By the parenthetical phrase included in section 3(l)(1) of the Act,
a parent or a person standing in place of a parent may employ his own
child or a child in his custody under the age of 16 years in any
occupation other than the following: (a) Manufacturing; (b) mining; (c)
an occupation found by the Secretary to be particularly hazardous or
detrimental to health or well-being for children between the ages of 16
and 18 years. This exemption may apply only in those cases where the
child is exclusively employed by his parent or a person standing in his
parents' place. Thus, where a child assists his father in performing
work for the latter's employer and the child is considered to be
employed both by his father and his father's employer, the parental
exemption would not be applicable. The words ``parent'' or a ``person
standing
in place of a parent'' include natural parents, or any other person,
where the relationship between that person and a child is such that the
person may be said to stand in place of a parent. For example, one who
takes a child into his home and treats it as a member of his own family,
educating and supporting the child as if it were his own, is generally
said to stand to the child in place of a parent. It should further be
noted that occupations found by the Secretary to be hazardous or
detrimental to health or well-being for children between 16 and 18 years
of age, as well as manufacturing and mining occupations, are
specifically excluded from the scope of the exemption.
