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Final Report: Relationship Between Indoor, Outdoor and Personal Air (RIOPA)
EPA Grant Number: R824834C006Subproject: this is subproject number 006 , established and managed by the Center Director under grant R824834
(EPA does not fund or establish subprojects; EPA awards and manages the overall grant for this center).
Center: Mickey Leland National Urban Air Toxics Research Center (NUATRC)
Center Director: Beskid, Craig
Title: Relationship Between Indoor, Outdoor and Personal Air (RIOPA)
Investigators: Weisel, Clifford P. , Colome, Steven D. , Morandi, Maria T. , Spektor, Dalia , Stock, Tom , Turpin, Barbara , Zhang, Junfeng
Institution: Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences Institute , University of Texas at Houston
EPA Project Officer: Katz, Stacey
Project Period: January 1, 2001 through May 31, 2002
RFA: Mickey Leland National Urban Air Toxics Research Center (NUATRC) (1997)
Research Category: Congressionally Mandated Center , Targeted Research , Urban Air Toxics
Description:
Objective:The Relationship Between Indoor, Outdoor and Personal Air (RIOPA) study was funded by the National Urban Air Toxics Research Center (NUATRC) in response to RFA 96-01. This project, jointly funded with the Health Effects Institute (HEI), was a large urban air toxics project comprised of three studies initially independently funded:
· A study funded by NUATRC with Dr. Clifford Weisel at EOHSI as Principal Investigator.
· A study funded by HEI with Dr. Jim Zhang of EOHSI as Principal Investigator.
· A study funded by HEI with Dr. Barbara Turpin of Rutgers University as Principal Investigator.
Because the two HEI studies complemented and added to the initial study funded by NUATRC, staff from both organizations attempted to treat the three studies as one so that the results would be reported in a coherent way.
The RIOPA project tested the hypothesis that personal exposure to air toxics is influenced by outdoor sources of these air toxics. The major hypotheses tested were:
· A measurable and significant portion of the indoor air concentrations, personal exposures, and breath concentrations of volatile organic compounds (VOCs), aldehydes, and respirable particulate matter (PM2.5) are contributed by outdoor sources; and
· Residential air exchange rates (AER) are a major determinant of the influence of outdoor air concentration on indoor air and personal exposure.
A secondary objective of the study was to make paired measurements in the adults
(100 per city), and children (50 per city) to determine whether air toxic exposure
estimates of adults could be used for children.
The study involved 100 homes and 150 individuals (100 adults and 50 children) in each of the three urban centers with different air pollution source profiles: Los Angeles, CA, dominated by mobile sources; Houston, TX, dominated by industrial point sources; and Elizabeth, NJ, including a mixture of mobile and point sources.
The study measured indoor and outdoor air concentrations of VOCs, aldehydes, PM2.5, and AER, as well as personal exposure in adults and children, in a set of two 48-hour sampling periods in the three distinct urban centers. In-vehicle exposure to aldehydes was measured for residents of these homes. In addition, the PM2.5 will be speciated for chemical composition and source apportionment.
Two major specific objectives were to:
· Estimate the fraction that outdoor sources contribute to indoor and personal air concentrations of VOCs, aldehydes, and PM2.5 in three distinct major urban centers: Los Angeles, CA; Houston TX; and Elizabeth/Bayonne, NJ.
· Estimate the exposures to populations living in the three urban centers
from outdoor toxic air emissions, using:
1. Outdoor concentrations and AER reported in the literature for these areas;
and
2. Relationships among indoor, outdoor, and personal concentrations and AER
determined in this study.
The study was in compliance with the Institutional Review Boards of the University of Dentistry and Medicine of New Jersey (UDMNJ), Rutgers University, and University of Texas. Human consent procedures met governmental guidelines. The study provided and followed appropriate quality assurance and quality control (QA/QC) procedures.
A pilot study for the project was successfully completed during the first year. The goal of the pilot study was to test and optimize each component of the field-work and laboratory analysis procedures. Finalization of all procedures was based on what was learned from the pilot studies in New Jersey and Texas. An inter-laboratory comparison of analytical techniques for VOC and aldehydes was conducted between the laboratories at EOHSI and its subcontractor, the University of Texas School of Public Health. Results were found to be consistent across the two laboratories.
Progress during the second year included the development of a passive carbonyl compound sampler based on dansylhydrazine (DNSH) coating. The personal aldehyde ketone sampler (PAKS) was used for the main study. Investigators also tested the utility of two types of organic vapor monitor (OVM) badges for the study. Comparable results were obtained with OVM 3500 and OVM 3520, allowing the investigators to use the simpler OVM 3500.
Other accomplishments during this year included continuation of field sampling, laboratory analysis, and development of data analyses methods. During the second year of the study, HEI conducted a visit to the EOHSI site to discuss and evaluate progress on the study to date, and to discuss data analysis plans. In response to this visit, the investigators provided a revised data analysis plan in December 2000.
