| Table 84. | Principals in public and private elementary and secondary schools, by selected characteristics: 1993-94 and 1999-2000 |
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
| | | Percent distribution of principals, by | Average years of experience | Average annual salary of principals
| | | highest degree earned, 1999-2000\2\ |_________________________________| in constant 1999-2000 dollars\3\
Selected | Total, | Total, |_____________________________________________| | | Prior |
characteristic | 1993-94\1\ | 1999-2000\1\|Bachelor's| Master's |Education | Doctor's | As a | As a | teaching |____________________________________
| | | | |specialist|and first- |principal,|principal, |experience| 1993-94 | 1999-2000
| | | | | |professional|1993-94 | 1999-2000 | 1999-2000| |
__________________________|______________|_____________|__________|__________|__________|____________|__________|___________|__________|________________|___________________
1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12
__________________________|______________|_____________|__________|__________|__________|____________|__________|___________|__________|________________|___________________
| Public schools
|_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Total ....................|79,618 (235.2)|83,790(326.9)| 1.8(0.22)|54.2(0.63)|33.8(0.60)| 10.2 (0.46)| 8.7(0.10)| 9.0 (0.11)|14.0(0.10)|$63,515(146.6) |$66,504 (158.1)
|______________|_____________|__________|__________|__________|____________|__________|___________|__________|________________|___________________
Sex | | | | | | | | | | |
Men ....................|52,114 (612.9)|47,130(603.9)| 1.9(0.29)|57.1(0.90)|31.7(0.92)| 9.4 (0.53)|10.3(0.16)|10.6 (0.14)|13.1(0.14)| 63,589(185.3) | 66,463(241.9)
Women ..................|27,505 (542.4)|36,660(598.2)| 1.7(0.32)|50.6(1.09)|36.4(1.03)| 11.2 (0.66)| 5.6(0.12)| 6.9 (0.12)|15.2(0.14)| 63,374(319.4) | 66,557(248.5)
| | | | | | | | | | |
Race/ethnicity | | | | | | | | | | |
White, non-Hispanic ....|67,081 (539.5)|68,933(578.6)| 1.6(0.21)|53.8(0.75)|34.8(0.66)| 9.7 (0.52)| 9.0(0.12)| 9.2 (0.12)|13.8(0.11)| 63,061(159.7) | 66,198(156.5)
Black, non-Hispanic ....| 8,018 (350.9)| 9,239(320.8)| 0.8(0.24)|51.4(2.13)|34.9(2.00)| 12.8 (1.57)| 7.1(0.21)| 7.9 (0.29)|15.2(0.29)| 66,770(526.2) | 68,044(530.9)
Hispanic ...............| 3,269 (258.2)| 4,326(300.4)| 6.1(2.42)|64.0(3.53)|18.0(2.06)| 11.9 (2.65)| 6.3(0.37)| 7.9 (0.51)|13.9(0.59)| 64,678(924.3) | 68,835(1,080.1)
Asian or Pacific | | | | | | | | | | |
Islander .............| 620 (108.6)| 633(124.1)| 4.5(1.61)|69.8(7.52)| 9.1(2.67)| 16.5 (7.64)| 5.6(0.61)| 5.1 (0.75)|15.8(1.36)| 68,828(1,650.2)| 71,396(1,534.9)
American Indian or | | | | | | | | | | |
Alaska Native ........| 631 (67.3)| 659 (59.7)| 4.7(2.43)|58.0(5.32)|31.6(5.10)| 5.7 (2.77)| 8.2(0.67)| 9.1 (0.84)|13.6(0.84)| 59,184(2,007.5)| 56,986(1,395.8)
| | | | | | | | | | |
Age | | | | | | | | | | |
Under 40 ...............| 5,936 (273.3)| 8,436(302.0)| 5.6(0.98)|64.0(1.94)|25.2(1.83)| 5.2 (0.76)| 2.8(0.13)| 2.9 (0.13)| 8.4(0.12)| 53,886(547.8) | 57,328(464.0)
