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| NAS - Nonindigenous Aquatic Species |
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Common Name: red devil
Synonyms and Other Names: mojarra picuda
Taxonomy: available through 
Identification: For identification see Barlow and Munsey (1976) and Villa (1976). Distinguishing characteristics and color photographs were provided by Loiselle (1980a) and Conkel (1993). Photographs also appeared in Konings (1989). Although morphologically very similar to the midas cichlid C. citrinellum, the species is considered distinct (Barlow and Munsey 1976; Villa 1976).
Size: 24 cm SL (Conkel 1993).
Native Range:
Tropical America. Atlantic Slope drainages in Central America, including Great Lakes of Nicaragua (Conkel 1993).
Nonindigenous Occurrences: Red Devil's are established in Wahiawa Reservoir (=Lake Wilson) on Oahu, Hawaii (Mundy 2005). The have been collected in Ho'omaluhia Park, Oahu (Lingard 2002).
Means of Introduction: Probable aquarium release.
Status: Established in Hawaii.
Impact of Introduction: Unknown.
Remarks:
A fish taken from Hillsborough County, Florida, in 1976, originally was reported to be this species (Courtenay and Hensley 1979a; Courtenay and Stauffer 1990), but that specimen later was reidentified tentatively as Cichlasoma citrinellum (Smith-Vaniz, personal communication).
Barlow, G. W., and J. W. Munsey. 1976. The red devil-midas-arrow cichlid species complex in Nicaragua. Pages 359-369 in T. B. Thorson, editor. Investigations of the ichthyofauna of Nicaraguan Lakes. University of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE.
Conkel, D. 1993. Cichlids of North and Central America. Tropical Fish Hobbyist Publications, Inc., Neptune City, NJ.
Courtenay, W. R., Jr., and D. A. Hensley. 1979a. Survey of introduced non-native fishes. Phase I Report. Introduced exotic fishes in North America: status 1979. Report Submitted to National Fishery Research Laboratory, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Gainesville, FL.
Courtenay, W. R., Jr., and J. R. Stauffer, Jr.. 1990. The introduced fish problem and the aquarium fish industry. Journal of the World Aquaculture Society 21(3):145-159.
Devick, W. S. 1991a. Disturbances and fluctuations in the Wahiawa Reservoir ecosystem. Project F-14-R-15, Job 4, Study I. Division of Aquatic Resources, Hawaii Department of Land and Natural Resources. 21 pp.
Konings, A. 1989. Cichlids from Central America. Tropical Fish Hobbyist Publications, Inc., Neptune City, NJ.
Smith-Vaniz, W. - Ichthyologist, National Biological Service, Gainesville, FL.
Villa, J. 1976. Systematic status of the cichlid fishes Cichlasoma dorsatum, C. granadense and C. nigritum Meek. Pages 375-383 in T. B. Thorson, editor. Investigations of the ichthyofauna of Nicaraguan Lakes. University of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE.
Other Resources:
Hawaii Bass Fishing
FishBase Fact Sheet
Author: Leo Nico and Pam Fuller
Revision Date: 4/11/2006 Citation for this information:
Leo Nico and Pam Fuller. 2009. Cichlasoma labiatum. USGS Nonindigenous Aquatic Species Database, Gainesville, FL.
<http://nas.er.usgs.gov/queries/FactSheet.asp?speciesID=444> Revision Date: 4/11/2006
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