NC BL 08/00/1998 Table: Pittsburgh, PA, Bulletin 3090-44, December 1997 Table A-1. Hourly earnings(1) for selected occupations, all workers(2), all industries, Pittsburgh, PA, December 1997 All industries Occupation(3) Percentiles Mean RSE 10 25 Median 75 90 50 All occupations....................................................... $15.55 2.0% $6.40 $8.80 $13.13 $18.69 $27.01 All occupations excluding sales..................................... 15.96 1.9 6.97 9.25 13.54 19.08 27.77 White-collar occupations............................................ 18.10 2.4 7.20 10.13 14.90 22.29 33.33 White-collar occupations excluding sales.......................... 19.20 2.1 8.50 11.17 15.96 23.75 34.17 Professional specialty and technical occupations.................. 23.17 2.6 11.80 15.20 20.00 28.27 39.80 Professional specialty occupations.............................. 24.93 2.8 13.11 17.00 21.90 30.64 41.48 Engineers, architects, and surveyors.......................... 26.84 3.8 16.83 21.63 26.87 31.85 36.46 Civil engineers............................................. 19.83 2.2 13.76 15.50 20.49 21.63 26.50 Electrical and electronic engineers......................... 29.26 7.1 17.31 23.50 29.07 34.17 42.70 Industrial engineers........................................ 26.63 5.8 21.31 22.28 25.33 32.20 37.47 Mechanical engineers........................................ 22.36 5.9 15.51 21.09 21.92 24.52 28.13 Engineers, N.E.C............................................ 27.07 4.3 17.79 21.86 27.66 31.99 34.33 Mathematical and computer scientists.......................... 26.47 9.2 17.23 20.15 24.02 29.71 39.63 Computer systems analysts and scientists.................... 22.66 4.0 14.82 19.20 22.78 26.04 29.50 Operations and systems researchers and analysts............. 37.22 12.7 20.67 25.00 32.00 46.15 57.69 Natural scientists............................................ 20.77 10.2 12.29 13.73 19.90 28.25 32.42 Health related occupations.................................... 19.57 1.9 15.03 17.07 19.18 21.41 25.00 Registered nurses........................................... 18.81 1.3 15.03 16.50 18.69 20.26 22.53 Pharmacists................................................. 24.84 2.0 21.53 23.42 25.00 26.64 28.02 Physical therapists......................................... 25.00 3.1 20.19 22.35 25.00 26.79 30.32 Therapists, N.E.C........................................... 14.70 16.3 9.75 10.00 12.29 20.39 21.41 Teachers, college and university.............................. 36.17 9.3 18.45 25.84 33.05 41.00 50.41 Teachers, post secondary N.E.C.............................. 32.31 10.3 11.54 17.85 34.12 41.83 50.41 Teachers, except college and university....................... 31.47 4.6 10.58 22.91 32.42 41.40 47.48 Elementary school teachers.................................. 34.82 4.9 22.53 27.15 33.48 43.91 47.43 Secondary school teachers................................... 35.22 4.0 23.34 27.46 35.11 45.57 48.28 Teachers, special education................................. 25.52 24.8 9.62 10.65 25.66 39.01 44.94 Teachers, N.E.C............................................. 31.99 6.6 6.88 21.50 33.64 47.48 47.48 Substitute teachers......................................... 10.07 10.3 7.33 8.00 8.19 9.29 16.36 Vocational and educational counselors....................... 22.14 15.1 10.46 12.59 15.39 34.99 37.05 Librarians, archivists, and curators.......................... - - - - - - - Social scientists and urban planners.......................... 18.08 7.9 13.53 13.85 15.41 19.23 26.20 Psychologists............................................... 17.19 9.8 13.49 13.85 15.06 19.23 20.23 Social, recreation, and religious workers..................... 13.06 6.4 8.07 10.13 12.31 15.25 19.53 Social workers.............................................. 13.16 6.8 8.64 10.13 12.31 15.30 20.11 Lawyers and judges............................................ - - - - - - - Writers, authors, entertainers, athletes, and professionals, N.E.C...................................................... 23.30 21.0 12.79 14.90 18.27 23.98 46.00 Editors and reporters....................................... 19.87 11.2 15.73 15.87 18.77 19.78 37.62 Public relations specialists................................ 