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2007 Progress Report: Inner City Toxicants and Neurodevelopment in Urban Children
EPA Grant Number: R831711Center: Mount Sinai Center for Children's Environmental Health and Disease Prevention Research.
Center Director: Wolff, Mary S.
Title: Inner City Toxicants and Neurodevelopment in Urban Children
Investigators: Wolff, Mary S. , Claudio, Luz , Galvez, Maria , Godbold, James , Teitelbaum, Susan
Institution: Mount Sinai School of Medicine
EPA Project Officer: Fields, Nigel
Project Period: November 1, 2003 through October 31, 2008
Project Period Covered by this Report: November 1, 2006 through October 31,2007
Project Amount: $3,948,091
RFA: Centers for Children's Environmental Health and Disease Prevention Research (2003)
Research Category: Children's Health , Health Effects
Description:
Objective:Children in America’s cities are at risk of exposure to multiple known and potential developmental toxicants, and particular concern has been raised about newly identified, widely prevalent chemicals – the so-called endocrine disruptors (EDs), which include phthalates and alkyl phenols. They have become widely dispersed in the urban built-environment, and significant levels of phthalates are now nearly ubiquitous in the bodies of Americans. Highest exposures occur in children and in minorities. Yet little is known, either of children’s pathways of exposure to EDs, or their presence and their levels in children, or of the human developmental toxicity of EDs. To address these gaps, the Mount Sinai Center is undertaking research (1) to characterize the levels and sources of children’s exposures to contemporary-use EDs in the urban built environment; (2) to study relationships between EDs and neurobehavioral development; (3) to study relationships among ED exposures, diet, physical activity, and somatic growth; and (4) to characterize enzymatic polymorphisms that may modulate individual susceptibility to EDs.
Progress Summary:This research is now well underway. Children in our Center’s research project as they reach 6-8 years are overweight, a great concern to the community. More than 40% of children in our cohorts are above the 85th national percentile of body mass index that defines risk-for-overweight. During years 1-5 of the Center, we studied effects of exposure to environmental chemicals on children’s growth and neurobehavioral development. We characterized children’s exposures to pesticides, polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), DDT, chlordane and lead in three birth cohorts from East and Northern Harlem, New York City. We also evaluated susceptibility factors related to certain exposures. With the East Harlem community, we developed, deployed and field-tested integrated pest management methods to reduce children’ exposures to neurotoxic pesticides. In a population of African-American men whose mothers had participated in the Collaborative Perinatal Project during the 1960s, we measured in utero exposure to PCBs and found associated decrements in intelligence that were still evident at age 17 years. Timing of pubertal development is now being studied. PCBs, but not DDE, were strongly associated with income, a socioeconomic status indicator, in this cohort. In two recently established (1998-2001) East Harlem birth cohorts, we found evidence for common (but not universal) exposure to organophosphate and pyrethroid pesticides. Exposures to PCBs and related chlorinated hydrocarbons were quite low, but PCB levels were still associated with fish intake. Lead (Pb) exposures were low. In utero exposure to organophosphates was associated with decreased head circumference of infants at birth, but only in mothers with low PON1 activity.
In years 6-10, we continue to follow the birth cohorts established in the first grant cycle, to evaluate effects on later childhood development of these prenatal exposures as well as the prevalent ED exposures. Preliminary findings indicate broad, variable exposures and disparate built-environment characteristics in our neighborhood, among both mothers and children. Excessively higly levels of some ED biomarkers have been found in 3 separate study groups from our Center. Specifically, in Project 2 we have published findings describing the association of organophosphates and organochlorines with birth outcomes and early child neurodevelopment. We have several abstracts at the 2006 and 2007 ISEE meetings, describing exposures to pesticides and EDs in our cohorts. Project 1 continues apace, with a publication that describes features of the built-environment and children in East Harlem. With the baseline data now available for the cohort and complete biomarkers for EDs available within the year, we shall be able to address many of the aims of this research, viz relationships among obesity, biomarkers, child diet, child physical activity, and the physical environment of East Harlem. Project 3 has completed genotyping for a variant related to bisphenol A metabolism and those findings have been submitted for publication. Genotyping for lipase will be undertaken this year. With the maturation of these cohorts, we are assembling final data analyses and plans for the Children’s Center research projects.
R831711C001
Growing Up Healthy in East Harlem (Community-Based Participatory Research)
Project 1 is a Community-Based Participatory Research (CBPR) project that is studying childhood obesity in relation to structural features and endocrine disruptor (ED) exposures in the urban built environment of East Harlem. We have now enrolled over 350 children in the longitudinal study of growth. We have evaluated neighborhood physical activity and food resources using maps. They have been applied using GIS to assess distribution in East Harlem and relationships with child obesity. Quantitative physical activity is being assessed using a newly developed protocol that records daily pedometer readings and activity diaries, in addition to traditional questionnaires on usual physical activity. The protocol was evaluated in week-long diaries among 30 children in Project 1. Children’s usage patterns of EDs are being determined through a “product-use” questionnaire (developed in our CBPR). We have completed a 6-month study to evaluate biomarker protocols in 34 6-8 year-old children of phthalates, phenols, and phytoestrogens and the sources of those chemicals. Results show maximum levels >3000 ug/L of at least one analyte and median levels >100 ug/L for most of the phthalate, phytoestrogen, and phenol families of EDs. Levels were quite stable over time, indicating that spot urines are useful to examine general exposures. We have examined relationships of urine levels with specific products to identify sources of EDs in the pilot project. Phase 2 of the 3-year longitudinal study has begun to evaluate risk prospectively for obesity in relation to built environment factors and ED exposures. We are studying with Project 3 genetic susceptibility related to obesity in Projects 1 and 2. We have identified products that may be responsible for some of the urinary metabolites, and will explore those specific exposure sources. We shall begin analysis of two years of data (baseline and first followup) to examine relationships of exposures to obesity in these children. 35% of girls and 50% of boys were at-risk-for obesity or obese.
R831711C002
Pesticides, Endocrine Disruptors, Childhood Growth, and Development (Birth Cohort)
Project 2 is a continuing prospective epidemiologic study of an ethnically diverse birth cohort of infants born at Mount Sinai. A total of 482 women have been enrolled thus far. We continue the child neurobehavioral and anthropometric assessments, including %-body fat, at the child’s 4th, 6th, and 7th year. The aim is to assess whether in utero and/or childhood exposure to pesticides and endocrine disruptors, specifically organophosphates, pyrethroids, PCBs, phthalates, bisphenol A, and other phenols are associated with childhood growth and neurodevelopment in children in New York City. We have reported that toxic effects on fetal growth of pesticides may vary, depending on maternal susceptibility factors, including PON1 and body size. In addition, the possible modulating influences of polymorphisms and enzymatic activity involving lipases and glucuronidases are also being evaluated, in collaboration with Project 3. Data on all East Harlem study groups show very high levels of certain phthalate metabolites and phenols in our mothers, compared with the NHANES national data from CDC. Data analyses are underway to ascertain relationships among these exposures and birth outcomes as well as child neurodevelopment. An administrative supplement has been obtained in collaboration with the UCBerkeley and other centers to compare findings on birth outcomes, child neurodevelopment and pesticide and PCB exposures.
R831711C003
Genetics of Phthalate and Bisphenol A Risk in Minority Populations (Individual Susceptibility)
Project 3 has been studying seven genetic polymorphisms in the enzymes that activate and detoxify organophosphates and other pesticides in the population of mothers and infants enrolled in Project 2. Genotypes and phenotypes have been assessed in 656 samples, including maternal and cord bloods. Genotype/haplotype-phenotype associations of PON1 vary by allele, are independent of race/ethnicity, and are stronger for infants than mothers. Results suggest that infants may be more susceptible to toxic effects of PON1 substrates, and that fetal development may be impaired if maternal PON1 or genotype are low-activity. We have developed a new robust single molecule-based haplotyping technology that was verified by showing haplotype-based variation in PON1 activity in mothers heterozygous at two loci, a result that could not have been determined by genotyping or by haplotype inference. We have established an assay for lingual lipase (conversion of phthalate diester to monoester) in collaboration with Dr. Calafat at the CDC. We have genotyped the common missense polymorphism in human UGT2B7 in our population and examined its association with urinary metabolites, also measured at the CDC. There is a significant association with exposure to several phenols, including BPA. We have designed and implemented a panel of 58 genetic variants related to obesity and growth, to be evaluated in Project 1.
Two new investigators have joined the Center. Susan Teitelbaum, Ph.D. has been trained in both epidemiology and biostatistics, with experience in environmental cancer epidemiology. She is leading efforts to assess potential children’s health risks associated with the combined effect of multiple exposures. Maida Galvez, M.D. was one of first Fellows in Environmental Pediatrics to be trained here at Mount Sinai. Through the New Investigator project, she has been directing the part of Project 1 dealing with risk factors in inner-city structural environment that may be associated with obesity and adverse child development.
The Center contains Facilities Cores in Exposure Assessment and Biostatistics/Data Management as well as an Administration Core.
Specific Aims
The main goal of the Community Outreach and Translation Core is to develop, implement and evaluate strategies to translate scientific findings on children’s environmental health into information that can be used by the local community, policy makers and clinical professionals. The Specific Aims of the COTC are:
1. To translate the work of the Centers for Children’s Health and the Environment into information that can be used by community residents, policy makers and health care providers to protect children’s environmental health by compiling fact sheets and an annual report.
2. To empower community residents, policy makers and health care providers with information that is relevant to children’s environmental health and to offer opportunities for interaction regarding these issues at scientific conferences.
