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Table 427. | Percentage of workers, 18 years old and over, using computers on the job, by type of computer application and selected characteristics: 1993, 1997, and 2003 |
Selected characteristic | Percent using computers at work, 1993 | Percent using computers at work, 1997 | 2003 | |||||||||||||||||||
Percent using computers at work | Number using computers at work (in thousands) | Percent of on-the-job computer users using specific computer applications1 | ||||||||||||||||||||
Spreadsheets/ databases | Internet/e-mail | Calendar/schedule | Graphics/design | Programming | Word processing/desktop publishing | Other uses only | Using 4 or more categories | |||||||||||||||
1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | ||||||||||
Total | 45.8 | 49.4 | (0.24) | 56.1 | (0.19) | 76,570 | 64.4 | (0.30) | 75.4 | (0.27) | 57.0 | (0.31) | 29.7 | (0.29) | 16.4 | (0.23) | 67.8 | (0.29) | 8.2 | (0.17) | 45.3 | (0.31) |
Age | ||||||||||||||||||||||
18 to 24 | 34.4 | 37.1 | (0.66) | 38.5 | (0.55) | 6,575 | 56.0 | (1.06) | 62.1 | (1.03) | 48.9 | (1.07) | 21.7 | (0.88) | 12.4 | (0.70) | 57.9 | (1.05) | 14.2 | (0.74) | 33.0 | (1.00) |
25 to 29 | 48.3 | 52.5 | (0.70) | 56.9 | (0.57) | 8,203 | 66.2 | (0.90) | 75.6 | (0.82) | 58.3 | (0.94) | 30.3 | (0.88) | 18.8 | (0.75) | 67.8 | (0.89) | 8.5 | (0.53) | 47.2 | (0.95) |
30 to 39 | 50.7 | 53.3 | (0.46) | 59.0 | (0.37) | 19,225 | 68.0 | (0.58) | 78.3 | (0.51) | 61.8 | (0.61) | 31.7 | (0.58) | 18.0 | (0.48) | 69.8 | (0.57) | 6.8 | (0.31) | 49.6 | (0.62) |
40 to 49 | 51.3 | 54.9 | (0.47) | 60.8 | (0.35) | 21,772 | 66.9 | (0.55) | 77.1 | (0.49) | 59.0 | (0.58) | 31.8 | (0.55) | 17.7 | (0.45) | 69.7 | (0.54) | 7.1 | (0.30) | 48.4 | (0.59) |
50 to 59 | 43.9 | 50.7 | (0.61) | 60.1 | (0.42) | 15,423 | 62.5 | (0.67) | 76.5 | (0.59) | 54.6 | (0.69) | 29.7 | (0.64) | 15.1 | (0.50) | 68.1 | (0.65) | 8.0 | (0.38) | 43.7 | (0.69) |
60 or older | 27.2 | 32.6 | (0.88) | 48.5 | (0.67) | 5,373 | 53.8 | (1.18) | 71.2 | (1.07) | 46.1 | (1.18) | 23.5 | (1.00) | 10.6 | (0.72) | 63.7 | (1.13) | 11.1 | (0.74) | 35.0 | (1.12) |
Educational attainment and sex | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Not high school completer | 10.0 | 11.9 | (0.48) | 15.6 | (0.50) | 2,149 | 44.1 | (1.85) | 49.7 | (1.86) | 40.4 | (1.83) | 15.3 | (1.34) | 11.7 | (1.20) | 43.2 | (1.85) | 21.6 | (1.53) | 21.4 | (1.53) |
High school completer | 34.2 | 36.4 | (0.40) | 40.4 | (0.35) | 16,914 | 53.3 | (0.66) | 61.4 | (0.65) | 47.7 | (0.66) | 18.5 | (0.52) | 11.8 | (0.43) | 52.4 | (0.66) | 14.6 | (0.47) | 29.3 | (0.60) |
Some college | 50.4 | 53.6 | (0.53) | 55.7 | (0.42) | 15,060 | 61.5 | (0.68) | 70.2 | (0.64) | 53.6 | (0.70) | 25.3 | (0.61) | 14.5 | (0.50) | 62.5 | (0.68) | 10.0 | (0.42) | 39.6 | (0.69) |
