Chapter 2. Historical Background
| Figure 2-1 |
Doctorate-granting institutions, by control of institution: 1920–99 |
| Figure 2-2 |
Decade of first doctoral award in the 50 U.S. states, District of Columbia, and Puerto Rico: pre-1920 to 1960s |
| Figure 2-3 |
Distribution of doctorate-granting institutions, by region: 1920–99 |
| Figure 2-4 |
Doctorates awarded: 1900–99 |
| Figure 2-5 |
Distribution of doctorates awarded, by region: 1920–99 |
| Figure 2-6 |
Distribution of doctorates awarded, by control of institution: 1920–99 |
Chapter 3. Field Choices and Demographic Characteristics of Doctorate Recipients
| Figure 3-1 |
Doctorates awarded, by major field: 1920–99 |
| Figure 3-2 |
Doctorates awarded, by sex of recipient: 1900–99 |
| Figure 3-3 |
Distribution of doctorates awarded, by sex of recipient and broad field of doctorate: 1920–99 |
| Figure 3-4 |
Doctorates awarded, by sex of recipient and broad field of doctorate: 1920–99 |
| Figure 3-5 |
Women's share of doctorates awarded, by major field: 1920–99 |
| Figure 3-6 |
Non-U.S. citizens' share of doctorates awarded, by major field: 1960–64 and 1995–99 |
| Figure 3-7 |
Citizenship status of Ph.D.s: 1960–99 |
| Figure 3-8 |
Regional origins of non-U.S. citizen Ph.D.s: 1960–99 |
| Figure 3-9 |
Leading Asian origins of non-U.S. citizen Ph.D.s: 1960–99 |
| Figure 3-10 |
Leading Eastern European origins of non-U.S. citizen Ph.D.s: 1960–99 |
| Figure 3-11 |
Women's share of doctorates earned by U.S. citizens, by major field: 1960–64 and 1995–99 |
| Figure 3-12 |
Ethnicity of U.S. citizen Hispanic Ph.D.s: 1980–99 |
| Figure 3-13 |
Minorities' share of doctorates earned by U.S. citizens, by race/ethnicity: 1975–99 |
| Figure 3-14 |
U.S. citizen minority Ph.D.s, by race/ethnicity: 1975–99 |
| Figure 3-15 |
Minorities' share of non-science and engineering doctorates earned by U.S. citizens, by race/ethnicity: 1975–99 |
| Figure 3-16 |
Minorities' share of non-science and engineering doctorates earned by U.S. citizens, by major field and race/ethnicity: 1975–99 |
| Figure 3-17 |
Women's share of doctorates earned by U.S. citizens, by race/ethnicity: 1975–79 and 1995–99 |
| Figure 3-18 |
Age of Ph.D.s at graduation, by broad field of doctorate: 1960–99 |
| Figure 3-19 |
Age of Ph.D.s at graduation, by sex: 1960–99 |
| Figure 3-20 |
Disabilities of Ph.D.s: 1993–99, aggregate |
| Figure 3-21 |
Married Ph.D.s, by broad field of doctorate: 1960–99 |
| Figure 3-22 |
Married Ph.D.s, by sex and citizenship status: 1960–99 |
| Figure 3-23 |
Marital status of Ph.D.s with dependents, by sex: 1960–64 and 1995–99 |
| Figure 3-24 |
Married U.S. citizen Ph.D.s, by race/ethnicity: 1975–99 |
| Figure 3-25 |
Ph.D.s whose parents both have a college degree, by selected characteristics of the Ph.D.: 1995–99 |
| Figure 3-26 |
Educational attainment of Ph.D.s' parents compared with the U.S. national population: 1999 |
| Figure 3-27 |
Educational attainment of Ph.D.s' parents: 1965–99 |
Chapter 4. Path to the Doctorate
| Figure 4-1 |
Ph.D.s who ever attended a 2-year college, by broad field of doctorate: 1971–99 |
| Figure 4-2 |
Ph.D.s who ever attended a 2-year college, by major field of doctorate: 1995–99 |
| Figure 4-3 |
Ph.D.s who ever attended a 2-year college, by sex and citizenship status: 1971–74 and 1995–99 |
| Figure 4-4 |
U.S. citizen Ph.D.s who ever attended a 2-year college, by race/ethnicity: 1975–79 and 1995–99 |
| Figure 4-5 |
Ph.D.s with baccalaureates from foreign institutions, by citizenship status: 1960–64 and 1995–99 |
| Figure 4-6 |
Ph.D.s with baccalaureates from foreign institutions, by broad field of doctorate: 1920–99 |