3. To provide educational opportunities for parents of young children in East Harlem on topics related to children’s environmental health using the wealth of expertise that already exists in the local community and in the Mount Sinai Medical Center by offering workshops in the community.
Results and Accomplishments
The COTC lost the services of its Program Coordinator, Ms. Reeve Chace who left Mount Sinai. Ms. Chace has now been replaced by Sarah Williams, MPH. Ms. Williams is a graduate of Downstate Medical Center and has experience in conducting community outreach projects related to breast cancer services for communities in Brooklyn, New York. She has spent three months as an intern under Dr. Claudio's Short-term Training Program for Minority Students. After successful completion of this internship, Ms. Williams will be offered the position of Program Coordinator for the COTC.
Ms. Williams is translating children’s environmental health information into lay language by publishing a series of newsletters and fact sheets for the community. The “East Harlem Kids in Action News”, provides the latest information in the Growing Up Healthy study with families and the community. Volume 3 was produced in the Spring of 2007 and distributed to over 500 participants and community members. The newsletter was extremely well received by participants and community members.
In addition to the newsletter, the COTC produced Community fact sheets focusing on children’s environmental health issues to be disseminated to the local community. An effective improvement that has been made to the format of the community fact sheets is that each will now be designed and mailed with a gift that will promote the health message being expressed in the fact sheets. It is hoped that these small gifts will support healthier behaviors in study participants. This was done in response to the very favorable reviews we received to the “Quick Guide to Safer Plastics” which we created in the form of a wallet card. The fact sheets and other mailings that have been sent to study participants this year are:
- Chemicals in Cosmetics Fact Sheet – this fact sheet included a compact mirror with a list of chemical classes to avoid in cosmetics and personal beauty products
- Mother’s Day cards
- Growing Up Healthy Calendar – wall calendar that also serves as a reminder of upcoming events and follow-up visits to the GUH clinicians and investigators
- Free Summer Activities Bulletin – for families to find summer activities free in the community.
In addition, children were given binders that will serve to collect the fact sheets and newsletters that they will receive throughout the year.
Highlights of Activities Conducted by the COTC
Events hosted by the COTC in collaboration with local organizations highlighting key aspects of environmental and health related science topics as well as increased awareness of resources available to study participants. These collaborative activities included:
- New York City Parks Foundation- Environmental educators offered three separate “Make Your Own Nature Journal” workshops at the Mount Sinai Growing Up Healthy Lab. Children learned about forest ecology, then learned about keeping field notes by handcrafting individualized “nature journals.”
- New York City Parks Foundation- Environmental educators introduced children to the hidden wonders of Central Park, equipping them with magnifying glasses and bug boxes and then taking them on a scavenger hunt in the park.
- Julia de Burgos Community Center- Art Day for children enrolled in the study in which they will have access to work stations and instructors who will provide materials and information to make crafts.
Significance
Outreach activities have successfully hosted 11 activities with 217 attendances by study participants. On average, 10.8% of all study participants invited attended the activities with attendances ranging from 3% to 34%, depending of the activity. However, attendances to COTC activities totaled 377 because each participant brought at least two additional non-participants to the events. People who were not study participants who attended the events included siblings, friends, neighbors and other community members. Activities that were held during this year are:
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Creation of a Nature Journal (Three sessions)
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A Spring Afternoon in Central Park – Co-created with City Parks Foundation
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Springtime Gift Bags – a give-away event at Mount Sinai
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A Summer Afternoon in Central Park (Three sessions) – Co-created by City Parks Foundation
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Dance Party – Co-created by Rodney Lopez of the Movie Mad Hot Ballroom
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Backpack Giveaway
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Art Day – Co-created with the Julia De Burgos Community Center
Core I: Administration Core
Goals and Specific Aims – No changes have been made in the Specific Aims.
The Core provides overall direction to the Mount Sinai Center for Children’s Environment Health and Disease Prevention Research by (1) coordinating and integrating the academic research projects, The Community-Based Prevention Research Project (CBPR), the Community Outreach and Translation Core (COTC), and the Facilities Cores; (2) overseeing the Center’s Advisory Boards; and (3) providing fiscal management. The Administration Core links the Center to the Mount Sinai Pediatric Environmental Health Specialty Unit (PEHSU) and to the Pediatric Environmental Health Fellowship Program, supported by the Ambulatory Pediatric Association. The Administration Core coordinates the Center’s interactions with other Children’s Environmental Health Centers across the United States, NIEHS, EPA, and CDC, as well as with individuals and organizations interested in pediatric environmental health research and disease prevention.
Annual Report
During the eighth year of the Children’s Center, the Administration Core has worked closely with all Research Projects to publish previous findings and to move forward with the goals of this grant cycle. The Core also worked with the two New Investigators to begin their own research and to integrate their unique contributions into the Center. We have now participated in quarterly Community Advisory Board meetings convened by Project 1. The Center Director and the co-PIs have represented the Center at national and international meetings during the past year. The Core convenes and leads the monthly Center meetings to monitor progress, to promote Core and Project interactions, and to fine-tune ongoing research. Dr. Landrigan was awarded an Environmental Pediatric training grant which will provide new talent for the Children’s Center. In this 9th year of the Center, we have made significant progress in describing new-age environmental exposures in mothers and children, and in defining effects of pesticides and PCBs that were studied in the first 5 years of the Center. We convened in June our External Scientific Advisory Board, who provided many helpful suggestions to move the Center forward and continue its work. We attended national meetings with other Centers to present findings and coordinate pooled data analysis. The Center Directors have monthly conference calls to coordinate these efforts.
Significance
The Center is progressing well, in analyzing data from the past five years and on the new generation of research on endocrine disruptors, the built-environment, and child growth and development, as planned for this cycle. We continue to incorporate measures of individual susceptibility as they relate to the toxic effects of environmental exposures in fetal life and in children. We have described significant effects of environment on neurodevelopment and obesity in children, and we continue to provide a strong interface with the East Harlem community from which many of our participants come and which our Hospital serves.
Goals and Specific Aims
No changes have been made in the Specific Aims.
The primary, service-oriented, goal of the Biostatistics and Data Management Core is to provide a resource for data management and biostatistical analysis to investigators in the Center. The specific aims of the core are:
1. To provide a shared resource in biostatistical services, including consultation in study design, statistical analysis, and interpretation of results.
2. To provide opportunities for education in biostatistical methods that integrate diverse domains of environmental health research.
3. To provide a resource for the establishment of databases and for monitoring the quality of the databases.
Annual Report
During the past year, members of the Biostatistics Core have worked with investigators in the Children’s Center on data-management and data-analysis tasks. Specifically, the members of this Core have performed the following tasks:
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Updated tracking databases to include Year-2 queries, reports and data entry capabilities
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Maintained tracking databases and monitored data entry practices
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Analyzed data from the Tanner staging inter-rater reliability sub-study
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Generated SAS program to read in Boy’s Questionnaire data
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Uploaded bi-weekly updates from Diet Call Center to Tracking Database and advised interviewers of any children who the Center has been unable to reach
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Prepared slides/tables as needed for various meetings and presentations by investigators in the Center
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Created SAS datasets and performed data analysis as required
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Analyzed data for Poster and subsequent manuscript on the relationship between the racial composition of neighborhoods and distribution of food stores with fresh/healthy foods Entered data for both Project 1 and Project 2. For project 2, entered anthropometry, Tanner staging, and pedometer records. Compared the 1st and 2nd data entry records and fixed errors in both as needed. For Project 2, entered the questionnaire, the BASC the BRIEF, the anthropometry, and the developmental testing results
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Generated weekly progress reports to monitor Baseline, Year-1 and Year-2 enrollment, recruitment, Tanner staging and anthropometric measures.
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Performed data cleaning and scoring of standardized data collection instruments.
Significance
Changes made to the tracking database and to the reports generated from it are important in providing investigators better ways to monitor the progress of the study. Data analysis of the reliability data were critical in assessing whether the Tanner staging by different physicians yielded data that could be meaningfully analyzed in the aggregate over all children in the larger study. Data analysis for posters and studies is important in providing a summary of the data collected thus far. Data entry is an essential part of the study, and monitoring its quality and resolving discrepancies between first and second entries in a timely fashion is important to being able to resolve the discrepancies.
Core II: Exposure Assessment Core
Core Director: Mary S. Wolff, PhD
Co-investigators: Dana Barr, PhD, Susan Teitelbaum, PhD, Antonia Calafat, PhD
The co-investigators have contributed significantly to various aspects of the Core and will continue to work closely to integrate all aspects of the biomarker and interview measurements into the three Research Projects.
Dr. Barr is our lead contact at CDC for IRB and shipping of the biospecimens; her laboratory also analyzed samples for organophosphate metabolites. Dr. Antonia Calafat at CDC directs the laboratory that performs the phthalate and phenol including bisphenol A analyses.
Goals and Specific Aims – No changes have been made in the Specific Aims.
The primary, service-oriented goal of the Exposure Assessment Core is to provide a high-quality, comprehensive and cost-effective resource in exposure assessment for all of the research projects within the Center. The secondary, research-oriented goal is to evaluate new approaches to the assessment and quantification of children’s exposures to developmental toxicants in the urban environment.
Objectives of the Core, which remain unchanged since the previous application, are:
- To develop markers of exposure that will permit precise individual assessment of exposures in infants and children. (We have extended this goal in this proposal to identify markers from other labs, i.e. CDC, which may be more specific and/or cost effective.)