15.36 9.8 10.82 12.02 15.38 17.34 22.32 Professional occupations, N.E.C............................. 15.89 5.4 14.42 14.42 15.58 15.58 19.03 Technical occupations........................................... 17.56 5.0 10.25 12.02 15.26 18.84 26.83 Clinical laboratory technologists and technicians........... 15.90 2.9 12.58 14.27 17.04 17.72 18.69 Health record technologists and technicians................. $15.19 7.7% $11.75 $12.02 $14.06 $18.15 $22.15 Radiological technicians.................................... 14.77 3.5 11.02 12.58 15.32 16.90 17.92 Licensed practical nurses................................... 12.32 1.8 10.55 11.25 12.19 12.90 13.99 Health technologists and technicians, N.E.C................. 12.31 12.2 7.04 9.77 10.97 13.31 14.88 Electrical and electronic technicians....................... 16.61 10.0 10.50 12.77 15.82 20.06 24.19 Engineering technicians, N.E.C.............................. 18.72 5.5 15.00 15.30 17.65 21.62 21.79 Drafters.................................................... 17.21 12.3 8.00 10.60 16.43 23.77 25.96 Chemical technicians........................................ 16.25 4.6 11.53 13.83 15.99 18.70 19.86 Science technicians, N.E.C.................................. 15.86 9.5 11.50 11.50 15.42 19.04 21.91 Computer programmers........................................ 21.33 12.4 12.46 15.11 19.23 27.89 34.62 Technical and related occupations, N.E.C.................... 15.34 5.6 10.63 12.50 14.54 17.45 19.19 Executive, administrative, and managerial occupations............. 25.82 3.5 13.95 16.83 22.50 31.34 40.71 Executives, administrators, and managers...................... 29.17 4.2 14.86 18.14 26.91 33.65 43.85 Financial managers.......................................... 29.96 9.5 15.86 19.18 24.40 34.72 43.85 Personnel and labor relations managers...................... 26.14 15.9 16.15 17.75 20.00 36.25 40.71 Managers., marketing, advertising and public relations...... 37.37 7.9 20.43 30.66 34.62 40.87 69.71 Administrators, education and related fields................ 28.23 8.0 15.21 18.70 31.34 39.23 39.30 Managers, medicine and health............................... 26.71 6.4 16.12 22.01 26.24 29.81 34.61 Managers, service organizations, N.E.C...................... 15.57 10.8 11.06 12.07 12.82 16.96 20.15 Managers and administrators, N.E.C.......................... 31.49 7.6 14.86 23.00 26.92 34.13 46.15 Management related occupations................................ 20.41 4.5 13.41 15.30 18.80 23.08 30.53 Accountants and auditors.................................... 18.77 6.4 13.87 15.00 16.37 23.37 28.85 Other financial officers.................................... 22.08 11.6 13.70 17.71 21.50 24.44 33.65 Management analysts......................................... 30.50 15.0 15.38 21.10 29.68 43.71 43.71 Personnel, training, and labor relations specialists........ 17.49 8.8 10.58 12.56 16.83 19.13 28.54 Purchasing agents and buyers, N.E.C......................... 17.67 2.6 13.58 16.26 17.25 19.32 19.87 Management related occupations, N.E.C....................... 19.86 4.2 13.95 14.77 19.71 21.20 28.56 Sales occupations................................................. 9.96 8.4 5.15 5.55 7.00 11.01 20.48 Supervisors, sales occupations.............................. 18.16 14.6 10.63 11.54 13.75 20.80 38.62 Sales occupations, other business services.................. 16.11 14.7 7.18 9.30 11.01 16.27 37.02 Sales representatives, mining, manufacturing, and wholesale. 18.71 17.8 10.63 12.25 14.00 21.87 33.89 Sales workers, apparel...................................... 6.37 4.7 5.15 5.15 6.25 7.20 7.45 Sales workers, other commodities............................ 9.92 18.8 5.50 5.60 6.78 11.64 14.94 Cashiers.................................................... 6.36 5.6 5.15 5.25 5.55 6.70 7.50 Demonstrators, promoters, and models, sales................. 5.95 1.8 5.25 5.75 6.00 6.00 6.50 Sales support occupations, N.E.C............................ 9.34 17.9 5.15 5.15 6.21 11.69 18.71 Administrative support occupations, including clerical............ 11.27 1.7 7.25 8.61 10.62 13.33 16.47 Supervisors, general office................................. 13.66 3.7 11.73 13.20 13.33 13.46 13.94 Supervisors, financial records processing................... 16.86 11.9 9.22 12.98 14.41 21.63 29.42 Supervisors, distribution, scheduling, and adjusting clerks. 