NC BL 10/00/1999 Table: Detroit-Ann Arbor-Flint, MI, Bulletin 3095-78, July 1998 Table 1-1. Summary: Mean hourly earnings(1) and weekly hours by selected characteristics, private industry and State and local government, National Compensation Survey, Detroit-Ann Arbor-Flint, MI, July 1998 Total Private industry State and local government Hourly earnings Hourly earnings Hourly earnings Worker and establishment characteristics Mean Mean Mean weekly weekly weekly Relative hours(- Relative hours(- Relative hours(- Mean error(2) 3) Mean error(2) 3) Mean error(2) 3) (percen- (percen- (percen- t) t) t) Total................................................................. $18.59 1.9 36.5 $18.05 2.1 36.8 $21.41 3.4 35.1 Worker characteristics:(4) White-collar occupations(5)......................................... 22.27 2.3 36.8 21.58 2.7 37.3 25.05 4.2 35.0 Professional specialty and technical.............................. 26.97 2.3 35.9 25.68 2.5 36.8 30.27 5.0 33.7 Executive, administrative, and managerial......................... 30.15 4.2 40.3 30.59 4.7 40.6 27.04 5.4 38.4 Sales............................................................. 15.34 7.2 33.3 15.35 7.2 33.4 - - - Administrative support............................................ 13.15 2.4 37.9 13.14 2.9 38.1 13.18 2.5 37.1 Blue-collar occupations(5).......................................... 16.59 2.0 38.1 16.64 2.2 38.2 15.73 4.6 37.0 Precision production, craft, and repair........................... 20.53 1.8 40.1 20.65 1.9 40.1 19.01 4.4 39.9 Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors....................................................... 15.55 3.2 39.8 15.55 3.2 39.8 - - - Transportation and material moving................................ 15.74 4.6 34.6 16.28 5.2 34.9 13.23 3.3 33.1 Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers..................................................... 10.62 3.8 32.5 10.42 4.1 32.0 12.95 6.8 39.2 Service occupations(5).............................................. 9.99 3.4 32.3 8.31 2.9 31.6 14.51 3.3 34.3 Full time........................................................... 19.50 1.9 39.8 18.98 2.2 40.1 22.15 3.5 38.1 Part time........................................................... 10.13 5.0 20.8 9.81 5.6 21.3 12.35 8.3 17.8 Union............................................................... 19.21 2.2 37.5 18.01 2.5 38.3 21.97 3.8 35.8 Nonunion............................................................ 18.22 2.7 36.0 18.07 2.9 36.2 20.04 8.5 33.4 Time................................................................ 18.67 1.9 36.5 18.12 2.2 36.8 21.41 3.4 35.1 Incentive........................................................... 16.69 7.0 37.0 16.69 7.0 37.0 - - - Establishment characteristics: Goods producing..................................................... (6) (6) (6) 21.74 2.9 39.9 (6) (6) (6) Service producing................................................... (6) (6) (6) - - - (6) (6) (6) 50-99 workers....................................................... 14.70 6.6 35.1 14.70 6.6 35.1 - - - 100-499 workers..................................................... 16.35 4.1 36.8 16.01 4.4 37.0 20.67 6.8 35.1 500 workers or more................................................. 20.88 2.2 36.7 20.66 2.5 37.3 21.55 3.9 35.1 1 Earnings are the straight-time hourly wages or salaries paid to employees. They include incentive pay, cost-of-living adjustments, and hazard pay. Excluded are premium pay for overtime, vacations, and holidays; nonproduction bonuses; and tips. The mean is computed by totaling the pay of all workers and dividing by the number of workers, weighted by hours. 2 The relative standard error (RSE) is the standard error expressed as a percent of the estimate. It can be used to calculate a "confidence interval" around a sample estimate. For more information about RSEs, see appendix A. 3 Mean weekly hours are the hours an employee is scheduled to work in a week, exclusive of overtime. 4 Employees are classified as working either a full-time or a part-time schedule based on the definition used by each establishment. Union workers are those whose wages are determined through collective bargaining. Wages of time workers are based solely on hourly rate or salary; incentive workers are those whose wages are at least partially based on productivity payments such as piece rates, commissions, and production bonuses. 5 A classification system including about 480 individual occupations is used to cover all workers in the civilian economy. See appendix B for more information. 6 Classification of establishments into goods-producing and service-producing industries applies to private industry only. NOTE: Dashes indicate that no data were reported or that data did not meet publication criteria. Table 2-1. Mean hourly earnings(1), all workers:(2) Selected occupations, private industry and State and local government, National Compensation Survey, Detroit-Ann Arbor-Flint, MI, July 1998 Total Private industry State and local government Occupation(3) Relative Relative Relative Mean error(4) Mean error(4) Mean error(4) (percent) (percent) (percent) All................................................................... $18.59 1.9 $18.05 2.1 $21.41 3.4 All excluding sales............................................... 18.79 1.9 18.26 2.2 21.41 3.4 White collar........................................................ 22.27 2.3 21.58 2.7 25.05 4.2 White collar excluding sales.................................... 23.16 2.3 22.61 2.7 25.06 4.2 Professional specialty and technical.............................. 26.97 2.3 25.68 2.5 30.27 5.0 Professional specialty.......................................... 29.31 2.4 27.91 2.7 32.21 4.8 Engineers, architects, and surveyors.......................... 30.65 3.6 30.65 3.6 ± ± Industrial engineers........................................ 28.05 1.9 28.05 1.9 - - Mechanical engineers........................................ 31.20 11.9 31.20 11.9 - - Engineers, n.e.c............................................ 31.42 2.7 31.42 2.7 - - Mathematical and computer scientists.......................... 28.02 5.0 28.03 5.0 ± ± Computer systems analysts and scientists.................... 28.05 6.4 28.06 6.4 - - Operations and systems researchers and analysts............. 28.16 7.2 28.16 7.2 - - Natural scientists............................................ 20.77 18.8 29.25 11.2 ± ± Health related................................................ 22.99 2.8 22.85 2.9 24.32 8.9 Physicians.................................................. 31.02 18.2 31.28 20.9 - - Registered nurses........................................... 22.02 1.9 22.00 2.0 22.24 4.1 Dietitians.................................................. 15.79 8.9 - - - - Physical therapists......................................... 24.01 7.9 - - - - Teachers, college and university.............................. 38.01 13.9 37.26 6.8 38.11 15.8 Engineering teachers........................................ 61.84 7.3 - - - - Health specialities teachers................................ 32.86 10.0 - - - - Teachers, post secondary, n.e.c............................. 46.59 14.5 46.59 14.5 - - Teachers, post secondary, subject not specified............. 29.40 18.3 - - 28.92 20.3 Teachers, except college and university....................... 35.53 4.5 19.37 7.5 36.06 4.6 Prekindergarten and kindergarten............................ 33.77 10.2 - - 34.35 10.2 Elementary school teachers.................................. 36.16 4.7 - - 36.43 4.7 Secondary school teachers................................... 38.58 5.1 20.95 9.8 39.94 4.9 Teachers, special education................................. 40.98 2.9 - - 40.98 2.9 Teachers, n.e.c............................................. 33.84 22.6 - - 34.12 22.4 Vocational and educational counselors....................... 23.96 28.5 14.48 10.4 - - Librarians, archivists, and curators.......................... 29.04 22.2 ± ± 29.59 21.9 Librarians.................................................. 29.04 22.2 - - 29.59 21.9 Social scientists and urban planners.......................... 18.45 21.9 ± ± ± ± Social, recreation, and religious workers..................... 22.56 13.9 15.01 10.9 24.08 14.7 Social workers.............................................. 22.75 13.9 - - 24.33 14.7 Lawyers and judges............................................ 48.27 17.3 ± ± ± ± Lawyers..................................................... 48.27 17.3 - - - - Writers, authors, entertainers, athletes, and professionals, n.e.c...................................................... 31.64 6.6 31.33 7.6 ± ± Technical....................................................... 19.34 3.3 20.03 3.1 14.96 10.3 Clinical laboratory technologists and technicians........... 15.39 15.8 19.04 3.2 - - Health record technologists and technicians................. 14.66 12.5 - - - - Radiologic technicians...................................... 17.37 6.7 17.33 6.9 - - Licensed practical nurses................................... $14.98 1.6 $15.00 1.7 $14.81 5.0 Health technologists and technicians, n.e.c................. 13.18 4.1 13.02 4.1 - - Electrical and electronic technicians....................... 21.22 4.5 21.22 4.5 - - Mechanical engineering technicians.......................... 21.86 6.9 21.86 6.9 - - Engineering technicians, n.e.c.............................. 24.04 5.2 24.07 5.3 - - Drafters.................................................... 22.87 12.5 22.87 12.5 - - Chemical technicians........................................ 19.51 3.9 19.51 3.9 - - Computer programmers........................................ 28.25 1.7 28.25 1.7 - - Technical and related, n.e.c................................ 19.48 7.3 21.88 7.2 17.34 10.5 Executive, administrative, and managerial......................... 30.15 4.2 30.59 4.7 27.04 5.4 Executives, administrators, and managers...................... 34.08 6.0 34.24 6.6 32.59 6.4 Administrators and officials, public administration......... 29.98 6.0 - - 29.98 6.0 Financial managers.......................................... 36.06 13.8 36.57 14.0 - - Managers, marketing, advertising, and public relations...... 41.86 7.4 41.86 7.4 - - Administrators, education and related fields................ 40.83 12.4 20.12 10.2 - - Managers, medicine and health............................... 28.66 13.0 29.04 14.5 - - Managers, food servicing and lodging establishments......... 14.05 13.7 14.05 13.7 - - Managers and administrators, n.e.c.......................... 37.45 7.6 37.58 7.6 - - Management related............................................ 24.66 3.0 25.13 3.5 22.19 3.2 Accountants and auditors.................................... 22.10 4.9 22.09 5.0 - - Other financial officers.................................... 30.19 15.2 32.47 15.6 - - Management analysts......................................... 21.93 13.0 21.43 13.6 - - Personnel, training, and labor relations specialists........ 23.89 9.5 24.22 11.3 - - Purchasing agents and buyers, n.e.c......................... 27.22 9.2 27.34 9.3 - - Construction inspectors..................................... 21.39 2.6 - - 21.39 2.6 Management related, n.e.c................................... 24.63 6.1 24.85 7.0 - - Sales............................................................. 15.34 7.2 15.35 7.2 ± ± Supervisors, sales.......................................... 19.15 13.9 19.15 13.9 - - Advertising and related sales............................... 20.18 13.4 20.18 13.4 - - Sales, other business services.............................. 19.14 14.3 19.14 14.3 - - Sales representatives, mining, manufacturing, and wholesale. 23.70 12.9 23.70 12.9 - - Sales workers, furniture and home furnishings............... 12.56 20.9 12.56 20.9 - - Sales workers, other commodities............................ 10.63 10.6 10.63 10.6 - - Cashiers.................................................... 7.75 4.0 7.76 4.0 - - Administrative support, including clerical........................ 13.15 2.4 13.14 2.9 13.18 2.5 Supervisors, general office................................. 18.26 6.5 18.39 8.4 - - Supervisors, financial records processing................... 19.55 10.8 19.55 10.8 - - Computer operators.......................................... 17.97 10.9 18.76 12.8 - - Secretaries................................................. 14.84 5.1 15.58 6.4 13.60 5.1 Typists..................................................... 9.73 6.9 10.42 8.7 - - Interviewers................................................ 10.16 6.0 - - - - Receptionists............................................... 9.84 6.9 9.85 6.9 - - Order clerks................................................ 12.03 7.0 12.03 7.0 - - Personnel clerks, except payroll and timekeeping............ $14.64 6.2 $12.75 7.0 - - Library clerks.............................................. 11.04 11.9 - - $9.90 12.7 Records clerks, n.e.c....................................... 10.78 11.7 9.61 12.7 - - Bookkeepers, accounting and auditing clerks................. 11.33 5.5 10.92 5.5 - - Payroll and timekeeping clerks.............................. 12.78 8.7 12.78 8.7 - - Billing clerks.............................................. 10.94 4.5 10.68 4.6 - - Telephone operators......................................... 11.18 12.5 11.18 12.5 - - Production coordinators..................................... 19.69 12.2 19.69 12.2 - - Traffic, shipping and receiving clerks...................... 12.10 10.0 12.10 10.0 - - Stock and inventory clerks.................................. 10.21 9.0 10.21 9.0 - - Material recording, scheduling, and distribution clerks, n.e.c.................................................... 15.53 12.1 15.53 12.1 - - Insurance adjusters, examiners, and investigators........... 13.69 2.9 13.69 2.9 - - Investigators and adjusters, except insurance............... 12.08 11.0 12.08 11.0 - - Bill and account collectors................................. 12.30 8.1 12.30 8.1 - - General office clerks....................................... 12.41 3.7 12.77 6.4 12.04 3.1 Bank tellers................................................ 10.13 3.7 10.13 3.7 - - Data entry keyers........................................... 8.54 12.9 - - - - Teachers' aides............................................. 10.93 4.9 - - 10.97 4.9 Administrative support, n.e.c............................... 13.26 5.4 12.96 6.7 14.36 5.7 Blue collar......................................................... 16.59 2.0 16.64 2.2 15.73 4.6 Precision production, craft, and repair........................... 20.53 1.8 20.65 1.9 19.01 4.4 Supervisors, mechanics and repairers........................ 22.09 9.1 22.19 9.6 - - Automobile mechanics........................................ 18.27 7.4 - - - - Bus, truck, and stationary engine mechanics................. 15.93 7.6 - - - - Heavy equipment mechanics................................... 20.89 5.0 21.64 4.9 - - Industrial machinery repairers.............................. 20.34 4.9 20.34 4.9 - - Millwrights................................................. 22.70 1.7 22.70 1.7 - - Mechanics and repairers, n.e.c.............................. 19.82 3.5 19.89 3.6 - - Supervisors, construction trades, n.e.c..................... 24.61 6.9 26.12 9.3 - - Electricians................................................ 23.55 1.5 23.33 1.4 - - Plumbers, pipefitters and steamfitters...................... 24.13 3.8 24.12 3.9 - - Construction trades, n.e.c.................................. 16.46 8.2 - - - - Supervisors, production..................................... 20.45 7.4 20.45 7.4 - - Tool and die makers......................................... 22.48 3.2 22.48 3.2 - - Tool and die maker apprentices.............................. 16.76 10.1 16.76 10.1 - - Machinists.................................................. 20.32 3.8 20.32 3.8 - - Precision grinders, filers, and tool sharpeners............. 22.25 7.1 22.25 7.1 - - Patternmakers, layout workers, and cutters.................. 24.50 6.9 24.50 6.9 - - Butchers and meat cutters................................... 14.58 7.7 14.58 7.7 - - Inspectors, testers, and graders............................ 20.61 8.6 20.61 8.6 - - Stationary engineers........................................ 19.40 2.5 - - - - Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors..................... 15.55 3.2 15.55 3.2 ± ± Punching and stamping press operators....................... $15.98 12.7 $15.98 12.7 - - Fabricating machine operators, n.e.c........................ 20.58 1.4 20.58 1.4 - - Textile sewing machine operators............................ 12.14 29.7 12.14 29.7 - - Laundering and dry cleaning machine operators............... 7.83 4.7 7.42 .7 - - Packaging and filling machine operators..................... 10.51 10.4 10.51 10.4 - - Miscellaneous machine operators, n.e.c...................... 12.45 6.8 12.45 6.8 - - Welders and cutters......................................... 17.41 7.9 17.41 7.9 - - Assemblers.................................................. 16.73 4.5 16.73 4.5 - - Production inspectors, checkers and examiners............... 15.10 10.7 15.10 10.7 - - Transportation and material moving................................ 15.74 4.6 16.28 5.2 $13.23 3.3 Truck drivers............................................... 15.38 5.9 16.00 6.3 - - Bus drivers................................................. 12.91 11.9 - - 12.94 3.6 Crane and tower operators................................... 18.70 5.2 18.70 5.2 - - Industrial truck and tractor equipment operators............ 15.77 6.8 15.77 6.8 - - Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers............... 10.62 3.8 10.42 4.1 12.95 6.8 Groundskeepers and gardeners, except farm................... 12.85 8.6 - - 12.85 8.6 Stock handlers and baggers.................................. 9.24 6.7 9.24 6.7 - - Freight, stock, and material handlers, n.e.c................ 11.03 5.7 11.03 5.7 - - Vehicle washers and equipment cleaners...................... 11.36 9.6 11.36 9.6 - - Hand packers and packagers.................................. 9.46 6.8 9.46 6.8 - - Laborers, except construction, n.e.c........................ 13.17 11.1 12.91 12.6 - - Service............................................................. 9.99 3.4 8.31 2.9 14.51 3.3 Protective service............................................ 13.35 9.2 7.28 6.9 17.69 2.1 Firefighting................................................ 15.71 2.3 - - 15.71 2.3 Police and detectives, public service....................... 19.26 2.5 - - 19.26 2.5 Correctional institution officers........................... 16.35 3.8 - - 16.35 3.8 Crossing guards............................................. 7.05 5.8 - - 7.05 5.8 Guards and police, except public service.................... 7.29 7.3 7.27 7.3 - - Protective service, n.e.c................................... 13.30 9.7 - - 13.30 9.7 Food service.................................................. 7.17 4.6 7.05 4.8 9.16 10.0 Bartenders.................................................. 7.28 7.7 7.28 7.7 - - Waiters and waitresses...................................... 3.96 14.9 3.96 14.9 - - Cooks....................................................... 8.66 5.3 8.45 5.4 - - Food counter, fountain, and related......................... 5.93 12.4 5.93 12.4 - - Kitchen workers, food preparation........................... 8.82 4.4 8.76 4.4 - - Food preparation, n.e.c..................................... 6.91 5.3 6.76 5.2 8.25 10.9 Health service................................................ 8.87 3.0 8.77 3.0 11.62 5.3 Health aides, except nursing................................ 10.34 2.2 10.21 2.5 - - Nursing aides, orderlies and attendants..................... 8.54 2.8 8.47 2.8 12.02 9.8 Cleaning and building service................................. 11.36 4.2 10.83 5.3 12.79 4.5 Maids and housemen.......................................... 7.17 2.7 7.10 2.7 - - Janitors and cleaners....................................... 11.82 4.4 11.35 5.9 12.83 4.6 Personal service.............................................. 8.63 5.7 7.45 4.0 9.96 8.0 Early childhood teachers' assistants........................ $7.45 13.8 - - - - Child care workers, n.e.c................................... 9.85 9.9 - - $10.09 10.1 Service, n.e.c.............................................. 8.69 6.7 $8.43 11.5 - - 1 Earnings are the straight-time hourly wages or salaries paid to employees. They include incentive pay, cost-of-living adjustments, and hazard pay. Excluded are premium pay for overtime, vacations, holidays, nonproduction bonuses, and tips. The mean is computed by totaling the pay of all workers and dividing by the number of workers, weighted by hours. 2 All workers include full-time and part-time workers. 3 A classification system including about 480 individual occupations is used to cover all workers in the civilian economy. See appendix B for more information. 4 The relative standard error (RSE) is the standard error expressed as a percent of the estimate. It can be used to calculate a "confidence interval" around a sample estimate. For more information about RSEs, see appendix A. NOTE: Dashes indicate that no data were reported or that data did not meet publication criteria, and n.e.c. means "not elsewhere classified." Overall occupational groups may include data for categories not shown separately. Table 2-2. Mean hourly earnings(1), full-time workers:(2) Selected occupations, private industry and State and local government, National Compensation Survey, Detroit-Ann Arbor-Flint, MI, July 1998 Total Private industry State and local government Occupation(3) Relative Relative Relative Mean error(4) Mean error(4) Mean error(4) (percent) (percent) (percent) All................................................................... $19.50 1.9 $18.98 2.2 $22.15 3.5 All excluding sales............................................... 19.58 1.9 19.05 2.2 22.15 3.5 White collar........................................................ 23.06 2.3 22.41 2.7 25.59 4.3 White collar excluding sales.................................... 23.60 2.3 23.02 2.7 25.59 4.3 Professional specialty and technical.............................. 27.51 2.4 26.03 2.5 31.25 5.1 Professional specialty.......................................... 29.93 2.5 28.26 2.7 33.34 4.9 Engineers, architects, and surveyors.......................... 30.65 3.6 30.65 3.6 ± ± Industrial engineers........................................ 28.05 1.9 28.05 1.9 - - Mechanical engineers........................................ 31.20 11.9 31.20 11.9 - - Engineers, n.e.c............................................ 31.42 2.7 31.42 2.7 - - Mathematical and computer scientists.......................... 28.09 4.9 28.10 4.9 ± ± Computer systems analysts and scientists.................... 28.05 6.4 28.06 6.4 - - Operations and systems researchers and analysts............. 28.34 7.0 28.34 7.0 - - Natural scientists............................................ 20.90 19.1 29.37 11.3 ± ± Health related................................................ 22.68 3.2 22.37 3.3 25.07 9.6 Physicians.................................................. 27.04 18.3 26.46 21.0 - - Registered nurses........................................... 22.12 2.4 22.02 2.6 23.01 4.9 Teachers, college and university.............................. 40.89 14.1 38.81 7.4 41.18 16.0 Engineering teachers........................................ 61.96 7.1 - - - - Teachers, post secondary, subject not specified............. 47.39 5.2 - - - - Teachers, except college and university....................... 