Table 247.

Full-time instructional staff with tenure for degree-granting institutions with a tenure system, by academic rank, sex, and control and type of institution: Selected years, 1993–94 through 2005–06

Academic year, control and type of institution	Percent with tenure
	All ranks			Professor			Associate professor			Assistant professor			Instructor	Lecturer	No aca-demic rank
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10	11	12	13	14	15	16
1993–94
All institutions	56.2	62.6	42.7	91.9	92.8	87.7	76.8	77.5	75.1	14.4	13.6	15.5	38.3	10.8	26.0
4-year	54.0	61.0	38.0	93.0	93.5	90.6	76.2	77.0	74.3	12.1	11.5	12.9	4.8	9.6	9.4
University	54.3	61.0	35.8	94.1	94.5	91.3	78.0	78.6	76.4	6.6	6.2	7.3	5.7	10.5	9.9
Other	53.8	61.1	39.4	92.1	92.5	90.2	74.9	75.7	73.1	15.7	15.4	16.0	4.4	8.3	8.7
2-year	69.3	74.7	62.4	80.8	83.7	75.7	83.8	86.1	81.1	46.6	50.5	43.2	67.9	41.2	65.6
Public institutions	58.9	65.4	45.6	92.6	93.6	87.5	80.8	81.6	78.9	17.1	16.1	18.5	45.5	7.2	28.6
4-year	56.3	63.5	39.3	94.3	94.7	92.0	80.4	81.2	78.4	13.8	13.0	14.8	4.4	5.4	6.1
University	57.0	64.2	37.2	95.6	96.0	92.5	83.9	84.4	82.6	7.6	7.0	8.6	3.1	1.0	7.0
Other	55.7	62.9	40.8	93.2	93.5	91.7	77.5	78.3	75.5	18.1	17.6	18.7	5.1	9.8	4.9
2-year	69.9	75.4	63.0	80.7	83.7	75.5	84.2	86.4	81.5	47.7	51.1	44.6	68.9	39.9	65.7
Private institutions	49.5	56.0	35.4	90.3	90.8	88.1	67.6	68.1	66.5	9.0	8.7	9.4	6.8	21.9	18.8
4-year	49.5	56.0	35.4	90.3	90.8	88.0	67.6	68.1	66.5	9.0	8.7	9.4	5.5	21.6	15.7
University	48.4	54.1	32.9	90.8	91.1	89.1	63.2	64.1	60.6	4.7	4.8	4.7	10.4	30.0	15.4
Other	50.3	57.5	36.8	89.9	90.5	87.4	70.2	70.7	69.1	11.6	11.5	11.7	3.1	1.4	16.3
2-year	45.4	51.9	36.8	89.8	86.8	95.0	62.9	64.1	61.8	12.0	11.8	12.0	25.8	—	64.8
1999–2000
All institutions	53.6	59.6	43.1	92.8	93.2	91.2	76.8	76.8	76.7	11.7	10.9	12.8	34.1	3.4	18.4
4-year	51.5	58.3	38.5	92.9	93.2	91.5	76.3	76.5	76.0	9.1	8.6	9.7	3.6	2.5	4.9
University	50.1	57.1	34.5	92.5	92.9	90.3	77.1	77.4	76.6	4.1	3.9	4.5	1.7	0.9	1.3
Other	52.6	59.4	41.1	93.2	93.5	92.2	75.7	75.8	75.7	12.4	12.1	12.8	4.7	4.4	11.6
2-year	67.7	70.6	64.6	91.3	92.3	89.9	83.2	83.3	83.1	53.5	55.9	51.6	60.9	21.1	64.5
Public institutions	55.9	61.9	45.5	93.9	94.4	91.9	81.0	81.2	80.7	14.0	13.0	15.2	39.9	4.1	21.2
4-year	53.1	60.3	39.3	94.2	94.6	92.5	80.8	81.0	80.3	10.0	9.6	10.6	3.9	3.0	4.0
University	53.0	60.4	36.7	94.2	94.7	91.4	83.0	83.2	82.7	4.6	4.3	5.1	2.3	0.7	1.7
Other	53.2	60.2	41.2	94.1	94.4	93.1	78.9	79.0	78.5	13.8	13.5	14.1	4.8	5.2	7.5
2-year	67.8	70.7	64.6	91.3	92.3	89.8	83.4	83.5	83.4	53.7	56.0	51.8	61.0	21.2	64.4
Private institutions	48.3	54.3	37.0	90.3	90.5	89.7	68.1	67.9	68.5	7.5	6.9	8.2	4.1	1.2	8.6
4-year	48.2	54.3	36.8	90.3	90.5	89.7	68.1	67.9	68.5	7.4	6.8	8.2	3.1	1.2	7.2
University	44.1	50.3	29.8	88.9	89.1	87.9	64.1	64.6	62.8	3.2	3.1	3.3	0.4	1.3	0.4
Other	51.4	57.7	41.1	91.4	91.7	90.6	70.6	70.2	71.3	10.1	9.6	10.6	4.6	1.0	28.3
2-year	59.9	60.3	59.6	95.9	92.0	100.0	60.0	66.7	55.8	33.8	40.0	30.0	50.5	—	68.8
2003–04
All institutions	50.4	56.0	41.5	91.8	92.0	91.1	74.6	74.2	75.3	9.0	8.2	9.9	30.7	2.1	22.5
4-year	48.2	54.6	37.2	91.9	92.1	91.3	74.2	73.8	74.8	6.6	6.1	7.3	3.2	1.5	3.9
University	47.4	54.0	34.0	91.7	91.9	90.5	75.0	74.8	75.4	3.1	3.0	3.2	1.1	0.4	1.7
Other	48.8	55.1	39.4	92.1	92.2	91.8	73.6	73.0	74.5	9.0	8.3	9.7	4.3	2.6	9.6