15.37 17.9 11.38 11.91 12.02 15.00 26.98 Secretaries................................................. 12.40 2.6 8.50 10.50 12.51 14.21 16.01 Stenographers............................................... 11.90 4.4 9.24 10.00 11.64 13.34 14.65 Interviewers................................................ 10.43 5.3 8.00 9.00 9.97 11.04 13.53 Receptionists............................................... 8.01 5.3 5.30 7.00 7.73 9.50 10.39 Information clerks, N.E.C................................... 10.87 9.7 8.00 8.00 13.00 13.00 13.39 Order clerks................................................ $13.17 7.4% $6.50 $8.32 $12.90 $19.00 $19.00 Library clerks.............................................. 8.43 6.1 6.48 7.00 8.94 9.77 9.77 Records clerks, N.E.C....................................... 10.73 5.2 7.25 9.62 10.61 12.58 14.83 Bookkeepers, accounting and auditing clerks................. 10.77 3.3 8.17 8.80 10.50 12.04 14.65 Payroll and timekeeping clerks.............................. 10.02 12.3 8.00 8.13 9.00 9.09 12.00 Billing clerks.............................................. 11.04 4.9 9.01 10.00 10.50 11.73 14.23 Telephone operators......................................... 11.53 8.1 6.81 8.83 10.71 14.95 16.80 Dispatchers................................................. 11.36 6.8 9.22 9.50 10.98 12.51 16.18 Traffic, shipping and receiving clerks...................... 10.55 9.3 7.40 8.27 9.73 12.30 15.72 Stock and inventory clerks.................................. 11.06 7.1 7.35 8.61 10.00 14.00 14.55 Insurance adjusters, examiners, & investigators............. 13.03 6.1 9.62 10.70 12.25 14.19 18.67 Investigators and adjusters except insurance................ 10.90 5.2 8.00 8.82 9.54 12.96 16.28 General office clerks....................................... 10.64 4.3 7.10 8.71 10.25 11.76 15.30 Bank tellers................................................ 8.87 3.8 6.78 7.15 8.36 10.14 11.58 Data entry keyers........................................... 8.09 4.4 6.54 7.00 8.00 8.44 10.32 Teachers' aides............................................. 9.81 5.6 6.25 8.05 9.02 11.56 13.49 Administrative support occupations, N.E.C................... 11.06 4.3 7.48 9.23 10.62 12.12 14.97 Blue-collar occupations............................................. 13.81 3.8 6.90 9.58 13.50 17.14 21.32 Precision production, craft, and repair occupations............... 17.17 5.2 10.29 13.00 16.39 21.91 24.53 Supervisors, mechanics and repairers........................ 23.49 15.9 11.54 18.67 26.79 28.32 33.78 Automobile mechanics........................................ 13.32 3.3 10.00 11.88 13.15 14.00 17.05 Bus, truck, and stationary engine mechanics................. 14.54 6.6 11.50 11.50 15.57 17.15 17.56 Industrial machinery repairers.............................. 16.62 4.4 13.61 15.30 16.84 17.35 19.00 Mechanics and repairers, N.E.C.............................. 16.21 4.4 12.27 15.55 16.20 17.92 19.21 Carpenters.................................................. 15.40 4.3 14.35 14.35 15.55 15.91 15.92 Plumbers, pipefitters and steamfitters...................... 22.18 5.7 17.67 20.63 23.14 24.63 24.63 Supervisors, production occupations......................... 18.74 7.7 12.75 15.00 18.75 22.86 23.80 Electrical and electronic equipment assemblers.............. 10.03 7.6 7.95 8.00 8.47 11.42 14.93 Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors..................... 12.57 4.6 6.85 9.15 12.85 15.38 17.61 Grinding, abrading, buffing, and polishing machine operators 14.13 7.3 10.70 13.50 13.99 16.91 16.91 Fabricating machine operators, N.E.C........................ 13.00 5.5 9.30 11.75 13.98 14.25 14.42 Laundering and dry cleaning machine operators............... 8.29 4.2 6.25 7.78 8.65 8.70 9.65 Packaging and filling machine operators..................... 11.75 4.3 8.50 12.06 12.06 12.73 12.73 Mixing and blending machine operators....................... 14.87 8.8 9.85 11.90 17.00 17.00 17.08 Furnace, kiln, and oven operators, except food.............. 15.59 11.7 9.85 10.35 15.38 19.42 21.18 Miscellaneous machine operators, N.E.C...................... 13.63 7.7 8.34 9.94 14.22 16.91 17.61 Welders and cutters......................................... 16.97 3.5 15.10 16.13 16.55 18.10 19.53 Assemblers.................................................. 