37.06 4.2 20.36 7.8 37.58 4.3 Prekindergarten and kindergarten............................ 34.49 10.8 - - 34.49 10.8 Elementary school teachers.................................. 37.49 3.6 - - 37.77 3.7 Secondary school teachers................................... 38.60 5.1 20.99 10.0 39.94 4.9 Teachers, special education................................. 40.98 2.9 - - 40.98 2.9 Vocational and educational counselors....................... 24.10 28.9 - - - - Librarians, archivists, and curators.......................... 32.43 18.6 ± ± 33.33 17.4 Librarians.................................................. 32.43 18.6 - - 33.33 17.4 Social scientists and urban planners.......................... 18.15 22.2 ± ± ± ± Social, recreation, and religious workers..................... 23.25 13.9 ± ± 24.47 14.9 Social workers.............................................. 23.25 13.9 - - 24.47 14.9 Lawyers and judges............................................ 48.27 17.3 ± ± ± ± Lawyers..................................................... 48.27 17.3 - - - - Writers, authors, entertainers, athletes, and professionals, n.e.c...................................................... 31.89 6.4 31.60 7.5 ± ± Technical....................................................... 19.72 3.2 20.46 2.9 15.03 10.9 Clinical laboratory technologists and technicians........... 15.20 16.6 19.01 3.5 - - Health record technologists and technicians................. 14.26 12.9 - - - - Radiologic technicians...................................... 17.60 7.4 17.56 7.6 - - Licensed practical nurses................................... 14.78 1.9 14.71 2.0 - - Health technologists and technicians, n.e.c................. 13.11 4.7 12.91 4.8 - - Electrical and electronic technicians....................... 21.22 4.5 21.22 4.5 - - Mechanical engineering technicians.......................... 21.86 6.9 21.86 6.9 - - Engineering technicians, n.e.c.............................. 24.04 5.2 24.07 5.3 - - Drafters.................................................... $25.23 8.3 $25.23 8.3 - - Chemical technicians........................................ 19.51 3.9 19.51 3.9 - - Computer programmers........................................ 28.25 1.7 28.25 1.7 - - Technical and related, n.e.c................................ 19.67 7.3 21.90 7.2 $17.62 10.5 Executive, administrative, and managerial......................... 30.15 4.2 30.60 4.7 27.01 5.5 Executives, administrators, and managers...................... 34.10 6.0 34.24 6.6 32.78 6.4 Administrators and officials, public administration......... 29.98 6.0 - - 29.98 6.0 Financial managers.......................................... 36.06 13.8 36.57 14.0 - - Managers, marketing, advertising, and public relations...... 41.86 7.4 41.86 7.4 - - Administrators, education and related fields................ 40.83 12.4 20.12 10.2 - - Managers, medicine and health............................... 28.66 13.0 29.04 14.5 - - Managers, food servicing and lodging establishments......... 14.05 13.7 14.05 13.7 - - Managers and administrators, n.e.c.......................... 37.45 7.6 37.58 7.6 - - Management related............................................ 24.62 3.0 25.13 3.5 21.92 3.2 Accountants and auditors.................................... 22.06 5.0 22.06 5.1 - - Other financial officers.................................... 30.19 15.2 32.47 15.6 - - Management analysts......................................... 21.43 13.6 21.43 13.6 - - Personnel, training, and labor relations specialists........ 23.89 9.5 24.22 11.3 - - Purchasing agents and buyers, n.e.c......................... 27.22 9.2 27.34 9.3 - - Construction inspectors..................................... 21.39 2.6 - - 21.39 2.6 Management related, n.e.c................................... 24.63 6.1 24.85 7.0 - - Sales............................................................. 17.88 7.2 17.88 7.2 - - Supervisors, sales.......................................... 19.15 13.9 19.15 13.9 - - Sales, other business services.............................. 19.14 14.3 19.14 14.3 - - Sales representatives, mining, manufacturing, and wholesale. 23.70 12.9 23.70 12.9 - - Sales workers, other commodities............................ 12.85 11.5 12.85 11.5 - - Cashiers.................................................... 8.65 6.0 8.65 6.0 - - Administrative support, including clerical........................ 13.36 2.5 13.36 3.0 13.37 2.6 Supervisors, general office................................. 18.26 6.5 18.39 8.4 - - Supervisors, financial records processing................... 19.55 10.8 19.55 10.8 - - Computer operators.......................................... 17.97 10.9 18.76 12.8 - - Secretaries................................................. 14.88 5.1 15.65 6.4 13.62 5.1 Typists..................................................... 9.73 6.9 10.42 8.7 - - Receptionists............................................... 9.87 7.4 9.87 7.4 - - Order clerks................................................ 12.22 6.7 12.22 6.7 - - Personnel clerks, except payroll and timekeeping............ 14.64 6.2 12.75 7.0 - - Records clerks, n.e.c....................................... 10.78 12.1 9.62 12.7 - - Bookkeepers, accounting and auditing clerks................. 11.66 5.7 11.24 5.8 - - Payroll and timekeeping clerks.............................. 14.19 3.8 14.19 3.8 - - Billing clerks.............................................. 10.97 4.7 10.70 4.8 - - Telephone operators......................................... 11.24 12.5 11.24 12.5 - - Production coordinators..................................... 19.69 12.2 19.69 12.2 - - Traffic, shipping and receiving clerks...................... 12.10 10.2 12.10 10.2 - - Stock and inventory clerks.................................. $10.21 9.0 $10.21 9.0 - - Material recording, scheduling, and distribution clerks, n.e.c.................................................... 15.77 11.6 15.77 11.6 - - Insurance adjusters, examiners, and investigators........... 13.69 2.9 13.69 2.9 - - Investigators and adjusters, except insurance............... 12.08 11.0 12.08 11.0 - - Bill and account collectors................................. 12.30 8.1 12.30 8.1 - - General office clerks....................................... 12.61 3.8 13.06 6.5 $12.15 3.1 Bank tellers................................................ 10.62 1.9 10.62 1.9 - - Teachers' aides............................................. 10.81 5.6 - - 10.85 5.6 Administrative support, n.e.c............................... 13.55 5.5 13.08 6.8 - - Blue collar......................................................... 17.07 2.0 17.14 2.1 16.00 4.8 Precision production, craft, and repair........................... 20.54 1.8 20.66 1.9 19.01 4.4 Supervisors, mechanics and repairers........................ 22.09 9.1 22.19 9.6 - - Automobile mechanics........................................ 18.27 7.4 - - - - Bus, truck, and stationary engine mechanics................. 15.93 7.6 - - - - Heavy equipment mechanics................................... 20.89 5.0 21.64 4.9 - - Industrial machinery repairers.............................. 20.34 4.9 20.34 4.9 - - Millwrights................................................. 22.70 1.7 22.70 1.7 - - Mechanics and repairers, n.e.c.............................. 19.82 3.5 19.89 3.6 - - Supervisors, construction trades, n.e.c..................... 24.61 6.9 26.12 9.3 - - Electricians................................................ 23.55 1.5 23.33 1.4 - - Plumbers, pipefitters and steamfitters...................... 24.13 3.8 24.12 3.9 - - Construction trades, n.e.c.................................. 16.46 8.2 - - - - Supervisors, production..................................... 20.45 7.4 20.45 7.4 - - Tool and die makers......................................... 22.48 3.2 22.48 3.2 - - Tool and die maker apprentices.............................. 16.76 10.1 16.76 10.1 - - Machinists.................................................. 20.32 3.8 20.32 3.8 - - Precision grinders, filers, and tool sharpeners............. 22.25 7.1 22.25 7.1 - - Patternmakers, layout workers, and cutters.................. 24.50 6.9 24.50 6.9 - - Butchers and meat cutters................................... 14.58 7.7 14.58 7.7 - - Inspectors, testers, and graders............................ 20.61 8.6 20.61 8.6 - - Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors..................... 15.71 3.1 15.71 3.1 ± ± Punching and stamping press operators....................... 15.98 12.7 15.98 12.7 - - Fabricating machine operators, n.e.c........................ 20.58 1.4 20.58 1.4 - - Textile sewing machine operators............................ 12.14 29.7 12.14 29.7 - - Laundering and dry cleaning machine operators............... 7.87 4.9 7.45 1.1 - - Packaging and filling machine operators..................... 10.51 10.4 10.51 10.4 - - Miscellaneous machine operators, n.e.c...................... 12.45 6.8 12.45 6.8 - - Welders and cutters......................................... 17.41 7.9 17.41 7.9 - - Assemblers.................................................. 17.17 4.0 17.17 4.0 - - Production inspectors, checkers and examiners............... 15.10 10.7 15.10 10.7 - - Transportation and material moving................................ 16.81 4.0 17.55 4.2 13.41 3.8 Truck drivers............................................... $15.63 6.0 $16.14 6.4 - - Bus drivers................................................. 12.45 4.9 - - $12.91 4.2 Crane and tower operators................................... 18.70 5.2 18.70 5.2 - - Industrial truck and tractor equipment operators............ 15.77 6.8 15.77 6.8 - - Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers............... 11.62 3.9 11.46 4.2 13.13 7.7 Groundskeepers and gardeners, except farm................... 13.27 10.8 - - 13.27 10.8 Stock handlers and baggers.................................. 12.06 7.1 12.06 7.1 - - Freight, stock, and material handlers, n.e.c................ 10.88 6.3 10.88 6.3 - - Vehicle washers and equipment cleaners...................... 11.57 9.0 11.57 9.0 - - Hand packers and packagers.................................. 9.62 7.0 9.62 7.0 - - Laborers, except construction, n.e.c........................ 13.17 11.1 12.91 12.6 - - Service............................................................. 11.06 3.7 9.02 3.4 15.49 3.4 Protective service............................................ 13.91 9.2 7.22 7.3 18.09 2.2 Firefighting................................................ 15.71 2.3 - - 15.71 2.3 Police and detectives, public service....................... 19.41 2.5 - - 19.41 2.5 Correctional institution officers........................... 16.35 3.8 - - 16.35 3.8 Guards and police, except public service.................... 7.22 7.8 7.21 7.8 - - Food service.................................................. 8.42 7.3 8.31 7.6 10.88 5.4 Cooks....................................................... 9.19 3.6 9.00 3.3 - - Food preparation, n.e.c..................................... 7.64 10.9 7.52 11.2 - - Health service................................................ 8.82 3.1 8.70 3.1 11.80 5.6 Health aides, except nursing................................ 10.39 2.2 10.28 2.4 - - Nursing aides, orderlies and attendants..................... 8.40 2.7 8.31 2.6 - - Cleaning and building service................................. 11.81 3.8 11.37 4.9 12.91 4.8 Maids and housemen.......................................... 7.36 2.9 - - - - Janitors and cleaners....................................... 12.25 3.7 11.90 5.0 12.95 4.9 Personal service.............................................. 9.68 8.2 ± ± 11.14 8.9 Child care workers, n.e.c................................... 11.35 10.3 - - 11.91 10.5 1 Earnings are the straight-time hourly wages or salaries paid to employees. They include incentive pay, cost-of-living adjustments, and hazard pay. Excluded are premium pay for overtime, vacations, holidays, nonproduction bonuses, and tips. The mean is computed by totaling the pay of all workers and dividing by the number of workers, weighted by hours. 2 Employees are classified as working either a full-time or a part-time schedule based on the definition used by each establishment. Therefore, a worker with a 35-hour-per-week schedule might be considered a full-time employee in one establishment, but classified as part-time in another firm, where a 40-hour week is the minimum full-time schedule. 3 A classification system including about 480 individual occupations is used to cover all workers in the civilian economy. See appendix B for more information. 4 The relative standard error (RSE) is the standard error expressed as a percent of the estimate. It can be used to calculate a "confidence interval" around a sample estimate. For more information about RSEs, see appendix A. NOTE: Dashes indicate that no data were reported or that data did not meet publication criteria, and n.e.c. means "not elsewhere classified." Overall occupational groups may include data for categories not shown separately. Table 2-3. Mean hourly earnings(1), part-time workers:(2) Selected occupations, private industry and State and local government, National Compensation Survey, Detroit-Ann Arbor-Flint, MI, July 1998 Total Private industry State and local government Occupation(3) Relative Relative Relative Mean error(4) Mean error(4) Mean error(4) (percent) (percent) (percent) All................................................................... $10.13 5.0 $9.81 5.6 $12.35 8.3 All excluding sales............................................... 10.59 5.6 10.28 6.4 12.37 8.3 White collar........................................................ 13.63 5.4 13.23 6.1 16.17 7.5 White collar excluding sales.................................... 16.67 5.3 16.78 6.4 16.23 7.4 Professional specialty and technical.............................. 20.63 4.9 21.66 5.9 17.75 6.9 Professional specialty.......................................... 22.29 5.0 24.09 5.6 18.13 7.0 Mathematical and computer scientists.......................... ± ± ± ± - - Natural scientists............................................ ± ± ± ± ± ± Health related................................................ 24.04 5.7 24.33 5.8 ± ± Registered nurses........................................... 21.77 3.5 21.96 3.5 - - Teachers, college and university.............................. 23.13 5.4 28.76 17.4 22.39 3.4 Teachers, post secondary, subject not specified............. 21.61 .9 - - - - Teachers, except college and university....................... 16.93 8.6 10.97 10.6 17.20 8.9 Elementary school teachers.................................. 18.49 14.1 - - - - Teachers, n.e.c............................................. 16.58 13.3 - - 16.92 12.9 Librarians, archivists, and curators.......................... ± ± - - ± ± Social scientists and urban planners.......................... ± ± ± ± - - Social, recreation, and religious workers..................... 13.39 18.4 ± ± ± ± Writers, authors, entertainers, athletes, and professionals, n.e.c...................................................... 26.51 23.3 26.51 23.3 - - Technical....................................................... 13.94 7.9 13.98 8.8 13.67 13.5 Licensed practical nurses................................... 15.49 2.2 15.74 1.8 - - Health technologists and technicians, n.e.c................. 13.55 4.6 13.55 4.6 - - Executive, administrative, and managerial......................... ± ± ± ± ± ± Executives, administrators, and managers...................... ± ± - - ± ± Management related............................................ ± ± ± ± ± ± Sales............................................................. 7.42 4.9 7.42 4.9 ± ± Sales workers, other commodities............................ 7.26 6.5 7.26 6.5 - - Cashiers.................................................... 6.91 4.3 6.91 4.3 - - Administrative support, including clerical........................ 10.68 10.9 10.91 11.1 8.61 8.2 Secretaries................................................. 10.19 5.2 - - - - Library clerks.............................................. 7.87 16.6 - - 7.87 16.6 General office clerks....................................... 8.61 8.3 9.02 8.6 7.19 5.7 Administrative support, n.e.c............................... 8.77 10.6 10.32 9.9 - - Blue collar......................................................... 8.32 11.1 8.05 12.2 11.98 7.4 Precision production, craft, and repair........................... ± ± ± ± - - Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors..................... ± ± ± ± - - Transportation and material moving................................ $10.97 18.9 $10.69 23.2 $12.39 7.3 Bus drivers................................................. 13.34 21.8 - - 13.07 6.0 Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers............... 6.75 3.8 6.74 3.9 ± ± Stock handlers and baggers.................................. 6.43 2.4 6.43 2.4 - - Service............................................................. 6.79 3.2 6.60 3.5 7.94 5.4 Protective service............................................ 7.68 8.0 7.58 10.1 7.97 9.5 Crossing guards............................................. 7.05 5.8 - - 7.05 5.8 Guards and police, except public service.................... 7.62 10.0 7.58 10.1 - - Food service.................................................. 6.06 3.4 5.91 3.7 8.15 12.3 Waiters and waitresses...................................... 3.29 6.9 3.29 6.9 - - Kitchen workers, food preparation........................... 8.47 5.9 8.47 5.9 - - Food preparation, n.e.c..................................... 6.54 3.4 - - 7.92 12.7 Health service................................................ 9.17 5.3 9.13 5.6 ± ± Nursing aides, orderlies and attendants..................... 9.16 5.6 9.17 5.6 - - Cleaning and building service................................. 7.14 6.9 6.75 5.1 ± ± Janitors and cleaners....................................... 7.36 9.5 6.86 7.4 - - Personal service.............................................. 6.90 3.5 6.54 2.3 7.44 7.7 Child care workers, n.e.c................................... 7.41 9.2 - - 7.41 9.3 Service, n.e.c.............................................. 7.34 5.7 - - - - 1 Earnings are the straight-time hourly wages or salaries paid to employees. They include incentive pay, cost-of-living adjustments, and hazard pay. Excluded are premium pay for overtime, vacations, holidays, nonproduction bonuses, and tips. The mean is computed by totaling the pay of all workers and dividing by the number of workers, weighted by hours. 2 Employees are classified as working either a full-time or a part-time schedule based on the definition used by each establishment. Therefore, a worker with a 35-hour-per-week schedule might be considered a full-time employee in one establishment, but classified as part-time in another firm, where a 40-hour week is the minimum full-time schedule. 3 A classification system including about 480 individual occupations is used to cover all workers in the civilian economy. See appendix B for more information. 4 The relative standard error (RSE) is the standard error expressed as a percent of the estimate. It can be used to calculate a "confidence interval" around a sample estimate. For more information about RSEs, see appendix A. NOTE: Dashes indicate that no data were reported or that data did not meet publication criteria, and n.e.c. means "not elsewhere classified." Overall occupational groups may include data for categories not shown separately. Table 3-1. Mean weekly earnings(1), full-time workers:(2) Selected occupations, private industry and State and local government, National Compensation Survey, Detroit-Ann Arbor-Flint, MI, July 1998 Total Private industry State and local government Weekly earnings Weekly earnings Weekly earnings Occupation(3) Mean Mean Mean weekly weekly weekly Relative hours(- Relative hours(- Relative hours(- Mean error(4) 5) Mean error(4) 5) Mean error(4) 5) (percen- (percen- (percen- t) t) t) All................................................................... $776 1.8 39.8 $762 2.1 40.1 $845 3.2 38.1 All excluding sales............................................... 778 1.9 39.7 763 2.2 40.1 845 3.2 38.1 White collar........................................................ 911 2.2 39.5 901 2.6 40.2 949 4.0 37.1 White collar excluding sales.................................... 928 2.2 39.3 922 2.6 40.0 949 4.0 37.1 Professional specialty and technical.............................. 1,062 2.2 38.6 1,036 2.4 39.8 1,122 4.7 35.9 Professional specialty.......................................... 1,147 2.3 38.3 1,122 2.6 39.7 1,192 4.4 35.7 Engineers, architects, and surveyors.......................... 1,232 3.6 40.2 1,232 3.6 40.2 ± ± ± Industrial engineers........................................ 1,132 2.1 40.4 1,132 2.1 40.4 - - - Mechanical engineers........................................ 1,261 11.7 40.4 1,261 11.7 40.4 - - - Engineers, n.e.c............................................ 1,258 2.7 40.0 1,258 2.7 40.0 - - - Mathematical and computer scientists.......................... 1,126 4.8 40.1 1,127 4.8 40.1 ± ± ± Computer systems analysts and scientists.................... 1,127 6.2 40.2 1,128 6.2 40.2 - - - Operations and systems researchers and analysts............. 1,133 7.0 40.0 1,133 7.0 40.0 - - - Natural scientists............................................ 823 19.5 39.4 1,175 11.3 40.0 ± ± ± Health related................................................ 901 3.1 39.7 892 3.3 39.9 970 9.1 38.7 Physicians.................................................. 1,093 18.3 40.4 1,057 20.9 39.9 - - - Registered nurses........................................... 876 2.4 39.6 877 2.6 39.8 865 5.1 37.6 Teachers, college and university.............................. 1,560 14.2 38.2 1,338 7.0 34.5 1,595 16.1 38.7 Engineering teachers........................................ 2,432 8.8 39.3 - - - - - - Teachers, post secondary, subject not specified............. 1,577 2.9 33.3 - - - - - - Teachers, except college and university....................... 1,262 3.4 34.1 777 7.7 38.2 1,275 3.5 33.9 Prekindergarten and kindergarten............................ 1,180 7.9 34.2 - - - 1,180 7.9 34.2 Elementary school teachers.................................. 1,261 3.0 33.6 - - - 1,269 3.0 33.6 Secondary school teachers................................... 1,329 4.3 34.4 806 10.0 38.4 1,365 4.1 34.2 Teachers, special education................................. 1,350 1.6 32.9 - - - 1,350 1.6 32.9 Vocational and educational counselors....................... 920 25.7 38.2 - - - - - - Librarians, archivists, and curators.......................... 1,191 15.5 36.7 ± ± ± 1,219 14.5 36.6 Librarians.................................................. 1,191 15.5 36.7 - - - 1,219 14.5 36.6 Social scientists and urban planners.......................... 718 21.6 39.5 ± ± ± ± ± ± Social, recreation, and religious workers..................... 877 11.1 37.7 ± ± ± 914 11.8 37.3 Social workers.............................................. 877 11.1 37.7 - - - 914 11.8 37.3 Lawyers and judges............................................ 1,928 17.3 39.9 ± ± ± ± ± ± Lawyers..................................................... 1,928 17.3 39.9 - - - - - - Writers, authors, entertainers, athletes, and professionals, n.e.c...................................................... 1,216 4.3 38.1 1,197 5.0 37.9 ± ± ± Technical....................................................... 781 3.4 39.6 819 2.9 40.0 560 11.0 37.2 Clinical laboratory technologists and technicians........... 608 16.6 40.0 760 3.5 40.0 - - - Health record technologists and technicians................. 