Journal Articles on this Report: 2 Displayed | Download in RIS Format
| Other subproject views: | All 22 publications | 2 publications in selected types | All 2 journal articles |
| Other center views: | All 122 publications | 54 publications in selected types | All 46 journal articles |
| Type | Citation | ||
|---|---|---|---|
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Zhang J, Weisel C, Turpin B, Colome S, Spektor D, Morandi M, Stock T. The RIOPA (Relationship among Indoor, Outdoor and Personal Air) study. Epidemiology 1999, Vol. 10, No. 4. |
R824834C006 (Final) |
not available |
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Zhang J, Zhang L, Fan Z, Ilacqua V. Development of the personal aldehydes and ketones sampler based upon DNSH derivatization on solid sorbent. Environmental Science & Technology 2000;34(12):2601-2607. |
R824834C006 (Final) R828678C006 (2003) R828678C006 (2004) R828678C006 (2006) R828678C016 (2006) |
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air pollution, urban, exposure, VOCs, PM2.5, particulate matter, indoor air, monitoring. , POLLUTANTS/TOXICS, ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT, Air, Scientific Discipline, Health, RFA, PHYSICAL ASPECTS, Risk Assessment, indoor air, Risk Assessments, Health Risk Assessment, Physical Processes, Air Pollution Effects, air toxics, Chemicals, Biochemistry, particulate matter, Air Pollution, Environmental Monitoring, exposure assessment, airborne urban contaminants, cardiovascular disease, health effects, indoor air quality, Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs), urban air, lung inflamation, residential air exchange rates, air quality, sensitive subgroups, human health risk, aldehyde, air pollutants, human health effects, urban air quality, metals, aldehydes, exposure, urban air pollution, human health, biomarker, human exposure, mobile sources
Progress and Final Reports:
Original Abstract
Main Center Abstract and Reports:
R824834 Mickey Leland National Urban Air Toxics Research Center (NUATRC)
Subprojects under this Center:
(EPA does not fund or establish subprojects; EPA awards and manages the overall grant for this center).
R824834C001 Air Toxics Exposures Among Teenagers in New York City and Los Angeles - A Columbia-Harvard Study (TEACH)
R824834C002 Cardiopulmonary Response to Particulate Exposure
R824834C003 VOC Exposure in an Industry Impacted Community
R824834C004 A Study of Personal Exposure to Air Toxics Among a Subset of the Residential U.S. Population (VOC Project)
R824834C005 Methods Development Project for a Study of Personal Exposures to Toxic Air Pollutants
R824834C006 Relationship Between Indoor, Outdoor and Personal Air (RIOPA)
R824834C007 Development of the "Leland Legacy" Air Sampling Pump
R824834C008 Source Apportionment of Indoor Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) in Urban Residences
R824834C009 Development of a Personal Cascade Impactor Sampler (PCIS)
R824834C010 Testing the Metals Hypothesis in Spokane
R828678C001 Air Toxics Exposures Among Teenagers in New York City and Los Angeles—A Columbia-Harvard Study (TEACH)
R828678C002 Cardiopulmonary Effects of Metal-Containing Particulate Exposure
R828678C003 VOC Exposure in an Industry Impacted Community
R828678C004 A Study of Personal Exposure to Air Toxics Among a Subset of the Residential U.S. Population (VOC Project)
R828678C005 Oxygenated Urban Air Toxics and Asthma Variability in Middle School Children: A Panel Study (ATAC–Air Toxics and Asthma in Children)
R828678C006 Relationship between Indoor, Outdoor and Personal Air (RIOPA). Part II: Analyses of Concentrations of Particulate Matter Species
R828678C007 Development of the “Leland Legacy” Air Sampling Pump
R828678C008 Source Apportionment of Indoor PAHs in Urban Residences 98-03B
R828678C009 Development of a Personal Cascade Impactor Sampler (PCIS)
R828678C010 Testing the Metals Hypothesis in Spokane
R828678C011 A Pilot Geospatial Analysis of Exposure to Air Pollutants (with Special Attention to Air Toxics) and Hospital Admissions in Harris County, Texas
R828678C012 Impact of Exposure to Urban Air Toxics on Asthma Utilization for the Pediatric Medicaid Population in Dearborn, Michigan
R828678C013 Field Validation of the Sioutas Sampler and Leland Legacy Pump – Joint Project with EPA’s Environmental Technology Validation Program (ETV)
R828678C014 Performance Evaluation of the 3M Charcoal Vapor Monitor for Monitor Low Ambient Concentrations of VOCs
R828678C015 RIOPA Database Development
R828678C016 Contributions of Outdoor PM Sources to Indoor and Personal Exposures: Analysis of PM Species Concentrations” Focused on the PM Speciation and Apportioning of Sources
R828678C017 The Short and Long-Term Respiratory Effects of Exposure to PAHs from Traffic in a Cohort of Asthmatic Children