8.80 13.6 6.00 6.00 7.71 10.35 13.86 Production inspectors, checkers and examiners............... 13.09 6.3 10.08 11.67 12.77 13.90 17.93 Transportation and material moving occupations.................... 12.87 3.8 7.00 9.58 12.99 16.62 18.25 Truck drivers............................................... 11.44 5.1 6.78 9.58 12.00 13.49 15.91 Bus drivers................................................. 14.74 9.2 8.00 11.86 18.25 18.25 18.25 Crane and tower operators................................... 16.05 4.8 12.96 14.57 16.62 18.29 18.86 Industrial truck and tractor equipment operators............ 12.02 5.7 7.30 9.52 12.51 14.40 15.86 Miscellaneous material moving equipment operators, N.E.C.... $15.52 3.1% $11.90 $14.65 $16.49 $16.73 $17.14 Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers............... 10.65 5.2 5.50 6.90 9.28 14.42 17.39 Production helpers.......................................... 12.15 12.2 5.75 8.00 11.92 15.89 19.44 Stock handlers and baggers.................................. 6.96 10.8 5.25 5.35 5.75 7.07 10.06 Freight, stock, and material handlers, N.E.C................ 13.08 13.7 6.00 7.80 15.54 17.88 18.17 Vehicle washers and equipment cleaners...................... 9.15 19.3 5.25 5.50 7.50 14.22 14.22 Hand packers and packagers.................................. 8.67 8.0 5.95 6.97 8.20 9.85 12.40 Laborers except construction, N.E.C......................... 10.54 9.8 6.50 6.90 10.23 14.51 16.86 Service occupations................................................. 9.26 2.8 5.15 6.25 8.25 10.60 15.73 Protective service occupations................................ 12.74 13.5 5.40 6.05 11.29 18.29 22.05 Police and detectives, public service....................... 20.66 4.7 16.76 19.40 20.44 22.15 23.72 Guards and police except public service..................... 7.80 10.6 5.25 5.50 6.25 8.22 13.08 Food service occupations...................................... 6.54 4.3 2.83 5.15 6.30 8.05 9.75 Supervisors, food preparation and service occupations....... 11.06 7.1 6.16 9.00 11.25 12.50 15.01 Waiters and waitresses...................................... 3.92 12.5 2.83 2.83 2.83 4.59 7.00 Cooks....................................................... 8.06 3.9 6.00 6.85 8.05 8.55 10.49 Kitchen workers, food preparation........................... 7.52 3.6 5.45 7.00 7.60 8.60 8.75 Waiters'/Waitresses' assistants............................. 5.28 6.9 2.83 5.00 5.50 5.85 6.45 Food preparation occupations, N.E.C......................... 6.93 4.1 5.15 5.20 6.25 8.60 9.65 Health service occupations.................................... 8.78 2.5 6.57 7.43 8.43 9.82 10.94 Health aides, except nursing................................ 8.44 5.6 6.50 7.00 8.05 9.42 10.64 Nursing aides, orderlies and attendants..................... 8.92 2.1 6.95 7.44 8.51 9.99 11.11 Cleaning and building service occupations..................... 10.14 4.2 5.45 7.83 9.96 11.95 14.86 Maids and housemen.......................................... 8.56 5.6 6.18 7.15 8.95 9.93 10.50 Janitors and cleaners....................................... 10.03 4.8 5.45 7.65 10.10 12.12 13.95 Personal service occupations.................................. 10.53 7.2 5.35 6.85 8.85 12.60 19.38 Welfare service aides....................................... 7.80 8.2 5.79 6.50 8.85 8.85 8.85 Early childhood teachers' assistants........................ 9.15 18.6 5.15 5.33 9.09 10.58 13.55 Child care workers, N.E.C................................... 8.06 11.9 5.15 6.10 7.48 9.78 11.45 Service occupations, N.E.C.................................. 8.24 8.1 5.15 6.85 7.10 9.85 12.60 1 Earnings are the straight-time hourly wages or salaries paid to employees. They include incentive pay, cost-of-living adjustments, and hazard pay. Excluded are premium pay for overtime, vacations, holidays, nonproduction bonuses, and tips. The mean is computed by totaling the pay of all workers and dividing by the number of workers, weighted by hours. The 10th, 25th, 50th, 75th and 90th percentiles designate position in the earnings distribution. At the 50th percentile, the median, half of the workers receive the same as or more than the rate shown, and half receive the same as or less than the rate shown. At the 25th percentile, one-fourth of the workers earn the same as or less than the rate shown. At the 75th percentile, one-fourth earn the same as or more than the rate shown. The 10th and 90th percentiles follow the same logic. 