Associate's degree | 58.2 | 60.7 | (0.81) | 62.9 | (0.59) | 7,813 | 61.1 | (0.95) | 71.7 | (0.88) | 54.4 | (0.97) | 26.1 | (0.86) | 15.4 | (0.71) | 62.6 | (0.95) | 9.9 | (0.58) | 39.8 | (0.96) |
Bachelor's degree | 68.8 | 73.9 | (0.50) | 82.0 | (0.30) | 22,540 | 73.3 | (0.51) | 85.6 | (0.40) | 64.2 | (0.55) | 37.4 | (0.56) | 20.1 | (0.46) | 78.0 | (0.48) | 3.7 | (0.22) | 57.3 | (0.57) |
Master's degree | 71.2 | 78.7 | (0.81) | 87.2 | (0.43) | 8,292 | 73.8 | (0.83) | 90.0 | (0.57) | 64.9 | (0.91) | 43.3 | (0.94) | 20.4 | (0.77) | 85.6 | (0.67) | 1.8 | (0.25) | 62.2 | (0.92) |
Doctor's or professional degree | 66.9 | 74.6 | (1.24) | 85.4 | (0.67) | 3,803 | 68.8 | (1.30) | 88.0 | (0.91) | 66.1 | (1.33) | 37.5 | (1.36) | 19.3 | (1.11) | 81.7 | (1.08) | 2.9 | (0.47) | 56.9 | (1.39) |
Male | 40.3 | 44.1 | (0.31) | 50.5 | (0.25) | 36,976 | 67.2 | (0.42) | 77.7 | (0.37) | 58.6 | (0.44) | 33.8 | (0.42) | 21.4 | (0.37) | 65.6 | (0.43) | 7.8 | (0.24) | 48.8 | (0.45) |
Not high school completer | 8.5 | 9.8 | (0.53) | 12.5 | (0.55) | 1,095 | 44.4 | (2.59) | 48.7 | (2.61) | 39.4 | (2.55) | 18.2 | (2.01) | 13.6 | (1.79) | 39.7 | (2.56) | 23.3 | (2.21) | 20.5 | (2.11) |
High school completer | 24.2 | 27.1 | (0.49) | 31.9 | (0.45) | 7,305 | 52.1 | (1.01) | 60.1 | (0.99) | 45.0 | (1.01) | 21.6 | (0.83) | 14.9 | (0.72) | 45.0 | (1.01) | 16.1 | (0.74) | 28.3 | (0.91) |
Some college | 42.8 | 46.0 | (0.71) | 49.2 | (0.58) | 6,718 | 62.0 | (1.02) | 71.4 | (0.95) | 53.0 | (1.05) | 29.3 | (0.96) | 18.7 | (0.82) | 58.2 | (1.04) | 10.6 | (0.65) | 40.8 | (1.04) |
Associate's degree | 52.6 | 55.2 | (1.16) | 56.9 | (0.86) | 3,326 | 64.8 | (1.43) | 74.1 | (1.31) | 53.5 | (1.49) | 33.2 | (1.41) | 22.1 | (1.24) | 60.5 | (1.46) | 9.9 | (0.90) | 43.7 | (1.49) |
Bachelor's degree | 69.8 | 74.3 | (0.65) | 82.5 | (0.39) | 11,787 | 77.6 | (0.66) | 88.4 | (0.51) | 68.0 | (0.74) | 40.4 | (0.78) | 25.6 | (0.69) | 76.9 | (0.67) | 2.6 | (0.25) | 61.7 | (0.77) |
Master's degree | 75.4 | 79.8 | (1.05) | 88.0 | (0.57) | 4,186 | 78.7 | (1.09) | 92.1 | (0.72) | 69.0 | (1.23) | 44.9 | (1.33) | 26.8 | (1.18) | 83.5 | (0.99) | 1.3 | (0.31) | 66.2 | (1.26) |
Doctor's or professional degree | 66.5 | 73.4 | (1.43) | 85.5 | (0.78) | 2,559 | 70.9 | (1.55) | 88.9 | (1.08) | 66.5 | (1.61) | 38.7 | (1.66) | 21.7 | (1.41) | 80.1 | (1.36) | 2.5 | (0.53) | 58.5 | (1.68) |
Female | 52.4 | 56.5 | (0.32) | 62.5 | (0.24) | 39,594 | 61.7 | (0.42) | 73.3 | (0.38) | 55.5 | (0.43) | 26.0 | (0.38) | 11.8 | (0.28) | 69.8 | (0.40) | 8.6 | (0.24) | 42.2 | (0.43) |
Not high school completer | 12.5 | 15.4 | (0.80) | 21.0 | (0.83) | 1,054 | 43.7 | (2.64) | 50.7 | (2.66) | 41.4 | (2.62) | 12.4 | (1.75) | 9.7 | (1.58) | 46.8 | (2.66) | 19.8 | (2.12) | 22.3 | (2.21) |
High school completer | 45.2 | 46.9 | (0.56) | 50.7 | (0.47) | 9,609 | 54.2 | (0.88) | 62.4 | (0.85) | 49.7 | (0.88) | 16.2 | (0.65) | 9.5 | (0.52) | 58.0 | (0.87) | 13.4 | (0.60) | 30.1 | (0.81) |