- To quantify children’s exposures to known environmental toxicants, using analyses of environmental as well as of biological samples.
- To evaluate and quantify exposure pathways.
- To identify new developmental toxicants in the urban environment.
- To access and store environmental and biological samples.
- To provide quality assurance/quality control (QA/QC) for all analyses conducted in Center projects.
Annual Report:
During the ninth year of the Children’s Center, the Exposure Assessment Core has worked closely with all Research Projects to develop and implement methods of environmental sampling and analysis. During the past year, the Exposure Assessment Core has continued to support the sample analyses and field survey methods in research Projects 1, 2, and 3. The Core worked with Project 1 and Dr. Teitelbaum to complete the pilot project for Project 1 and to develop biospecimen protocols and the environmental questionnaires to be used in Project 1 and 2. Samples collected by Project 2 will be used by Project 3. Samples for Project 1 and Project 2 are being analyzed by CDC. Results of alkylphosphates, phthalate metabolites, and phenols were obtained this year from CDC for prenatal urines in Project 2 and for saliva in Project 3. Project 1 child urines have been shipped to CDC and results have been returned for about 1/3rd of over 300 submitted. We have completed preliminary comparisons of the urine results from the temporality pilot study with the product-use question responses. Past week use of several personal care products (e.g., shampoo, hair gel, and body moisturizer) was significantly associated with higher concentrations of several metabolites of di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP). Reported use of sunscreen was significantly associated with higher concentrations of benzophenone-3 (BP-3), an ultraviolet filter. Reported use of potential sources of bisphenol-A (BPA) exposure (e.g., hard plastics) did not predict BPA concentrations. From these data we have compiled a preliminary list of products to test for phthalates from East Harlem stores.
Significance
The pilot study that has been completed on intraindividual reproducibility of urinary biomarkers has provided critically important information on stability of child exposure to environmental endocrine disruptors. Children’s body burdens of new-age EDs are high, with maximum levels >3000 ug/L of at least one analyte and median levels >100 ug/L for most of the phthalate, phytoestrogen, and phenol families of EDs. Children’s usage patterns of EDs are being determined through a “product-use” questionnaire. Maternal prenatal urines are similarly high, suggesting fetal exposure to both phthalate metabolites and phenols, including bisphenol A, which both have anti-androgenic and estrogenic potential. One finding of particular interest has been consistently high levels of 2,5-dichlorophenol (25DCP) in four different study groups, the mothers from Project 2 (1998-2002) and the children from project 1 (2004-2006). In addition, the temporality study demonstrated that levels of 25DCP are fairly stable over a 6-12 month period (ICC=0.40). In a national study including 30 girls from our Center, Black/Hispanic girls from Mount Sinai had significantly higher levels of 25DCP in urine than girls at the other 2 sites (Ohio and California). Similar levels were found in the boys’ samples from Project 1. Levels in our kids are 5-8x higher than NHANES children in 1999-2000. Levels of 25DCP in the Mothers in the Project 2 are 10-times that among all NHANES females. Their levels exhibited a strong association with reported use of mothballs. The origin of 25DCP in our children is not yet known, but toilet deodorizers in schools and mothballs are suspected sources. We have explored possible future directions with the CDC, the NYCDOHMH and with the Community Advisory Board of the CBPR project (Project 1).
New Investigator: S. Teitelbaum
Goals and Specific Aims
No changes have been made in the Goals or Specific Aims.
Dr. Teitelbaum has identified the combined effect of multiple exposures on human health as a particular interest. Her goal is to apply advanced statistical techniques not yet commonly used by epidemiologists, such as factor analysis and hierarchical regression modeling, to advance the understanding of environmentally related disease.
Specific Aims, which remain unchanged since the previous application, are:
1. Identify the appropriate statistical modeling techniques for investigating multiple and multilevel exposures in environmental epidemiology analyses.
2. Apply the identified statistical techniques to improve the questionnaire assessment of ED exposure (to be used in Projects 1 and 2) we shall examine the relation between reported product use and household survey with urinary biomarker levels of ED exposure ascertained in the CBPR pilot study.
3. Apply the identified statistical techniques to examine the multilevel and combined multiple exposures of the urban built environment and their relationship with obesity among the children of East Harlem, NY (CBPR – Project 1).
4. Apply the identified statistical techniques to examine the combined effect of multiple exposures on growth and development among the children in Project 2.
Annual Report:
During the past year, Dr. Teitelbaum continues to be one of the principal contributors overseeing field operations and data collection for Project 1. She conducted the interviewer training for the second annual follow-up protocols. Additionally, Dr. Teitelbaum, working closely with Dr. Britton, Project 1 and the Exposure Assessment Core has submitted the first manuscript on the temporal variability of the biomarker levels measured by the CDC in the urine samples collected in the pilot project for Project 1. To address Specific Aim 2, data analysis has been completed to assess the relationship between biomarker level and reported product use from the questionnaire data collected during the pilot study. The manuscript is currently in preparation. Dr. Teitelbaum completed an advanced statistical course in mixed models. This statistical approach will provide an important method for incorporating the mixed effects of multiple exposures as measured through the biomarkers as well as the reported product use in her upcoming analyses of these environmental exposures and growth/development using data from Projects 1 and 2 (Specific Aim 3). Dr. Teitelbaum has also been involved in the statistical analysis of the pesticide metabolite data from Project 2.
Significance
The results of the temporal variability analysis of phthalate metabolites, phytoestrogens and phenols provides good evidence that the sources of exposure for these chemicals are relatively constant over the previous six to twelve months. The intraclass correlation coefficient was >0.2 for 18 out of 19 analytes and >0.3 for more than half of the analytes, and every biomarker had a minimum of two time intervals with significant or borderline-significant correlations. Surrogate category analysis for each of the nineteen biomarkers assessed indicated that tertile categories based on a single measurement represented a six-month average concentration. For 13 biomarkers the six-month average concentration was predicted by a sample collected at the start of the interval as well as by a sample collected at the end of the interval, suggesting that an annual urine sample used for exposure assessment in longitudinal studies might be reflective of a participant’s year-long exposure for these chemicals. The pilot study has also provided important information on environmental sources of the endocrine disruptors. Past week use of several personal care products (e.g., shampoo, hair gel, and body moisturizer) was significantly associated with higher concentrations of several metabolites of di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP). Reported use of sunscreen was significantly associated with higher concentrations of benzophenone-3 (BP-3), an ultraviolet filter. Reported use of potential sources of bisphenol-A (BPA) exposure (e.g., hard plastics) did not predict BPA concentrations. These results will be presented at the 2007 Annual meeting of the International Society of Environmental Epidemiology. In addition to the CDC’s donated analysis of phytoestrogens and pesticides to further validate these biomarkers because of the unique value of this data set, we are in discussion with other researchers who are interested in assessing the temporal variability of additional environmental chemicals.
Future Activities:Our efforts are now being directed toward optimal outreach and cost effective methods of maintaining contact with participants. The COTC is planning the following modifications and improvements to increase participation and retention in the study:
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Scheduling event dates for optimal attendance, such as evening and weekend dates
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Holding focus groups to determine what aspects of activities participants rate highest
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Fewer monthly workshops, more mass mailings, seasonal greeting cards, giveaways, invitations to raffles and contests to solicit more address and phone number changes
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Developing more partnerships with scientific and cultural institutions within New York City
We shall continue to lead the research efforts in the Center and to coordinate cross-Center research; national conference calls are held regularly and are supported by NIEHS to facilitate this effort. The 2006 national meeting formalized the plans for several cross-Center collaborative papers, including pooled data analysis and more general topics. Administrative funds were provided by NIEHS/EPA to support this work. We are planning the 2007 meeting. Two abstracts were presented at ISEE 2006, including our own data and cross-center collaborative pooling analyses. Three new papers will be presented at ISEE 2007. We continue to work on the national level with NIEHS and EPA to disseminate relevant research findings to the national arena and to appropriate policy initiatives.
Reports will continue to be generated on a regular basis to monitor the progress of recruitment and data collection in the study. As questionnaire data and laboratory data are collected, programs will be written to check for the completeness and accuracy of these data. Data cleaning will continue, and extend to new variables in the dataset. Changes will be made, as necessary, to the tracking databases. Data analyses will be performed for posters and papers as needed by project investigators.
Analyses will be complEted this year for the baseline urines from children Project 1 (>300 total). Data from the child intraindividual reproducibility has been submitted for publication, and the phenol and phthalate data from Project 2 are being analyzed in relation to birth outcomes, somatic growth and child neurodevelopment (from birth to 7 yr; see report in Project 2). We shall analyze selected personal products from East Harlem that children reported using, to begin plans for possible intervention and educational efforts. The biomarker data from the children will be analyzed with regard to body size (anthropometry) as an outcome over a 2-year period (baseline and 1-year’s followup).
In addition, Dr. Galvez will be involved in the following data analyses plan for the coming year:
1. Associations between physical activity resources and neighborhood characteristics.
This analysis will assess whether Census blocks identified as predominantly African American, Latino or Racially mixed differ with respect to availability of physical activity resources in East Harlem, NY. The manuscript will follow the general analysis plan of the food store availability paper (Race and Food Store Availability in an Inner City Neighborhood, Public Health Nutrition, in press, 2007). Both papers will provide the building blocks for future analyses assessing whether the built environment influences children’s diets, physical activity level and risk for overweight.
2. Association between the food environment and dietary intake.
This analysis will assess whether food store availability by Census block as outlined in the current paper in press (Race and Food Store Availability in an Inner City Neighborhood, Public Health Nutrition, 2007) influences children’s dietary behaviors as measured by dietary recalls and questionnaire data.