565 12.4 39.7 - - - - - - Radiologic technicians...................................... 704 7.4 40.0 702 7.6 40.0 - - - Licensed practical nurses................................... 590 1.9 39.9 587 2.1 39.9 - - - Health technologists and technicians, n.e.c................. $524 4.7 40.0 $516 4.8 40.0 - - - Electrical and electronic technicians....................... 849 4.5 40.0 849 4.5 40.0 - - - Mechanical engineering technicians.......................... 874 6.9 40.0 874 6.9 40.0 - - - Engineering technicians, n.e.c.............................. 961 5.2 40.0 963 5.3 40.0 - - - Drafters.................................................... 1,009 8.3 40.0 1,009 8.3 40.0 - - - Chemical technicians........................................ 780 3.9 40.0 780 3.9 40.0 - - - Computer programmers........................................ 1,130 1.7 40.0 1,130 1.7 40.0 - - - Technical and related, n.e.c................................ 729 10.6 37.1 876 7.2 40.0 $612 15.3 34.7 Executive, administrative, and managerial......................... 1,219 4.1 40.4 1,243 4.5 40.6 1,059 5.1 39.2 Executives, administrators, and managers...................... 1,390 5.5 40.8 1,404 6.1 41.0 1,272 5.5 38.8 Administrators and officials, public administration......... 1,181 5.9 39.4 - - - 1,181 5.9 39.4 Financial managers.......................................... 1,442 13.6 40.0 1,463 13.9 40.0 - - - Managers, marketing, advertising, and public relations...... 1,728 8.9 41.3 1,728 8.9 41.3 - - - Administrators, education and related fields................ 1,519 9.7 37.2 833 10.6 41.4 - - - Managers, medicine and health............................... 1,146 13.0 40.0 1,161 14.5 40.0 - - - Managers, food servicing and lodging establishments......... 654 12.9 46.6 654 12.9 46.6 - - - Managers and administrators, n.e.c.......................... 1,515 7.4 40.5 1,521 7.5 40.5 - - - Management related............................................ 984 3.1 40.0 1,007 3.6 40.1 867 3.2 39.5 Accountants and auditors.................................... 881 5.0 39.9 881 5.1 39.9 - - - Other financial officers.................................... 1,225 15.8 40.6 1,321 16.2 40.7 - - - Management analysts......................................... 857 13.6 40.0 857 13.6 40.0 - - - Personnel, training, and labor relations specialists........ 962 9.6 40.3 977 11.5 40.3 - - - Purchasing agents and buyers, n.e.c......................... 1,087 9.2 39.9 1,094 9.3 40.0 - - - Construction inspectors..................................... 831 3.4 38.8 - - - 831 3.4 38.8 Management related, n.e.c................................... 982 6.0 39.9 991 7.0 39.9 - - - Sales............................................................. 737 7.6 41.2 737 7.6 41.2 - - - Supervisors, sales.......................................... 809 18.2 42.3 809 18.2 42.3 - - - Sales, other business services.............................. 766 14.3 40.0 766 14.3 40.0 - - - Sales representatives, mining, manufacturing, and wholesale. 1,011 10.6 42.6 1,011 10.6 42.6 - - - Sales workers, other commodities............................ 514 11.5 40.0 514 11.5 40.0 - - - Cashiers.................................................... 345 5.9 39.9 345 5.9 39.9 - - - Administrative support, including clerical........................ 531 2.4 39.7 534 3.0 40.0 520 2.4 38.9 Supervisors, general office................................. 744 5.9 40.7 753 7.6 41.0 - - - Supervisors, financial records processing................... 777 10.9 39.7 777 10.9 39.7 - - - Computer operators.......................................... 703 11.3 39.2 748 12.9 39.9 - - - Secretaries................................................. 584 5.3 39.2 619 6.6 39.5 528 5.1 38.8 Typists..................................................... 383 6.9 39.4 405 9.5 38.9 - - - Receptionists............................................... 392 7.5 39.7 392 7.5 39.7 - - - Order clerks................................................ 506 6.9 41.4 506 6.9 41.4 - - - Personnel clerks, except payroll and timekeeping............ $578 6.0 39.5 $508 6.9 39.8 - - - Records clerks, n.e.c....................................... 460 7.4 42.7 424 8.0 44.0 - - - Bookkeepers, accounting and auditing clerks................. 467 5.2 40.0 451 5.3 40.1 - - - Payroll and timekeeping clerks.............................. 564 3.4 39.8 564 3.4 39.8 - - - Billing clerks.............................................. 437 4.6 39.8 426 4.6 39.8 - - - Telephone operators......................................... 434 11.8 38.6 434 11.8 38.6 - - - Production coordinators..................................... 788 12.2 40.0 788 12.2 40.0 - - - Traffic, shipping and receiving clerks...................... 484 10.2 40.0 484 10.2 40.0 - - - Stock and inventory clerks.................................. 409 9.0 40.0 409 9.0 40.0 - - - Material recording, scheduling, and distribution clerks, n.e.c.................................................... 631 11.6 40.0 631 11.6 40.0 - - - Insurance adjusters, examiners, and investigators........... 536 3.1 39.2 536 3.1 39.2 - - - Investigators and adjusters, except insurance............... 477 10.7 39.5 477 10.7 39.5 - - - Bill and account collectors................................. 492 8.1 40.0 492 8.1 40.0 - - - General office clerks....................................... 502 3.8 39.8 522 6.5 40.0 $483 3.1 39.7 Bank tellers................................................ 425 1.9 40.0 425 1.9 40.0 - - - Teachers' aides............................................. 352 7.7 32.6 - - - 353 7.8 32.6 Administrative support, n.e.c............................... 539 5.5 39.8 520 6.8 39.8 - - - Blue collar......................................................... 684 2.1 40.1 688 2.2 40.1 630 4.9 39.4 Precision production, craft, and repair........................... 825 1.9 40.2 831 2.0 40.2 759 4.4 39.9 Supervisors, mechanics and repairers........................ 1,010 10.5 45.7 1,027 10.9 46.3 - - - Automobile mechanics........................................ 744 8.7 40.7 - - - - - - Bus, truck, and stationary engine mechanics................. 634 7.5 39.8 - - - - - - Heavy equipment mechanics................................... 836 5.0 40.0 866 4.9 40.0 - - - Industrial machinery repairers.............................. 814 4.9 40.0 814 4.9 40.0 - - - Millwrights................................................. 908 1.7 40.0 908 1.7 40.0 - - - Mechanics and repairers, n.e.c.............................. 793 3.5 40.0 796 3.6 40.0 - - - Supervisors, construction trades, n.e.c..................... 984 6.9 40.0 1,045 9.3 40.0 - - - Electricians................................................ 940 1.6 39.9 933 1.4 40.0 - - - Plumbers, pipefitters and steamfitters...................... 965 3.8 40.0 965 3.9 40.0 - - - Construction trades, n.e.c.................................. 658 8.1 39.9 - - - - - - Supervisors, production..................................... 831 8.0 40.6 831 8.0 40.6 - - - Tool and die makers......................................... 899 3.2 40.0 899 3.2 40.0 - - - Tool and die maker apprentices.............................. 670 10.1 40.0 670 10.1 40.0 - - - Machinists.................................................. 813 3.8 40.0 813 3.8 40.0 - - - Precision grinders, filers, and tool sharpeners............. 890 7.1 40.0 890 7.1 40.0 - - - Patternmakers, layout workers, and cutters.................. 980 6.9 40.0 980 6.9 40.0 - - - Butchers and meat cutters................................... 583 7.7 40.0 583 7.7 40.0 - - - Inspectors, testers, and graders............................ 825 8.6 40.0 825 8.6 40.0 - - - Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors..................... $629 3.1 40.0 $629 3.1 40.0 ± ± ± Punching and stamping press operators....................... 639 12.7 40.0 639 12.7 40.0 - - - Fabricating machine operators, n.e.c........................ 823 1.4 40.0 823 1.4 40.0 - - - Textile sewing machine operators............................ 486 29.7 40.0 486 29.7 40.0 - - - Laundering and dry cleaning machine operators............... 311 5.1 39.5 294 1.8 39.5 - - - Packaging and filling machine operators..................... 419 10.3 39.9 419 10.3 39.9 - - - Miscellaneous machine operators, n.e.c...................... 498 6.8 40.0 498 6.8 40.0 - - - Welders and cutters......................................... 696 7.9 40.0 696 7.9 40.0 - - - Assemblers.................................................. 687 4.0 40.0 687 4.0 40.0 - - - Production inspectors, checkers and examiners............... 604 10.7 40.0 604 10.7 40.0 - - - Transportation and material moving................................ 673 4.2 40.0 709 4.5 40.4 $515 3.9 38.4 Truck drivers............................................... 648 8.3 41.5 674 9.1 41.7 - - - Bus drivers................................................. 472 5.2 37.9 - - - 488 4.4 37.8 Crane and tower operators................................... 748 5.2 40.0 748 5.2 40.0 - - - Industrial truck and tractor equipment operators............ 631 6.8 40.0 631 6.8 40.0 - - - Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers............... 464 3.9 40.0 458 4.2 40.0 521 7.5 39.7 Groundskeepers and gardeners, except farm................... 522 9.9 39.3 - - - 522 9.9 39.3 Stock handlers and baggers.................................. 482 7.1 40.0 482 7.1 40.0 - - - Freight, stock, and material handlers, n.e.c................ 435 6.3 39.9 435 6.3 39.9 - - - Vehicle washers and equipment cleaners...................... 463 9.0 40.0 463 9.0 40.0 - - - Hand packers and packagers.................................. 385 7.0 40.0 385 7.0 40.0 - - - Laborers, except construction, n.e.c........................ 527 11.1 40.0 516 12.6 40.0 - - - Service............................................................. 443 3.9 40.1 359 3.3 39.8 631 4.1 40.8 Protective service............................................ 576 9.9 41.4 289 7.3 40.0 765 2.4 42.3 Firefighting................................................ 804 3.9 51.2 - - - 804 3.9 51.2 Police and detectives, public service....................... 780 2.5 40.2 - - - 780 2.5 40.2 Correctional institution officers........................... 656 3.7 40.1 - - - 656 3.7 40.1 Guards and police, except public service.................... 289 7.8 40.0 288 7.8 40.0 - - - Food service.................................................. 332 6.9 39.5 330 7.3 39.8 364 10.1 33.5 Cooks....................................................... 361 3.3 39.3 358 3.2 39.8 - - - Food preparation, n.e.c..................................... 290 9.5 37.9 288 10.1 38.3 - - - Health service................................................ 350 3.1 39.7 345 3.1 39.7 466 6.0 39.5 Health aides, except nursing................................ 413 2.5 39.8 408 2.8 39.7 - - - Nursing aides, orderlies and attendants..................... 333 2.6 39.7 330 2.5 39.7 - - - Cleaning and building service................................. 470 3.9 39.8 452 5.1 39.8 516 4.8 39.9 Maids and housemen.......................................... 294 2.9 40.0 - - - - - - Janitors and cleaners....................................... 487 4.2 39.8 472 5.8 39.7 517 4.9 39.9 Personal service.............................................. $378 8.0 39.0 ± ± ± $426 9.8 38.2 Child care workers, n.e.c................................... 448 10.5 39.5 - - - 470 10.6 39.4 1 Earnings are the straight-time weekly wages or salaries paid to employees. They include incentive pay, cost-of-living adjustments, and hazard pay. Excluded are premium pay for overtime, vacations, holidays, nonproduction bonuses, and tips. The mean is computed by totaling the pay of all workers and dividing by the number of workers, weighted by hours. 2 Employees are classified as working either a full-time or a part-time schedule based on the definition used by each establishment. Therefore, a worker with a 35-hour-per-week schedule might be considered a full-time employee in one establishment, but classified as part-time in another firm, where a 40-hour week is the minimum full-time schedule. 3 A classification system including about 480 individual occupations is used to cover all workers in the civilian economy. See appendix B for more information. 4 The relative standard error (RSE) is the standard error expressed as a percent of the estimate. It can be used to calculate a "confidence interval" around a sample estimate. For more information about RSEs, see appendix A. 5 Mean weekly hours are the hours an employee is scheduled to work in a week, exclusive of overtime. NOTE: Dashes indicate that no data were reported or that data did not meet publication criteria, and n.e.c. means "not elsewhere classified." Overall occupational groups may include data for categories not shown separately. Table 3-2. Mean annual earnings(1), full-time workers:(2) Selected occupations, private industry and State and local government, National Compensation Survey, Detroit-Ann Arbor-Flint, MI, July 1998 Total Private industry State and local government Annual earnings Annual earnings Annual earnings Occupation(3) Mean Mean Mean annual annual annual Relative hours(- Relative hours(- Relative hours(- Mean error(4) 5) Mean error(4) 5) Mean error(4) 5) (percen- (percen- (percen- t) t) t) All................................................................... $39,533 1.8 2,028 $39,534 2.1 2,083 $39,530 3.2 1,784 All excluding sales............................................... 39,592 1.9 2,022 39,607 2.2 2,079 39,530 3.2 1,784 White collar........................................................ 45,835 2.2 1,987 46,674 2.6 2,083 43,192 4.0 1,688 White collar excluding sales.................................... 46,551 2.2 1,973 47,756 2.6 2,075 43,192 4.0 1,688 Professional specialty and technical.............................. 51,617 2.2 1,877 53,452 2.4 2,054 48,135 4.7 1,540 Professional specialty.......................................... 54,880 2.3 1,834 57,731 2.6 2,043 50,565 4.4 1,517 Engineers, architects, and surveyors.......................... 64,066 3.6 2,090 64,054 3.6 2,090 ± ± ± Industrial engineers........................................ 58,881 2.1 2,099 58,881 2.1 2,099 - - - Mechanical engineers........................................ 65,582 11.7 2,102 65,582 11.7 2,102 - - - Engineers, n.e.c............................................ 65,413 2.7 2,082 65,413 2.7 2,082 - - - Mathematical and computer scientists.......................... 58,574 4.8 2,085 58,596 4.8 2,085 ± ± ± Computer systems analysts and scientists.................... 58,614 6.2 2,090 58,650 6.2 2,090 - - - Operations and systems researchers and analysts............. 58,913 7.0 2,079 58,913 7.0 2,079 - - - Natural scientists............................................ 42,781 19.5 2,047 61,091 11.3 2,080 ± ± ± Health related................................................ 46,742 3.1 2,061 46,396 3.3 2,074 49,272 9.1 1,965 Physicians.................................................. 56,823 18.3 2,102 54,962 20.9 2,077 - - - Registered nurses........................................... 45,552 2.4 2,060 45,617 2.6 2,072 44,980 5.1 1,954 Teachers, college and university.............................. 66,908 14.2 1,636 53,750 7.0 1,385 69,129 16.1 1,679 Engineering teachers........................................ 96,651 8.8 1,560 - - - - - - Teachers, post secondary, subject not specified............. 57,765 2.9 1,219 - - - - - - Teachers, except college and university....................... 49,831 3.4 1,345 32,433 7.7 1,593 50,290 3.5 1,338 Prekindergarten and kindergarten............................ 45,878 7.9 1,330 - - - 45,878 7.9 1,330 Elementary school teachers.................................. 49,426 3.0 1,319 - - - 49,716 3.0 1,316 Secondary school teachers................................... 51,486 4.3 1,334 32,579 10.0 1,552 52,716 4.1 1,320 Teachers, special education................................. 53,716 1.6 1,311 - - - 53,716 1.6 1,311 Vocational and educational counselors....................... 43,226 25.7 1,794 - - - - - - Librarians, archivists, and curators.......................... 52,511 15.5 1,619 ± ± ± 53,261 14.5 1,598 Librarians.................................................. 52,511 15.5 1,619 - - - 53,261 14.5 1,598 Social scientists and urban planners.......................... 36,555 21.6 2,014 ± ± ± ± ± ± Social, recreation, and religious workers..................... 42,039 11.1 1,808 ± ± ± 43,293 11.8 1,769 Social workers.............................................. 42,039 11.1 1,808 - - - 43,293 11.8 1,769 Lawyers and judges............................................ 100,253 17.3 2,077 ± ± ± ± ± ± Lawyers..................................................... 100,253 17.3 2,077 - - - - - - Writers, authors, entertainers, athletes, and professionals, n.e.c...................................................... 60,637 4.3 1,902 59,329 5.0 1,878 ± ± ± Technical....................................................... 40,024 3.4 2,029 42,583 2.9 2,081 26,346 11.0 1,753 Clinical laboratory technologists and technicians........... 31,624 16.6 2,080 39,538 3.5 2,080 - - - Health record technologists and technicians................. 29,400 12.4 2,062 - - - - - - Radiologic technicians...................................... 36,609 7.4 2,080 36,520 7.6 2,080 - - - Licensed practical nurses................................... 30,658 1.9 2,075 30,513 2.1 2,074 - - - Health technologists and technicians, n.e.c................. $27,273 4.7 2,080 $26,856 4.8 2,080 - - - Electrical and electronic technicians....................... 44,170 4.5 2,081 44,170 4.5 2,081 - - - Mechanical engineering technicians.......................... 45,465 6.9 2,080 45,465 6.9 2,080 - - - Engineering technicians, n.e.c.............................. 49,995 5.2 2,080 50,064 5.3 2,080 - - - Drafters.................................................... 52,476 8.3 2,080 52,476 8.3 2,080 - - - Chemical technicians........................................ 40,585 3.9 2,080 40,585 3.9 2,080 - - - Computer programmers........................................ 58,756 1.7 2,080 58,756 1.7 2,080 - - - Technical and related, n.e.c................................ 34,084 10.6 1,733 45,544 7.2 2,080 $26,491 15.3 1,503 Executive, administrative, and managerial......................... 63,318 4.1 2,100 64,605 4.5 2,111 54,609 5.1 2,022 Executives, administrators, and managers...................... 72,223 5.5 2,118 72,962 6.1 2,131 65,911 5.5 2,011 Administrators and officials, public administration......... 61,416 5.9 2,049 - - - 61,416 5.9 2,049 Financial managers.......................................... 74,995 13.6 2,080 76,089 13.9 2,081 - - - Managers, marketing, advertising, and public relations...... 89,852 8.9 2,146 89,852 8.9 2,146 - - - Administrators, education and related fields................ 75,169 9.7 1,841 38,947 10.6 1,936 - - - Managers, medicine and health............................... 59,610 13.0 2,080 60,394 14.5 2,080 - - - Managers, food servicing and lodging establishments......... 34,030 12.9 2,422 34,030 12.9 2,422 - - - Managers and administrators, n.e.c.......................... 78,785 7.4 2,104 79,073 7.5 2,104 - - - Management related............................................ 51,083 3.1 2,075 52,344 3.6 2,083 44,540 3.2 2,032 Accountants and auditors.................................... 45,816 5.0 2,077 45,805 5.1 2,077 - - - Other financial officers.................................... 63,692 15.8 2,110 68,701 16.2 2,116 - - - Management analysts......................................... 44,580 13.6 2,080 44,580 13.6 2,080 - - - Personnel, training, and labor relations specialists........ 50,038 9.6 2,094 50,790 11.5 2,097 - - - Purchasing agents and buyers, n.e.c......................... 56,523 9.2 2,077 56,865 9.3 2,080 - - - Construction inspectors..................................... 43,209 3.4 2,020 - - - 43,209 3.4 2,020 Management related, n.e.c................................... 50,761 6.0 2,061 51,506 7.0 2,073 - - - Sales............................................................. 38,315 7.6 2,143 38,315 7.6 2,143 - - - Supervisors, sales.......................................... 42,066 18.2 2,197 42,066 18.2 2,197 - - - Sales, other business services.............................. 39,810 14.3 2,080 39,810 14.3 2,080 - - - Sales representatives, mining, manufacturing, and wholesale. 52,563 10.6 2,217 52,563 10.6 2,217 - - - Sales workers, other commodities............................ 26,721 11.5 2,080 26,721 11.5 2,080 - - - Cashiers.................................................... 17,918 5.9 2,072 17,918 5.9 2,072 - - - Administrative support, including clerical........................ 27,362 2.4 2,048 27,744 3.0 2,077 25,996 2.4 1,944 Supervisors, general office................................. 38,680 5.9 2,118 39,164 7.6 2,130 - - - Supervisors, financial records processing................... 40,383 10.9 2,065 40,383 10.9 2,065 - - - Computer operators.......................................... 36,578 11.3 2,036 38,901 12.9 2,073 - - - Secretaries................................................. 29,533 5.3 1,984 32,111 6.6 2,052 25,631 5.1 1,882 Typists..................................................... 19,941 6.9 2,049 21,057 9.5 2,020 - - - Receptionists............................................... 20,370 7.5 2,064 20,370 7.5 2,064 - - - Order clerks................................................ 26,291 6.9 2,151 26,291 6.9 2,151 - - - Personnel clerks, except payroll and timekeeping............ $30,073 6.0 2,054 $26,402 6.9 2,071 - - - Records clerks, n.e.c....................................... 23,932 7.4 2,220 22,040 8.0 2,290 - - - Bookkeepers, accounting and auditing clerks................. 24,256 5.2 2,080 23,437 5.3 2,085 - - - Payroll and timekeeping clerks.............................. 29,342 3.4 2,068 29,342 3.4 2,068 - - - Billing clerks.............................................. 22,710 4.6 2,071 22,149 4.6 2,070 - - - Telephone operators......................................... 22,555 11.8 2,006 22,555 11.8 2,006 - - - Production coordinators..................................... 40,956 12.2 2,080 40,956 12.2 2,080 - - - Traffic, shipping and receiving clerks...................... 25,160 10.2 2,080 25,160 10.2 2,080 - - - Stock and inventory clerks.................................. 21,244 9.0 2,080 21,244 9.0 2,080 - - - Material recording, scheduling, and distribution clerks, n.e.c.................................................... 32,794 11.6 2,080 32,794 11.6 2,080 - - - Insurance adjusters, examiners, and investigators........... 27,883 3.1 2,036 27,883 3.1 2,036 - - - Investigators and adjusters, except insurance............... 24,783 10.7 2,052 24,783 10.7 2,052 - - - Bill and account collectors................................. 25,584 8.1 2,080 25,584 8.1 2,080 - - - General office clerks....................................... 26,116 3.8 2,072 27,144 6.5 2,078 $25,103 3.1 2,066 Bank tellers................................................ 22,090 1.9 2,080 22,090 1.9 2,080 - - - Teachers' aides............................................. 14,234 7.7 1,317 - - - 14,275 7.8 1,316 Administrative support, n.e.c............................... 28,008 5.5 2,068 27,030 6.8 2,067 - - - Blue collar......................................................... 35,500 2.1 2,079 35,752 2.2 2,086 31,463 4.9 1,966 Precision production, craft, and repair........................... 42,926 1.9 2,090 43,200 2.0 2,091 39,447 4.4 2,075 Supervisors, mechanics and repairers........................ 52,515 10.5 2,378 53,383 10.9 2,405 - - - Automobile mechanics........................................ 