2 All workers include full-time and part-time workers. Employees are classified as working either a full-time or a part-time schedule based on the definition used by each establishment. Therefore, a worker with a 35-hour-per-week schedule might be considered a full-time employee in one establishment, but classified as part-time in another firm, where a 40-hour week is the minimum full-time schedule. 3 A classification system including about 480 individual occupations is used to cover all workers in the civilian economy. Individual occupations are classified into one of nine major occupational groups. NOTE: Dashes indicate that no data were reported or that data did not meet publication criteria. Overall occupational groups and occupational levels may include data for categories not shown separately. N.E.C. means "not elsewhere classified." Table A-2. Hourly earnings(1) for selected occupations, all workers(2), private industry and State and local government, Pittsburgh, PA, December 1997 Private industry State and local government Occupation(3) Percentiles Percentiles Mean RSE Mean RSE 10 25 Median 75 90 10 25 Median 75 90 50 50 All occupations....................................................... $14.81 2.2% $6.05 $8.25 $12.63 $17.96 $25.23 $20.23 3.1% $9.96 $12.00 $16.37 $25.25 $39.64 All occupations excluding sales..................................... 15.23 2.2 6.65 8.80 13.13 18.29 25.74 20.28 3.1 9.96 12.00 16.37 25.43 39.68 White-collar occupations............................................ 17.10 2.7 7.00 9.68 14.45 20.71 30.24 24.64 3.7 10.25 13.25 21.79 34.33 45.73 White-collar occupations excluding sales.......................... 18.23 2.4 8.25 10.73 15.43 21.63 31.36 24.79 3.7 10.25 13.25 21.79 34.70 45.91 Professional specialty and technical occupations.................. 21.09 3.0 11.35 14.61 18.75 25.00 33.06 31.04 3.8 14.15 21.50 31.06 40.82 47.48 Professional specialty occupations.............................. 22.47 3.5 12.79 16.20 20.15 26.60 34.05 32.03 3.6 15.30 22.41 32.40 41.40 47.48 Engineers, architects, and surveyors.......................... 27.04 3.8 16.83 21.88 27.35 31.99 37.00 - - - - - - - Electrical and electronic engineers......................... 29.26 7.1 17.31 23.50 29.07 34.17 42.70 - - - - - - - Industrial engineers........................................ 26.63 5.8 21.31 22.28 25.33 32.20 37.47 - - - - - - - Mechanical engineers........................................ 22.36 5.9 15.51 21.09 21.92 24.52 28.13 - - - - - - - Engineers, N.E.C............................................ 27.07 4.3 17.79 21.86 27.66 31.99 34.33 - - - - - - - Mathematical and computer scientists.......................... 27.42 8.8 18.25 20.67 24.52 30.00 39.63 - - - - - - - Computer systems analysts and scientists.................... 23.58 3.0 17.95 19.83 23.15 26.30 29.72 - - - - - - - Operations and systems researchers and analysts............. 37.22 12.7 20.67 25.00 32.00 46.15 57.69 - - - - - - - Natural scientists............................................ 20.77 10.2 12.29 13.73 19.90 28.25 32.42 - - - - - - - Health related occupations.................................... 19.63 1.9 15.20 17.21 19.22 21.44 25.00 - - - - - - - Registered nurses........................................... 18.95 1.3 15.20 16.76 18.76 20.31 22.53 - - - - - - - Pharmacists................................................. 24.84 2.0 21.53 23.42 25.00 26.64 28.02 - - - - - - - Physical therapists......................................... 25.00 3.1 20.19 22.35 25.00 26.79 30.32 - - - - - - - Therapists, N.E.C........................................... 14.14 16.9 9.75 10.00 11.73 19.20 21.41 - - - - - - - Teachers, college and university.............................. - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Teachers, except college and university....................... 13.33 9.0 6.88 9.62 10.65 15.12 23.37 34.98 2.9 21.81 27.36 35.25 44.94 47.93 Elementary school teachers.................................. - - - - - - - 35.41 4.7 23.31 28.20 34.70 43.91 48.03 Secondary school teachers................................... 