40 to 44 ...............|14,571 (496.2)|10,510(317.2)| 1.3(0.52)|60.0(2.13)|31.0(1.89)| 7.6 (1.26)| 5.0(0.12)| 5.3 (0.17)|12.0(0.20)| 60,251(446.7) | 62,513(455.5)
45 to 49 ...............|25,427 (429.3)|19,599(534.6)| 1.8(0.43)|54.2(1.23)|35.2(1.24)| 8.7 (0.86)| 7.1(0.13)| 7.4 (0.19)|14.3(0.15)| 64,169(301.9) | 66,549(400.8)
50 to 54 ...............|18,868 (539.2)|27,120(605.8)| 1.6(0.39)|49.8(1.29)|37.7(1.24)| 10.9 (0.77)|10.3(0.18)| 9.9 (0.18)|15.4(0.18)| 65,485(422.0) | 68,625(363.8)
55 or over .............|14,817 (440.7)|18,125(500.0)| 0.7(0.19)|53.0(1.41)|31.9(1.38)| 14.4 (1.27)|15.1(0.35)|14.1 (0.26)|15.5(0.32)| 66,951(573.1) | 69,867(458.9)
| | | | | | | | | | |
Type of school | | | | | | | | | | |
Elementary .............|53,684 (293.5)|60,108(253.2)| 1.8(0.28)|53.9(0.85)|34.6(0.82)| 9.7 (0.57)| 8.9(0.14)| 9.1 (0.14)|14.1(0.13)| 62,709(195.0) | 66,002(195.0)
Secondary ..............|18,262 (161.2)|20,451(196.9)| 1.4(0.22)|55.7(0.90)|31.3(0.77)| 11.6 (0.69)| 8.0(0.12)| 8.6 (0.12)|13.8(0.15)| 65,533(193.5) | 68,554(247.9)
Combined ...............| 2,747 (142.9)| 3,231(146.4)| 4.3(0.55)|50.9(2.74)|33.6(2.11)| 10.9 (2.08)| 7.5(0.29)| 8.1 (0.33)|13.4(0.30)| 61,161(591.1) | 62,880(553.1)
| | | | | | | | | | |
Location of school | | | | | | | | | | |
Metropolitan area | | | | | | | | | | |
Central city .........|19,027 (287.5)|20,097(328.3)| 1.0(0.23)|55.0(1.25)|31.2(1.23)| 12.7 (1.03)| 8.3(0.24)| 8.3 (0.19)|14.5(0.21)| 67,180(289.2) | 69,825(264.9)
Outside central city .|21,700 (369.3)|37,677(430.7)| 1.8(0.40)|51.5(1.15)|35.0(0.94)| 11.7 (0.74)| 8.7(0.22)| 9.1 (0.17)|13.9(0.15)| 71,565(332.9) | 71,982(279.3)
Outside metropolitan | | | | | | | | | | |
area .................|38,891 (326.9)|26,017(368.7)| 2.4(0.38)|57.6(0.97)|33.9(0.94)| 6.1 (0.55)| 8.8(0.17)| 9.2 (0.19)|13.8(0.16)| 56,073(206.3) | 56,006(177.7)
|==============|=============|==========|==========|==========|============|==========|===========|==========|================|===================
| Private schools
|_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Total ....................|25,015 (197.7)|26,231(259.0)|23.6(0.94)|51.0(1.09)| 9.9(0.60)| 8.5 (0.64)| 8.8(0.20)|10.2 (0.20)|14.5(0.22)| 37,137(420.7) | 43,094(482.7)
|______________|_____________|__________|__________|__________|____________|__________|___________|__________|________________|___________________
Sex | | | | | | | | | | |
Men ....................|11,606 (301.4)|11,899(308.0)|19.4(1.22)|50.5(1.49)| 8.8(0.77)| 12.2 (1.00)| 9.0(0.26)|11.4 (0.30)|13.7(0.33)| 41,214(653.7) | 46,321(672.1)
Women ..................|13,410 (282.8)|14,332(307.1)|27.0(1.59)|51.4(1.53)|10.8(0.83)| 5.4 (0.94)| 8.6(0.27)| 9.2 (0.26)|15.2(0.33)| 33,791(703.5) | 40,460(675.8)
| | | | | | | | | | |
Race/ethnicity | | | | | | | | | | |
White, non-Hispanic ....|23,133 (269.6)|23,322(309.2)|22.9(1.00)|52.1(1.13)|10.2(0.60)| 7.4 (0.51)| 8.7(0.22)|10.4 (0.21)|14.7(0.23)| 37,014(463.8) | 43,421(489.4)
Black, non-Hispanic ....| 1,060 (124.0)| 1,574(164.1)|31.1(6.03)|31.0(5.75)| 8.7(3.92)| 25.2 (6.89)| 8.3(1.04)| 8.0 (0.84)|13.8(1.08)| 39,809(2,866.9)| 37,644(2,246.4)