38,683 8.7 2,117 - - - - - - Bus, truck, and stationary engine mechanics................. 32,953 7.5 2,069 - - - - - - Heavy equipment mechanics................................... 43,454 5.0 2,080 45,017 4.9 2,080 - - - Industrial machinery repairers.............................. 42,310 4.9 2,080 42,310 4.9 2,080 - - - Millwrights................................................. 47,222 1.7 2,080 47,222 1.7 2,080 - - - Mechanics and repairers, n.e.c.............................. 41,226 3.5 2,080 41,381 3.6 2,080 - - - Supervisors, construction trades, n.e.c..................... 51,179 6.9 2,080 54,336 9.3 2,080 - - - Electricians................................................ 48,905 1.6 2,076 48,517 1.4 2,080 - - - Plumbers, pipefitters and steamfitters...................... 50,186 3.8 2,080 50,168 3.9 2,080 - - - Construction trades, n.e.c.................................. 34,191 8.1 2,077 - - - - - - Supervisors, production..................................... 43,205 8.0 2,113 43,205 8.0 2,113 - - - Tool and die makers......................................... 46,768 3.2 2,080 46,768 3.2 2,080 - - - Tool and die maker apprentices.............................. 34,865 10.1 2,080 34,865 10.1 2,080 - - - Machinists.................................................. 42,272 3.8 2,080 42,272 3.8 2,080 - - - Precision grinders, filers, and tool sharpeners............. 46,284 7.1 2,080 46,284 7.1 2,080 - - - Patternmakers, layout workers, and cutters.................. 50,954 6.9 2,080 50,954 6.9 2,080 - - - Butchers and meat cutters................................... 30,335 7.7 2,080 30,335 7.7 2,080 - - - Inspectors, testers, and graders............................ 42,875 8.6 2,080 42,875 8.6 2,080 - - - Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors..................... $32,698 3.1 2,082 $32,701 3.1 2,082 ± ± ± Punching and stamping press operators....................... 33,243 12.7 2,080 33,243 12.7 2,080 - - - Fabricating machine operators, n.e.c........................ 42,807 1.4 2,080 42,807 1.4 2,080 - - - Textile sewing machine operators............................ 25,246 29.7 2,080 25,246 29.7 2,080 - - - Laundering and dry cleaning machine operators............... 16,173 5.1 2,055 15,298 1.8 2,054 - - - Packaging and filling machine operators..................... 21,799 10.3 2,073 21,799 10.3 2,073 - - - Miscellaneous machine operators, n.e.c...................... 25,892 6.8 2,080 25,892 6.8 2,080 - - - Welders and cutters......................................... 36,215 7.9 2,080 36,215 7.9 2,080 - - - Assemblers.................................................. 35,722 4.0 2,080 35,722 4.0 2,080 - - - Production inspectors, checkers and examiners............... 31,408 10.7 2,080 31,408 10.7 2,080 - - - Transportation and material moving................................ 34,204 4.2 2,035 36,880 4.5 2,101 $23,785 3.9 1,774 Truck drivers............................................... 33,687 8.3 2,156 35,027 9.1 2,171 - - - Bus drivers................................................. 20,972 5.2 1,684 - - - 21,451 4.4 1,662 Crane and tower operators................................... 38,905 5.2 2,080 38,905 5.2 2,080 - - - Industrial truck and tractor equipment operators............ 32,799 6.8 2,080 32,799 6.8 2,080 - - - Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers............... 24,143 3.9 2,078 23,834 4.2 2,080 27,102 7.5 2,064 Groundskeepers and gardeners, except farm................... 27,119 9.9 2,043 - - - 27,119 9.9 2,043 Stock handlers and baggers.................................. 25,081 7.1 2,080 25,081 7.1 2,080 - - - Freight, stock, and material handlers, n.e.c................ 22,597 6.3 2,077 22,597 6.3 2,077 - - - Vehicle washers and equipment cleaners...................... 24,072 9.0 2,080 24,072 9.0 2,080 - - - Hand packers and packagers.................................. 20,017 7.0 2,080 20,017 7.0 2,080 - - - Laborers, except construction, n.e.c........................ 27,388 11.1 2,080 26,854 12.6 2,080 - - - Service............................................................. 22,703 3.9 2,053 18,661 3.3 2,069 31,286 4.1 2,019 Protective service............................................ 29,852 9.9 2,146 15,016 7.3 2,080 39,617 2.4 2,190 Firefighting................................................ 41,807 3.9 2,661 - - - 41,807 3.9 2,661 Police and detectives, public service....................... 40,552 2.5 2,090 - - - 40,552 2.5 2,090 Correctional institution officers........................... 34,091 3.7 2,085 - - - 34,091 3.7 2,085 Guards and police, except public service.................... 15,014 7.8 2,080 14,990 7.8 2,080 - - - Food service.................................................. 17,040 6.9 2,024 17,184 7.3 2,069 14,956 10.1 1,375 Cooks....................................................... 18,290 3.3 1,989 18,622 3.2 2,070 - - - Food preparation, n.e.c..................................... 14,842 9.5 1,943 14,967 10.1 1,990 - - - Health service................................................ 18,197 3.1 2,063 17,963 3.1 2,064 24,235 6.0 2,054 Health aides, except nursing................................ 21,479 2.5 2,068 21,236 2.8 2,066 - - - Nursing aides, orderlies and attendants..................... 17,321 2.6 2,062 17,152 2.5 2,063 - - - Cleaning and building service................................. 24,407 3.9 2,067 23,513 5.1 2,068 26,637 4.8 2,063 Maids and housemen.......................................... 15,301 2.9 2,079 - - - - - - Janitors and cleaners....................................... 25,279 4.2 2,064 24,560 5.8 2,065 26,716 4.9 2,063 Personal service.............................................. $17,555 8.0 1,814 ± ± ± $18,101 9.8 1,625 Child care workers, n.e.c................................... 19,674 10.5 1,733 - - - 20,262 10.6 1,701 1 Earnings are the straight-time annual wages or salaries paid to employees. They include incentive pay, cost-of-living adjustments, and hazard pay. Excluded are premium pay for overtime, vacations, holidays, nonproduction bonuses, and tips. The mean is computed by totaling the pay of all workers and dividing by the number of workers, weighted by hours. 2 Employees are classified as working either a full-time or a part-time schedule based on the definition used by each establishment. Therefore, a worker with a 35-hour-per-week schedule might be considered a full-time employee in one establishment, but classified as part-time in another firm, where a 40-hour week is the minimum full-time schedule. 3 A classification system including about 480 individual occupations is used to cover all workers in the civilian economy. See appendix B for more information. 4 The relative standard error (RSE) is the standard error expressed as a percent of the estimate. It can be used to calculate a "confidence interval" around a sample estimate. For more information about RSEs, see appendix A. 5 Mean annual hours are the hours an employee is scheduled to work in a year, exclusive of overtime. NOTE: Dashes indicate that no data were reported or that data did not meet publication criteria, and n.e.c. means "not elsewhere classified." Overall occupational groups may include data for categories not shown separately. Table 4-1.Selected occupations(1) and levels,(2) all workers:(3) Mean hourly earnings,(4) private industry and State and local government, National Compensation Survey, Detroit-Ann Arbor-Flint, MI, July 1998 Total Private industry State and local government Occupation and level Relative Relative Relative Mean error(5) Mean error(5) Mean error(5) (percent) (percent) (percent) All................................................................... $18.59 1.9 $18.05 2.1 $21.41 3.4 All excluding sales............................................... 18.79 1.9 18.26 2.2 21.41 3.4 White collar........................................................ 22.27 2.3 21.58 2.7 25.05 4.2 1....................................................... 7.25 3.5 7.22 3.5 7.89 17.2 2....................................................... 9.54 4.9 9.49 5.5 9.85 7.7 3....................................................... 10.74 2.8 10.68 2.9 11.64 4.9 4....................................................... 13.08 3.1 12.99 4.0 13.32 3.5 5....................................................... 14.13 4.4 14.84 5.4 12.07 4.8 6....................................................... 18.46 8.4 16.02 2.8 30.40 17.4 7....................................................... 19.75 2.4 20.03 2.5 17.88 8.3 8....................................................... 24.79 4.2 21.04 3.2 34.09 5.1 9....................................................... 26.43 3.0 24.31 2.1 31.50 6.2 10........................................................ 25.43 4.1 25.84 4.7 23.70 7.4 11........................................................ 32.54 3.3 31.91 4.0 35.47 5.0 12........................................................ 35.58 2.7 35.70 2.7 33.94 9.4 13........................................................ 39.84 10.1 44.21 2.8 - - 14........................................................ 47.54 8.0 47.47 8.2 - - Not able to be leveled.................................... 34.07 12.5 36.27 15.2 27.32 9.3 White collar excluding sales.................................... 23.16 2.3 22.61 2.7 25.06 4.2 1....................................................... 7.95 4.5 7.96 4.5 7.89 17.5 2....................................................... 10.22 4.9 10.30 5.6 9.89 7.8 3....................................................... 11.23 2.6 11.20 2.7 11.64 4.9 4....................................................... 12.82 2.9 12.60 3.9 13.32 3.5 5....................................................... 13.74 3.8 14.48 4.6 12.07 4.8 6....................................................... 18.66 8.8 16.08 3.0 30.40 17.4 7....................................................... 19.49 2.4 19.76 2.4 17.88 8.3 8....................................................... 25.55 4.3 21.54 3.5 34.09 5.1 9....................................................... 26.59 3.1 24.35 2.0 31.50 6.2 10........................................................ 25.40 4.2 25.81 4.8 23.70 7.4 11........................................................ 32.38 3.5 31.65 4.3 35.47 5.0 12........................................................ 35.59 2.7 35.71 2.8 33.94 9.4 13........................................................ 39.84 10.1 44.21 2.8 - - 14........................................................ 47.54 8.0 47.47 8.2 - - Not able to be leveled.................................... 34.33 12.9 36.75 15.9 27.32 9.3 Professional specialty and technical.............................. 26.97 2.3 25.68 2.5 30.27 5.0 Professional specialty.......................................... 29.31 2.4 27.91 2.7 32.21 4.8 5....................................................... 11.73 8.1 14.36 4.9 11.28 8.5 6....................................................... 29.40 17.0 17.49 5.2 39.97 10.8 7....................................................... 20.00 4.1 20.54 2.6 17.68 16.4 8....................................................... 29.14 4.9 22.24 3.2 36.21 4.5 9....................................................... 27.83 4.0 23.94 1.8 34.15 6.1 10........................................................ 25.90 6.4 26.87 7.5 23.34 11.3 11........................................................ 32.87 4.4 32.13 5.5 35.95 4.9 12........................................................ 34.49 3.8 34.36 3.9 - - 13........................................................ $31.98 29.1 $47.13 6.9 - - Not able to be leveled.................................... 29.95 11.2 31.25 17.1 $27.94 9.3 Engineers, architects, and surveyors.......................... 30.65 3.6 30.65 3.6 ± ± 9....................................................... 25.18 2.4 25.18 2.4 - - 10........................................................ 28.36 3.0 28.36 3.0 - - 11........................................................ 32.64 8.0 32.64 8.0 - - 12........................................................ 31.94 2.7 31.94 2.7 - - Industrial engineers........................................ 28.05 1.9 28.05 1.9 - - Mechanical engineers........................................ 31.20 11.9 31.20 11.9 - - 9....................................................... 25.60 6.0 25.60 6.0 - - 11........................................................ 39.55 13.1 39.55 13.1 - - Engineers, n.e.c............................................ 31.42 2.7 31.42 2.7 - - 9....................................................... 24.76 2.1 24.76 2.1 - - 11........................................................ 30.04 2.3 30.04 2.3 - - 12........................................................ 33.06 2.5 33.06 2.5 - - Mathematical and computer scientists.......................... 28.02 5.0 28.03 5.0 ± ± 9....................................................... 23.46 4.5 23.46 4.5 - - 10........................................................ 27.21 6.3 27.33 6.9 - - 11........................................................ 29.97 4.6 29.97 4.6 - - Computer systems analysts and scientists.................... 28.05 6.4 28.06 6.4 - - 9....................................................... 24.72 5.7 24.72 5.7 - - 10........................................................ 27.21 6.3 27.33 6.9 - - 11........................................................ 31.56 2.2 31.56 2.2 - - 12........................................................ 33.53 5.4 33.53 5.4 - - Operations and systems researchers and analysts............. 28.16 7.2 28.16 7.2 - - 9....................................................... 21.14 4.8 21.14 4.8 - - Natural scientists............................................ 20.77 18.8 29.25 11.2 ± ± Health related................................................ 22.99 2.8 22.85 2.9 24.32 8.9 6....................................................... 18.02 3.7 18.01 3.8 - - 7....................................................... 20.46 3.0 20.50 3.0 - - 8....................................................... 21.39 2.6 21.43 2.8 20.82 3.0 9....................................................... 21.73 2.2 21.71 2.3 - - 10........................................................ 28.59 10.8 30.67 12.6 - - 11........................................................ 27.99 6.8 29.13 7.6 - - Not able to be leveled.................................... 26.42 19.9 27.80 22.9 - - Physicians.................................................. 31.02 18.2 31.28 20.9 - - Not able to be leveled.................................... 26.42 19.9 27.80 22.9 - - Registered nurses........................................... 22.02 1.9 22.00 2.0 22.24 4.1 6....................................................... 18.80 2.7 18.80 2.8 - - 7....................................................... 20.90 3.1 20.90 3.1 - - 8....................................................... 21.33 1.1 21.38 1.2 20.82 3.0 9....................................................... 21.19 2.1 21.25 2.2 - - 10........................................................ 24.80 12.3 - - - - 11........................................................ 30.06 7.4 30.62 8.4 - - Dietitians.................................................. 15.79 8.9 - - - - Physical therapists......................................... 24.01 7.9 - - - - Teachers, college and university.............................. $38.01 13.9 $37.26 6.8 $38.11 15.8 8....................................................... 50.96 10.9 - - - - 9....................................................... 38.48 10.8 31.85 9.8 - - 10........................................................ 36.01 8.4 37.27 8.9 - - 11........................................................ 36.28 4.2 37.88 11.7 36.10 4.4 Engineering teachers........................................ 61.84 7.3 - - - - Health specialities teachers................................ 32.86 10.0 - - - - Teachers, post secondary, n.e.c............................. 46.59 14.5 46.59 14.5 - - Teachers, post secondary, subject not specified............. 29.40 18.3 - - 28.92 20.3 Teachers, except college and university....................... 35.53 4.5 19.37 7.5 36.06 4.6 5....................................................... 10.83 8.9 - - - - 6....................................................... 39.51 10.9 - - 41.25 10.1 8....................................................... 37.38 4.7 25.03 8.6 37.71 4.8 9....................................................... 35.76 6.0 - - 36.05 6.0 Prekindergarten and kindergarten............................ 33.77 10.2 - - 34.35 10.2 Elementary school teachers.................................. 36.16 4.7 - - 36.43 4.7 6....................................................... 39.07 10.7 - - - - 8....................................................... 36.95 5.4 - - 37.07 5.5 9....................................................... 35.47 7.9 - - 35.54 7.9 Secondary school teachers................................... 38.58 5.1 20.95 9.8 39.94 4.9 8....................................................... 37.88 8.1 - - 38.70 8.2 9....................................................... 37.77 5.3 - - - - Teachers, special education................................. 40.98 2.9 - - 40.98 2.9 Teachers, n.e.c............................................. 33.84 22.6 - - 34.12 22.4 Vocational and educational counselors....................... 23.96 28.5 14.48 10.4 - - Librarians, archivists, and curators.......................... 29.04 22.2 ± ± 29.59 21.9 Librarians.................................................. 29.04 22.2 - - 29.59 21.9 Social scientists and urban planners.......................... 18.45 21.9 ± ± ± ± Social, recreation, and religious workers..................... 22.56 13.9 15.01 10.9 24.08 14.7 8....................................................... 20.25 18.2 - - - - 10........................................................ 17.00 13.6 - - - - 11........................................................ 37.30 12.9 - - - - Social workers.............................................. 22.75 13.9 - - 24.33 14.7 8....................................................... 20.25 18.2 - - - - 10........................................................ 17.00 13.6 - - - - 11........................................................ 37.30 12.9 - - - - Lawyers and judges............................................ 48.27 17.3 ± ± ± ± Lawyers..................................................... 48.27 17.3 - - - - Writers, authors, entertainers, athletes, and professionals, n.e.c...................................................... 31.64 6.6 31.33 7.6 ± ± 9....................................................... 24.99 3.5 24.99 3.5 - - Not able to be leveled.................................... 32.29 20.0 31.42 30.8 - - Technical....................................................... 19.34 3.3 20.03 3.1 14.96 10.3 3....................................................... 9.73 4.2 - - - - 4....................................................... 13.68 7.3 13.92 7.6 - - 5....................................................... 13.53 6.4 14.68 3.7 - - 6....................................................... $17.24 4.5 $17.16 5.0 - - 7....................................................... 20.26 3.0 20.77 3.0 $16.64 2.8 8....................................................... 24.01 3.3 24.18 3.4 - - 9....................................................... 23.57 4.8 24.04 5.2 - - 10........................................................ 27.76 8.6 27.76 8.6 - - Clinical laboratory technologists and technicians........... 15.39 15.8 19.04 3.2 - - Health record technologists and technicians................. 14.66 12.5 - - - - Radiologic technicians...................................... 17.37 6.7 17.33 6.9 - - 6....................................................... 15.86 2.8 15.86 2.8 - - Licensed practical nurses................................... 14.98 1.6 15.00 1.7 14.81 5.0 5....................................................... 14.78 3.2 14.78 3.2 - - 6....................................................... 14.31 3.2 14.86 1.3 - - 7....................................................... 15.37 1.9 15.18 2.3 - - Health technologists and technicians, n.e.c................. 13.18 4.1 13.02 4.1 - - 4....................................................... 11.98 3.8 - - - - 5....................................................... 13.41 3.3 13.41 3.3 - - Electrical and electronic technicians....................... 21.22 4.5 21.22 4.5 - - Mechanical engineering technicians.......................... 21.86 6.9 21.86 6.9 - - Engineering technicians, n.e.c.............................. 24.04 5.2 24.07 5.3 - - Drafters.................................................... 22.87 12.5 22.87 12.5 - - Chemical technicians........................................ 19.51 3.9 19.51 3.9 - - Computer programmers........................................ 28.25 1.7 28.25 1.7 - - Technical and related, n.e.c................................ 19.48 7.3 21.88 7.2 17.34 10.5 Executive, administrative, and managerial......................... 30.15 4.2 30.59 4.7 27.04 5.4 6....................................................... 16.84 6.7 16.61 6.9 - - 7....................................................... 18.78 7.1 18.22 7.5 - - 8....................................................... 18.60 8.6 18.37 9.3 - - 9....................................................... 24.52 4.4 24.99 5.2 22.90 7.5 10........................................................ 24.19 6.3 24.16 7.5 - - 11........................................................ 31.58 4.3 30.93 4.2 33.97 12.3 12........................................................ 37.00 3.0 37.58 2.9 32.31 11.6 13........................................................ 43.39 2.7 43.60 2.8 - - 14........................................................ 52.96 11.3 53.06 11.8 - - Not able to be leveled.................................... 48.82 21.7 50.00 22.2 - - Executives, administrators, and managers...................... 34.08 6.0 34.24 6.6 32.59 6.4 7....................................................... 15.99 9.8 15.99 9.8 - - 8....................................................... 17.16 21.1 17.16 21.1 - - 9....................................................... 26.04 7.0 25.86 8.2 - - 10........................................................ 23.88 11.2 23.85 11.4 - - 11........................................................ 32.20 5.5 31.44 5.5 34.64 14.1 12........................................................ 37.53 3.4 38.44 2.9 32.31 11.6 13........................................................ 43.39 2.7 43.60 2.8 - - 14........................................................ 58.66 12.3 59.15 12.8 - - Not able to be leveled.................................... 65.85 28.1 70.05 29.1 - - Administrators and officials, public administration......... 29.98 6.0 - - 29.98 6.0 Financial managers.......................................... $36.06 13.8 $36.57 14.0 - - Managers, marketing, advertising, and public relations...... 41.86 7.4 41.86 7.4 - - Administrators, education and related fields................ 40.83 12.4 20.12 10.2 - - Managers, medicine and health............................... 28.66 13.0 29.04 14.5 - - Managers, food servicing and lodging establishments......... 14.05 13.7 14.05 13.7 - - Managers and administrators, n.e.c.......................... 37.45 7.6 37.58 7.6 - - 9....................................................... 25.93 11.4 26.01 11.8 - - 10........................................................ 