3. Association between the physical activity environment and physical activity.
This analysis will assess whether physical activity resource availability by Census block as outlined in bullet #2 influences children’s physical activity behaviors as measured by pedometer, physical activity log and questionnaire data.
4. Methodology behind the Built Environment Scale.
This paper will describe how the Built Environment scale, a comprehensive scoring of neighborhood characteristics by Census block including factors that may influence diet, physical activity and risk for overweight will be developed. This scale will utilize data from papers #1 on food store availability and paper #2 on physical activity resource availability in addition to other neighborhood characteristics including socioeconomic factors, crime rates, pedestrian injuries, motor vehicle accidents and motor vehicle congestion.
5. Association between the Built Environment Scale and Childhood Overweight.
The Built Environment Scale developed in paper #4 will be utilized in an analysis of associations between the built environment (neighborhood characteristics)children’s dietary and physical activity behavior and risk for overweight.
6. Associations between Products Used and Endocrine Disruptor (ED) metabolites.
Products will be identified both by frequency of use in the population as well as the products used most frequently by the children with the highest levels of ED metabolites. These products will then be tested to determine which products are the most likely sources of exposure to EDs in an inner city population of 6-8 year old children.
7. Endocrine Disruptor metabolites and Body Size.
This analysis will assess the relationship between ED metabolites and children’s growth and development both cross sectionally and in future analysis, longitudinally as measured by height, weight, body mass index, waist hip ratio, and bioimpedance (Tanita and RJL).
Continued oversight of field operations for Project 1. Using the reported product brands from the pilot study as a guide, personal care and holdhold cleaning products will be purchased and samples will be analyzed for phthalate concentrations. A comparison of the product phthalate level with the phthalate metabolite concentrations among participants who used the products will be made to inform both Project 1 and Project 2 about possible specific sources of phthalate exposure. Several manuscripts are planned for the coming year. As mentioned above, analysis of reported personal care and household products as sources of exposure to EDs has been completed and the manuscript is in preparation. Using the factor analysis approach previously developed as well as a hierarchical modeling approach, analysis of the available biomarker data in relation to pregnancy outcomes (Project 2) and body sixe (Project 1) are planned.
Journal Articles: 141 Displayed | Download in RIS Format
| Other center views: | All 306 publications | 174 publications in selected types | All 141 journal articles |
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Anderson HA, Wolff MS. Environmental contaminants in human milk. Journal of Exposure Analysis and Environmental Epidemiology 2000;10(Suppl 6):755-760. |
R831711 (2005) R831711 (2006) R831711C001 (2006) R831711C002 (2006) R831711C003 (2006) |
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Anderson HA, Wolff MS. Importance of environmental contaminants in human milk. Journal of Exposure Analysis and Environmental Epidemiology 2000;10:1-6. |
R831711 (2007) |
not available |
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Anderson HA, Wolff MS. Introductory commentary: special fish contaminants issue. Environmental Research 2005;97(2):125-126. |
R831711 (2005) R831711 (2006) R831711 (2007) R831711C001 (2006) R831711C002 (2006) R831711C003 (2006) |
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Anderson HA, Wolff MS. Special fish contaminants issue. Environmental Research 2005;97(2):125-126 [introductory commentary]. |
R831711 (2004) |
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Belogolovkin V, Engel SM, Ferrara L, Eddleman KA, Stone JL. Does placental location predict fetal birth-weight in diamniotic twins? Journal of Ultrasound in Medicine 2007;26:187-191. |
R831711 (2007) |
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Berkowitz GS, Wolff MS, Matte T, Susser E, Landrigan PJ. The rationale for a national prospective cohort study of environmental exposure and childhood development. Environmental Research 2001;85(2):59-68. |
R831711 (2005) R831711 (2006) R831711 (2007) R831711C001 (2006) R831711C002 (2006) R831711C003 (2006) R827039 (2002) R827039C004 (2002) |
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Berkowitz GS, Obel J, Deych E, Lapinski R, Godbold J, Liu Z, Landrigan PJ, Wolff MS. Exposure to indoor pesticides during pregnancy in a multiethnic, urban cohort. Environmental Health Perspectives 2003;111(1):79-84. |
R831711 (2004) R831711 (2005) R831711 (2006) R831711 (2007) R831711C001 (2006) R831711C002 (2006) R831711C003 (2006) R827039 (2002) R827039C004 (2002) |
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Berkowitz GS, Wetmur JG, Birman-Deych E, Obel J, Lapinski RH, Godbold JH, Holzman IR, Wolff MS. In utero pesticide exposure, maternal paraoxonase activity, and head circumference. Environmental Health Perspectives 2004;112(3):388-391. |
R831711 (2004) R831711 (2005) R831711 (2006) R831711 (2007) R831711C001 (2006) R831711C002 (2004) R831711C002 (2006) R831711C003 (2004) R831711C003 (2006) |
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Bienenfeld LA, Golden AL, Garland EJ. Consumption of fish from polluted waters by WIC participants in east Harlem. Journal of Urban Health 2003;80:349-58. |
R831711 (2005) |
not available |
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Borrell LN, Factor-Litvak P, Wolff MS, Susser E, Matte TD. Effect of socioeconomic status on exposures to polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene (DDE) among pregnant African-American women. Archives of Environmental Health 2004;59(5):250-255. |
R831711 (2005) R831711 (2006) R831711 (2007) R831711C001 (2006) R831711C002 (2006) R831711C003 (2006) |
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Borrell LN, Factor-Litvak P, Wolff M, Susser E, et al. The effect of socioeconomic indicators on polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and dichlorodiphenyl dichloroethene (DDE) exposure in pregnant women. Archives of Environmental Health 2004;59(5):250-255. |
R831711 (2005) |
not available |
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Braganza SF, Galvez MP, Mencin AA, Ozuah PO. Weighing the appropriate uses of supplemental zinc. Contemporary Pediatrics 2006:23(7):66-74. |
R831711 (2005) R831711 (2007) |
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Braganza SF, Galvez MP, Mencin AA, Ozuah PO. Weighting the appropriate uses of supplemental zinc. Contemporary Pediatrics 2006;23(7):66-74. |
R831711 (2006) R831711C001 (2006) R831711C002 (2006) R831711C003 (2006) |
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Braganza SF, Galvez MP, Ozuah PO. When parents ask about diet therapy for ADHD. Contemporary Pediatrics 2006;23(5):47-49. |
R831711 (2005) R831711 (2006) R831711 (2007) R831711C001 (2006) R831711C002 (2006) R831711C003 (2006) |
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Brand SR, Engel SM, Canfield RL, Yehuda R. The effect of maternal ptsd following in utero trauma exposure on behavior and temperament in the 9-month old infant. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 2006;1071:454-454. |
R831711 (2007) |
not available |
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Brenner BL, Markowitz S, Rivera M, Romero H, Weeks M, Sanchez E, Deych E, Garg A, Godbold J, Wolff MS, Landrigan PJ, Berkowitz G. Integrated pest management in an urban community: a successful partnership for prevention. Environmental Health Perspectives 2003;111(13):1649-1653. |
R831711 (2004) R831711 (2005) R831711 (2006) R831711 (2007) R831711C001 (2004) R831711C001 (2006) R831711C002 (2006) R831711C003 (2006) |
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Brenner B. Implementing a community intervention program for health promotion. Social Work in Health Care 2002;35(1-2):359-379. |
R831711 (2005) R831711 (2007) R831711C001 (2006) R831711C003 (2006) |
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Britton JA, Teitelbaum SL, Wolff MS. Correspondence re: Schoen et al., Lack of association between adipose tissue distribution, and insulin-like growth factor-I and insulin-like growth factor binding protein-3 in men and women. Cancer Epidemiology Biomarkers & Prevention 2002;11:581-586 (letter to the editor). |
R831711 (2006) R831711C001 (2006) R831711C002 (2006) R831711C003 (2006) |
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Britton JA, Teitelbaum SL, Wolff MS. Letter to the Editor. Cancer Epidemiology Biomarkers & Prevention 2002;11:581-586. |
R831711 (2005) |
not available |
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Britton JA, Wolff MS, Lapinski R, Forman J, Hochman S, Kabat GC, Godbold J, Larson S, Berkowitz GS. Characteristics of pubertal development in a multi-ethnic population of nine-year-old girls. Annals of Epidemiology 2004;14(3):179-187. |
R831711 (2005) R831711 (2006) R831711 (2007) R831711C001 (2006) R831711C002 (2006) R831711C003 (2006) |
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Carpenter DO, Chew FT, Damstra T, Lam LH, Landrigan PJ, Makalinao I, Peralta GL, Suk WA. Environmental threats to the health of children: the Asian perspective. Environmental Health Perspectives 2000;108(10):989-992. |
R831711 (2005) R831711 (2006) R831711 (2007) R831711C001 (2006) R831711C002 (2006) R831711C003 (2006) |