| Figure 4-7 |
Ph.D.s without master's degrees, by major field of doctorate: 1995–99 |
| Figure 4-8 |
Major field of Ph.D.s' bachelor's, master's, and doctoral degrees: 1960–64 |
| Figure 4-9 |
Major field of Ph.D.s' bachelor's, master's, and doctoral degrees: 1995–99 |
| Figure 4-10 |
Ph.D.s whose bachelor's and doctoral degrees are in the same major field and whose master's and doctoral degrees are in the same major field: 1960–99 |
| Figure 4-11 |
Ph.D.s with bachelor's and doctoral degrees in the same major field, by field of degree: 1960–64 and 1995–99 |
| Figure 4-12 |
Ph.D.s with bachelor's and doctoral degrees in the same major field, by sex and citizenship status: 1960–64 and 1995–99 |
| Figure 4-13 |
U.S. citizen Ph.D.s with bachelor's and doctoral degrees in the same major field, by race/ethnicity: 1975–79 and 1995–99 |
| Figure 4-14 |
Total time to doctorate, by broad field of study: 1920–99 |
| Figure 4-15 |
Registered time to doctorate, by broad field of study: 1960–99 |
| Figure 4-16 |
Total time to doctorate and registered time to doctorate, by sex: 1960–64 and 1995–99 |
| Figure 4-17 |
Total time to doctorate and registered time to doctorate, by citizenship status: 1960–64 and 1995–99 |
| Figure 4-18 |
U.S. citizens' total time to doctorate and registered time to doctorate, by race/ethnicity: 1975–79 and 1995–99 |
Chapter 5. Baccalaureate and Doctoral Institutions
| Figure 5-1 |
Baccalaureate institutions of Ph.D.s, distributed by control of institution: 1920–99 |
| Figure 5-2 |
Top 50 U.S. baccalaureate institutions of Ph.D.s: 1920–99 |
| Figure 5-3 |
Black, U.S. citizen Ph.D.s with baccalaureates, master's degrees, or doctorates awarded by an HBCU: 1975–79 and 1995–99 |
| Figure 5-4 |
Doctorates awarded, by region of doctoral institution: 1920–99 |
| Figure 5-5 |
Doctorates awarded, by location of doctoral institution: 1920–99 |
| Figure 5-6 |
Institutions that ever awarded a doctorate, by period of first doctoral award: pre-1920 and 5-year periods from 1920 to 1999 |
| Figure 5-7 |
Doctoral awards by institutions that began granting doctorates before 1920: 1920–99 |
| Figure 5-8 |
Doctoral institutions of Ph.D.s, distributed by control of institution: 1920–99 |
| Figure 5-9 |
Control of doctoral institutions of Ph.D.s, by broad field of doctorate: 1920–99 |
| Figure 5-10 |
Control of baccalaureate and doctoral institutions of Ph.D.s: 1920–24 and 1995–99 |
| Figure 5-11 |
Doctorates awarded, by Carnegie classification of institution: 1990 and 1999 |
| Figure 5-12 |
Carnegie classifications of Ph.D.s' doctoral institutions, by sex and citizenship status of Ph.D.: 1990–99 |
| Figure 5-13 |
Carnegie classifications of U.S. citizen Ph.D.s' doctoral institutions, by race/ethnicity of Ph.D.: 1990–99 |
| Figure 5-14 |
Top 50 U.S. doctoral institutions of Ph.D.s, by number of doctorates awarded: 1920–99 |
| Figure 5-15 |
Doctorates awarded to black U.S. citizens by HBCUs: 1975–99 |
Chapter 6. After the Doctorate
| Figure 6-1 |
Postgraduation plans of Ph.D.s: 1970–99 |
| Figure 6-2 |
Ph.D.s with definite postgraduation plans, by major field of doctorate: 1970–74 and 1995–99 |
| Figure 6-3 |
U.S. citizen and permanent resident Ph.D.s with definite postgraduation plans, by race/ethnicity: 1975–79 and 1995–99 |
| Figure 6-4 |
Location and kinds of postgraduation plans of Ph.D.s with definite plans: 1970–74 and 1995–99 |
| Figure 6-5 |
Ph.D.s with definite plans to stay in the United States after graduation, by major field of doctorate: 1970–74 and 1995–99 |
| Figure 6-6 |