27.68 5.4 17.68 21.13 29.40 33.57 36.38 35.67 4.0 23.74 27.93 35.25 45.91 48.38 Teachers, special education................................. - - - - - - - 36.47 4.7 23.68 31.52 38.93 39.22 48.03 Teachers, N.E.C............................................. 9.43 14.0 5.96 5.96 6.88 11.35 18.27 37.32 5.0 22.01 28.38 40.19 47.48 47.48 Substitute teachers......................................... - - - - - - - 10.34 10.4 7.86 8.00 8.19 9.29 16.36 Vocational and educational counselors....................... 13.21 4.8 10.46 11.54 12.59 15.00 17.85 - - - - - - - Librarians, archivists, and curators.......................... - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Social scientists and urban planners.......................... 16.30 5.3 13.49 13.85 14.97 16.47 19.96 - - - - - - - Psychologists............................................... 15.09 3.1 13.20 13.85 14.10 15.64 17.46 - - - - - - - Social, recreation, and religious workers..................... 11.70 5.0 7.69 9.07 12.31 13.74 14.56 - - - - - - - Social workers.............................................. 11.70 5.3 7.69 9.64 12.31 13.71 14.56 - - - - - - - Lawyers and judges............................................ - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Writers, authors, entertainers, athletes, and professionals, N.E.C...................................................... 23.30 21.0 12.79 14.90 18.27 23.98 46.00 - - - - - - - Editors and reporters....................................... 19.87 11.2 15.73 15.87 18.77 19.78 37.62 - - - - - - - Public relations specialists................................ 15.36 9.8 10.82 12.02 15.38 17.34 22.32 - - - - - - - Professional occupations, N.E.C............................. 15.89 5.4 14.42 14.42 15.58 15.58 19.03 - - - - - - - Technical occupations........................................... 17.64 5.3 10.10 12.00 15.15 18.75 27.00 16.23 9.0 12.01 12.58 15.30 21.79 21.79 Clinical laboratory technologists and technicians........... 15.90 2.9 12.58 14.27 17.04 17.72 18.69 - - - - - - - Health record technologists and technicians................. 15.19 7.7 11.75 12.02 14.06 18.15 22.15 - - - - - - - Radiological technicians.................................... 14.77 3.5 11.02 12.58 15.32 16.90 17.92 - - - - - - - Licensed practical nurses................................... 12.11 1.8 10.50 10.95 12.03 13.00 13.80 - - - - - - - Health technologists and technicians, N.E.C................. $12.31 12.2% $7.04 $9.77 $10.97 $13.31 $14.88 - - - - - - - Electrical and electronic technicians....................... 16.61 10.0 10.50 12.77 15.82 20.06 24.19 - - - - - - - Engineering technicians, N.E.C.............................. 18.80 8.1 15.00 15.92 17.65 20.61 24.60 - - - - - - - Drafters.................................................... 17.21 12.3 8.00 10.60 16.43 23.77 25.96 - - - - - - - Chemical technicians........................................ 16.27 4.6 11.53 13.83 15.99 18.70 19.88 - - - - - - - Science technicians, N.E.C.................................. 15.86 9.5 11.50 11.50 15.42 19.04 21.91 - - - - - - - Computer programmers........................................ 21.33 12.4 12.46 15.11 19.23 27.89 34.62 - - - - - - - Technical and related occupations, N.E.C.................... 15.34 5.6 10.63 12.50 14.54 17.45 19.19 - - - - - - - Executive, administrative, and managerial occupations............. 25.95 3.8 13.94 16.78 22.50 31.34 40.87 $24.58 6.9% $14.77 $17.06 $24.08 $31.34 $33.98 Executives, administrators, and managers...................... 29.23 4.5 14.85 17.79 26.65 34.13 44.23 28.54 6.6 17.72 25.43 28.38 32.25 39.23 Financial managers.......................................... 29.96 9.5 15.86 19.18 24.40 34.72 43.85 - - - - - - - Personnel and labor relations managers...................... 26.14 15.9 16.15 17.75 20.00 36.25 40.71 - - - - - - - Managers., marketing, advertising and public relations...... 37.37 7.9 20.43 30.66 34.62 40.87 69.71 - - - - - - - Administrators, education and related fields................ 25.06 17.1 9.97 16.35 21.11 39.30 39.30 30.96 8.7 21.95 26.74 31.34 33.13 42.26 Managers, medicine and health............................... 26.71 6.4 16.12 22.01 26.24 29.81 34.61 - - - - - - - Managers, service organizations, N.E.C...................... 15.57 10.8 11.06 12.07 12.82 16.96 20.15 - - - - - - - Managers and administrators, N.E.C.......................... 31.76 7.8 14.86 23.20 26.92 34.13 46.42 - - - - - - - Management related occupations................................ 