Table 27.

Amount and percentage distribution of direct general expenditures of state and local governments, by function: Selected years, 1970–71 through 2004–05

Function	1970–71	1980–81	1990–91	1994–95	1998–99	1999– 2000	2000–01	2001–02	2002–03	2003–04	2004–05
1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10	11	12
	Amount (in millions of current dollars)
Total direct general expenditures	$150,674	$407,449	$908,108	$1,146,188	$1,398,533	$1,502,768	$1,621,757	$1,732,478	$1,817,513	$1,903,194	$2,009,644
Education and libraries	60,174	147,649	313,744	383,557	490,100	528,767	571,374	602,954	630,246	664,561	699,247
Social services and income maintenance	30,376	92,555	214,919	303,208	338,964	365,226	396,086	433,685	467,625	501,116	537,983
Public welfare	18,226	54,121	130,402	193,110	215,190	233,350	257,380	281,176	306,463	335,257	362,007
Hospitals and health	11,205	36,101	81,110	105,946	119,361	127,342	134,010	147,065	154,878	159,676	170,244
Employment security administration1	945	2,276	3,250	3,946	4,130	4,178	4,359	5,082	5,267	4,679	4,383
Veterans' services	†	57	157	206	283	357	337	361	1,017	1,504	1,349
Transportation	19,819	39,231	75,410	88,938	110,163	118,974	130,422	136,824	142,255	141,959	147,629	2
Public safety	9,416	31,233	79,932	101,157	128,743	137,809	146,544	156,702	162,279	166,056	177,524
Police and fire protection	7,531	21,283	46,568	58,064	74,629	79,900	84,554	90,456	95,215	98,037	105,398
Correction	1,885	7,393	27,356	35,857	45,598	48,805	52,370	54,615	55,471	56,521	59,253
Protective inspection and regulation	†	2,557	6,008	7,236	8,516	9,104	9,620	11,631	11,593	11,498	12,873
Environment and housing	11,832	35,223	76,167	93,221	109,930	117,123	124,203	134,033	141,571	146,895	153,451
Natural resources, parks, and recreation	5,191	13,239	28,505	33,140	41,649	45,272	50,082	52,101	54,573	53,766	55,804
Housing and community development	2,554	7,086	16,648	21,509	25,234	26,590	27,402	31,623	35,275	37,221	39,995
Sewerage and sanitation	4,087	14,898	31,014	38,573	43,047	45,261	46,718	50,309	51,723	55,908	57,652
Governmental administration	6,703	20,001	48,461	60,018	76,699	81,659	85,910	92,779	98,658	100,741	106,601
Financial administration	2,271	7,230	16,995	22,380	27,593	29,300	30,007	32,660	34,911	36,163	36,549
General control3	4,432	12,771	31,466	37,638	49,106	52,360	55,903	60,119	63,747	64,579	70,052
Interest on general debt	5,089	17,131	52,234	56,970	67,294	69,814	73,836	75,287	77,277	81,723	80,980
Other direct general expenditures, not elsewhere classified	7,265	24,426	47,242	59,119	76,640	83,395	93,382	100,215	97,602	100,143	106,231
	Percentage distribution
Total direct general expenditures	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Education and libraries	39.9	36.2	34.5	33.5	35.0	35.2	35.2	34.8	34.7	34.9	34.8
Social services and income maintenance	20.2	22.7	23.7	26.5	24.2	24.3	24.4	25.0	25.7	26.3	26.8
Public welfare	12.1	13.3	14.4	16.8	15.4	15.5	15.9	16.2	16.9	17.6	18.0
Hospitals and health	7.4	8.9	8.9	9.2	8.5	8.5	8.3	8.5	8.5	8.4	8.5
Employment security administration1	0.6	0.6	0.4	0.3	0.3	0.3	0.3	0.3	0.3	0.2	0.2
Veterans' services	†	#	#	#	#	#	#	#	0.1	0.1	0.1
Transportation	13.2	9.6	8.3	7.8	7.9	7.9	8.0	7.9	7.8	7.5	7.3	2
Public safety	6.2	7.7	8.8	8.8	9.2	9.2	9.0	9.0	8.9	8.7	8.8
Police and fire protection	5.0	5.2	5.1	5.1	5.3	5.3	5.2	5.2	5.2	5.2	5.2
Correction	1.3	1.8	3.0	3.1	3.3	3.2	3.2	3.2	3.1	3.0	2.9
Protective inspection and regulation	†	0.6	0.7	0.6	0.6	0.6	0.6	0.7	0.6	0.6	0.6
Environment and housing	7.9	8.6	8.4	8.1	7.9	7.8	7.7	7.7	7.8	7.7	7.6
Natural resources, parks, and recreation	3.4	3.2	3.1	2.9	3.0	3.0	3.1	3.0	3.0	2.8	2.8
Housing and community development	1.7	1.7	1.8	1.9	1.8	1.8	1.7	1.8	1.9	2.0	2.0
Sewerage and sanitation	2.7	3.7	3.4	3.4	3.1	3.0	2.9	2.9	2.8	2.9	2.9
Governmental administration	4.4	4.9	5.3	5.2	5.5	5.4	5.3	5.4	5.4	5.3	5.3
Financial administration	1.5	1.8	1.9	2.0	2.0	1.9	1.9	1.9	1.9	1.9	1.8
General control3	2.9	3.1	3.5	3.3	3.5	3.5	3.4	3.5	3.5	3.4	3.5
Interest on general debt	3.4	4.2	5.8	5.0	4.8	4.6	4.6	4.3	4.3	4.3	4.0
Other direct general expenditures, not elsewhere classified	4.8	6.0	5.2	5.2	5.5	5.5	5.8	5.8	5.4	5.3	5.3

† Not applicable. # Rounds to zero. 1 Previously called social insurance administration. 2 No longer includes transit subsidies. 3 Includes judicial and legal expenditures and expenditures on general public buildings and other governmental administration. NOTE: Excludes monies paid by states to the federal government. Some data have been revised from previously published figures. Detail may not sum to totals because of rounding. SOURCE: U.S. Department of Commerce, Census Bureau, Governmental Finances. Retrieved on July 20, 2007, from http://www.census.gov/govs/www/estimate05.html. (This table was prepared July 2007.)