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Here you will find references to recent research papers by NREL scientists, as well as publications by industry sources and an extensive bibliography of literature pertaining to desiccants.
Some of the following documents are available as Adobe Acrobat PDFs. Download Acrobat Reader.
Outreach
NREL's Advanced Thermal Conversion Laboratory (PDF 911 KB)
Conference Papers and Related Publications
Jalalazadeh-Azar, Ali A. 2005. "Thermally Activated Desiccant Technology for Heat Recovery and Comfort." ASME Advanced Energy Systems Division Newsletter, Fall 2005. (PDF 178 KB)
Jalalzadeh-Azar, Ali. A.; Steven Slayzak; Ron Judkoff; Tony Schaffhauser; and Richard DeBlasio. 2005. "Performance Assessment of a Desiccant Cooling System in a CHP Application Incorporating an IC Engine." International Journal of Distributed Thermal Energy, Volume 1, Number 2, Pages 163-184. (PDF 1 MB)
Abstract: Performance of a desiccant cooling system was evaluated in the context of combined heat and power (CHP). The baseline system incorporated a desiccant dehumidifier, a heat exchanger, an indirect evaporative cooler, and a direct evaporative cooler. The desiccant unit was regenerated through heat recovery from a gas-fired reciprocating internal combustion engine. The system offered sufficient sensible and latent cooling capacities for a wide range of climatic conditions, while allowing influx of outside air in excess of what is typically required for commercial buildings. Energy and water efficiencies of the desiccant cooling system were also evaluated and compared with those of a conventional system.
The results of parametric assessments revealed the importance of using a heat exchanger for concurrent desiccant post cooling and regeneration air preheating. These functions resulted in enhancement of both the cooling performance and the thermal efficiency, which are essential for fuel utilization improvement. Two approaches for mixing of the return air and outside air were examined, and their impact on the system cooling performance and thermal efficiency was demonstrated. The scope of the parametric analyses also encompassed the impact of improving the indirect evaporative cooling effectiveness on the overall cooling system performance.
Jalalzadeh-Azar, Ali, A., 2004. "Investigating Methods of Heat Recovery from Low-Temperature PEM Fuel Cells in CHP Applications." Accepted for presentation at the 2004 ASME International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exhibition, Anaheim, CA, November 13-19, 2004.
Jalalzadeh-Azar, Ali, A. 2004. "A Comparison of Electrical- and Thermal-Load Following CHP Systems." ASHRAE Transactions, Vol. 110, Part 2, pp. 85-94. (Presented at the 2004 ASHRAE Annual Meeting in Nashville, TN.)
Jalalzadeh-Azar, Ali, A. 2003. "A Parametric Analysis of a Grid-Independent BCHP System: Focusing on Impact of Technological Advancements." ASHRAE Transactions, Vol. 109, Part 2, pp. 69-78. (Presented at the 2003 ASHRAE Annual Meeting in Kansas City, Missouri, June 28-July 2, 2003.)
Jalalzadeh-Azar, Ali, A. 2002. "Quantifying Potential of Integrated Energy Systems with a Varying Level of Nationwide Deployment." NREL/TP-550-32754. National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, CO. (PDF 500 KB)
Abstract: This study presents a parametric assessment of the energy-saving potential resulting from a nationwide deployment of DER/IES technologies for building applications. Three hypothetical IES scenarios are evaluated to demonstrate the sensitivity of the national energy consumption to the IES system configuration with respect to the buildings' electrical and thermal equipment compositions. A variable for implementation level of DER is incorporated to examine the impact of incremental transformation of the existing centralized energy resources to a fully decentralized model on the national primary energy consumption. To accommodate the continuing advancement of prime movers, a wide range of fuel-to-electricity conversion efficiency is considered for both centralized and decentralized power generation systems. The fact that the demands for electricity and thermal energy in buildings are not always congruent, and implementation of thermal energy storage technology is uncertain is acknowledged by incorporating a variable waste heat utilization index.
Jalalzadeh-Azar, Ali A.; Anderson, Ren; Slayzak, Steve; Ryan, J. P. 2002. "Dynamics of Thermal Energy Storage in Integrated Energy Systems with On-Site Power Generation," proceedings of 2002 ASME International Mechanical Engineering Congress & Exhibition. ASME paper IMECE2002-32130, New Orleans, LA.
Jalalzadeh-Azar, A. A.; Slayzak, S. J.; Ryan, J. P. 2002. "Evaluation of Cooling, Heating, and Power (CHP) for Office Buildings." ASHRAE Transactions 2002, Volume 108, Part 1, pp.1045-1051. (Presented at the ASHRAE Winter Meeting in Atlantic City, New Jersey, January 2002.)
Desiccant Cooling and Dehumidification Bibliography
This bibliography is comprised of two sections: the first section was compiled as part of NREL's report number TP-254-4147, Desiccant Cooling: State-of-the-Art Assessment, by Ahmad A. Pesaran, Terry R. Penney, and Al W. Czanderna. It contains 871 pieces of literature about desiccant cooling.
The second section of the bibliography, containing 305 additional references, covers the period from 1992 to 1997. Both sections were compiled through open literature searches in the following databases:
- Engineering Index; 1970—June 1997
- National Technical Information Service; 1964—June 1997
- DOE Energy Database; 1974—June 1997
- Dissertation Abstract Online; 1861—June 1997
- Chemical Abstracts; 1967—June 1997.
Related Publications
See a list of publications provided by industrial sources that provide comprehensive information for consulting firms that have an interest in evaluating desiccant cooling technology for their specific applications.
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