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Chemtob CM, Conroy DL, Hochauser CJ, Laraque D, Banks J, Schmeidler J, Dela Cruz M, Nelsen WC, Landrigan PJ. Children who lost a parent as a result of the terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001: registry construction and population description. Death Studies 2007;31(1):87-100. |
R831711 (2007) |
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Chen A, Zhang J, Zhou L, Gao E, et al. DDT serum concentration and menstruation among young Chinese women. Environmental Research 2005;99(3):397-402 |
R831711 (2005) |
not available |
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Chen J, Germer S, Higuchi R, Berkowitz G, Godbold J, Wetmur JG. Kinetic polymerase chain reaction on pooled DNA: a high-throughput, high-efficiency alternative in genetic epidemiological studies. Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention 2002;11(1):131-136. |
R831711 (2005) R831711 (2006) R831711 (2007) R831711C001 (2006) R831711C002 (2006) R831711C003 (2006) R827039 (2002) R827039C001 (2002) |
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Chen J, Kumar M, Chan W, Berkowitz G, Wetmur JG. Increased influence of genetic variation on PON1 activity in neonates. Environmental Health Perspectives 2003;111(11):1403-1409. |
R831711 (2005) R831711 (2006) R831711 (2007) R831711C001 (2006) R831711C002 (2006) R831711C003 (2004) R831711C003 (2006) |
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Chen J, Chan W, Wallenstein S, Berkowitz G, Wetmur JG. Haplotype-phenotype relationships of paraoxonase-1. Cancer Epidemiology Biomarkers & Prevention 2005;14(3):731-734. |
R831711 (2005) R831711 (2006) R831711 (2007) R831711C001 (2006) R831711C002 (2006) R831711C003 (2006) |
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Claudio L, Torres T, Sanjurjo E, Sherman LR, Landrigan PJ. Environmental health sciences education—a tool for achieving environmental equity and protecting children. Environmental Health Perspectives 1998;106(Suppl 3):849-855. |
R831711 (2005) R831711 (2006) R831711 (2007) R831711C001 (2006) R831711C002 (2006) R831711C003 (2006) |
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Claudio L, Tulton L, Doucette J, Landrigan PJ. Socioeconomic factors and asthma hospitalization rates in New York City. Journal of Asthma 1999;36(4):343-350. |
R831711 (2005) R831711 (2006) R831711 (2007) R831711C001 (2006) R831711C002 (2006) R831711C003 (2006) |
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Claudio L, Stingone J. Disparities in use of urgent health care services among asthmatic children. Annals of Allergy Asthma Immunology 2006;97:244-250. |
R831711 (2007) |
not available |
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Claudio L, Stingone JA, Godbold J. Prevalence of childhood asthma in urban communities: the impact of ethnicity and income. Annals of Epidemiology 2006;16(5):332-340. |
R831711 (2005) R831711 (2006) R831711 (2007) R831711C001 (2006) R831711C002 (2006) R831711C003 (2006) |
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Claudio L, Stingone J. Improving sampling and response rates in school-based research through participatory methods. Journal of School Health 2008;78:445-451. |
R831711 (2007) |
not available |
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Cohn BC, Cirillo PM, Wolff MS, Schwingl PJ, et al. In utero DDT and DDE exposure may alter time to pregnancy in daughters 30 years later. Lancet 2003;361(9376):2205-2006. |
R831711 (2005) |
not available |
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Dunson DB, Herring AH, Engel SM. Bayesian selection and clustering of polymorphisms in functionally-related genes. Journal of the American Statistical Association 2007;103(482):534-546. |
R831711 (2007) |
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Edwards ES, Green N, Henry CJ, Landrigan PJ, Swartz D. Tracking children’s health to age 21. Science 2003;302(5646):781 (letter). |
R831711 (2005) R831711 (2006) R831711C001 (2006) R831711C002 (2006) R831711C003 (2006) |
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Engel SM, Olshan AF, Siega-Riz AM, Savitz DA, Chanock SJ. Polymorphisms in folate metabolizing genes and risk for spontaneous preterm and small-for-gestational age birth. American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 2006;195(5):1231.e1-1231.e11. |
R831711 (2005) R831711 (2006) R831711 (2007) R831711C001 (2006) R831711C002 (2006) R831711C003 (2006) |
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Engel SM, Hertz-Picciotto I, Schramm M, Watt-Morse M. Recreational Physical Activity Practices Before and During Pregnancy. Obstetrics and Gynecology 2006. |
R831711 (2005) |
not available |
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Engel SM, Levy B, Liu Z, Kaplan D, Wolff MS. Xenobiotic phenols in early pregnancy amniotic fluid. Reproductive Toxicology 2006;21(1):110-112. |
R831711 (2005) R831711 (2006) R831711 (2007) R831711C001 (2006) R831711C002 (2006) R831711C002 (2007) R831711C003 (2006) |
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Engel S, Berkowitz G, Barr DB, Teitelbaum SL, Siskind J, Meisel SJ, Wetmur JG, Wolff MS. Prenatal exposure to organophosphates and organochlorines and performance on the Brazelton neonatal behavioral assessment scale in a multiethnic pregnancy cohort. American Journal of Epidemiology 2007;165:1397-1404. |
R831711 (2007) |
not available |
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Eskenazi B, Landrigan PJ. Environmental Health Perspectives and children’s environmental health. Environmental Health Perspectives 2002;110(10):A559-A560 (editorial). |
R831711 (2006) R831711C001 (2006) R831711C002 (2006) R831711C003 (2006) |
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Eskenazi B, Landrigan PJ. Environmental Health Perspects and children’s environmental health. Environmental Health Perspectives 2002;110:721-728. |
R831711 (2005) R831711 (2007) |
not available |
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Eskenazi B, Gladstone EA, Berkowitz GS, Drew CH, Faustman EM, Holland NT, Lanphear B, Meisel SJ, Perera FP, Rauh VA, Sweeney A, Whyatt RM, Yolton K. Methodologic and logistic issues in conducting longitudinal birth cohort studies: lessons learned from the Centers for Children’s Environmental Health and Disease Prevention Research. Environmental Health Perspectives 2005;113(10):1419-1429. |
R831711 (2005) R831711 (2006) R831711C001 (2006) R831711C002 (2004) R831711C002 (2006) R831711C003 (2006) R827027 (2002) R829389 (2003) R829389 (2004) R829389 (2005) R829390 (2005) R831709 (2005) R831709C001 (2004) R831710 (2005) R832141 (2005) |
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Eskenazi B, Gladstone EA, Berkowitz GS, Drew CH, Faustman EM, Holland NT, Lanphear B, Meisel SJ, Perera FP, Rauh VA, Sweeney A, Whyatt RM, Yolton K. Methodological issues in conducting longitudinal birth cohort studies: lessons learned from the Centers for Children’s Environmental Health and Disease Prevention Research. Environmental Health Perspectives 2005;113(10):1419-1429. |
R831711 (2007) R829390 (2005) R829390C002 (2005) |
not available |
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Etzel RA, Balk SJ, Reigart JR, Landrigan PJ. Environmental health for practicing pediatricians. Indian Pediatrics 2003;40(9):853-860. |
R831711 (2005) R831711 (2006) R831711 (2007) R831711C001 (2006) R831711C002 (2006) R831711C003 (2006) |
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Etzel RA, Crain EF, Gitterman BA, Oberg C, Scheidt P, Landrigan PJ. Pediatric environmental health competencies for specialists. Ambulatory Pediatrics 2003;3(1):60-63. |
R831711 (2004) R831711 (2005) R831711 (2006) R831711 (2007) R831711C001 (2006) R831711C002 (2006) R831711C003 (2006) |
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Fenske RA, Bradman A, Whyatt RM, Wolff MS, Barr DB. Lessons learned for the assessment of children’s pesticide exposure: critical sampling and analytical issues for future studies. Environmental Health Perspectives 2005;113(10):1455-1462. |
R831711 (2004) R831711 (2005) R831711 (2006) R831711 (2007) R831711C001 (2006) R831711C002 (2006) R831711C003 (2006) R827027 (2002) R828609 (Final) R831709 (2005) R831710 (2004) R831710 (2005) R832141 (2006) |
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Fewtrell LJ, Pruss-Ustun A, Landrigan P, Ayuso-Mateos JL. Estimating the global burden of disease of mild mental retardation and cardiovascular diseases from environmental lead exposure. Environmental Research 2004;94(2):120-133. |
R831711 (2005) R831711 (2006) R831711 (2007) R831711C001 (2006) R831711C002 (2006) R831711C003 (2006) |
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Flores G, Fuentes-Afflick E, Barbot O, Carter-Pokras O, Claudio L, Lara M, McLaurin JA, Pachter L, Ramos-Gomez FJ, Mendoza F, Valdez RB, Villarruel AM, Zambrana RE, Greenberg R, Weitzman M. The health of Latino children:urgent priorities, unanswered questions, and a research agenda. JAMA 2002;288(1):82-90. |
R831711 (2005) R831711 (2006) R831711 (2007) R831711C001 (2006) R831711C002 (2006) R831711C003 (2006) |
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Forman J, Moline J, Cernichiari E, Sayegh S, Torres JC, Landrigan MM, Hudson J, Adel HN, Landrigan PJ. A cluster of pediatric metallic mercury exposure cases treated with meso-2,3-dimercaptosuccinic acid (DMSA). Environmental Health Perspectives 2000;108(6):575-577. |
R831711 (2005) R831711 (2006) R831711 (2007) R831711C001 (2006) R831711C002 (2006) R831711C003 (2006) |
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Galvez MP, Frieden TR, Landrigan PJ. Obesity in the 21st century. Environmental Health Perspectives 2003;111(13):A684-A685 (editorial). |
R831711 (2005) R831711 (2006) R831711 (2007) R831711C001 (2006) R831711C002 (2006) R831711C003 (2006) |
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Galvez MP, Peters R, Graber N, Forman J. Effective risk communication in children’s environmental health: lessons learned from 9/11. Pediatric Clinics of North America 2007;54(1):33-46. |
