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Chemical Sampling Information |
Testosterone |
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General Description
Synonyms: Andro; D4-Androsten-17b-ol-3-one; (17b)-17-Hydroxyandrost-4-en-3-one; Mertestate: Oreton; Testoderm; Testolin; Testro AQ; Virosterone
OSHA IMIS Code Number: T413
Chemical Abstracts Service (CAS) Registry Number: 58-22-0
NIOSH, Registry of Toxic Effects (RTECS) Identification Number: XA3066000
Chemical Description and Physical Properties: odorless, tasteless white crystals or crystalline powder
molecular formula: C19H28O2
molecular weight: 288.39
melting point: 155°C
Health Factors
Potential symptoms: IN MEN: Weight gain; testicular atrophy, oligospermia, azoospermia, priapism (at supraphysiologic doses); increased aggressiveness; IN WOMEN: Acne vulgaris; hirsutism; seborrhea; female-pattern alopecia; deepening of the voice; menstrual irregularities.
Health Effects: Androgenic changes (virilization) in women (HE3); Sterility in men (HE5).
Affected organs: Male and female reproductive systems; skin (pilosebaceous unit)
Notes:
- OSHA does not have a PEL for testosterone, but it is listed in a NIOSH Alert as a drug that should be handled as a hazardous drug.
- Plasma testosterone levels decline with age in both men and women, but are higher in men at any age.
- The mean production rate of testosterone in women with female-pattern hair loss was reported to be at least double the mean rate in normal women.
- Testosterone-induced changes in voice and pattern alopecia are considered to be irreversible, whereas partial reversal of hirsutism is possible.
Date Last Revised: 06/04/2007
Literature Basis:
- National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health: NIOSH Alert: Preventing Occupational Exposure to Antineoplastic and Other Hazardous Drugs in Health Care Settings. NIOSH Publication No. 2004-165.
- Abitbol, J., Abitbol, P. and Abitbol, B.: Sex hormones and the female voice. J. Voice 13(3): 424-446, 1999.
- Davison, S., et al.: Pharmacokinetics and acute safety of inhaled testosterone in postmenopausal women. J. Clin. Pharmacol. 45(2): 177-184, 2005.
- Giammanco, M., Tabacchi, G., Giammanco, S., Di Majo, D. and La Guardia, M.: Testosterone and aggressiveness. Med. Sci. Monit. 11(4): RA136-145, 2005.
- Rhoden, E.L. and Morgentaler, A.: Risks of testosterone-replacement therapy and recommendations for monitoring. N. Engl. J. Med. 350(5): 482-492, 2004.
- Rosenfeld, R.L.: Hirsutism and the variable response of the pilosebaceous unit to androgen. J. Investig. Dermatol. Symp. Proc. 10(3): 205-208, 2005.
- Trenton, A.J. and Currier, G.W.: Behavioral manifestations of anabolic steroid use. CNS Drugs 19(7): 571-595, 2005.
- Vierhapper, H., Nowotny, P. and Waldhäusl, W.: Determination of testosterone production rates in men and women using stable isotope/dilution and mass spectrometry. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 82(5): 1492-1496, 1997.
- Vierhapper, H., Maier, H., Nowotny, P. and Waldhäusl, W.: Production rates of testosterone and of dihydrotestosterone in female pattern hair loss. Metabolism 52(7): 727-729, 2003.
- World Health Organization: Contraceptive efficacy of testosterone-induced azospermia and oligospermia in normal men. Fertil. Seril. 65(4): 821-829, 1996.
- Zouboulis, C.C., Chen, W.C., Thornton, M.J. Qin, K. and Rosenfield, R.: Sexual hormones in human skin. Horm. Metab. Res. 39(2): 85-95, 2007.
- Zumoff, B., Strain, G.W., Miller, L.K. and Rosner, W.: Twenty-four-hour mean plasma testosterone concentration declines with age in normal premenopausal women. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 80(4): 1429-1430, 1995.
Monitoring Methods used by OSHA
Laboratory Sampling/Analytical Method:
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sampling media: Glass Fiber Filter (37 mm) in 3-piece cassette
analytical solvent: Methanol
maximum volume: 240 Liters maximum flow rate: 1.0 L/min
current analytical method: High Performance Liquid Chromatography; HPLC/UV at 240nm
method reference: OSHA Analytical Method (OSHA PV2001)
method classification: Partially Validated
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