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2000 Progress Report: Examining Conditions That Predispose Towards Acute Adverse Effects of Particulate Exposures
EPA Grant Number: R827353C004Subproject: this is subproject number 004 , established and managed by the Center Director under grant R827353
(EPA does not fund or establish subprojects; EPA awards and manages the overall grant for this center).
Center: EPA Harvard Center for Ambient Particle Health Effects
Center Director: Koutrakis, Petros
Title: Examining Conditions That Predispose Towards Acute Adverse Effects of Particulate Exposures
Investigators: Schwartz, Joel
Current Investigators: Schwartz, Joel , O’Neill, M. , Wellenius, Gregory , Zanobetti, Antonella
Institution: Harvard University
EPA Project Officer: Stacey Katz/Gail Robarge,
Project Period: June 1, 1999 through May 31, 2005 (Extended to May 31, 2006)
Project Period Covered by this Report: June 1, 2000 through May 31, 2001
Project Amount: Refer to main center abstract for funding details.
RFA: Airborne Particulate Matter (PM) Centers (1999)
Research Category: Particulate Matter
Description:
Objective:This project is one of four projects under Theme II: Identifying Populations Susceptible to the Health Effects of Particulate Air Pollution of our proposal. This project will test the hypothesis that patients with pre-existing respiratory, cardiovascular, or diabetic conditions have an enhanced mortality response to particle exposures. In addition, it will separately assess the effects of gaseous co-pollutants as alternative predictors of mortality and the degree to which they modify response to particulate matter (PM). Progress Summary:
As part of this project we have reported that socioeconomic factors were not modifiers of the risk of PM associated mortality (Zanobetti and Schwartz, 2000) although there was some increased risk in females. The same pattern held true for hospital admissions for heart and lung disease (Zanobetti, Schwartz, and Dockery, 2000). In contrast we found (Zanobetti, Schwartz, and Gold, 2000) that respiratory illness modified the risk of cardiovascular hospital admissions associated with PM, and that heart failure modified the risk of PM-associated chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) admissions. More recently, we have examined the association of diabetes as an effect modifier for cardiovascular admissions (Zanobetti and Schwartz, in review).
Mixed models represent an important tool for determining whether persons with certain characteristics are more susceptible to the effects of airborne particles. However, classic mixed regression programs are linear models, whereas we know that season and weather effects on health are often nonlinear. These have often been addressed using nonparametric smoothing. To further our ability to assess sensitivity while maintaining good covariate control, we have developed an additive mixed model, which combines the attributes of both approaches (Coull, et al., 2000).
Future Activities:We will continue to examine the association of diabetes as an effect modifier for cardiovascular admissions, and we will present the results of these analyses at the ISEE meeting this fall. We intend to proceed to the next step, which will involve mortality follow-ups of subjects whose potentially predisposing conditions were identified using hospital admissions data. These analyses will use the case-crossover approach. The recently completed methodological paper (Bateson and Schwartz, in review) examining the potentials for bias and confounding in that approach, and identifying methods for dealing with those problems will form the basis for our analyses next year.