Some college | 58.6 | 61.5 | (0.68) | 62.4 | (0.52) | 8,341 | 61.2 | (0.92) | 69.3 | (0.87) | 54.2 | (0.94) | 22.2 | (0.79) | 11.1 | (0.59) | 66.0 | (0.90) | 9.6 | (0.56) | 38.5 | (0.92) |
Associate's degree | 63.7 | 65.4 | (0.99) | 68.3 | (0.70) | 4,487 | 58.4 | (1.27) | 70.0 | (1.18) | 55.1 | (1.28) | 20.7 | (1.05) | 10.4 | (0.79) | 64.2 | (1.24) | 9.9 | (0.77) | 36.9 | (1.24) |
Bachelor's degree | 67.6 | 73.5 | (0.67) | 81.5 | (0.40) | 10,752 | 68.7 | (0.77) | 82.6 | (0.63) | 60.1 | (0.82) | 34.1 | (0.79) | 14.0 | (0.58) | 79.2 | (0.68) | 4.9 | (0.36) | 52.5 | (0.83) |
Master's degree | 66.5 | 77.5 | (1.10) | 86.3 | (0.58) | 4,106 | 68.9 | (1.25) | 87.7 | (0.88) | 60.7 | (1.32) | 41.7 | (1.33) | 13.9 | (0.93) | 87.7 | (0.89) | 2.3 | (0.41) | 58.0 | (1.33) |
Doctor's or professional degree | 68.2 | 77.6 | (2.06) | 85.1 | (1.09) | 1,244 | 64.5 | (2.34) | 86.2 | (1.69) | 65.3 | (2.33) | 34.9 | (2.34) | 14.3 | (1.72) | 85.0 | (1.75) | 3.9 | (0.95) | 53.6 | (2.44) |
Race/ethnicity | ||||||||||||||||||||||
White | 48.7 | 53.8 | (0.28) | 61.6 | (0.21) | 59,806 | 65.5 | (0.34) | 76.6 | (0.30) | 56.7 | (0.35) | 30.7 | (0.33) | 16.0 | (0.26) | 68.6 | (0.33) | 7.8 | (0.19) | 46.2 | (0.35) |
Black | 36.2 | 40.0 | (0.74) | 46.5 | (0.61) | 6,556 | 55.4 | (1.09) | 67.8 | (1.02) | 56.8 | (1.08) | 24.2 | (0.94) | 16.7 | (0.82) | 61.7 | (1.06) | 11.6 | (0.70) | 38.0 | (1.06) |
Hispanic | 29.3 | 30.2 | (0.80) | 31.2 | (0.61) | 5,421 | 58.9 | (1.32) | 68.1 | (1.25) | 56.5 | (1.33) | 24.8 | (1.16) | 15.6 | (0.97) | 63.0 | (1.29) | 10.4 | (0.82) | 39.6 | (1.31) |
Other | — | — | (†) | 59.4 | (0.86) | 4,786 | 68.7 | (1.32) | 79.2 | (1.16) | 60.9 | (1.39) | 31.3 | (1.32) | 22.9 | (1.20) | 71.1 | (1.29) | 6.6 | (0.71) | 51.0 | (1.43) |
Occupational group | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Management, business, and financial | [2] | [2] | (2) | 80.8 | (0.36) | 15,840 | 79.8 | (0.55) | 88.0 | (0.45) | 69.1 | (0.63) | 35.8 | (0.66) | 18.5 | (0.53) | 79.9 | (0.55) | 2.8 | (0.23) | 61.3 | (0.67) |
Professional and related occupations | [2] | [2] | (2) | 78.8 | (0.31) | 22,517 | 64.4 | (0.55) | 81.9 | (0.44) | 58.7 | (0.57) | 38.9 | (0.56) | 22.1 | (0.48) | 74.8 | (0.50) | 5.2 | (0.25) | 51.8 | (0.58) |
Service occupations | 23.2 | 26.4 | (0.51) | 28.2 | (0.48) | 5,898 | 48.8 | (1.12) | 58.4 | (1.11) | 48.9 | (1.12) | 20.0 | (0.90) | 12.0 | (0.73) | 55.3 | (1.12) | 15.7 | (0.82) | 29.7 | (1.03) |
Sales and related occupations | 44.5 | 51.7 | (0.68) | 61.1 | (0.53) | 9,464 | 61.4 | (0.86) | 73.0 | (0.79) | 53.6 | (0.89) | 26.4 | (0.78) | 11.7 | (0.57) | 60.9 | (0.87) | 11.5 | (0.57) | 41.0 | (0.87) |
Office and administrative support | [2] | [2] | (2) | 73.9 | (0.41) | 14,206 | 63.2 | (0.70) | 70.4 | (0.66) | 54.4 | (0.72) | 19.3 | (0.57) | 11.5 | (0.46) | 66.0 | (0.69) | 8.5 | (0.40) | 37.5 | (0.70) |
