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| NAS - Nonindigenous Aquatic Species |
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Common Name: deepbody thread herring
Synonyms and Other Names: Pacific thread herring
Taxonomy: available through 
Identification: Eschmeyer et al. (1983); Whitehead (1985); Fischer et al. (1995a).
Size: 26 cm.
Native Range:
Marine; Southern Baja southward to Peru. Occasionally seen off southern California (Berry and Barrett 1963; Eschmeyer et al. 1983; Whitehead 1985; Fischer et al. 1995a).
Nonindigenous Occurrences:
Introduced into Salton Sea, California, in 1953 (Walker et al. 1961; Dill and Cordone 1997). Collected in Lake Mead National Recreation Area, Nevada (Tilmant 1999).
Means of Introduction: Intentionally stocked. Twenty-six fish were stocked in 1953. Stock was obtained from San Felipe, Mexico (Walker et al. 1961).
Status: The introduction failed to produced a viable population and the species is extirpated in the Salton Sea.
Impact of Introduction: Unknown.
Remarks: None.
Dill, W. A., and A. J. Cordone. 1997. History and status of introduced fishes in California, 1871--1996. Manuscript for Fish Bulletin of the California Department of Fish and Game 178.
Eschmeyer, W. N., E. S. Herald, and H. Hamann. 1983. A field guide to Pacific Coast fishes of North America. Peterson Field Guide Series. Houghton Mifflin Co., Boston, MA.
Fischer, W., F. Krupp, W. Schneider, C. Sommer, K. E. Carpenter, V. H. Niem. 1995a. Guía FAO para la identificatión de especies para los fines de la pesca. Pacifico centro-oriental. Volumen II. Vertebrados - Parte 1. Vol. II: 647--1200. Roma, FAO.
Walker, B. W., R. R. Whitney, and G. W. Barlow. 1961. Fishes of the Salton Sea. Pages 77--92 in B. W. Walker, editor. The ecology of the Salton Sea, California, in relation to the sport fishery of California. Fish Bulletin of the California Department of Fish and Game 113.
Whitehead, J. P. 1985. FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 7. Clupeoid Fishes of the World (Suborder Clupeoidei). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of the herrings, sardines, pilchards, sprats, anchovies and wolf-herrings. Part 1 -- Chirocentridae, Clupeidae and Pristigasteridae. FAO Fisheries Synopsis (125) Vol. 7, Pt. 1:303 pp.
Other Resources:
FishBase Fact Sheet
Author: Pam Fuller
Revision Date: 4/20/2006 Citation for this information:
Pam Fuller. 2009. Opisthonema libertate. USGS Nonindigenous Aquatic Species Database, Gainesville, FL.
<http://nas.er.usgs.gov/queries/FactSheet.asp?speciesID=496> Revision Date: 4/20/2006
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