Journal Articles on this Report: 4 Displayed | Download in RIS Format
| Other subproject views: | All 34 publications | 34 publications in selected types | All 33 journal articles |
| Other center views: | All 149 publications | 149 publications in selected types | All 148 journal articles |
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Coull BA, Schwartz J, Wand MP. Respiratory health and air pollution: additive mixed model analyses. Biostatistics 2001;2(3):337-349. |
R827353 (Final) R827353C004 (2000) R827353C004 (2001) R827353C004 (Final) |
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Zanobetti A, Schwartz J, Dockery D. Airborne particles are a risk factor for hospital admissions for heart and lung disease. Environmental Health Perspectives 2000;108(11):1071-1077. |
R827353 (Final) R827353C004 (2000) R827353C004 (Final) |
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Zanobetti A, Schwartz J, Gold D. Are there sensitive subgroups for the health effects of airborne particles? Environmental Health Perspectives 2000;108(9):841-845. |
R827353 (Final) R827353C004 (2000) R827353C004 (Final) |
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Zanobetti A, Wand MP, Schwartz J, Ryan LM. Generalized additive distributed lag models: quantifying mortality displacement. Biostatistics 2000;1(3):279-292. |
R827353 (Final) R827353C004 (2000) R827353C004 (2002) R827353C004 (2003) R827353C004 (Final) |
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particulate matter, PM2.5, PM10, air pollutants, particulates, health effects, exposure, ambient particles, susceptibility, metals, public policy, biology, engineering, epidemiology, toxicology, environmental chemistry, monitoring. , Air, Geographic Area, Scientific Discipline, Health, RFA, Susceptibility/Sensitive Population/Genetic Susceptibility, Molecular Biology/Genetics, Toxicology, Biology, Risk Assessments, genetic susceptability, Microbiology, Epidemiology, air toxics, Children's Health, Atmospheric Sciences, Environmental Engineering, Environmental Microbiology, particulate matter, Environmental Chemistry, Environmental Monitoring, State, tropospheric ozone, ambient measurement methods, cardiopulmonary, risk assessment, exposure and effects, ambient air quality, cardiovascular disease, elderly, health effects, indoor air, indoor air quality, inhalation, developmental effects, epidemelogy, lung cancer, respiratory disease, inhalation toxicology, air quality, ambient air, cardiopulmonary response, indoor exposure, molecular epidemiology, assessment of exposure, cardiopulmonary responses, human health risk, interindividual variability, monitoring, susceptibility, genetic susceptibility, particle exposure, epidemeology, air pollutants, human health effects, particulates, respiratory, sensitive populations, biological response, ambient particle health effects, air pollution, ambient monitoring, children, inhaled, lung, stratospheric ozone, Utah (UT), Connecticut (CT), ambient air monitoring, chemical exposure, dosimetry, exposure, inhaled particles, pulmonary, human health, Illinois (IL), atmospheric monitoring, human susceptibility, environmental health hazard, biological mechanism , health risks, human exposure, Human Health Risk Assessment, pulmonary disease, Massachusetts (MA)
Relevant Websites:
http://www.hsph.harvard.edu/epacenter/homeframe.htm
Progress and Final Reports:
1999 Progress Report
Original Abstract
2001 Progress Report
2002 Progress Report
2003 Progress Report
2004 Progress Report
Final Report
Main Center Abstract and Reports:
R827353 EPA Harvard Center for Ambient Particle Health Effects
Subprojects under this Center:
(EPA does not fund or establish subprojects; EPA awards and manages the overall grant for this center).
R827353C001 Assessing Human Exposures to Particulate and Gaseous Air Pollutants
R827353C002 Quantifying Exposure Error and its Effect on Epidemiological
Studies
R827353C003 St. Louis Bus, Steubenville and Atlanta Studies
R827353C004 Examining Conditions That Predispose Towards
Acute Adverse Effects of Particulate Exposures
R827353C005 Assessing Life-Shortening Associated with Exposure to
Particulate Matter
R827353C006 Investigating Chronic Effects of Exposure to Particulate
Matter
R827353C007 Determining the Effects of Particle Characteristics on Respiratory Health of Children
R827353C008 Differentiating the Roles of Particle Size, Particle Composition,
and Gaseous Co-Pollutants on Cardiac Ischemia
R827353C009 Assessing Deposition of Ambient Particles in the Lung
R827353C010 Relating Changes in Blood Viscosity, Other Clotting Parameters,
Heart Rate, and Heart Rate Variability to Particulate and Criteria Gas Exposures
R827353C011 Studies of Oxidant Mechanisms
R827353C012 Modeling Relationships Between Mobile Source Particle Emissions and Population Exposures
R827353C013 Toxicological Evaluation of Realistic Emissions of Source Aerosols (TERESA) Study
R827353C014 Identifying the Physical and Chemical Properties of Particulate Matter Responsible for the Observed Adverse Health Effects
R827353C015 Research Coordination Core
R827353C016 Analytical and Facilities Core
R827353C017 Technology Development and Transfer Core