26.23 18.5 26.23 18.5 - - 11........................................................ 31.53 6.0 31.53 6.0 - - 12........................................................ 37.14 3.8 37.46 3.7 - - 14........................................................ 60.25 13.6 60.25 13.6 - - Management related............................................ 24.66 3.0 25.13 3.5 $22.19 3.2 6....................................................... 16.66 6.0 16.13 6.0 - - 7....................................................... 20.92 3.7 20.52 4.8 - - 8....................................................... 19.51 3.4 19.25 3.8 - - 9....................................................... 23.21 4.2 24.10 5.3 - - 10........................................................ 24.58 3.4 24.75 3.1 - - 11........................................................ 29.69 3.6 29.56 4.2 - - 12........................................................ 35.47 7.0 35.47 7.0 - - Accountants and auditors.................................... 22.10 4.9 22.09 5.0 - - 8....................................................... 20.31 5.1 20.31 5.1 - - 9....................................................... 26.00 8.8 26.39 9.2 - - Other financial officers.................................... 30.19 15.2 32.47 15.6 - - Management analysts......................................... 21.93 13.0 21.43 13.6 - - Personnel, training, and labor relations specialists........ 23.89 9.5 24.22 11.3 - - Purchasing agents and buyers, n.e.c......................... 27.22 9.2 27.34 9.3 - - Construction inspectors..................................... 21.39 2.6 - - 21.39 2.6 Management related, n.e.c................................... 24.63 6.1 24.85 7.0 - - 7....................................................... 19.63 3.3 19.35 3.6 - - 8....................................................... 21.81 2.9 - - - - 9....................................................... 24.07 5.6 25.81 6.6 - - 10........................................................ 24.33 6.0 24.33 6.0 - - 12........................................................ 32.17 1.8 32.17 1.8 - - Sales............................................................. 15.34 7.2 15.35 7.2 ± ± 1....................................................... 6.81 4.3 6.80 4.3 - - 2....................................................... 8.09 4.4 8.10 4.5 - - 3....................................................... 8.49 9.0 8.49 9.0 - - 4....................................................... 14.52 13.7 14.52 13.7 - - 5....................................................... 16.04 14.2 16.04 14.2 - - 7....................................................... 22.49 10.2 22.49 10.2 - - 8....................................................... 18.04 4.1 18.04 4.1 - - 9....................................................... 23.88 13.5 23.88 13.5 - - 11........................................................ 34.98 9.1 34.98 9.1 - - Supervisors, sales.......................................... 19.15 13.9 19.15 13.9 - - Advertising and related sales............................... 20.18 13.4 20.18 13.4 - - Sales, other business services.............................. $19.14 14.3 $19.14 14.3 - - Sales representatives, mining, manufacturing, and wholesale. 23.70 12.9 23.70 12.9 - - Sales workers, furniture and home furnishings............... 12.56 20.9 12.56 20.9 - - Sales workers, other commodities............................ 10.63 10.6 10.63 10.6 - - 1....................................................... 6.98 5.5 6.98 5.5 - - 3....................................................... 9.18 16.7 9.18 16.7 - - Cashiers.................................................... 7.75 4.0 7.76 4.0 - - 1....................................................... 7.03 10.3 7.03 10.4 - - 2....................................................... 8.03 4.8 8.04 4.9 - - 3....................................................... 7.72 8.1 7.72 8.1 - - Administrative support, including clerical........................ 13.15 2.4 13.14 2.9 $13.18 2.5 1....................................................... 7.95 4.5 7.96 4.5 7.89 17.5 2....................................................... 10.19 5.0 10.24 5.8 9.97 7.9 3....................................................... 11.28 2.7 11.24 2.8 11.83 5.1 4....................................................... 12.75 3.1 12.44 4.4 13.42 3.6 5....................................................... 14.11 5.5 14.33 6.9 13.42 5.4 6....................................................... 15.21 4.3 15.24 4.5 14.72 3.9 7....................................................... 17.76 5.2 17.96 5.8 - - 8....................................................... 19.65 6.8 19.97 9.0 - - Supervisors, general office................................. 18.26 6.5 18.39 8.4 - - Supervisors, financial records processing................... 19.55 10.8 19.55 10.8 - - Computer operators.......................................... 17.97 10.9 18.76 12.8 - - 5....................................................... 15.11 2.4 - - - - Secretaries................................................. 14.84 5.1 15.58 6.4 13.60 5.1 3....................................................... 11.46 3.7 10.88 3.3 - - 4....................................................... 14.80 5.2 15.12 6.7 14.30 7.1 5....................................................... 15.45 14.0 19.31 12.7 - - 6....................................................... 15.58 6.3 16.16 7.1 - - 7....................................................... 18.77 6.2 - - - - Typists..................................................... 9.73 6.9 10.42 8.7 - - Interviewers................................................ 10.16 6.0 - - - - Receptionists............................................... 9.84 6.9 9.85 6.9 - - 3....................................................... 10.28 6.8 10.28 6.8 - - Order clerks................................................ 12.03 7.0 12.03 7.0 - - Personnel clerks, except payroll and timekeeping............ 14.64 6.2 12.75 7.0 - - Library clerks.............................................. 11.04 11.9 - - 9.90 12.7 1....................................................... 6.84 11.2 - - - - Records clerks, n.e.c....................................... 10.78 11.7 9.61 12.7 - - Bookkeepers, accounting and auditing clerks................. 11.33 5.5 10.92 5.5 - - 3....................................................... 9.63 3.8 9.63 3.8 - - 4....................................................... 12.00 7.4 11.00 5.6 - - 5....................................................... 11.77 12.4 11.31 12.5 - - Payroll and timekeeping clerks.............................. 12.78 8.7 12.78 8.7 - - Billing clerks.............................................. 10.94 4.5 10.68 4.6 - - 4....................................................... 10.47 5.3 10.47 5.3 - - Telephone operators......................................... $11.18 12.5 $11.18 12.5 - - 2....................................................... 12.44 10.3 12.44 10.3 - - Production coordinators..................................... 19.69 12.2 19.69 12.2 - - Traffic, shipping and receiving clerks...................... 12.10 10.0 12.10 10.0 - - 4....................................................... 13.40 11.1 13.40 11.1 - - Stock and inventory clerks.................................. 10.21 9.0 10.21 9.0 - - Material recording, scheduling, and distribution clerks, n.e.c.................................................... 15.53 12.1 15.53 12.1 - - Insurance adjusters, examiners, and investigators........... 13.69 2.9 13.69 2.9 - - Investigators and adjusters, except insurance............... 12.08 11.0 12.08 11.0 - - Bill and account collectors................................. 12.30 8.1 12.30 8.1 - - General office clerks....................................... 12.41 3.7 12.77 6.4 $12.04 3.1 1....................................................... 7.78 6.5 - - - - 2....................................................... 9.26 5.3 9.53 4.8 - - 3....................................................... 11.06 4.7 11.04 5.1 - - 4....................................................... 12.21 2.7 12.43 2.9 12.15 3.3 5....................................................... 19.64 8.4 20.81 6.6 - - Bank tellers................................................ 10.13 3.7 10.13 3.7 - - 3....................................................... 9.97 5.3 9.97 5.3 - - Data entry keyers........................................... 8.54 12.9 - - - - Teachers' aides............................................. 10.93 4.9 - - 10.97 4.9 2....................................................... 10.68 3.2 - - - - Administrative support, n.e.c............................... 13.26 5.4 12.96 6.7 14.36 5.7 3....................................................... 10.72 4.6 10.77 4.7 - - 4....................................................... 13.08 6.6 11.79 7.2 - - 6....................................................... 14.10 11.7 - - - - Blue collar......................................................... 16.59 2.0 16.64 2.2 15.73 4.6 1....................................................... 8.41 3.1 8.41 3.1 - - 2....................................................... 10.96 5.0 10.81 5.7 12.00 3.9 3....................................................... 16.91 3.0 17.11 3.1 12.92 4.6 4....................................................... 16.43 3.7 16.46 3.7 - - 5....................................................... 15.58 3.1 15.54 3.2 16.46 4.1 6....................................................... 18.62 3.9 18.97 4.2 - - 7....................................................... 21.51 2.2 21.63 2.4 20.26 3.4 8....................................................... 23.99 2.5 24.23 2.5 - - 9....................................................... 28.22 3.4 28.22 3.4 - - Precision production, craft, and repair........................... 20.53 1.8 20.65 1.9 19.01 4.4 3....................................................... 13.30 9.0 13.40 11.9 - - 4....................................................... 14.56 8.3 14.49 8.5 - - 5....................................................... 16.35 4.0 16.31 4.1 - - 6....................................................... 18.97 4.8 19.21 5.1 - - 7....................................................... 21.56 2.3 21.68 2.5 20.24 3.6 8....................................................... 23.68 2.6 23.91 2.6 - - 9....................................................... 28.22 3.4 28.22 3.4 - - Supervisors, mechanics and repairers........................ $22.09 9.1 $22.19 9.6 - - Automobile mechanics........................................ 18.27 7.4 - - - - Bus, truck, and stationary engine mechanics................. 15.93 7.6 - - - - Heavy equipment mechanics................................... 20.89 5.0 21.64 4.9 - - 7....................................................... 21.17 5.5 - - - - Industrial machinery repairers.............................. 20.34 4.9 20.34 4.9 - - 7....................................................... 22.30 4.0 22.30 4.0 - - Millwrights................................................. 22.70 1.7 22.70 1.7 - - 7....................................................... 22.70 1.7 22.70 1.7 - - Mechanics and repairers, n.e.c.............................. 19.82 3.5 19.89 3.6 - - 7....................................................... 22.89 2.8 23.42 2.7 - - Supervisors, construction trades, n.e.c..................... 24.61 6.9 26.12 9.3 - - Electricians................................................ 23.55 1.5 23.33 1.4 - - 7....................................................... 23.64 1.5 23.42 1.4 - - Plumbers, pipefitters and steamfitters...................... 24.13 3.8 24.12 3.9 - - 7....................................................... 25.03 2.6 25.06 2.7 - - Construction trades, n.e.c.................................. 16.46 8.2 - - - - Supervisors, production..................................... 20.45 7.4 20.45 7.4 - - 8....................................................... 23.80 3.4 23.80 3.4 - - Tool and die makers......................................... 22.48 3.2 22.48 3.2 - - 7....................................................... 22.87 2.8 22.87 2.8 - - Tool and die maker apprentices.............................. 16.76 10.1 16.76 10.1 - - Machinists.................................................. 20.32 3.8 20.32 3.8 - - 7....................................................... 20.62 3.9 20.62 3.9 - - Precision grinders, filers, and tool sharpeners............. 22.25 7.1 22.25 7.1 - - Patternmakers, layout workers, and cutters.................. 24.50 6.9 24.50 6.9 - - Butchers and meat cutters................................... 14.58 7.7 14.58 7.7 - - Inspectors, testers, and graders............................ 20.61 8.6 20.61 8.6 - - Stationary engineers........................................ 19.40 2.5 - - - - Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors..................... 15.55 3.2 15.55 3.2 ± ± 1....................................................... 7.96 4.8 7.93 4.9 - - 2....................................................... 10.15 4.9 10.15 4.9 - - 3....................................................... 17.39 3.6 17.39 3.6 - - 4....................................................... 17.06 4.1 17.06 4.1 - - 5....................................................... 15.41 5.5 15.41 5.5 - - 6....................................................... 18.44 4.6 - - - - 7....................................................... 18.45 2.6 - - - - Punching and stamping press operators....................... 15.98 12.7 15.98 12.7 - - 3....................................................... 17.80 8.2 17.80 8.2 - - Fabricating machine operators, n.e.c........................ 20.58 1.4 20.58 1.4 - - 3....................................................... 20.36 3.5 20.36 3.5 - - 4....................................................... 20.70 .8 20.70 .8 - - Textile sewing machine operators............................ 12.14 29.7 12.14 29.7 - - Laundering and dry cleaning machine operators............... 7.83 4.7 7.42 .7 - - 1....................................................... 7.83 4.7 7.42 .7 - - Packaging and filling machine operators..................... $10.51 10.4 $10.51 10.4 - - Miscellaneous machine operators, n.e.c...................... 12.45 6.8 12.45 6.8 - - 3....................................................... 10.34 8.0 10.34 8.0 - - 4....................................................... 16.58 4.5 16.58 4.5 - - Welders and cutters......................................... 17.41 7.9 17.41 7.9 - - Assemblers.................................................. 16.73 4.5 16.73 4.5 - - 1....................................................... 7.47 7.8 7.47 7.8 - - 3....................................................... 18.89 2.6 18.89 2.6 - - 4....................................................... 15.91 10.2 15.91 10.2 - - Production inspectors, checkers and examiners............... 15.10 10.7 15.10 10.7 - - Transportation and material moving................................ 15.74 4.6 16.28 5.2 $13.23 3.3 2....................................................... 12.07 14.7 11.88 20.2 12.61 3.8 3....................................................... 16.33 5.2 17.53 5.2 12.32 5.1 4....................................................... 16.95 7.2 17.09 7.4 - - 5....................................................... 15.80 7.2 15.81 11.0 - - Truck drivers............................................... 15.38 5.9 16.00 6.3 - - 3....................................................... 16.96 11.1 16.96 11.1 - - Bus drivers................................................. 12.91 11.9 - - 12.94 3.6 2....................................................... 13.34 21.8 - - - - 3....................................................... 11.69 6.6 - - 12.32 5.1 Crane and tower operators................................... 18.70 5.2 18.70 5.2 - - Industrial truck and tractor equipment operators............ 15.77 6.8 15.77 6.8 - - 3....................................................... 18.19 4.6 18.19 4.6 - - 4....................................................... 15.31 10.1 15.31 10.1 - - Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers............... 10.62 3.8 10.42 4.1 12.95 6.8 1....................................................... 8.48 3.8 8.48 3.8 - - 2....................................................... 10.97 5.1 10.87 6.2 11.39 4.9 3....................................................... 13.95 9.0 13.79 10.5 - - 4....................................................... 12.38 11.8 12.38 11.8 - - Groundskeepers and gardeners, except farm................... 12.85 8.6 - - 12.85 8.6 Stock handlers and baggers.................................. 9.24 6.7 9.24 6.7 - - 1....................................................... 6.82 3.7 6.82 3.7 - - Freight, stock, and material handlers, n.e.c................ 11.03 5.7 11.03 5.7 - - 1....................................................... 9.57 12.1 9.57 12.1 - - 2....................................................... 10.75 9.3 10.75 9.3 - - Vehicle washers and equipment cleaners...................... 11.36 9.6 11.36 9.6 - - 1....................................................... 11.36 9.6 11.36 9.6 - - Hand packers and packagers.................................. 9.46 6.8 9.46 6.8 - - Laborers, except construction, n.e.c........................ 13.17 11.1 12.91 12.6 - - 2....................................................... 13.06 17.8 12.87 19.5 - - Service............................................................. 9.99 3.4 8.31 2.9 14.51 3.3 1....................................................... 7.73 4.0 7.69 4.3 8.05 8.5 2....................................................... 8.89 5.6 8.19 7.0 10.92 4.7 3....................................................... $8.36 4.0 $7.98 3.7 $12.66 5.4 4....................................................... 9.54 6.9 8.94 8.3 11.40 7.8 5....................................................... 12.68 6.1 10.54 9.3 14.59 2.6 6....................................................... 14.61 4.6 - - 16.03 2.3 7....................................................... 17.54 3.6 - - 17.40 4.1 8....................................................... 18.66 2.1 - - 18.66 2.1 9....................................................... 21.74 1.6 - - 21.74 1.6 Protective service............................................ 13.35 9.2 7.28 6.9 17.69 2.1 3....................................................... 6.81 6.6 6.54 4.6 - - 5....................................................... 12.92 7.0 10.25 13.2 14.73 2.5 6....................................................... 16.15 2.5 - - 16.15 2.5 7....................................................... 17.78 4.2 - - 17.78 4.2 8....................................................... 18.62 2.2 - - 18.62 2.2 9....................................................... 21.74 1.6 - - 21.74 1.6 Firefighting................................................ 15.71 2.3 - - 15.71 2.3 Police and detectives, public service....................... 19.26 2.5 - - 19.26 2.5 8....................................................... 18.71 2.8 - - 18.71 2.8 Correctional institution officers........................... 16.35 3.8 - - 16.35 3.8 Crossing guards............................................. 7.05 5.8 - - 7.05 5.8 Guards and police, except public service.................... 7.29 7.3 7.27 7.3 - - 3....................................................... 6.54 4.6 6.54 4.6 - - Protective service, n.e.c................................... 13.30 9.7 - - 13.30 9.7 Food service.................................................. 7.17 4.6 7.05 4.8 9.16 10.0 1....................................................... 6.54 2.7 6.47 2.5 7.43 11.5 2....................................................... 5.82 11.5 5.64 12.0 - - 3....................................................... 7.61 7.2 7.42 7.7 - - 4....................................................... 9.51 6.2 9.19 5.4 - - Bartenders.................................................. 7.28 7.7 7.28 7.7 - - Waiters and waitresses...................................... 3.96 14.9 3.96 14.9 - - 2....................................................... 2.88 1.6 2.88 1.6 - - Cooks....................................................... 8.66 5.3 8.45 5.4 - - 3....................................................... 9.10 2.9 - - - - 4....................................................... 9.05 6.4 - - - - Food counter, fountain, and related......................... 5.93 12.4 5.93 12.4 - - Kitchen workers, food preparation........................... 8.82 4.4 8.76 4.4 - - Food preparation, n.e.c..................................... 6.91 5.3 6.76 5.2 8.25 10.9 1....................................................... 6.61 3.6 - - 7.43 11.5 2....................................................... 6.68 19.6 - - - - 3....................................................... 8.27 5.1 - - - - Health service................................................ 8.87 3.0 8.77 3.0 11.62 5.3 2....................................................... 8.35 3.8 8.23 3.8 - - 3....................................................... 8.72 3.9 8.72 4.0 - - 4....................................................... 10.07 3.5 9.93 3.8 - - Health aides, except nursing................................ 10.34 2.2 10.21 2.5 - - 2....................................................... 9.12 5.9 - - - - 3....................................................... 10.37 2.6 10.37 2.6 - - 4....................................................... $10.73 2.7 - - - - Nursing aides, orderlies and attendants..................... 8.54 2.8 $8.47 2.8 $12.02 9.8 2....................................................... 8.27 4.0 8.23 4.1 - - 3....................................................... 8.51 3.9 8.51 3.9 - - 4....................................................... 9.03 3.8 9.03 3.8 - - Cleaning and building service................................. 11.36 4.2 10.83 5.3 12.79 4.5 1....................................................... 9.64 4.4 9.45 4.2 - - 2....................................................... 12.24 6.9 12.45 11.0 11.96 6.3 3....................................................... 12.75 10.4 11.05 15.7 14.94 3.6 4....................................................... 12.25 5.8 11.43 7.5 13.28 6.8 Maids and housemen.......................................... 7.17 2.7 7.10 2.7 - - 1....................................................... 7.16 3.7 7.07 3.7 - - Janitors and cleaners....................................... 11.82 4.4 11.35 5.9 12.83 4.6 1....................................................... 10.25 5.4 10.07 5.3 - - 2....................................................... 12.73 6.5 13.39 9.8 11.97 6.4 3....................................................... 12.85 11.1 11.01 17.9 14.94 3.6 4....................................................... 12.92 6.8 - - 13.28 6.8 Personal service.............................................. 8.63 5.7 7.45 4.0 9.96 8.0 1....................................................... 6.73 6.0 - - 6.87 9.8 2....................................................... 8.14 9.0 - - 8.97 7.4 3....................................................... 8.09 5.3 7.66 4.5 10.80 8.7 4....................................................... 8.89 3.9 - - - - Early childhood teachers' assistants........................ 7.45 13.8 - - - - Child care workers, n.e.c................................... 9.85 9.9 - - 10.09 10.1 1....................................................... 