 5.0 | 0.4 | 10.6
$5,001 to $10,000 ..................| 17.5 | 17,560 | 4,194 |23.9 | 4.0 | 6.7 | 13.2 | 9,029 | 2,165 |24.0 | 5.3 | 1.0 | 3.8 | 4.6 | 1.2 | 13.9
$10,001 to $15,000 .................| 22.8 | 13,523 | 3,610 |26.7 | 4.0 | 8.7 | 14.8 | 11,113 | 2,568 |23.1 | 3.0 | 2.5 | 6.2 | 5.0 | 1.3 | 11.2
$15,001 to $20,000 .................| 21.9 | 13,116 | 4,176 |31.8 | 5.4 | 13.0 | 15.8 | 12,572 | 4,055 |32.3 | 4.4 | 2.1 | 5.9 | 10.8 | 1.6 | 17.8
$20,001 to $25,000 .................| 26.7 | 13,812 | 4,339 |31.4 | 4.8 | 13.3 | 17.0 | 13,864 | 5,039 |36.3 | 1.9 | 1.5 | 8.0 | 12.5 | 3.0 | 18.6
$25,001 to $30,000 .................| 32.1 | 16,386 | 6,208 |37.9 | 6.5 | 17.1 | 19.2 | 16,794 | 6,460 |38.5 | 2.7 | 1.5 | 7.7 | 17.2 | 3.4 | 15.9
$30,001 to $40,000 .................| 35.6 | 28,628 | 12,220 |42.7 | 6.9 | 22.1 | 22.0 | 24,965 | 11,174 |44.8 | 0.9 | 0.9 | 11.9 | 20.0 | 1.7 | 22.2
$40,001 to $50,000 .................| 44.8 | 20,446 | 9,567 |46.8 | 6.8 | 27.0 | 22.4 | 19,816 | 9,354 |47.2 | 0.6 | 0.7 | 11.6 | 26.6 | 2.5 | 23.1
$50,001 to $75,000 .................| 46.6 | 29,161 | 15,169 |52.0 | 7.6 | 32.8 | 23.6 | 34,643 | 19,657 |56.7 | 1.4 | 0.2 | 11.6 | 31.1 | 1.7 | 29.9
More than $75,000 ..................| 48.7 | 24,274 | 14,089 |58.0 | 7.7 | 37.3 | 26.8 | 46,332 | 27,310 |58.9 | 2.0 | 0.3 | 10.1 | 35.9 | 1.2 | 28.5
______________________________________|_______|________|________|_____|__________|_______|_______|________|________|_____|______|________|__________|_______|_______|________ |
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---Not Available. NOTE: Data are based upon a sample survey of the civilian noninstitutional population. Detail may not sum to totals due to rounding and survey item nonresponse. SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, "Participation in Adult Education," unpublished data. (This table was prepared October 1999.)
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