20.67 4.8 13.12 15.12 19.13 23.51 31.28 17.85 5.0 14.71 15.30 17.06 21.27 21.79 Accountants and auditors.................................... 19.17 7.3 13.87 15.00 18.03 23.51 28.85 - - - - - - - Other financial officers.................................... 22.08 11.6 13.70 17.71 21.50 24.44 33.65 - - - - - - - Management analysts......................................... 30.50 15.0 15.38 21.10 29.68 43.71 43.71 - - - - - - - Personnel, training, and labor relations specialists........ 17.49 8.8 10.58 12.56 16.83 19.13 28.54 - - - - - - - Purchasing agents and buyers, N.E.C......................... 17.67 2.6 13.58 16.26 17.25 19.32 19.87 - - - - - - - Management related occupations, N.E.C....................... 20.05 4.2 13.95 15.41 19.72 21.24 28.56 - - - - - - - Sales occupations................................................. 9.91 8.5 5.15 5.52 7.00 10.75 20.48 - - - - - - - Supervisors, sales occupations.............................. 18.16 14.6 10.63 11.54 13.75 20.80 38.62 - - - - - - - Sales occupations, other business services.................. 16.11 14.7 7.18 9.30 11.01 16.27 37.02 - - - - - - - Sales representatives, mining, manufacturing, and wholesale. 18.71 17.8 10.63 12.25 14.00 21.87 33.89 - - - - - - - Sales workers, apparel...................................... 6.37 4.7 5.15 5.15 6.25 7.20 7.45 - - - - - - - Sales workers, other commodities............................ 9.92 18.8 5.50 5.60 6.78 11.64 14.94 - - - - - - - Cashiers.................................................... 5.98 1.4 5.15 5.25 5.50 6.40 7.25 - - - - - - - Demonstrators, promoters, and models, sales................. 5.95 1.8 5.25 5.75 6.00 6.00 6.50 - - - - - - - Sales support occupations, N.E.C............................ 9.34 17.9 5.15 5.15 6.21 11.69 18.71 - - - - - - - Administrative support occupations, including clerical............ 11.17 1.9 7.15 8.49 10.50 13.30 16.60 12.03 2.9 8.76 10.25 12.00 13.49 14.96 Supervisors, general office................................. 13.66 3.7 11.73 13.20 13.33 13.46 13.94 - - - - - - - Supervisors, financial records processing................... 16.86 11.9 9.22 12.98 14.41 21.63 29.42 - - - - - - - Supervisors, distribution, scheduling, and adjusting clerks. 15.37 17.9 11.38 11.91 12.02 15.00 26.98 - - - - - - - Secretaries................................................. 12.09 3.0 8.50 10.00 12.26 14.07 16.25 13.35 4.2 10.20 12.02 13.30 14.37 15.64 Stenographers............................................... 10.99 1.8 9.13 9.74 11.17 11.81 12.94 - - - - - - - Interviewers................................................ 10.43 5.3 8.00 9.00 9.97 11.04 13.53 - - - - - - - Receptionists............................................... 8.01 5.3 5.30 7.00 7.73 9.50 10.39 - - - - - - - Information clerks, N.E.C................................... 10.87 9.7 8.00 8.00 13.00 13.00 13.39 - - - - - - - Order clerks................................................ 13.17 7.4 6.50 8.32 12.90 19.00 19.00 - - - - - - - Records clerks, N.E.C....................................... 10.73 5.2 7.25 9.62 10.61 12.58 14.83 - - - - - - - Bookkeepers, accounting and auditing clerks................. 10.75 3.6 8.00 8.80 10.50 11.92 14.65 - - - - - - - Payroll and timekeeping clerks.............................. 10.02 12.6 8.00 8.13 9.00 9.09 12.00 - - - - - - - Billing clerks.............................................. $11.04 4.9% $9.01 $10.00 $10.50 $11.73 $14.23 - - - - - - - Telephone operators......................................... 11.53 8.1 6.81 8.83 10.71 14.95 16.80 - - - - - - - Traffic, shipping and receiving clerks...................... 10.55 9.3 7.40 8.27 9.73 12.30 15.72 - - - - - - - Stock and inventory clerks.................................. 10.90 7.9 7.35 8.44 10.00 14.00 14.55 - - - - - - - Insurance adjusters, examiners, & investigators............. 13.03 6.1 9.62 10.70 12.25 14.19 18.67 - - - - - - - Investigators and adjusters except insurance................ 10.90 5.2 8.00 8.82 9.54 12.96 16.28 - - - - - - - General office clerks....................................... 10.48 4.5 7.10 8.25 10.18 11.76 14.48 $11.11 9.7% $6.25 $10.25 $10.25 $11.45 $16.37 Bank tellers................................................ 