6.84 11.8 - - 6.84 11.8 2....................................................... 9.05 5.9 - - 9.51 3.1 Service, n.e.c.............................................. 8.69 6.7 8.43 11.5 - - 1 A classification system including about 480 individual occupations is used to cover all workers in the civilian economy. See appendix B for more information. 2 Each occupation for which data are collected in an establishment is evaluated based on 10 factors, including knowledge, complexity, work environment, etc. Points are assigned based on the occupation's rank within each factor. The points are summed to determine the overall level of the occupation. See appendices C and D for more information. 3 All workers include full-time and part-time workers. 4 Earnings are the straight-time hourly wages or salaries paid to employees. They include incentive pay, cost-of-living adjustments, and hazard pay. Excluded are premium pay for overtime, vacations, holidays, nonproduction bonuses, and tips. The mean is computed by totaling the pay of all workers and dividing by the number of workers, weighted by hours. 5 The relative standard error (RSE) is the standard error expressed as a percent of the estimate. It can be used to calculate a "confidence interval" around a sample estimate. For more information about RSEs, see appendix A. NOTE: Dashes indicate that no data were reported or that data did not meet publication criteria, and n.e.c. means "not elsewhere classified." Overall occupational groups may include data for categories not shown separately. Table 4-2. Selected occupations(1) and levels,(2) full-time workers:(3) Mean hourly earnings,(4) private industry and State and local government, National Compensation Survey, Detroit-Ann Arbor-Flint, MI, July 1998 Total Private industry State and local government Occupation and level Relative Relative Relative Mean error(5) Mean error(5) Mean error(5) (percent) (percent) (percent) All................................................................... $19.50 1.9 $18.98 2.2 $22.15 3.5 All excluding sales............................................... 19.58 1.9 19.05 2.2 22.15 3.5 White collar........................................................ 23.06 2.3 22.41 2.7 25.59 4.3 1....................................................... 8.20 6.1 8.05 5.8 - - 2....................................................... 9.85 5.3 9.84 5.9 9.91 9.3 3....................................................... 11.29 2.7 11.25 2.9 11.73 5.4 4....................................................... 13.26 3.0 13.22 4.0 13.37 3.5 5....................................................... 14.33 4.3 15.17 5.1 12.10 4.8 6....................................................... 18.95 8.9 16.28 2.6 30.65 17.8 7....................................................... 19.63 2.5 19.90 2.5 18.02 8.6 8....................................................... 25.05 4.4 20.95 3.3 34.77 5.2 9....................................................... 26.82 3.0 24.42 2.1 32.93 5.7 10........................................................ 25.49 3.9 25.90 4.3 23.59 8.1 11........................................................ 32.53 3.4 31.89 4.0 35.48 5.0 12........................................................ 35.34 2.6 35.44 2.7 33.94 9.4 13........................................................ 39.84 10.1 44.21 2.8 - - 14........................................................ 47.27 8.0 47.19 8.2 - - Not able to be leveled.................................... 34.98 12.8 36.66 15.3 28.72 8.2 White collar excluding sales.................................... 23.60 2.3 23.02 2.7 25.59 4.3 1....................................................... 8.74 6.4 8.49 6.0 - - 2....................................................... 10.35 5.4 10.45 6.1 9.91 9.3 3....................................................... 11.39 2.8 11.37 2.9 11.73 5.4 4....................................................... 12.94 2.9 12.75 3.9 13.37 3.5 5....................................................... 13.71 4.0 14.47 4.9 12.10 4.8 6....................................................... 19.23 9.3 16.37 2.8 30.65 17.8 7....................................................... 19.33 2.4 19.57 2.3 18.02 8.6 8....................................................... 25.90 4.6 21.48 3.7 34.77 5.2 9....................................................... 27.01 3.1 24.47 2.1 32.93 5.7 10........................................................ 25.46 4.0 25.87 4.4 23.59 8.1 11........................................................ 32.35 3.6 31.62 4.3 35.48 5.0 12........................................................ 35.35 2.7 35.45 2.8 33.94 9.4 13........................................................ 39.84 10.1 44.21 2.8 - - 14........................................................ 47.27 8.0 47.19 8.2 - - Not able to be leveled.................................... 35.30 13.3 37.17 16.0 28.72 8.2 Professional specialty and technical.............................. 27.51 2.4 26.03 2.5 31.25 5.1 Professional specialty.......................................... 29.93 2.5 28.26 2.7 33.34 4.9 5....................................................... 11.81 8.6 - - - - 6....................................................... 30.41 17.9 17.12 6.0 40.62 10.4 7....................................................... 19.45 4.4 19.93 1.8 17.86 16.9 8....................................................... 30.17 5.2 22.20 3.5 37.08 4.6 9....................................................... 28.60 3.9 24.13 1.8 36.32 4.7 10........................................................ 26.30 5.4 27.15 5.3 23.97 13.0 11........................................................ 32.85 4.5 32.09 5.6 35.97 4.9 12........................................................ 34.03 3.6 33.89 3.7 - - 13........................................................ $31.98 29.1 $47.13 6.9 - - Not able to be leveled.................................... 30.87 11.5 31.51 17.0 - - Engineers, architects, and surveyors.......................... 30.65 3.6 30.65 3.6 ± ± 9....................................................... 25.18 2.4 25.18 2.4 - - 10........................................................ 28.36 3.0 28.36 3.0 - - 11........................................................ 32.64 8.0 32.64 8.0 - - 12........................................................ 31.94 2.7 31.94 2.7 - - Industrial engineers........................................ 28.05 1.9 28.05 1.9 - - Mechanical engineers........................................ 31.20 11.9 31.20 11.9 - - 9....................................................... 25.60 6.0 25.60 6.0 - - 11........................................................ 39.55 13.1 39.55 13.1 - - Engineers, n.e.c............................................ 31.42 2.7 31.42 2.7 - - 9....................................................... 24.76 2.1 24.76 2.1 - - 11........................................................ 30.04 2.3 30.04 2.3 - - 12........................................................ 33.06 2.5 33.06 2.5 - - Mathematical and computer scientists.......................... 28.09 4.9 28.10 4.9 ± ± 9....................................................... 23.56 4.5 23.56 4.5 - - 10........................................................ 27.21 6.3 27.33 6.9 - - 11........................................................ 29.97 4.6 29.97 4.6 - - Computer systems analysts and scientists.................... 28.05 6.4 28.06 6.4 - - 9....................................................... 24.72 5.7 24.72 5.7 - - 10........................................................ 27.21 6.3 27.33 6.9 - - 11........................................................ 31.56 2.2 31.56 2.2 - - 12........................................................ 33.53 5.4 33.53 5.4 - - Operations and systems researchers and analysts............. 28.34 7.0 28.34 7.0 - - 9....................................................... 21.31 5.0 21.31 5.0 - - Natural scientists............................................ 20.90 19.1 29.37 11.3 ± ± Health related................................................ 22.68 3.2 22.37 3.3 $25.07 9.6 6....................................................... 17.51 5.0 17.50 5.1 - - 7....................................................... 19.59 1.6 19.61 1.6 - - 8....................................................... 21.25 3.2 21.23 3.4 - - 9....................................................... 22.06 2.6 21.99 2.7 - - 10........................................................ 28.15 11.6 - - - - 11........................................................ 27.85 7.4 29.05 8.5 - - Not able to be leveled.................................... 26.42 19.9 27.80 22.9 - - Physicians.................................................. 27.04 18.3 26.46 21.0 - - Not able to be leveled.................................... 26.42 19.9 27.80 22.9 - - Registered nurses........................................... 22.12 2.4 22.02 2.6 23.01 4.9 6....................................................... 18.61 3.5 - - - - 7....................................................... 20.00 1.7 20.00 1.7 - - 8....................................................... 21.54 1.1 21.55 1.3 - - 9....................................................... 21.52 2.6 21.52 2.8 - - 11........................................................ 30.48 7.5 31.19 8.4 - - Teachers, college and university.............................. 40.89 14.1 38.81 7.4 41.18 16.0 9....................................................... 40.25 9.6 33.59 11.2 - - 10........................................................ 35.79 11.1 35.79 11.1 - - 11........................................................ $36.24 4.3 $37.97 11.9 - - Engineering teachers........................................ 61.96 7.1 - - - - Teachers, post secondary, subject not specified............. 47.39 5.2 - - - - Teachers, except college and university....................... 37.06 4.2 20.36 7.8 $37.58 4.3 6....................................................... 40.08 10.5 - - 41.81 9.5 8....................................................... 38.14 4.8 25.18 8.6 38.49 4.9 9....................................................... 38.26 3.9 - - 38.64 3.9 Prekindergarten and kindergarten............................ 34.49 10.8 - - 34.49 10.8 Elementary school teachers.................................. 37.49 3.6 - - 37.77 3.7 8....................................................... 36.97 5.4 - - 37.07 5.5 9....................................................... 37.84 4.6 - - 37.93 4.6 Secondary school teachers................................... 38.60 5.1 20.99 10.0 39.94 4.9 8....................................................... 37.88 8.1 - - 38.70 8.2 9....................................................... 37.77 5.3 - - - - Teachers, special education................................. 40.98 2.9 - - 40.98 2.9 Vocational and educational counselors....................... 24.10 28.9 - - - - Librarians, archivists, and curators.......................... 32.43 18.6 ± ± 33.33 17.4 Librarians.................................................. 32.43 18.6 - - 33.33 17.4 Social scientists and urban planners.......................... 18.15 22.2 ± ± ± ± Social, recreation, and religious workers..................... 23.25 13.9 ± ± 24.47 14.9 8....................................................... 20.36 18.3 - - - - 11........................................................ 37.30 12.9 - - - - Social workers.............................................. 23.25 13.9 - - 24.47 14.9 8....................................................... 20.36 18.3 - - - - 11........................................................ 37.30 12.9 - - - - Lawyers and judges............................................ 48.27 17.3 ± ± ± ± Lawyers..................................................... 48.27 17.3 - - - - Writers, authors, entertainers, athletes, and professionals, n.e.c...................................................... 31.89 6.4 31.60 7.5 ± ± 9....................................................... 24.99 3.5 24.99 3.5 - - Not able to be leveled.................................... 32.86 19.4 32.25 30.2 - - Technical....................................................... 19.72 3.2 20.46 2.9 15.03 10.9 3....................................................... 9.76 4.3 - - - - 4....................................................... 14.57 5.2 14.94 5.1 - - 5....................................................... 13.25 7.4 14.56 4.6 - - 6....................................................... 17.50 4.6 17.37 5.4 - - 7....................................................... 20.41 3.0 20.90 2.9 16.76 2.8 8....................................................... 24.17 3.3 24.36 3.4 - - 9....................................................... 23.63 4.9 24.04 5.2 - - 10........................................................ 27.76 8.6 27.76 8.6 - - Clinical laboratory technologists and technicians........... 15.20 16.6 19.01 3.5 - - Health record technologists and technicians................. 14.26 12.9 - - - - Radiologic technicians...................................... 17.60 7.4 17.56 7.6 - - Licensed practical nurses................................... 14.78 1.9 14.71 2.0 - - 5....................................................... 14.02 2.7 14.02 2.7 - - 7....................................................... 15.46 2.2 15.25 2.7 - - Health technologists and technicians, n.e.c................. $13.11 4.7 $12.91 4.8 - - 5....................................................... 13.07 4.0 13.07 4.0 - - Electrical and electronic technicians....................... 21.22 4.5 21.22 4.5 - - Mechanical engineering technicians.......................... 21.86 6.9 21.86 6.9 - - Engineering technicians, n.e.c.............................. 24.04 5.2 24.07 5.3 - - Drafters.................................................... 25.23 8.3 25.23 8.3 - - Chemical technicians........................................ 19.51 3.9 19.51 3.9 - - Computer programmers........................................ 28.25 1.7 28.25 1.7 - - Technical and related, n.e.c................................ 19.67 7.3 21.90 7.2 $17.62 10.5 Executive, administrative, and managerial......................... 30.15 4.2 30.60 4.7 27.01 5.5 6....................................................... 16.84 6.7 16.61 6.9 - - 7....................................................... 18.70 7.1 18.13 7.6 - - 8....................................................... 18.60 8.6 18.37 9.3 - - 9....................................................... 24.52 4.4 24.99 5.2 22.90 7.5 10........................................................ 23.98 6.4 24.16 7.5 - - 11........................................................ 31.58 4.3 30.93 4.2 33.97 12.3 12........................................................ 37.00 3.0 37.58 2.9 32.31 11.6 13........................................................ 43.39 2.7 43.60 2.8 - - 14........................................................ 52.96 11.3 53.06 11.8 - - Not able to be leveled.................................... 48.92 21.7 50.00 22.2 - - Executives, administrators, and managers...................... 34.10 6.0 34.24 6.6 32.78 6.4 7....................................................... 15.99 9.8 15.99 9.8 - - 8....................................................... 17.16 21.1 17.16 21.1 - - 9....................................................... 26.04 7.0 25.86 8.2 - - 10........................................................ 23.88 11.2 23.85 11.4 - - 11........................................................ 32.20 5.5 31.44 5.5 34.64 14.1 12........................................................ 37.53 3.4 38.44 2.9 32.31 11.6 13........................................................ 43.39 2.7 43.60 2.8 - - 14........................................................ 58.66 12.3 59.15 12.8 - - Not able to be leveled.................................... 66.15 28.2 70.05 29.1 - - Administrators and officials, public administration......... 29.98 6.0 - - 29.98 6.0 Financial managers.......................................... 36.06 13.8 36.57 14.0 - - Managers, marketing, advertising, and public relations...... 41.86 7.4 41.86 7.4 - - Administrators, education and related fields................ 40.83 12.4 20.12 10.2 - - Managers, medicine and health............................... 28.66 13.0 29.04 14.5 - - Managers, food servicing and lodging establishments......... 14.05 13.7 14.05 13.7 - - Managers and administrators, n.e.c.......................... 37.45 7.6 37.58 7.6 - - 9....................................................... 25.93 11.4 26.01 11.8 - - 10........................................................ 26.23 18.5 26.23 18.5 - - 11........................................................ 31.53 6.0 31.53 6.0 - - 12........................................................ 37.14 3.8 37.46 3.7 - - 14........................................................ 60.25 13.6 60.25 13.6 - - Management related............................................ 24.62 3.0 25.13 3.5 21.92 3.2 6....................................................... 16.66 6.0 16.13 6.0 - - 7....................................................... 20.85 3.8 20.41 5.0 - - 8....................................................... $19.51 3.4 $19.25 3.8 - - 9....................................................... 23.21 4.2 24.10 5.3 - - 10........................................................ 24.12 2.5 24.75 3.1 - - 11........................................................ 29.69 3.6 29.56 4.2 - - 12........................................................ 35.47 7.0 35.47 7.0 - - Accountants and auditors.................................... 22.06 5.0 22.06 5.1 - - 8....................................................... 20.31 5.1 20.31 5.1 - - 9....................................................... 26.00 8.8 26.39 9.2 - - Other financial officers.................................... 30.19 15.2 32.47 15.6 - - Management analysts......................................... 21.43 13.6 21.43 13.6 - - Personnel, training, and labor relations specialists........ 23.89 9.5 24.22 11.3 - - Purchasing agents and buyers, n.e.c......................... 27.22 9.2 27.34 9.3 - - Construction inspectors..................................... 21.39 2.6 - - $21.39 2.6 Management related, n.e.c................................... 24.63 6.1 24.85 7.0 - - 7....................................................... 19.63 3.3 19.35 3.6 - - 8....................................................... 21.81 2.9 - - - - 9....................................................... 24.07 5.6 25.81 6.6 - - 10........................................................ 24.33 6.0 24.33 6.0 - - 12........................................................ 32.17 1.8 32.17 1.8 - - Sales............................................................. 17.88 7.2 17.88 7.2 - - 2....................................................... 8.38 4.5 8.38 4.5 - - 3....................................................... 10.16 10.7 10.16 10.7 - - 4....................................................... 15.23 14.2 15.23 14.2 - - 5....................................................... 18.06 10.5 18.06 10.5 - - 7....................................................... 22.49 10.2 22.49 10.2 - - 8....................................................... 18.04 4.1 18.04 4.1 - - 9....................................................... 23.88 13.5 23.88 13.5 - - 11........................................................ 34.98 9.1 34.98 9.1 - - Supervisors, sales.......................................... 19.15 13.9 19.15 13.9 - - Sales, other business services.............................. 19.14 14.3 19.14 14.3 - - Sales representatives, mining, manufacturing, and wholesale. 23.70 12.9 23.70 12.9 - - Sales workers, other commodities............................ 12.85 11.5 12.85 11.5 - - Cashiers.................................................... 8.65 6.0 8.65 6.0 - - 2....................................................... 8.31 4.9 8.31 4.9 - - Administrative support, including clerical........................ 13.36 2.5 13.36 3.0 13.37 2.6 1....................................................... 8.74 6.4 8.49 6.0 - - 2....................................................... 10.30 5.6 10.38 6.3 9.91 9.3 3....................................................... 11.45 2.9 11.42 3.0 11.90 5.8 4....................................................... 12.81 3.1 12.52 4.4 13.42 3.6 5....................................................... 14.12 5.6 14.34 7.1 13.42 5.4 6....................................................... 15.60 4.4 15.68 4.6 14.72 3.9 7....................................................... 17.89 4.9 18.11 5.3 - - 8....................................................... 19.65 6.8 19.97 9.0 - - Supervisors, general office................................. 18.26 6.5 18.39 8.4 - - Supervisors, financial records processing................... $19.55 10.8 $19.55 10.8 - - Computer operators.......................................... 17.97 10.9 18.76 12.8 - - 5....................................................... 15.11 2.4 - - - - Secretaries................................................. 14.88 5.1 15.65 6.4 $13.62 5.1 3....................................................... 11.47 3.8 10.88 3.3 - - 4....................................................... 14.82 5.2 15.16 6.7 14.30 7.1 5....................................................... 15.45 14.0 19.31 12.7 - - 6....................................................... 15.58 6.3 16.16 7.1 - - 7....................................................... 18.77 6.2 - - - - Typists..................................................... 9.73 6.9 10.42 8.7 - - Receptionists............................................... 9.87 7.4 9.87 7.4 - - 3....................................................... 10.24 7.0 10.24 7.0 - - Order clerks................................................ 12.22 6.7 12.22 6.7 - - Personnel clerks, except payroll and timekeeping............ 14.64 6.2 12.75 7.0 - - Records clerks, n.e.c....................................... 10.78 12.1 9.62 12.7 - - Bookkeepers, accounting and auditing clerks................. 11.66 5.7 11.24 5.8 - - 4....................................................... 12.00 7.4 11.00 5.6 - - 5....................................................... 11.77 12.4 11.31 12.5 - - Payroll and timekeeping clerks.............................. 14.19 3.8 14.19 3.8 - - Billing clerks.............................................. 10.97 4.7 10.70 4.8 - - 4....................................................... 10.49 5.5 10.49 5.5 - - Telephone operators......................................... 11.24 12.5 11.24 12.5 - - Production coordinators..................................... 19.69 12.2 19.69 12.2 - - Traffic, shipping and receiving clerks...................... 12.10 10.2 12.10 10.2 - - 4....................................................... 13.40 11.1 13.40 11.1 - - Stock and inventory clerks.................................. 10.21 9.0 10.21 9.0 - - Material recording, scheduling, and distribution clerks, n.e.c.................................................... 15.77 11.6 15.77 11.6 - - Insurance adjusters, examiners, and investigators........... 13.69 2.9 13.69 2.9 - - Investigators and adjusters, except insurance............... 12.08 11.0 12.08 11.0 - - Bill and account collectors................................. 12.30 8.1 12.30 8.1 - - General office clerks....................................... 