R831711 (2005) R831711 (2006) R831711 (2007) R831711C001 (2006) R831711C002 (2006) R831711C003 (2006) |
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Galvez MP, Morland K, Raines C, Kobil J, Siskind J, Godbold J, Brenner B, Godbold J. Race and food store availability in an inner city neighborhood. Public Health Nutrition 2008;11(6):624-631. |
R831711 (2005) R831711 (2007) R831711C001 (2007) |
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Galvez M, Vanable L, Forman JA, Landrigan PJ, Akeredolu E, Leighton J, Nagin D. Childhood lead poisoning from commercially manufactured French ceramic dinnerware-New York City, 2003. Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Reports 2004;53(26):584-586. |
R831711 (2005) R831711 (2006) R831711 (2007) R831711C001 (2006) R831711C002 (2006) R831711C003 (2006) |
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Garg A, Landrigan PJ. Children’s environmental health: new gains in science and policy. The Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science 2002;584(1):135-144. |
R831711 (2005) R831711 (2006) R831711C001 (2006) R831711C002 (2006) R831711C003 (2006) |
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Garg A, Landrigan PJ. Children’s environmental health: new gains in science and policy. Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science 2002;584:135-144. |
R831711 (2007) |
not available |
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Goldman L, Falk H, Landrigan PJ, Balk SJ, Reigart JR, Etzel RA. Environmental pediatrics and its impact on government health policy. Pediatrics 2004;113(Suppl 4):1146-1157. |
R831711 (2005) R831711 (2006) R831711 (2007) R831711C001 (2006) R831711C002 (2006) R831711C003 (2006) |
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Gore AC. Environmental toxicant effects on neuroendocrine function. Endocrine 2001;14(2):235-246. |
R831711 (2005) R831711 (2007) R831711C001 (2006) R831711C003 (2006) R827039 (2002) R827039C002 (2002) |
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Gore AC, Wu TJ, Oung T, Lee JB, Woller MJ. A novel mechanism for endocrine-disrupting effects of polychlorinated biphenyls: direct effects on gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) neurones. Journal of Neuroendocrinology 2002;14(10):814-823. |
R831711 (2005) R831711 (2006) R831711 (2007) R831711C001 (2006) R831711C002 (2006) R831711C003 (2006) R827039 (2002) R827039C002 (2002) |
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Gore AC. Organochlorine pesticides directly regulate gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) gene expression and biosynthesis in the GT1-7 hypothalamic cell line. Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology 2002;192(1-2):157-170. |
R831711 (2005) R831711 (2006) R831711 (2007) R831711C001 (2006) R831711C002 (2006) R831711C003 (2006) R827039 (2002) R827039C002 (2002) |
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Grandjean P, Landrigan PJ. Developmental neurotoxicity of industrial chemicals. Lancet 2006;368:2167-78. |
R831711 (2007) |
not available |
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Israel BA, Parker EA, Rowe Z, Salvatore A, Minkler M, Lopez J, Butz A, Mosley A, Coates L, Lambert G, Potito PA, Brenner B, Rivera M, Romero H, Thompson B, Coronado G, Halstead S. Community-based participatory research: lessons learned from the Centers for Children's Environmental Health and Disease Prevention Research. Environmental Health Perspectives 2005;113(10):1463-1471. |
R831711 (2005) R831711 (2006) R831711 (2007) R831711C001 (2006) R831711C002 (2006) R831711C003 (2006) R826710 (Final) R829391 (2004) R829391 (2005) R829391 (2006) R829391C005 (2006) R831709 (2005) R831709C003 (2005) R831709C003 (2006) R831710 (2004) R831710 (2005) |
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Kadlubar FF, Berkowitz GS, Delongchamp RR, Wang C, Green BL, Tang G, Lamba J, Schuetz E, Wolff MS. The CYP3A4*1B variant is related to the onset of puberty, a known risk factor for the development of breast cancer. Cancer Epidemiology Biomarkers and Prevention 2003;12(4):327-331. |
R831711 (2005) |
not available |
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Kriegsfeld LJ, Silver R, Gore AC, Crews D. Vasoactive intestinal polypeptide contacts on gonadotropin-releasing hormone neurones increase following puberty in female rats. Journal of Neuroendocrinology 2002;14(9):685-690. |
R831711 (2005) |
not available |
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Lamb MR, Taylor S, Liu X, Wolff MS, Borrell L, Matte TD, Susser ES, Factor-Litvak P. Prenatal exposure to polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and postnatal growth: a structural analysis. Environmental Health Perspectives 2006;114(5):779-785. |
R831711 (2005) R831711 (2006) R831711 (2007) R831711C001 (2006) R831711C002 (2006) R831711C003 (2006) |
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Lambertini L, Diplas AI, Lee MJ, Sperling R, Chen J, Wetmur J. A sensitive functional assay reveals frequent loss of genomic imprinting in human placenta. Epigenetics 2008;3(5). |
R831711 (2007) |
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Landrigan PJ, Suk WA, Amler RW. Chemical wastes, children's health, and the Superfund Basic Research Program. Environmental Health Perspectives 1999;107(6):423-427. |
R831711 (2005) R831711 (2006) R831711 (2007) R831711C001 (2006) R831711C002 (2006) R831711C003 (2006) |
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Landrigan PJ, Claudio L, Markowitz SB, Berkowitz GS, Brenner BL, Romero H, Wetmur JG, Matte TD, Gore AC, Godbold JH, Wolff MS. Pesticides and inner-city children: exposures, risks, and prevention. Environmental Health Perspectives 1999;107(Suppl 3):431-437. |
R831711 (2005) R831711 (2006) R831711 (2007) R831711C001 (2004) R831711C001 (2006) R831711C002 (2006) R831711C003 (2006) R827039 (2002) R827039C002 (2002) R827039C003 (2000) |
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Landrigan PJ. Risk assessment for children and other sensitive populations. In: Uncertainty in the Risk Assessment of Environmental and Occupational Hazards: An International Workshop. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 1999;895(1):1-9. |
R831711 (2005) R831711 (2006) R831711 (2007) R831711C001 (2006) R831711C002 (2006) R831711C003 (2006) |
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Landrigan PJ. Pediatric lead poisoning: is there a threshold? Public Health Reports 2000;115(6):530-531. |
R831711 (2006) R831711 (2007) R831711C001 (2006) R831711C002 (2006) R831711C003 (2006) |
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Landrigan PJ. Children’s environmental health: lessons from the past and prospects for the future. Pediatric Clinics of North America 2001;48(5):1319-1330. |
R831711 (2006) R831711C001 (2006) R831711C002 (2006) R831711C003 (2006) |
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Landrigan PJ. Children's environmental health. Lessons from the past and prospects for the future. Pediatric Clinics of North America 2001;48(5):1319-1330. |
R831711 (2005) |
not available |
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Landrigan PJ. Children’s environmental health: lessons from the past and prospects for the future. Pediatrics Clinics of North America 2001;48:1319-1330. |
R831711 (2007) |
not available |
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Landrigan PJ. Pesticides and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs): an analysis of the evidence that they impair children’s neurobehavioral development. Molecular Genetics and Metabolism 2001;73(1):11-17. |
R831711 (2005) R831711 (2006) R831711 (2007) R831711C001 (2006) R831711C002 (2006) R831711C003 (2006) |
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Landrigan PJ. Pesticides, PCBs, and the Risk to Children. Contemporary Pediatrics 2001;18(2):110-126. |
R831711 (2005) R831711 (2007) |
not available |
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Landrigan PJ, Sonawane B, Mattison D, McCally M, Garg A. Chemical contaminants in breast milk and their impacts on children’s health: an overview. Environmental Health Perspectives 2002;110(6):A313-A315. |
R831711 (2005) R831711 (2006) R831711 (2007) R831711C001 (2006) R831711C002 (2006) R831711C003 (2006) |
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Landrigan PJ, Garg A. Chronic effects of toxic environmental exposures on children's health. Clinical Toxicology 2002;40(4):449-456. |
R831711 (2005) R831711 (2006) R831711 (2007) R831711C001 (2006) R831711C002 (2006) R831711C003 (2006) |
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Landrigan PJ, Schechter CB, Lipton JM, Fahs MC, Schwartz J. Environmental pollutants and disease in American children: estimates of morbidity, mortality, and costs for lead poisoning, asthma, cancer, and developmental disabilities. Environmental Health Perspectives 2002;110(7):721-728. |
R831711 (2005) R831711 (2006) R831711 (2007) R831711C001 (2006) R831711C002 (2006) R831711C003 (2006) |
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Landrigan PJ. The worldwide problem of lead in petrol. Bulletin of the World Health Organization 2002;80(10):768 (editorial). |
R831711 (2005) R831711 (2006) R831711 (2007) R831711C001 (2006) R831711C002 (2006) R831711C003 (2006) |
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Landrigan PJ, Kimmel CA, Correa A, Eskenazi B. Children’s health and the environment: public health issues and challenges for risk assessment. Environmental Health Perspectives 2003;112:257-265. |
R831711 (2007) |
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Landrigan PJ, Slutsky J. Are Learning Disabilities Linked to Environmental Toxins? Journal of Learning Disabilities 2004;15:7-12. |
R831711 (2005) R831711 (2007) |
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Landrigan PJ. Children as a vulnerable population. International Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health 2004;17(1):175-177. |