Farming, fishing, and forestry | 7.9 | 8.6 | (0.80) | 10.8 | (1.46) | 132 | 55.5 | (7.49) | 57.7 | (7.44) | 42.2 | (7.44) | 20.7 | (6.10) | 6.5 | (3.71) | 55.3 | (7.49) | 9.4 | (4.39) | 26.1 | (6.61) |
Construction and extraction | 16.4 | 18.7 | (0.73) | 19.0 | (0.68) | 1,585 | 56.7 | (2.15) | 66.0 | (2.06) | 44.0 | (2.15) | 25.8 | (1.90) | 12.7 | (1.44) | 61.1 | (2.12) | 9.9 | (1.30) | 31.8 | (2.02) |
Installation, maintenance, and repair | 11.7 | 12.6 | (0.79) | 42.0 | (0.98) | 2,229 | 50.8 | (1.83) | 61.4 | (1.78) | 44.5 | (1.82) | 21.1 | (1.49) | 18.3 | (1.41) | 44.4 | (1.82) | 17.9 | (1.40) | 29.7 | (1.67) |
Production occupations | 21.8 | 23.7 | (0.60) | 29.6 | (0.70) | 2,869 | 52.4 | (1.61) | 54.9 | (1.61) | 43.0 | (1.60) | 26.0 | (1.41) | 14.9 | (1.15) | 42.0 | (1.59) | 17.4 | (1.22) | 27.5 | (1.44) |
Transportation and material moving | 11.8 | 15.1 | (0.80) | 22.1 | (0.71) | 1,830 | 46.4 | (2.01) | 51.5 | (2.02) | 43.4 | (2.00) | 14.5 | (1.42) | 11.2 | (1.27) | 40.1 | (1.98) | 23.1 | (1.70) | 21.7 | (1.66) |
Family income3 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Less than $20,000 | 25.1 | 26.7 | (0.51) | 30.1 | (0.62) | 3,814 | 51.6 | (1.40) | 60.1 | (1.37) | 44.2 | (1.39) | 22.6 | (1.17) | 14.0 | (0.97) | 54.9 | (1.39) | 16.0 | (1.03) | 30.6 | (1.29) |
$20,000 to $29,999 | 38.4 | 38.4 | (0.61) | 38.8 | (0.63) | 4,944 | 56.6 | (1.22) | 63.2 | (1.18) | 46.8 | (1.23) | 21.4 | (1.01) | 12.9 | (0.82) | 59.4 | (1.21) | 12.8 | (0.82) | 32.0 | (1.15) |
$30,000 to $39,999 | 45.7 | 45.8 | (0.62) | 47.0 | (0.59) | 6,775 | 57.5 | (1.04) | 68.0 | (0.98) | 49.9 | (1.05) | 23.5 | (0.89) | 13.4 | (0.72) | 61.0 | (1.02) | 12.0 | (0.68) | 36.5 | (1.01) |
$40,000 to $49,999 | 51.9 | 52.3 | (0.71) | 54.3 | (0.64) | 6,290 | 61.6 | (1.06) | 70.9 | (0.99) | 52.9 | (1.09) | 26.6 | (0.96) | 14.4 | (0.76) | 63.9 | (1.05) | 9.8 | (0.65) | 39.3 | (1.06) |
$50,000 to $74,999 | 60.6 | 59.9 | (0.50) | 62.2 | (0.41) | 16,195 | 63.6 | (0.65) | 74.8 | (0.59) | 56.1 | (0.67) | 28.5 | (0.61) | 16.5 | (0.50) | 65.4 | (0.65) | 8.3 | (0.38) | 43.6 | (0.67) |
$75,000 or more | 65.9 | 69.7 | (0.51) | 75.0 | (0.30) | 26,732 | 72.4 | (0.47) | 84.3 | (0.38) | 64.3 | (0.51) | 36.4 | (0.51) | 19.2 | (0.42) | 76.4 | (0.45) | 4.5 | (0.22) | 56.3 | (0.52) |
—Not available. †Not applicable. 1 Individuals may be counted in more than one computer activity. 2 Due to changes in occupational definitions, older data are not comparable to 2003 data. 3 Excludes persons whose income data were not available. NOTE: Data are based on a sample survey of households and are subject to sampling and nonsampling error. Race categories exclude persons of Hispanic origin. Standard errors appear in parentheses. SOURCE: U.S. Department of Commerce, Census Bureau, Current Population Survey (CPS), October 1993, October 1997, and October 2003, unpublished tabulations. (This table was prepared May 2005.) |