12.61 3.8 13.06 6.5 12.15 3.1 3....................................................... 11.10 5.1 11.09 5.4 - - 4....................................................... 12.21 2.7 12.43 2.9 12.15 3.3 5....................................................... 19.64 8.4 20.81 6.6 - - Bank tellers................................................ 10.62 1.9 10.62 1.9 - - Teachers' aides............................................. 10.81 5.6 - - 10.85 5.6 Administrative support, n.e.c............................... 13.55 5.5 13.08 6.8 - - 3....................................................... 10.76 5.0 10.76 5.0 - - 4....................................................... 13.13 6.7 11.83 7.4 - - 6....................................................... 14.10 11.7 - - - - Blue collar......................................................... 17.07 2.0 17.14 2.1 16.00 4.8 1....................................................... 9.34 3.2 9.34 3.3 - - 2....................................................... 10.96 3.8 10.77 4.4 12.05 4.0 3....................................................... 17.01 3.0 17.16 3.1 13.26 5.5 4....................................................... $16.45 3.7 $16.48 3.8 - - 5....................................................... 15.58 3.1 15.54 3.2 $16.55 4.8 6....................................................... 18.62 3.9 18.97 4.2 - - 7....................................................... 21.51 2.2 21.63 2.4 20.26 3.4 8....................................................... 23.99 2.5 24.23 2.5 - - 9....................................................... 28.22 3.4 28.22 3.4 - - Precision production, craft, and repair........................... 20.54 1.8 20.66 1.9 19.01 4.4 3....................................................... 13.50 9.0 13.69 11.9 - - 4....................................................... 14.56 8.3 14.49 8.5 - - 5....................................................... 16.35 4.0 16.30 4.1 - - 6....................................................... 18.97 4.8 19.21 5.1 - - 7....................................................... 21.56 2.3 21.68 2.5 20.24 3.6 8....................................................... 23.68 2.6 23.91 2.6 - - 9....................................................... 28.22 3.4 28.22 3.4 - - Supervisors, mechanics and repairers........................ 22.09 9.1 22.19 9.6 - - Automobile mechanics........................................ 18.27 7.4 - - - - Bus, truck, and stationary engine mechanics................. 15.93 7.6 - - - - Heavy equipment mechanics................................... 20.89 5.0 21.64 4.9 - - 7....................................................... 21.17 5.5 - - - - Industrial machinery repairers.............................. 20.34 4.9 20.34 4.9 - - 7....................................................... 22.30 4.0 22.30 4.0 - - Millwrights................................................. 22.70 1.7 22.70 1.7 - - 7....................................................... 22.70 1.7 22.70 1.7 - - Mechanics and repairers, n.e.c.............................. 19.82 3.5 19.89 3.6 - - 7....................................................... 22.89 2.8 23.42 2.7 - - Supervisors, construction trades, n.e.c..................... 24.61 6.9 26.12 9.3 - - Electricians................................................ 23.55 1.5 23.33 1.4 - - 7....................................................... 23.64 1.5 23.42 1.4 - - Plumbers, pipefitters and steamfitters...................... 24.13 3.8 24.12 3.9 - - 7....................................................... 25.03 2.6 25.06 2.7 - - Construction trades, n.e.c.................................. 16.46 8.2 - - - - Supervisors, production..................................... 20.45 7.4 20.45 7.4 - - 8....................................................... 23.80 3.4 23.80 3.4 - - Tool and die makers......................................... 22.48 3.2 22.48 3.2 - - 7....................................................... 22.87 2.8 22.87 2.8 - - Tool and die maker apprentices.............................. 16.76 10.1 16.76 10.1 - - Machinists.................................................. 20.32 3.8 20.32 3.8 - - 7....................................................... 20.62 3.9 20.62 3.9 - - Precision grinders, filers, and tool sharpeners............. 22.25 7.1 22.25 7.1 - - Patternmakers, layout workers, and cutters.................. 24.50 6.9 24.50 6.9 - - Butchers and meat cutters................................... 14.58 7.7 14.58 7.7 - - Inspectors, testers, and graders............................ 20.61 8.6 20.61 8.6 - - Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors..................... 15.71 3.1 15.71 3.1 ± ± 1....................................................... 8.31 3.6 8.28 3.7 - - 2....................................................... $10.15 4.9 $10.15 4.9 - - 3....................................................... 17.39 3.6 17.39 3.6 - - 4....................................................... 17.06 4.1 17.06 4.1 - - 5....................................................... 15.41 5.5 15.41 5.5 - - 6....................................................... 18.44 4.6 - - - - 7....................................................... 18.45 2.6 - - - - Punching and stamping press operators....................... 15.98 12.7 15.98 12.7 - - 3....................................................... 17.80 8.2 17.80 8.2 - - Fabricating machine operators, n.e.c........................ 20.58 1.4 20.58 1.4 - - 3....................................................... 20.36 3.5 20.36 3.5 - - 4....................................................... 20.70 .8 20.70 .8 - - Textile sewing machine operators............................ 12.14 29.7 12.14 29.7 - - Laundering and dry cleaning machine operators............... 7.87 4.9 7.45 1.1 - - 1....................................................... 7.87 4.9 7.45 1.1 - - Packaging and filling machine operators..................... 10.51 10.4 10.51 10.4 - - Miscellaneous machine operators, n.e.c...................... 12.45 6.8 12.45 6.8 - - 3....................................................... 10.34 8.0 10.34 8.0 - - 4....................................................... 16.58 4.5 16.58 4.5 - - Welders and cutters......................................... 17.41 7.9 17.41 7.9 - - Assemblers.................................................. 17.17 4.0 17.17 4.0 - - 1....................................................... 8.13 4.3 8.13 4.3 - - 3....................................................... 18.89 2.6 18.89 2.6 - - 4....................................................... 15.91 10.2 15.91 10.2 - - Production inspectors, checkers and examiners............... 15.10 10.7 15.10 10.7 - - Transportation and material moving................................ 16.81 4.0 17.55 4.2 $13.41 3.8 2....................................................... 13.79 8.8 - - - - 3....................................................... 16.92 5.5 17.94 5.0 - - 4....................................................... 17.05 7.3 17.20 7.5 - - 5....................................................... 15.80 7.7 15.81 11.0 - - Truck drivers............................................... 15.63 6.0 16.14 6.4 - - 3....................................................... 16.96 11.1 16.96 11.1 - - 4....................................................... 17.23 6.5 17.23 6.5 - - Bus drivers................................................. 12.45 4.9 - - 12.91 4.2 3....................................................... 11.65 8.1 - - - - Crane and tower operators................................... 18.70 5.2 18.70 5.2 - - Industrial truck and tractor equipment operators............ 15.77 6.8 15.77 6.8 - - 3....................................................... 18.19 4.6 18.19 4.6 - - 4....................................................... 15.31 10.1 15.31 10.1 - - Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers............... 11.62 3.9 11.46 4.2 13.13 7.7 1....................................................... 10.04 4.5 10.04 4.5 - - 2....................................................... 10.99 5.5 10.86 6.9 11.45 5.0 3....................................................... 14.07 9.1 13.82 10.6 - - 4....................................................... 12.38 11.8 12.38 11.8 - - Groundskeepers and gardeners, except farm................... 13.27 10.8 - - 13.27 10.8 Stock handlers and baggers.................................. $12.06 7.1 $12.06 7.1 - - Freight, stock, and material handlers, n.e.c................ 10.88 6.3 10.88 6.3 - - Vehicle washers and equipment cleaners...................... 11.57 9.0 11.57 9.0 - - 1....................................................... 11.57 9.0 11.57 9.0 - - Hand packers and packagers.................................. 9.62 7.0 9.62 7.0 - - Laborers, except construction, n.e.c........................ 13.17 11.1 12.91 12.6 - - 2....................................................... 13.06 17.8 12.87 19.5 - - Service............................................................. 11.06 3.7 9.02 3.4 $15.49 3.4 1....................................................... 9.19 5.6 9.03 5.8 10.87 8.2 2....................................................... 9.80 5.4 9.26 7.1 11.11 5.1 3....................................................... 8.55 4.2 8.12 3.8 13.56 5.0 4....................................................... 9.71 8.2 9.03 10.0 11.67 8.8 5....................................................... 12.90 5.9 10.61 9.9 14.84 1.9 6....................................................... 14.75 4.6 - - 16.38 1.1 7....................................................... 17.54 3.6 - - 17.40 4.1 8....................................................... 18.66 2.1 - - 18.66 2.1 9....................................................... 21.74 1.6 - - 21.74 1.6 Protective service............................................ 13.91 9.2 7.22 7.3 18.09 2.2 5....................................................... 13.19 6.6 - - 14.96 1.7 6....................................................... 16.56 .8 - - 16.56 .8 7....................................................... 17.78 4.2 - - 17.78 4.2 8....................................................... 18.62 2.2 - - 18.62 2.2 9....................................................... 21.74 1.6 - - 21.74 1.6 Firefighting................................................ 15.71 2.3 - - 15.71 2.3 Police and detectives, public service....................... 19.41 2.5 - - 19.41 2.5 8....................................................... 18.71 2.8 - - 18.71 2.8 Correctional institution officers........................... 16.35 3.8 - - 16.35 3.8 Guards and police, except public service.................... 7.22 7.8 7.21 7.8 - - Food service.................................................. 8.42 7.3 8.31 7.6 10.88 5.4 1....................................................... 7.34 8.4 7.02 9.1 - - 2....................................................... 7.04 13.0 6.86 13.6 - - 3....................................................... 7.79 7.6 7.75 7.7 - - 4....................................................... 9.84 5.9 - - - - Cooks....................................................... 9.19 3.6 9.00 3.3 - - Food preparation, n.e.c..................................... 7.64 10.9 7.52 11.2 - - 1....................................................... 7.94 5.4 - - - - Health service................................................ 8.82 3.1 8.70 3.1 11.80 5.6 2....................................................... 8.32 3.9 8.23 4.0 - - 3....................................................... 8.61 3.8 8.61 3.8 - - 4....................................................... 10.40 3.4 10.23 3.8 - - Health aides, except nursing................................ 10.39 2.2 10.28 2.4 - - 3....................................................... 10.37 2.6 10.37 2.6 - - 4....................................................... 10.73 2.7 - - - - Nursing aides, orderlies and attendants..................... 8.40 2.7 8.31 2.6 - - 2....................................................... 8.26 4.1 8.23 4.1 - - 3....................................................... $8.33 3.4 $8.32 3.4 - - Cleaning and building service................................. 11.81 3.8 11.37 4.9 $12.91 4.8 1....................................................... 10.39 3.8 10.22 3.9 - - 2....................................................... 12.30 7.1 12.50 11.2 12.04 6.6 3....................................................... 12.76 10.5 11.05 15.7 15.04 3.7 4....................................................... 12.39 6.1 11.43 7.5 - - Maids and housemen.......................................... 7.36 2.9 - - - - Janitors and cleaners....................................... 12.25 3.7 11.90 5.0 12.95 4.9 1....................................................... 11.02 4.1 10.88 4.2 - - 2....................................................... 12.81 6.6 13.47 9.8 12.06 6.6 3....................................................... 12.87 11.2 11.01 17.9 15.04 3.7 4....................................................... 13.17 7.2 - - - - Personal service.............................................. 9.68 8.2 ± ± 11.14 8.9 Child care workers, n.e.c................................... 11.35 10.3 - - 11.91 10.5 1 A classification system including about 480 individual occupations is used to cover all workers in the civilian economy. See appendix B for more information. 2 Each occupation for which data are collected in an establishment is evaluated based on 10 factors, including knowledge, complexity, work environment, etc. Points are assigned based on the occupation's rank within each factor. The points are summed to determine the overall level of the occupation. See appendices C and D for more information. 3 Employees are classified as working either a full-time or a part-time schedule based on the definition used by each establishment. Therefore, a worker with a 35-hour-per-week schedule might be considered a full-time employee in one establishment, but classified as part-time in another firm, where a 40-hour week is the minimum full-time schedule. 4 Earnings are the straight-time hourly wages or salaries paid to employees. They include incentive pay, cost-of-living adjustments, and hazard pay. Excluded are premium pay for overtime, vacations, holidays, nonproduction bonuses, and tips. The mean is computed by totaling the pay of all workers and dividing by the number of workers, weighted by hours. 5 The relative standard error (RSE) is the standard error expressed as a percent of the estimate. It can be used to calculate a "confidence interval" around a sample estimate. For more information about RSEs, see appendix A. NOTE: Dashes indicate that no data were reported or that data did not meet publication criteria, and n.e.c. means "not elsewhere classified." Overall occupational groups may include data for categories not shown separately. Table 4-3. Selected occupations(1) and levels,(2) part-time workers:(3) Mean hourly earnings,(4) private industry and State and local government, National Compensation Survey, Detroit-Ann Arbor-Flint, MI, July 1998 Total Private industry State and local government Occupation and level Relative Relative Relative Mean error(5) Mean error(5) Mean error(5) (percent) (percent) (percent) All................................................................... $10.13 5.0 $9.81 5.6 $12.35 8.3 All excluding sales............................................... 10.59 5.6 10.28 6.4 12.37 8.3 White collar........................................................ 13.63 5.4 13.23 6.1 16.17 7.5 1....................................................... 6.57 2.5 6.58 2.8 6.44 4.5 2....................................................... 8.37 5.5 8.21 5.8 9.61 10.5 3....................................................... 8.16 6.3 8.04 6.4 - - 4....................................................... 8.68 6.4 8.51 6.2 10.24 15.7 5....................................................... 12.14 8.6 12.22 9.0 - - 6....................................................... 15.52 8.5 - - - - 7....................................................... 20.99 6.7 21.40 6.3 - - 8....................................................... 20.82 5.3 22.08 4.1 13.78 9.3 9....................................................... 18.39 4.7 20.55 2.9 16.77 5.0 10........................................................ 24.46 20.8 24.45 33.4 24.49 17.3 11........................................................ 34.09 8.9 34.17 9.6 - - Not able to be leveled.................................... 20.66 11.2 17.27 47.9 - - White collar excluding sales.................................... 16.67 5.3 16.78 6.4 16.23 7.4 1....................................................... 6.94 2.3 7.10 2.3 6.41 4.5 2....................................................... 9.38 4.5 9.24 5.0 9.80 10.0 3....................................................... 9.40 3.5 9.23 3.4 - - 4....................................................... 9.09 7.8 8.88 7.8 10.24 15.7 5....................................................... 14.22 3.2 14.52 2.9 - - 6....................................................... 15.52 8.5 - - - - 7....................................................... 20.99 6.7 21.40 6.3 - - 8....................................................... 20.82 5.3 22.08 4.1 13.78 9.3 9....................................................... 18.39 4.7 20.55 2.9 16.77 5.0 10........................................................ 24.46 20.8 24.45 33.4 24.49 17.3 11........................................................ 34.09 8.9 34.17 9.6 - - Not able to be leveled.................................... 20.66 11.2 17.27 47.9 - - Professional specialty and technical.............................. 20.63 4.9 21.66 5.9 17.75 6.9 Professional specialty.......................................... 22.29 5.0 24.09 5.6 18.13 7.0 5....................................................... 10.25 6.6 10.72 12.1 - - 6....................................................... 22.72 13.3 18.99 2.7 - - 7....................................................... 22.04 5.6 22.32 5.2 - - 8....................................................... 21.03 5.5 22.45 4.2 13.78 9.3 9....................................................... 18.35 4.8 20.55 2.9 16.62 5.1 10........................................................ 22.76 23.0 24.45 33.4 19.46 5.5 11........................................................ 34.09 8.9 34.17 9.6 - - Not able to be leveled.................................... 21.83 10.1 - - - - Mathematical and computer scientists.......................... ± ± ± ± - - Natural scientists............................................ ± ± ± ± ± ± Health related................................................ 24.04 5.7 24.33 5.8 ± ± 6....................................................... 19.19 2.6 19.19 2.6 - - 7....................................................... 22.55 4.9 22.55 4.9 - - 8....................................................... 21.76 4.3 21.96 4.3 - - 9....................................................... $20.37 2.9 $20.57 3.0 - - Registered nurses........................................... 21.77 3.5 21.96 3.5 - - 7....................................................... 22.69 4.7 22.69 4.7 - - 8....................................................... 20.72 2.6 20.91 2.6 - - 9....................................................... 20.37 2.9 20.57 3.0 - - Teachers, college and university.............................. 23.13 5.4 28.76 17.4 $22.39 3.4 9....................................................... 25.94 3.3 25.94 3.3 - - 10........................................................ 36.41 11.7 - - - - Teachers, post secondary, subject not specified............. 21.61 .9 - - - - Teachers, except college and university....................... 16.93 8.6 10.97 10.6 17.20 8.9 5....................................................... 9.96 7.6 - - - - Elementary school teachers.................................. 18.49 14.1 - - - - Teachers, n.e.c............................................. 16.58 13.3 - - 16.92 12.9 Librarians, archivists, and curators.......................... ± ± - - ± ± Social scientists and urban planners.......................... ± ± ± ± - - Social, recreation, and religious workers..................... 13.39 18.4 ± ± ± ± Writers, authors, entertainers, athletes, and professionals, n.e.c...................................................... 26.51 23.3 26.51 23.3 - - Technical....................................................... 13.94 7.9 13.98 8.8 13.67 13.5 5....................................................... 15.13 3.1 15.13 3.1 - - 6....................................................... 14.42 2.5 - - - - 7....................................................... 15.92 4.3 - - - - Licensed practical nurses................................... 15.49 2.2 15.74 1.8 - - Health technologists and technicians, n.e.c................. 13.55 4.6 13.55 4.6 - - Executive, administrative, and managerial......................... ± ± ± ± ± ± Executives, administrators, and managers...................... ± ± - - ± ± Management related............................................ ± ± ± ± ± ± Sales............................................................. 7.42 4.9 7.42 4.9 ± ± 1....................................................... 6.42 3.3 6.42 3.3 - - 2....................................................... 7.62 6.8 7.63 6.9 - - 3....................................................... 7.38 8.3 7.38 8.3 - - Sales workers, other commodities............................ 7.26 6.5 7.26 6.5 - - 1....................................................... 6.57 1.5 6.57 1.5 - - 3....................................................... 8.12 14.2 8.12 14.2 - - Cashiers.................................................... 6.91 4.3 6.91 4.3 - - 1....................................................... 6.41 6.2 6.40 6.2 - - 2....................................................... 7.55 7.9 7.57 8.0 - - Administrative support, including clerical........................ 10.68 10.9 10.91 11.1 8.61 8.2 1....................................................... 6.94 2.3 7.10 2.3 6.41 4.5 2....................................................... 9.47 4.4 9.24 5.0 10.26 8.1 3....................................................... 9.41 3.5 9.23 3.4 - - 4....................................................... 8.64 7.5 8.65 7.8 - - Secretaries................................................. 10.19 5.2 - - - - Library clerks.............................................. $7.87 16.6 - - $7.87 16.6 General office clerks....................................... 8.61 8.3 $9.02 8.6 7.19 5.7 1....................................................... 7.22 3.0 - - - - Administrative support, n.e.c............................... 8.77 10.6 10.32 9.9 - - Blue collar......................................................... 8.32 11.1 8.05 12.2 11.98 7.4 1....................................................... 6.26 1.6 6.26 1.6 - - 2....................................................... 10.97 21.2 10.95 22.5 - - 3....................................................... 9.87 10.4 - - 11.45 5.8 Precision production, craft, and repair........................... ± ± ± ± - - Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors..................... ± ± ± ± - - Transportation and material moving................................ 10.97 18.9 10.69 23.2 12.39 7.3 2....................................................... 