The NAEP Civics Scale
For every subject assessed, the NAEP program reports on how well students in different demographic groups (e.g., race, gender, and region) perform on the assessment. (Note that NAEP does not report individual student scores.) How does NAEP summarize what students in these groups know and can do, and make comparisons among the achievement of these groups of students? In civics, NAEP creates a scale ranging from 0-300, based on statistical procedures called Item Response Theory (IRT). IRT is a set of statistical procedures useful in summarizing student performance across a collection of test exercises requiring similar knowledge and skills. All NAEP subject-area scales are produced using these procedures. To give meaning to the levels of the scale, it is useful to create an item map. An item map is a representation of the skills and abilities demonstrated by students at various levels of the scale. To get a more complete sense of the civics scale, explore the civics item maps for grades 4, 8, and 12.
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