2-year	65.2	68.2	62.2	90.6	91.3	89.7	81.2	82.0	80.5	45.6	48.4	43.2	57.2	22.1	69.8
Public institutions	53.0	58.6	44.2	93.6	93.8	92.9	78.9	78.7	79.4	11.1	10.2	12.1	35.7	2.6	28.6
4-year	50.2	56.9	38.5	93.9	94.0	93.7	78.7	78.4	79.2	7.5	7.0	8.2	2.4	1.7	4.4
University	51.1	58.0	37.2	93.8	94.0	92.9	81.2	81.2	81.3	3.7	3.6	3.9	1.5	0.4	2.6
Other	49.4	56.0	39.4	94.0	94.0	94.2	76.6	76.0	77.6	10.1	9.4	10.8	2.8	2.7	8.3
2-year	65.2	68.3	62.2	90.5	91.3	89.6	81.3	82.1	80.6	45.9	48.8	43.5	57.2	22.0	69.8
Private institutions	44.7	50.3	35.0	88.2	88.4	87.2	66.2	65.5	67.3	5.2	4.6	5.9	6.7	0.7	3.7
4-year	44.6	50.3	34.9	88.2	88.4	87.1	66.2	65.5	67.3	5.2	4.6	5.9	4.9	0.7	2.8
University	40.5	46.6	27.9	87.5	87.8	85.6	62.1	61.9	62.6	2.0	2.0	2.0	0.4	0.2	0.3
Other	47.9	53.6	39.3	88.7	89.0	88.0	68.7	68.1	69.7	7.2	6.5	8.0	7.2	1.8	14.0
2-year	61.5	60.2	62.7	94.9	91.7	97.7	65.4	61.9	67.7	15.6	14.3	16.7	63.0	37.5	68.1
2005–06
All institutions	49.6	55.2	41.0	91.3	91.6	90.5	73.6	73.0	74.5	8.0	7.4	8.6	28.4	1.8	26.1
4-year	47.5	53.9	37.0	91.4	91.6	90.9	73.3	72.8	74.2	5.6	5.2	6.0	1.7	1.3	5.3
University	46.7	53.3	33.9	90.8	91.1	89.2	72.5	72.1	73.2	2.1	2.1	2.1	1.0	0.7	1.9
Other	48.1	54.4	39.0	92.0	92.1	91.9	73.9	73.3	74.7	7.9	7.6	8.2	2.1	2.0	12.7
2-year	64.0	67.1	61.2	89.5	90.7	88.1	77.9	77.9	77.8	43.9	46.5	41.7	56.4	22.5	70.2
Public institutions	51.5	57.1	43.3	92.8	93.1	91.8	77.7	77.3	78.4	9.8	9.1	10.6	33.8	2.3	29.9
4-year	48.7	55.4	37.8	93.1	93.3	92.7	77.7	77.3	78.5	6.1	5.8	6.6	2.1	1.6	3.8
University	49.5	56.1	36.5	92.8	93.1	91.4	78.9	78.8	79.1	2.2	2.2	2.3	1.3	0.9	2.0
Other	48.1	54.7	38.7	93.4	93.4	93.6	76.8	76.0	78.0	8.8	8.4	9.3	2.5	2.2	7.5
2-year	64.1	67.2	61.2	89.5	90.7	88.2	77.9	77.8	77.9	44.1	46.8	41.8	56.2	22.4	70.3
Private institutions	45.2	51.1	35.5	88.3	88.5	87.6	65.4	64.7	66.6	4.6	4.3	4.9	2.7	0.5	9.8
4-year	45.1	51.1	35.5	88.3	88.5	87.6	65.4	64.6	66.6	4.6	4.3	4.9	0.9	0.5	9.4
University	41.5	47.9	28.8	86.8	87.2	85.0	59.4	58.9	60.5	2.0	2.0	1.9	0.3	0.3	1.6
Other	48.0	53.9	39.7	89.5	89.7	89.1	69.2	68.8	69.7	6.3	6.1	6.6	1.3	0.9	30.0
2-year	59.7	61.5	57.7	86.3	91.7	81.5	69.7	92.9	52.6	15.4	8.6	20.9	68.0	50.0	50.0

—Not available. NOTE: The coverage of this table differs from similar tables published in editions of the Digest prior to 2003. Previous tenure tabulations included only instructional staff classified as full-time faculty; this table includes all staff with full-time instructional duties, including faculty and other instructional staff. Data for 1993–94 are for institutions of higher education, while later data are for degree-granting institutions. Degree-granting institutions grant associate's or higher degrees and participate in Title IV federal financial aid programs. The degree-granting classification is very similar to the earlier higher education classification, but it includes more 2-year colleges and excludes a few higher education institutions that did not grant degrees. (See Guide to Sources for details.) SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, 1993–94 through 2005–06 Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System, "Fall Staff Survey" (IPEDS-S:93–99), Winter 2003–04, and Winter 2005–06. (This table was prepared September 2006.)