11.02 24.8 10.97 26.5 - - 3....................................................... 10.31 12.0 - - - - Bus drivers................................................. 13.34 21.8 - - 13.07 6.0 3....................................................... 11.82 4.9 - - - - Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers............... 6.75 3.8 6.74 3.9 ± ± 1....................................................... 6.25 2.1 6.25 2.1 - - Stock handlers and baggers.................................. 6.43 2.4 6.43 2.4 - - 1....................................................... 6.17 1.6 6.17 1.6 - - Service............................................................. 6.79 3.2 6.60 3.5 7.94 5.4 1....................................................... 6.48 2.0 6.41 1.7 6.80 6.9 2....................................................... 5.57 9.8 5.04 10.5 9.37 5.0 3....................................................... 7.70 6.0 7.50 6.4 9.77 6.5 4....................................................... 8.60 4.9 8.55 5.2 - - Protective service............................................ 7.68 8.0 7.58 10.1 7.97 9.5 3....................................................... 7.28 11.4 - - - - Crossing guards............................................. 7.05 5.8 - - 7.05 5.8 Guards and police, except public service.................... 7.62 10.0 7.58 10.1 - - Food service.................................................. 6.06 3.4 5.91 3.7 8.15 12.3 1....................................................... 6.39 1.9 6.37 1.8 - - 2....................................................... 4.67 13.0 4.52 13.3 - - 3....................................................... 7.05 9.3 6.23 9.2 - - Waiters and waitresses...................................... 3.29 6.9 3.29 6.9 - - Kitchen workers, food preparation........................... 8.47 5.9 8.47 5.9 - - Food preparation, n.e.c..................................... 6.54 3.4 - - 7.92 12.7 1....................................................... 6.35 1.9 - - - - Health service................................................ 9.17 5.3 9.13 5.6 ± ± 2....................................................... 8.94 6.1 - - - - 3....................................................... 9.22 8.2 9.23 8.2 - - 4....................................................... 9.25 4.3 9.25 4.3 - - Nursing aides, orderlies and attendants..................... $9.16 5.6 $9.17 5.6 - - 3....................................................... 9.22 8.2 9.23 8.2 - - 4....................................................... 9.25 4.3 9.25 4.3 - - Cleaning and building service................................. 7.14 6.9 6.75 5.1 ± ± 1....................................................... 6.52 3.6 6.52 3.6 - - Janitors and cleaners....................................... 7.36 9.5 6.86 7.4 - - 1....................................................... 6.55 4.9 6.55 4.9 - - Personal service.............................................. 6.90 3.5 6.54 2.3 $7.44 7.7 1....................................................... 6.75 7.3 - - 6.86 11.0 2....................................................... 7.24 8.1 - - 9.05 4.8 3....................................................... 6.86 4.3 6.64 4.3 - - Child care workers, n.e.c................................... 7.41 9.2 - - 7.41 9.3 1....................................................... 6.84 11.8 - - 6.84 11.8 Service, n.e.c.............................................. 7.34 5.7 - - - - 1 A classification system including about 480 individual occupations is used to cover all workers in the civilian economy. See appendix B for more information. 2 Each occupation for which data are collected in an establishment is evaluated based on 10 factors, including knowledge, complexity, work environment, etc. Points are assigned based on the occupation's rank within each factor. The points are summed to determine the overall level of the occupation. See appendices C and D for more information. 3 Employees are classified as working either a full-time or a part-time schedule based on the definition used by each establishment. Therefore, a worker with a 35-hour-per-week schedule might be considered a full-time employee in one establishment, but classified as part-time in another firm, where a 40-hour week is the minimum full-time schedule. 4 Earnings are the straight-time hourly wages or salaries paid to employees. They include incentive pay, cost-of-living adjustments, and hazard pay. Excluded are premium pay for overtime, vacations, holidays, nonproduction bonuses, and tips. The mean is computed by totaling the pay of all workers and dividing by the number of workers, weighted by hours. 5 The relative standard error (RSE) is the standard error expressed as a percent of the estimate. It can be used to calculate a "confidence interval" around a sample estimate. For more information about RSEs, see appendix A. NOTE: Dashes indicate that no data were reported or that data did not meet publication criteria, and n.e.c. means "not elsewhere classified." Overall occupational groups may include data for categories not shown separately. Table 5-1. Selected worker characteristics: Mean hourly earnings(1) by occupational group,(2) National Compensation Survey, Detroit-Ann Arbor-Flint, MI, July 1998 Private industry and State and local government Occupational group Full-time Part-time Nonunion- Incen- workers(- workers(- Union(4) (4) Time(5) tive(5) 3) 3) Mean All occupations....................................................... $19.50 $10.13 $19.21 $18.22 $18.67 $16.69 All excluding sales............................................. 19.58 10.59 19.32 18.45 18.86 15.74 White collar........................................................ 23.06 13.63 24.19 21.81 22.49 17.53 White-collar excluding sales.................................... 23.60 16.67 24.82 22.72 23.24 16.32 Professional specialty and technical.............................. 27.51 20.63 31.94 25.42 26.97 - Professional specialty.......................................... 29.93 22.29 34.43 27.50 29.31 - Technical....................................................... 19.72 13.94 18.69 19.47 19.34 - Executive, administrative, and managerial......................... 30.15 ± 25.33 30.49 30.50 ± Sales............................................................. 17.88 7.42 ± 15.81 14.24 17.89 Administrative support, including clerical........................ 13.36 10.68 14.63 12.64 13.16 12.39 Blue collar......................................................... 17.07 8.32 18.28 13.57 16.58 16.74 Precision production, craft, and repair........................... 20.54 ± 21.41 19.01 20.54 20.30 Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors..................... 15.71 ± 17.82 11.02 15.55 ± Transportation and material moving................................ 16.81 10.97 17.57 12.52 15.70 16.00 Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers............... 11.62 6.75 11.96 8.76 10.57 ± Service............................................................. 11.06 6.79 13.59 7.93 10.03 ± B Full-time Part-time Nonunion- Incen- Occupational group workers(- workers(- Union(4) (4) Time(5) tive(5) 3) 3) Relative error(6) (percent) All occupations....................................................... 1.9 5.0 2.2 2.7 1.9 7.0 All excluding sales............................................. 1.9 5.6 2.2 2.8 1.9 8.2 White collar........................................................ 2.3 5.4 4.3 2.7 2.2 8.1 White-collar excluding sales.................................... 2.3 5.3 4.3 2.7 2.3 14.5 Professional specialty and technical.............................. 2.4 4.9 4.2 2.8 2.3 - Professional specialty.......................................... 2.5 5.0 4.2 3.0 2.4 - Technical....................................................... 3.2 7.9 6.4 3.7 3.3 - Executive, administrative, and managerial......................... 4.2 ± 6.3 4.5 4.3 ± Sales............................................................. 7.2 4.9 ± 7.7 8.9 9.8 Administrative support, including clerical........................ 2.5 10.9 3.5 2.8 2.4 6.9 Blue collar......................................................... 2.0 11.1 2.2 4.1 2.1 8.0 Precision production, craft, and repair........................... 1.8 ± 2.2 2.9 1.9 3.4 Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors..................... 3.1 ± 3.1 5.5 3.3 ± Transportation and material moving................................ 4.0 18.9 4.1 9.5 4.4 17.4 Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers............... 3.9 3.8 5.2 7.2 3.9 ± Service............................................................. 3.7 3.2 4.2 3.1 3.5 ± 1 Earnings are the straight-time hourly wages or salaries paid to employees. They include incentive pay, cost-of-living adjustments, and hazard pay. Excluded are premium pay for overtime, vacations, holidays, nonproduction bonuses, and tips. The mean is computed by totaling the pay of all workers and dividing by the number of workers, weighted by hours. 2 A classification system including about 480 individual occupations is used to cover all workers in the civilian economy. See appendix B for more information. 3 Employees are classified as working either a full-time or a part-time schedule based on the definition used by each establishment. Therefore, a worker with a 35-hour-per-week schedule might be considered a full-time employee in one establishment, but classified as part-time in another firm, where a 40-hour week is the minimum full-time schedule. 4 Union workers are those whose wages are determined through collective bargaining. 5 Time workers' wages are based solely on an hourly rate or salary; incentive workers are those whose wages are at least partially based on productivity payments such as piece rates, commissions, and production bonuses. 6 The relative standard error (RSE) is the standard error expressed as a percent of the estimate. It can be used to calculate a "confidence interval" around a sample estimate. For more information about RSEs, see appendix A. NOTE: Dashes indicate that no data were reported or that data did not meet publication criteria. Table 5-2. Major industry division: Mean hourly earnings(1) by occupational group,(2) private industry, National Compensation Survey, Detroit-Ann Arbor-Flint, MI, July 1998 Full-time and part-time workers Goods-producing indust- Service-producing industries(4) ries(3) Occupational group All pri- vate indus- Trans- Wholesale Finance, tries Con- Manu- portation and insur- Serv- Total Mining struc- fac- Total and pub- retail ance, and ices tion turing lic trade real utilities estate Mean All occupations....................................................... $18.05 $21.74 ± ± $21.68 ± ± ± $17.83 $15.45 All excluding sales............................................. 18.26 21.69 ± ± 21.64 ± ± ± 18.13 15.35 White collar........................................................ 21.58 29.43 ± ± 29.49 ± ± ± 18.04 19.60 White-collar excluding sales.................................... 22.61 29.69 ± ± 29.75 ± ± ± 18.37 19.65 Professional specialty and technical.............................. 25.68 29.40 ± ± 29.40 ± ± ± 24.91 22.60 Professional specialty.......................................... 27.91 31.09 - ± 31.09 ± ± ± 26.52 24.93 Technical....................................................... 20.03 23.84 ± ± 23.85 ± ± ± ± 17.24 Executive, administrative, and managerial......................... 30.59 37.77 ± ± 38.15 ± ± ± 24.70 25.42 Sales............................................................. 15.35 24.47 - ± 24.48 ± ± ± 13.74 18.66 Administrative support, including clerical........................ 13.14 16.04 ± ± 16.08 ± ± ± 12.35 12.13 Blue collar......................................................... 16.64 17.84 ± ± 17.59 ± ± ± ± 11.81 Precision production, craft, and repair........................... 20.65 21.70 ± ± 21.46 ± ± ± ± 16.01 Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors..................... 15.55 15.90 - ± 15.88 ± ± ± - 7.35 Transportation and material moving................................ 16.28 19.80 ± ± 19.52 ± ± ± - 8.02 Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers............... 10.42 13.09 ± ± 12.83 ± ± ± - 10.87 Service............................................................. 8.31 16.40 - ± 16.40 ± ± ± ± 8.02 B Goods-producing indust- Service-producing industries(4) ries(3) All pri- vate Occupational group indus- Trans- Wholesale Finance, tries Con- Manu- portation and insur- Serv- Total Mining struc- fac- Total and pub- retail ance, and ices tion turing lic trade real utilities estate Relative error(5) (percent) All occupations....................................................... 2.1 2.9 ± ± 3.0 ± ± ± 7.1 4.6 All excluding sales............................................. 2.2 3.0 ± ± 3.1 ± ± ± 7.4 4.5 White collar........................................................ 2.7 3.2 ± ± 3.3 ± ± ± 7.4 3.7 White-collar excluding sales.................................... 2.7 3.2 ± ± 3.3 ± ± ± 7.6 3.7 Professional specialty and technical.............................. 2.5 3.2 ± ± 3.2 ± ± ± 14.4 3.7 Professional specialty.......................................... 2.7 3.3 - ± 3.3 ± ± ± 12.7 4.1 Technical....................................................... 3.1 3.4 ± ± 3.4 ± ± ± ± 4.8 Executive, administrative, and managerial......................... 4.7 5.6 ± ± 5.6 ± ± ± 8.8 5.0 Sales............................................................. 7.2 8.7 - ± 8.9 ± ± ± 6.0 12.9 Administrative support, including clerical........................ 2.9 5.0 ± ± 5.1 ± ± ± 4.7 4.2 Blue collar......................................................... 2.2 2.4 ± ± 2.5 ± ± ± ± 8.3 Precision production, craft, and repair........................... 1.9 1.8 ± ± 1.9 ± ± ± ± 5.1 Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors..................... 3.2 3.2 - ± 3.2 ± ± ± - 8.7 Transportation and material moving................................ 5.2 3.7 ± ± 3.8 ± ± ± - 8.8 Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers............... 4.1 5.9 ± ± 5.9 ± ± ± - 10.0 Service............................................................. 2.9 5.9 - ± 5.9 ± ± ± ± 2.9 1 Earnings are the straight-time hourly wages or salaries paid to employees. They include incentive pay, cost-of-living adjustments, and hazard pay. Excluded are premium pay for overtime, vacations, holidays, nonproduction bonuses, and tips. The mean is computed by totaling the pay of all workers and dividing by the number of workers, weighted by hours. 2 A classification system including about 480 individual occupations is used to cover all workers in the civilian economy. See appendix B for more information. 3 Goods-producing industries include mining, construction, and manufacturing. 4 Service-producing industries include transportation and public utilities; wholesale and retail trade; finance, insurance, and real estate; and services. 5 The relative standard error (RSE) is the standard error expressed as a percent of the estimate. It can be used to calculate a "confidence interval" around a sample estimate. For more information about RSEs, see appendix A. NOTE: Dashes indicate that no data were reported or that data did not meet publication criteria. Table 5-3. Establishment employment size: Mean hourly earnings(1) by occupational group,(2) private industry, National Compensation Survey, Detroit-Ann Arbor-Flint, MI, July 1998 Full-time and part-time workers 100 workers or more Occupational group All private 50 - 99 industry workers 100 - 499 500 workers Total workers workers or more Mean All occupations....................................................... $18.05 $14.70 $18.61 $16.01 $20.66 All excluding sales............................................. 18.26 14.56 18.81 16.05 20.84 White collar........................................................ 21.58 17.99 22.20 20.23 23.74 White-collar excluding sales.................................... 22.61 18.93 23.12 21.35 24.31 Professional specialty and technical.............................. 25.68 25.26 25.71 25.76 25.69 Professional specialty.......................................... 27.91 29.28 27.83 28.76 27.41 Technical....................................................... 20.03 20.72 19.94 19.57 20.19 Executive, administrative, and managerial......................... 30.59 26.53 31.28 30.32 31.80 Sales............................................................. 15.35 15.61 15.24 15.58 14.33 Administrative support, including clerical........................ 13.14 11.26 13.54 12.98 14.17 Blue collar......................................................... 16.64 13.87 16.99 13.36 19.66 Precision production, craft, and repair........................... 20.65 18.06 21.10 18.25 22.92 Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors..................... 15.55 10.92 15.81 11.60 18.99 Transportation and material moving................................ 16.28 14.99 16.50 12.51 18.64 Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers............... 10.42 8.09 11.03 10.03 12.25 Service............................................................. 8.31 7.24 8.61 7.87 9.37 B Full-time and part-time workers 100 workers or more Occupational group All private 50 - 99 industry workers 100 - 499 500 workers Total workers workers or more Relative error(3) (percent) All occupations....................................................... 2.1 6.6 2.3 4.4 2.5 All excluding sales............................................. 2.2 6.7 2.4 4.7 2.5 White collar........................................................ 2.7 8.1 2.9 5.5 3.0 White-collar excluding sales.................................... 2.7 8.8 2.8 5.6 3.0 Professional specialty and technical.............................. 2.5 7.8 2.6 6.2 2.4 Professional specialty.......................................... 2.7 7.1 2.8 6.9 2.4 Technical....................................................... 3.1 7.1 3.4 7.1 3.2 Executive, administrative, and managerial......................... 4.7 11.5 5.2 9.5 6.2 Sales............................................................. 7.2 16.9 7.5 9.7 12.2 Administrative support, including clerical........................ 2.9 4.2 3.2 5.0 3.7 Blue collar......................................................... 2.2 7.4 2.3 4.7 2.1 Precision production, craft, and repair........................... 1.9 7.3 2.0 3.7 1.8 Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors..................... 3.2 10.0 3.3 5.9 2.6 Transportation and material moving................................ 5.2 14.2 5.4 15.7 4.2 Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers............... 4.1 6.2 4.5 6.4 7.3 Service............................................................. 2.9 6.8 3.4 3.7 5.3 1 Earnings are the straight-time hourly wages or salaries paid to employees. They include incentive pay, cost-of-living adjustments, and hazard pay. Excluded are premium pay for overtime, vacations, holidays, nonproduction bonuses, and tips. The mean is computed by totaling the pay of all workers and dividing by the number of workers, weighted by hours. 2 A classification system including about 480 individual occupations is used to cover all workers in the civilian economy. See appendix B for more information. 3 The relative standard error (RSE) is the standard error expressed as a percent of the estimate. It can be used to calculate a "confidence interval" around a sample estimate. For more information about RSEs, see appendix A. NOTE: Dashes indicate that no data were reported or that data did not meet publication criteria. Appendix table 1. Number of workers(1) represented by the survey, by occupational group,(2) National Compensation Survey, Detroit-Ann Arbor-Flint, MI, July 1998 Full-time and part-time workers Occupational group Private State and Total industry local government All occupations....................................................... 1,365,600 1,115,400 250,200 All excluding sales............................................. 1,280,200 1,030,300 249,900 White collar........................................................ 701,300 538,300 163,000 White-collar excluding sales.................................... 615,800 453,100 162,700 Professional specialty and technical.............................. 319,000 210,400 108,700 Professional specialty.......................................... 251,300 152,900 98,400 Technical....................................................... 67,700 57,500 10,200 Executive, administrative, and managerial......................... 108,000 93,600 14,400 Sales............................................................. 85,500 85,200 ± Administrative support, including clerical........................ 188,800 149,200 39,700 Blue collar......................................................... 446,100 418,500 27,600 Precision production, craft, and repair........................... 140,300 130,000 10,200 Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors..................... 178,100 177,300 ± Transportation and material moving................................ 59,700 47,600 12,100 Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers............... 68,100 63,500 4,600 Service............................................................. 218,200 158,700 59,600 1 The number of workers represented by the survey are rounded to the nearest 100. Estimates of the number of workers provide a description of size and composition of the labor force included in the survey. Estimates are not intended, however, for comparison to other statistical series to measure employment trends or levels. Both full-time and part-time workers were included in the survey. 2 A classification system including about 480 individual occupations is used to cover all workers in the civilian economy. See appendix B for more information. NOTE: Dashes indicate that no data were reported or that data did not meet publication criteria. Appendix table 2. Number of establishments represented by survey and the number studied by industry division and establishment employment size, Detroit-Ann Arbor-Flint, MI, July 1998 Number of establishments studied Number of Industry establish- 100 workers or more ments rep- Total 50 - 99 resented(1) studied workers Total 100 - 499 500 workers workers or more All industries........................................................ 6,300 373 73 300 132 168 Private industry.................................................... 6,000 321 72 249 115 134 Goods-producing industries........................................ 1,800 124 17 107 40 67 Mining.......................................................... (2) 2 2 - - - Construction.................................................... 200 6 3 3 2 1 Manufacturing................................................... 1,600 116 12 104 38 66 Service-producing industries...................................... 4,200 197 55 142 75 67 Tranportation and public utilities.............................. 300 15 4 11 8 3 Wholesale and retail trade...................................... 2,000 48 21 27 14 13 Finance, insurance and real estate.............................. 300 17 2 15 6 9 Services........................................................ 1,600 117 28 89 47 42 State and local government.......................................... 300 52 1 51 17 34 1 Number of establishments represented by the survey rounded to the nearest 100. 2 Number of establishments represented by the survey is fewer than 50. NOTE: Dashes indicate that no data were reported. Overall industry and industry groups may include data for categories not shown separately.