Ph.D.s with definite plans to stay in the United States after graduation, by citizenship status: 1970–99 |
| Figure 6-7 |
Non-U.S. citizen Ph.D.s with definite plans to stay in the United States after graduation, by visa status: 1970–99 |
| Figure 6-8 |
Non-U.S. citizen Ph.D.s with definite plans to stay in the United States after graduation, by region of origin: 1970–74 and 1995–99 |
| Figure 6-9 |
Top 10 origins of non-U.S. citizen Ph.D.s with definite plans to stay in the United States after graduation, by visa status: 1995–99 |
| Figure 6-10 |
Ph.D.s with definite plans for U.S. postgraduation employment and study: 1970–99 |
| Figure 6-11 |
Ph.D.s with definite plans for U.S. postgraduation study, by major field of doctorate: 1970–74 and 1995–99 |
| Figure 6-12 |
U.S. citizen and permanent resident Ph.D.s with definite plans for U.S. postgraduation study, by race/ethnicity: 1975–79 and 1995–99 |
| Figure 6-13 |
Financial support mechanisms of Ph.D.s with U.S. postgraduation study commitments: 1970–74 and 1995–99 |
| Figure 6-14 |
Financial support mechanisms of Ph.D.s with U.S. postgraduation study commitments, by sex and citizenship status: 1995–99 |
| Figure 6-15 |
Sources of support for Ph.D.s with U.S. postgraduation study commitments: 1975–79 and 1995–99 |
| Figure 6-16 |
U.S. government as main support for Ph.D.s with U.S. postgraduation study commitments, by major field of doctorate: 1975–79 and 1995–99 |
| Figure 6-17 |
Study settings of Ph.D.s with U.S. postgraduation study commitments: 1970–74 and 1995–96 |
| Figure 6-18 |
Ph.D.s with definite plans for U.S. postgraduation employment, by citizenship status: 1970–99 |
| Figure 6-19 |
Employment sectors of Ph.D.s with U.S. postgraduation work commitments: 1970–99 |
| Figure 6-20 |
Employment sectors of Ph.D.s with U.S. postgraduation work commitments, by sex and citizenship status: 1970–74 and 1995–99 |
| Figure 6-21 |
Employment sectors of U.S. citizen and permanent resident Ph.D.s with U.S. postgraduation work commitments, by race/ethnicity: 1975–79 and 1995–99 |
| Figure 6-22 |
Primary work activities of Ph.D.s with U.S. postgraduation work commitments: 1970–74 and 1995–99 |
| Figure 6-23 |
Ph.D.s with postgraduation work commitments in same state as doctoral institution, by major field of doctorate: 1970–74 and 1995–99 |
| Figure 6-24 |
Top 20 destinations of Ph.D.s who left the state where the doctorate was received for postgraduation work commitments in another state: 1995–99 |
| Figure 6-25 |
Top 20 destinations of Ph.D.s with U.S. postgraduation work commitments: 1970–74 |
| Figure 6-26 |
Destinations of Ph.D.s with U.S. postgraduation work commitments: 1995–99 |
| Figure 6-27 |
Employment destinations of U.S. citizen and permanent resident Ph.D.s with U.S. high school diplomas and U.S. postgraduation work commitments: 1970–74 and 1995–99 |
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Front Matter
Chapter 1. Introduction
Chapter 2. Historical Background
Chapter 3. Field Choices and Demographic Characteristics of Doctorate Recipients
Chapter 4. Path to the Doctorate
Chapter 5. Baccalaureate and Doctoral Institutions
Chapter 6. After the Doctorate
Appendix A. Detailed Doctoral Fields and Demographic Characteristics of Ph.D.s
Appendix B. Top 50 Baccalaureate and Doctoral Institutions and Doctorate Production by State
Appendix C. Technical Notes
Bibliography
List of Tables
List of Figures
Figure Reference Tables (web only)
Supplemental Tables (web only)
Susan T. Hill, Project Officer
Human Resources Statistics Program
(703) 292-7790
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