R831711 (2005) R831711 (2006) R831711 (2007) R831711C001 (2006) R831711C002 (2006) R831711C003 (2006) |
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Landrigan PJ, Kimmel CA, Correa A, Eskenazi B. Children’s health and the environment: public health issues and challenges for risk assessment. Environmental Health Perspectives 2004;112(2):257-265. |
R831711 (2005) R831711C001 (2006) R831711C003 (2006) R831710 (2004) R831710 (2005) R831710C001 (2004) |
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Landrigan PJ, Kimmel CA, Correa A, Eskenazi B. Children's health and the environment: public health issues and challenges for risk assessment. Environmental Health Perspectives 2004;112(2):257-265. |
R831711 (2005) |
not available |
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Landrigan PJ. Environmental factors and pediatric disease: new developments in research and education. Journal of San Francisco Medical Society 2004;77(4):18-19, 26. |
R831711 (2005) R831711 (2007) |
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Landrigan PJ, Newman B. Children and other high-risk workers as a special challenge to occupational health services. Scandinavian Journal of Work, Environment & Health 2005;(1):43-45. |
R831711 (2005) R831711 (2006) R831711 (2007) R831711C001 (2006) R831711C002 (2006) R831711C003 (2006) |
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Landrigan PJ, Tamburlini G. Children’s health and the environment: a transatlantic dialogue. Environmental Health Perspectives 2005;113(10):A646-A647 (editorial). |
R831711 (2006) R831711C001 (2006) R831711C002 (2006) R831711C003 (2006) |
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Landrigan PJ, Tamburlini G. Children's health and the environment: a transatlantic dialogue. Environmental Health Perspectives 2005;113(10):A646-A647. |
R831711 (2005) |
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Landrigan PJ, Tamburlini G. Children’s health and the environment: a transatlantic dialogue. Environmental Health Perspectives 2005;113:A646-A647. |
R831711 (2007) |
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Landrigan PJ, Sonawane B, Butler RN, Trasande L, Callan R, Droller D. Early environmental origins of neurodegenerative disease in later life. Environmental Health Perspectives 2005;113:1230-1233. |
R831711 (2007) |
not available |
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Landrigan PJ, Sonawane B, Butler RN, Trasande L, Callan R, Droller D. Early environmental origins of neurodegenerative disease in later life. Environmental Health Perspectives 2005;113(9):1230-1233. |
R831711 (2005) R831711 (2006) R831711C001 (2006) R831711C002 (2006) R831711C003 (2006) |
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Landrigan PJ. Environmental exposures and children’s health challenges. Zero to Three 2005;26:8-10. |
R831711 (2005) R831711 (2007) |
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Landrigan PJ.Environmental threats to children’s health – the promise of the National Children’s Study. New England College of Occupational and Environmental Medicine (NECOEM Reporter) 2005;2:1-2. |
R831711 (2005) R831711 (2007) |
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Landrigan PJ, Trasande L. More kids chronically ill. Poughkeepsie Journal 2005. |
R831711 (2005) R831711 (2007) |
not available |
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Landrigan PJ. Environmental pediatrics and the ecological imperative. EcoHealth 2006;3(2):75-76. |
R831711 (2005) R831711 (2007) R831711C001 (2006) R831711C003 (2006) |
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Landrigan PJ, Trasande L, Thorpe LE, Gwynn C, Lioy PJ, D’Alton ME, Lipkind HS, Swanson J, Wadhwa PD, Clark EB, Rauh VA, Perera FP, Susser E. The National Children’s Study: a 21-year prospective study of 100,000 American children. Pediatrics 2006;118(5):2173-2186. |
R831711 (2005) R831711 (2006) R831711 (2007) R831711C001 (2006) R831711C002 (2006) R831711C003 (2006) |
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Landrigan PJ, Woolf AD, Gitterman B, Lanphear B, Forman J, Karr C, Moshier EL, Godbold J, Crain E. The Ambulatory Pediatric Association Fellowship in Pediatric Environmental Health: a five-year assessment. Environmental Health Perspectives 2007;115(110):1383-1387. |
R831711 (2007) |
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Landrigan PJ, Trasande L, Swanson JM. Genetics, altruism and the National Children’s Study. American Journal of Medical Genetics Part A 2008;146A:294-296. |
R831711 (2007) |
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Landrigan PJ, Forman J, Galvez M, Newman B, Engel SM, Chemtob C. Impact of September 11 World Trade Center disaster on children and pregnant women. Mount Sinai Journal of Medicine 2008;75:129-134. |
R831711 (2007) |
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Landrigan PJ, Trasande L: More kids chronically ill. Poughkeepsie Journal, January 2, 2005. |
R831711 (2007) |
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Landrigan P, Garg A, Droller DBJ. Assessing the effects of endocrine disruptors in the National Children’s Study. Environmental Health Perspectives 2003;111(13):1678-1682. |
R831711 (2005) R831711 (2006) R831711 (2007) R831711C001 (2006) R831711C002 (2006) R831711C003 (2006) |
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Landrigan, PJ. Children’s health and the environment. European Journal of Oncology 1999;4:661-664. |
R831711 (2005) R831711 (2006) R831711 (2007) R831711C002 (2006) |
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Liu Z, Wolff MS, Moline J. Analysis of environmental biomarkers in urine using an electrochemical detector. Journal of Chromatography B: Analytical Technologies in the Biomedical and Life Sciences 2005;819:155-159. |
R831711 (2005) R831711 (2007) |
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Longnecker MP, Wolff MS, Gladen BC, Brock JW, Granjean P, Jacobson JL, Korrick SA, Rogan WJ, Weisglas-Kuperus N, Herz-Picciotto I, Ayotte P, Stewart P, Winneke G, Charles MJ, Jacobson SW, Dewailly E, Boersma ER, Altshul LM, Heinzow B, Pagano JJ, Jensen AA. Comparison of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) levels across studies of human neurodevelopment. Environmental Health Perspectives 2003;111(1):65-70. |
R831711 (2004) R831711 (2005) R831711 (2006) R831711 (2007) R831711C001 (2006) R831711C002 (2006) R831711C003 (2006) |
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Magdo HS, Forman J, Graber N, Newman B, Klein K, Satlin L, Amler RW, Winston JA, Landrigan PJ. Grand rounds: nephrotoxicity in a young child exposed to uranium from contaminated well water. Environmental Health Perspectives 2007;115(8):1237-1241. |
R831711 (2007) |
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Needleman HL, Landrigan PJ. What level of lead in blood is toxic for a child? American Journal of Public Health 2004;94(1):8 (letter). |
R831711 (2005) R831711 (2006) R831711C001 (2006) R831711C002 (2006) R831711C003 (2006) |
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Pirisi A. Profile: Philip Landrigan: Children’s Health Crusader. Lancet 2005;365:1281-1360. |
R831711 (2007) |
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Salama J, Chakraborty TR, Ng L, Gore AC. Effects of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) on estrogen receptor-β expression in the anteroventral periventricular nucleus. Environmental Health Perspectives 2003;110(10):1278-1282. |
R831711 (2005) R831711 (2006) R831711 (2007) R831711C001 (2006) R831711C002 (2006) R831711C003 (2006) |
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Sarcinelli PN, Pereira AC, Mesquita SA, Oliveira-Silva JJ, et al. Dietary and reproductive determinants of plasma organochlorine levels in pregnant women in Rio de Janeiro. Environmental Research 2003;91(3):143-150. |
R831711 (2005) |
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Savitz DA, Ananth CV, Berkowitz GS, Lapinski R. Concordance among measures of pregnancy outcome based on fetal size and duration of gestation. American Journal of Epidemiology 2000;151(6):627-633. |
R831711 (2005) R831711 (2006) R831711 (2007) R831711C001 (2006) R831711C002 (2006) R831711C003 (2006) |
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Stingone JA, Claudio L. Asthma and enrollment in special education among urban schoolchildren. American Journal of Public Health 2006;96(9):1593-1598. (Awarded Best Paper at American Public Health Association Conference, Philadelphia, PA, December 10-14, 2005.) |
R831711 (2007) |
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Stingone JA, Claudio L. Disparities in the use of urgent health care services among asthmatic children. Annals of Allergy Asthma & Immunology 2006;97(2):244-250. |
R831711 (2005) R831711 (2007) |
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Stingone J. Association between asthma and Special Education in a Large, Urban School System. American Journal of Public Health 2006;96:1593-1598. |
R831711 (2007) |
not available |
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Stingone J, Claudio L. Disparities in allergy testing and health outcomes among urban children with asthma. Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology 2008;122(4):748-753. |
R831711 (2007) |
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Suk WA, Ruchirawat KM, Balakrishnan K, Berger M, Carpenter D, Damstra T, deGarbino JP, Koh D, Landrigan PJ, Makalinao I, Sly PD, Xu Y, Zheng BS. Environmental threats to children’s health in Southeast Asia and the western Pacific. Environmental Health Perspectives 2003;111(10):1340-1347. |
R831711 (2005) R831711 (2006) R831711 (2007) R831711C001 (2006) R831711C002 (2006) R831711C003 (2006) |
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Susser EB, Brown A, Matte TD. Prenatal factors and adult mental and physical health. Canadian Journal of Psychiatry 1999;44(4):326-334. |