Hispanic ...............| 524 (91.0)| 831(134.6)|30.1(8.02)|50.6(7.60)| 5.7(2.86)| 5.6 (2.60)|10.1(1.43)| 7.6 (1.32)|13.1(1.47)| 36,297(2,266.7)| 42,134(1,948.4)
| | | | | | | | | | |
Age | | | | | | | | | | |
Under 40 ...............| 4,794 (301.6)| 3,747(223.0)|38.1(3.12)|40.0(3.19)| 5.0(1.24)| 1.6 (0.52)| 3.5(0.22)| 2.9 (0.20)| 6.7(0.32)| 30,459(1,006.0)| 35,503(1,079.7)
40 to 44 ...............| 4,403 (217.0)| 3,453(212.0)|29.8(3.05)|43.8(3.32)| 9.9(1.66)| 9.1 (3.12)| 5.3(0.24)| 6.0 (0.36)|11.3(0.41)| 35,297(1,074.6)| 41,270(1,007.3)
45 to 49 ...............| 5,144 (216.1)| 5,213(261.5)|24.1(1.97)|51.0(2.30)| 9.9(1.31)| 9.3 (1.23)| 8.3(0.27)| 9.1 (0.32)|14.1(0.39)| 40,108(852.2) | 44,432(1,215.1)
50 to 54 ...............| 4,120 (227.8)| 5,841(291.0)|22.7(2.52)|54.3(2.86)| 9.5(1.16)| 8.4 (1.07)| 9.6(0.34)|11.0 (0.41)|15.5(0.54)| 43,681(1,156.1)| 47,528(1,206.5)
55 or over .............| 6,553 (244.2)| 7,977(275.9)|14.3(1.69)|56.8(1.98)|12.4(1.05)| 10.9 (1.37)|14.8(0.40)|15.5 (0.43)|19.1(0.47)| 36,797(876.5) | 43,285(873.1)
| | | | | | | | | | |
Type of school | | | | | | | | | | |
Elementary .............|13,354 (158.5)|15,807(244.9)|24.4(1.34)|54.7(1.39)| 9.9(0.76)| 6.1 (0.86)| 9.4(0.27)|10.3 (0.27)|15.1(0.30)| 33,321(514.4) | 39,914(598.9)
Secondary ..............| 2,304 (243.7)| 2,628(133.3)|13.3(2.68)|58.6(3.33)|16.0(1.93)| 10.9 (1.57)| 7.8(0.36)|10.1 (0.41)|16.4(0.62)| 50,577(907.9) | 57,474(1,371.7)
Combined ...............| 6,772 (114.9)| 7,796(265.4)|25.5(1.70)|40.7(2.07)| 7.9(0.89)| 12.5 (1.13)| 8.0(0.34)|10.1 (0.31)|12.7(0.42)| 38,942(1,285.5)| 44,876(918.5)
| | | | | | | | | | |
Location of school | | | | | | | | | | |
Metropolitan area | | | | | | | | | | |
Central city .........| 9,693 (228.4)|11,249(225.5)|18.5(1.42)|55.1(1.72)|11.2(0.87)| 11.1 (1.29)| 9.6(0.27)|10.2 (0.27)|14.8(0.35)| 39,779(643.0) | 45,492(767.8)
Outside central city .| 8,469 (306.0)|10,316(288.8)|25.7(1.52)|50.8(1.60)| 9.8(0.90)| 7.3 (0.71)| 9.2(0.38)|10.6 (0.34)|14.2(0.30)| 40,739(636.1) | 44,454(764.8)
Outside metropolitan | | | | | | | | | | |
area .................| 6,854 (216.1)| 4,666(253.1)|31.1(3.09)|41.2(2.89)| 7.2(1.41)| 4.9 (1.02)| 7.0(0.32)| 9.2 (0.47)|14.7(0.73)| 28,965(966.7) | 33,914(1,135.3)
__________________________|______________|_____________|__________|__________|__________|____________|__________|___________|__________|________________|___________________
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| \1\Total differs from data appearing in other tables because of varying survey processing procedures and time period coverages. NOTE: Some data revised from previously published figures. Detail may not sum to totals due to rounding and survey item nonresponse. Standard errors appear in parentheses. SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Schools and Staffing Survey (SASS), "Public School Principal Questionnaire," 1993-94 and 1999-2000, "Private School Principal Questionnaire," 1993-94 and 1999-2000, and "Charter School Principal Questionnaire," 1999-2000. (This table was prepared November 2003.)
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