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| NAS - Nonindigenous Aquatic Species |
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Common Name: black jumprock
Taxonomy: available through 
Identification: Page and Burr (1991); Jenkins and Burkhead (1994). The genus Moxostoma was revised by Smith (1992), and Scartomyzon, a subgenus of Moxostoma, was elevated to genus. However, Harris et al. 2002 suggest that Scartomyzon is not a distinct lineage and its species are within the Moxostoma lineage (Nelson et al., 2004).
Size: 19 cm.
Native Range:
Atlantic Slope drainages from Chowan River, Virginia, to Neuse River, North Carolina (Page and Burr 1991; Jenkins and Burkhead 1994).
Nonindigenous Occurrences: First records for the James River drainage are from 1951 just above the mouth of Craig Creek, Virginia (Lee et al. 1980 et seq.; Jenkins and Burkhead 1994). The species spread rapidly within and from Craig Creek in the following years. Jenkins and Burkhead (1994) discussed the dispersal from the initial site. Black jumprocks have also been collected recently from the New River drainage in Virginia (Page and Burr 1991; Jenkins and Burkhead 1994). Juveniles and adults were collected in Back Creek in 1987, and one adult was collected from Toms Creek in 1988 (Jenkins and Burkhead 1994). Hocutt et al. (1986) stated black jumprocks may be introduced into the James drainage.
Means of Introduction: The population in the New drainage is thought to be a result of bait bucket introduction from the Roanoke or James drainages. This population was originally thought to have reached Craig Creek by stream capture, but more recent records of collections above and below the creek suggest human introduction (Lee et al. 1980 et seq.). Jenkins and Burkhead (1994) give evidence for introduced status, but suggest no means of introduction for the Craig Creek population.
Status: Established in Virginia.
Impact of Introduction: Unknown.
Remarks: None.
Harris, P. M., R. L. Mayden, H. S. Espinosa-Perez and F. Garcia de Leon. 2002. Phylogenetic Relationships of Moxostoma and Scartomyzon (Catostomidae) based on mitochondrial cytochrome b sequence data. Journal of Fish Biology. 61(6): 1433-1452.
Hocutt, C. H., R. E. Jenkins, and J.R. Stauffer, Jr. 1986. Zoogeography of the fishes of the central Appalachians and central Atlantic Coastal Plain. Pages 161--212 in C. H. Hocutt, and E. O. Wiley, editors. The Zoogeography of North American Freshwater Fishes. John Wiley and Sons, New York, NY.
Jenkins, R. E., and N. M. Burkhead. 1994. Freshwater fishes of Virginia. American Fisheries Society, Bethesda, MD.
Lee, D. S., C. R. Gilbert, C. H. Hocutt, R. E. Jenkins, D. E. McAllister, and J. R. Stauffer, Jr. 1980 et seq. Atlas of North American freshwater fishes. North Carolina State Museum of Natural History, Raleigh, NC.
Nelson, J. S., E. J. Crossman, H. Espinosa-Perez, L. T. Findley, C. R. Gilbert, R. N. Lea and J. D. Williams. 2004. Common and Scientific Names of Fishes from the United States, Canada and Mexico, Sixth Edition. American Fisheries Society Special Publication 29. Bethesda, MD.
Page, L. M., and B. M. Burr. 1991. A field guide to freshwater fishes of North America north of Mexico. The Peterson Field Guide Series, volume 42. Houghton Mifflin Company, Boston, MA.
Smith, G. R. 1992. Phylogeny and biogeography of the Catostomidae, freshwater fishes of North America and Asia. Pages 778-826 in R. L. Mayden, editor. Systematics, historical ecology, and North American freshwater fishes. Stanford University Press, Stanford, CA.
Other Resources:
FishBase Fact Sheet
Author: Pam Fuller
Revision Date: 10/8/2008 Citation for this information:
Pam Fuller. 2009. Moxostoma cervinum. USGS Nonindigenous Aquatic Species Database, Gainesville, FL.
<http://nas.er.usgs.gov/queries/FactSheet.asp?speciesID=367> Revision Date: 10/8/2008
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