R831711 (2005) R831711 (2006) R831711 (2007) R831711C001 (2006) R831711C002 (2006) R831711C003 (2006) |
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Susser E, Matte TD. Early antecedents of adult health. Journal of Urban Health 1998;75(2):236-241. |
R831711 (2005) R831711 (2006) R831711 (2007) R831711C001 (2006) R831711C002 (2006) R831711C003 (2006) |
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Susser E, Terry MB, Matte T. The birth cohorts grow up: new opportunities for epidemiology. Paediatric and Perinatal Epidemiology 2000;14(2):98-100. |
R831711 (2005) R831711 (2006) R831711 (2007) R831711C001 (2006) R831711C002 (2006) R831711C003 (2006) |
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Teitelbaum SL, Britton JA, Calafat AM, Ye X, Silva MJ, Reidy JA, Galvez MP, Brenner BL, Wolff MS. Temporal variability in urinary concentrations of phthalate metabolites, phytoestrogens and phenols among minority children in the United States. Environmental Research 2008;106(2):257-269. |
R831711 (2007) R831711C001 (2007) |
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Torres-Arreola L, Berkowitz G, Torres-Sánchez L, López-Cervantes M, Cebrian ME, Uribe M, López-Carrillo L. Preterm birth in relation to maternal organochlorine serum levels. Annals of Epidemiology 2003;13(3):158-162. |
R831711 (2005) |
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Trasande L, Landrigan PJ. The National Children’s Study: a critical national investment. Environmental Health Perspectives 2004;112(14):A789-A790 (editorial). |
R831711 (2005) R831711 (2006) R831711 (2007) R831711C001 (2006) R831711C002 (2006) R831711C003 (2006) |
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Trasande L, Schechter C, Landrigan PJ. Public health and economic consequences of environmental methylmercury toxicity to the developing brain. Environmental Health Perspectives 2005;113(5):590-596. |
R831711 (2005) R831711 (2007) |
not available |
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Trasande L, Schechter CB, Haynes KA, Landrigan PJ. Mental retardation and prenatal methylmercury toxicity. American Journal of Industrial Medicine 2006;49:153-158. |
R831711 (2005) R831711 (2007) |
not available |
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Trasande L, Schapiro ML, Falk R, Haynes KA, Behrmann A, Vohmann M, Stremski ES, Eisenberg C, Evenstad C, Anderson HA, Landrigan PJ. Pediatrician attitudes, clinical activities, and knowledge of environmental health in Wisconsin. Wisconsin Medical Journal 2006;105(2):45-49. |
R831711 (2005) R831711 (2006) R831711 (2007) R831711C001 (2006) R831711C002 (2006) R831711C003 (2006) |
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Trasande L, Cronk CE, Leuthner SR, Hewitt JB, Durkin MS, McElroy JA, Anderson HA, Landrigan PJ. The National Children’s Study and the children of Wisconsin. Wisconsin Medical Journal 2006;105(2):50-54. |
R831711 (2005) R831711 (2006) R831711 (2007) R831711C001 (2006) R831711C002 (2006) R831711C003 (2006) |
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Trasande L, Boscarino J, Graber N, Falk R, Schechter C, Galvez M, Dunkel G, Geslani J, Moline J, Kaplan-Liss E, Miller RK, Korfmacher K, Carpenter D, Forman J, Balk SJ, Laraque D, Frumkin H, Landrigan P. The environment in pediatric practice: a study of New York pediatricians' attitudes, beliefs, and practices towards children's environmental health. Journal of Urban Health 2006;83(4):760-772. |
R831711 (2005) R831711 (2006) R831711 (2007) R831711C001 (2006) R831711C002 (2006) R831711C003 (2006) |
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Trasande L, Landrigan PJ, Schechter CB, Bopp RF. Methylmercury and the developing brain. Environmental Health Perspectives 2007;115(8):A396-A397. |
R831711 (2007) |
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Wallenstein S, Chen J, Wetmur JG. Comparison of statistical models for analyzing genotype, inferred haplotype, and molecular haplotype data. Molecular Genetics and Metabolism 2006;89(3):270-273. |
R831711 (2005) R831711 (2006) R831711 (2007) R831711C001 (2006) R831711C002 (2006) R831711C003 (2006) |
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Weiss B, Landrigan PJ. The developing brain and the environment: an introduction. Environmental Health Perspectives 2000;108(Suppl 3):373-374. |
R831711 (2005) R831711 (2006) R831711 (2007) R831711C001 (2006) R831711C002 (2006) R831711C003 (2006) |
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Wetmur JG, Kumar M, Zhang L, Palomeque C, Wallenstein S, Chen J. Molecular haplotyping by linking emulsion PCR: analysis of paraoxonase 1 haplotypes and phenotypes. Nucleic Acids Research 2005;33(8):2615-2619. |
R831711 (2005) R831711 (2006) R831711 (2007) R831711C001 (2006) R831711C002 (2006) R831711C003 (2006) |
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Wolff MS, Anderson HA. Body mass and serum levels of organochlorines. Cancer Epidemiology Biomarkers & Prevention 1999;8:951-952. |
R831711 (2005) |
not available |
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Wolff MS, Anderson HA. Correspondence re: J.M. Schildkraut et al., Environmental contaminants and body fat distribution. Cancer Epidemiol. Biomark. Prev. 8: 179-183, 1999. Cancer Epidemiology Biomarkers & Prevention 1999;8(10):951-952 (letter). |
R831711 (2006) R831711C001 (2006) R831711C002 (2006) R831711C003 (2006) |
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Wolff MS. Half-life of organochlorines (OCs) in humans. Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology 1999;36:504 (letter). |
R831711 (2005) R831711 (2006) R831711C001 (2006) R831711C002 (2006) R831711C003 (2006) |
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Wolff MS, Landrigan PJ. Organochlorine chemicals and children’s health. The Journal of Pediatrics 2002;140(1):10-13. |
R831711 (2005) R831711 (2006) R831711 (2007) R831711C001 (2006) R831711C002 (2006) R831711C003 (2006) |
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Wolff MS, Britton JA, Wilson VP. Environmental risk factors for breast cancer among African-American women. Cancer 2003;97(1 Suppl):289-310. |
R831711 (2005) |
not available |
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Wolff MS, Teitelbaum SL, Lioy PJ, Santella RM, Wang RY, Jones RL, Caldwell KL, Sjodin A, Turner WE, Li W, Georgopoulos P, Berkowitz GS. Exposures among pregnant women near the World Trade Center site on 11 September 2001. Environmental Health Perspectives 2005;113(6):739-748. |
R831711 (2005) R830827 (2004) R830827 (Final) |
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Wolff MS, Deych E, Ojo F, Berkowitz GS. Predictors of organochlorines in New York City pregnant women, 1998-2001. Environmental Research 2005;97(2):170-177. |
R831711 (2004) R831711 (2005) R831711 (2006) R831711 (2007) R831711C001 (2006) R831711C002 (2004) R831711C002 (2006) R831711C003 (2006) |
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Wolff MS, Britton JA, Russo J. TCDD and puberty in girls. Environmental Health Perspectives 2005;113(1):A17;author reply A18. |
R831711 (2005) R831711 (2006) R831711C001 (2006) R831711C002 (2006) R831711C003 (2006) |
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Wolff MS. Endocrine disruptors: challenges for environmental research in the 21st century. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 2006;1076:228-238. |
R831711 (2006) R831711 (2007) R831711C001 (2006) R831711C002 (2006) R831711C003 (2006) |
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Wolff MS, Teitelbaum SL, Windham G, Pinney SM, Britton JA, Chelimo C, Godbold J, Biro F, Kushi LH, Pfeiffer CM, Calafat AM. Pilot study of urinary biomarkers of phytoestrogens, phthalates, and phenols in girls. Environmental Health Perspectives 2007;115(1):116-121. |
R831711 (2005) R831711 (2006) R831711 (2007) R831711C001 (2006) R831711C002 (2006) R831711C003 (2006) |
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Wolff MS, Engel S, Berkowitz G, Teitelbaum S, Siskind J, Barr DB, Wetmur J. Prenatal pesticide and PCB exposures and birth outcomes. Pediatric Research 2007;61(2):243-250. |
R831711 (2005) R831711 (2006) R831711 (2007) R831711C001 (2006) R831711C002 (2006) R831711C002 (2007) R831711C003 (2006) R831711C003 (2007) |
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Wolff MS, Britton JA, Boguski L, Hochman S, Maloney N, Serra N, Liu Z, Berkowitz G, Larson S, Forman J. Environmental exposures and puberty in inner-city girls. Environmental Research 2008;107:393-400. |
R831711 (2007) |
not available |
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Wolff MS, Engel SM, Berkowitz G, Zhu C, Wetmur J, Calafat AI. Prenatal phenol and phthalate exposures and birth outcomes. Environmental Health Perspectives 2008;116:1092–1097. |
R831711 (2007) |
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POLLUTANTS/TOXICS, ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT, Scientific Discipline, Health, RFA, Endocrine Disruptors - Environmental Exposure & Risk, Risk Assessment, Health Risk Assessment, endocrine disruptors, Chemicals, Children's Health, Biochemistry, Environmental Chemistry, Endocrine Disruptors - Human Health, neurodevelopmental toxicity, endocrine disrupting chemicals, children's environmental health, childhood development, exposure pathways, pesticide exposure, environmental health, phthalates, phtalates, pesticides, children's vulnerablity, exposure studies
Progress and Final Reports:
2004 Progress Report
2005 Progress Report
2006 Progress Report
Original Abstract
Subprojects under this Center:
(EPA does not fund or establish subprojects; EPA awards and manages the overall grant for this center).
R831711C001 Growing Up Healthy in East Harlem (Community-Based Participatory Research)
R831711C002 Pesticides, Endocrine Disruptors, Childhood Growth and Development (Birth Cohort)
R831711C003 Genetics of Phthalate and Bisphenol A Risk in Minority Populations (Individual Susceptibility)