8.87 3.8 6.78 7.15 8.36 10.14 11.58 - - - - - - - Data entry keyers........................................... 8.09 4.4 6.54 7.00 8.00 8.44 10.32 - - - - - - - Teachers' aides............................................. - - - - - - - 10.10 5.5 7.75 8.68 9.82 11.56 13.49 Administrative support occupations, N.E.C................... 11.09 4.6 7.48 9.05 10.68 12.25 15.22 - - - - - - - Blue-collar occupations............................................. 13.65 4.3 6.76 9.23 13.33 17.05 21.91 15.42 3.3 11.04 13.09 15.68 18.25 18.86 Precision production, craft, and repair occupations............... 17.35 5.4 10.06 13.00 17.05 22.79 24.53 15.08 3.3 11.60 13.44 15.68 16.73 18.27 Supervisors, mechanics and repairers........................ 23.49 15.9 11.54 18.67 26.79 28.32 33.78 - - - - - - - Automobile mechanics........................................ 12.94 3.3 10.00 11.88 13.00 13.50 17.05 - - - - - - - Industrial machinery repairers.............................. 16.62 4.4 13.61 15.30 16.84 17.35 19.00 - - - - - - - Mechanics and repairers, N.E.C.............................. 16.21 4.4 12.27 15.55 16.20 17.92 19.21 - - - - - - - Plumbers, pipefitters and steamfitters...................... 22.27 5.6 17.67 20.63 23.14 24.63 24.63 - - - - - - - Supervisors, production occupations......................... 18.74 7.7 12.75 15.00 18.75 22.86 23.80 - - - - - - - Electrical and electronic equipment assemblers.............. 10.03 7.6 7.95 8.00 8.47 11.42 14.93 - - - - - - - Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors..................... 12.56 4.6 6.78 9.20 12.85 15.25 17.61 - - - - - - - Grinding, abrading, buffing, and polishing machine operators 14.13 7.3 10.70 13.50 13.99 16.91 16.91 - - - - - - - Fabricating machine operators, N.E.C........................ 13.00 5.5 9.30 11.75 13.98 14.25 14.42 - - - - - - - Laundering and dry cleaning machine operators............... 8.33 4.4 6.25 7.90 8.65 8.71 9.87 - - - - - - - Packaging and filling machine operators..................... 11.75 4.3 8.50 12.06 12.06 12.73 12.73 - - - - - - - Mixing and blending machine operators....................... 14.87 8.8 9.85 11.90 17.00 17.00 17.08 - - - - - - - Furnace, kiln, and oven operators, except food.............. 15.66 13.9 9.85 10.35 18.49 19.42 21.18 - - - - - - - Miscellaneous machine operators, N.E.C...................... 13.63 7.7 8.34 9.94 14.22 16.91 17.61 - - - - - - - Welders and cutters......................................... 16.97 3.5 15.10 16.13 16.55 18.10 19.53 - - - - - - - Assemblers.................................................. 8.80 13.6 6.00 6.00 7.71 10.35 13.86 - - - - - - - Production inspectors, checkers and examiners............... 13.09 6.3 10.08 11.67 12.77 13.90 17.93 - - - - - - - Transportation and material moving occupations.................... 11.83 4.1 6.60 8.50 12.00 14.65 16.90 16.35 3.6 12.89 14.60 16.73 18.25 19.08 Truck drivers............................................... 11.17 5.3 6.52 9.00 12.00 13.49 15.15 - - - - - - - Crane and tower operators................................... 16.05 4.8 12.96 14.57 16.62 18.29 18.86 - - - - - - - Industrial truck and tractor equipment operators............ 12.02 5.7 7.30 9.52 12.51 14.40 15.86 - - - - - - - Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers............... 10.30 5.7 5.50 6.75 8.92 14.22 17.00 14.08 6.9 9.37 11.04 12.94 15.68 20.03 Production helpers.......................................... 12.15 12.2 5.75 8.00 11.92 15.89 19.44 - - - - - - - Stock handlers and baggers.................................. 6.96 10.8 5.25 5.35 5.75 7.07 10.06 - - - - - - - Freight, stock, and material handlers, N.E.C................ 13.08 13.7 6.00 7.80 15.54 17.88 18.17 - - - - - - - Vehicle washers and equipment cleaners...................... 9.15 19.3 5.25 5.50 7.50 14.22 14.22 - - - - - - - Hand packers and packagers.................................. 8.67 8.0 5.95 6.97 8.20 9.85 12.40 - - - - - - - Laborers except construction, N.E.C......................... 9.95 10.4 6.00 6.83 7.35 14.48 16.49 13.98 10.7 11.04 11.04 12.57 15.40 21.30 Service occupations................................................. 8.05 2.6 5.15 5.92 7.50 9.24 11.87 13.80 4.5 9.26 10.26 11.93 17.74 21.42 Protective service occupations................................ 8.07 12.4 5.25 5.50 6.20 8.00 14.02 17.72 6.1 10.84 14.11 18.29 21.42 22.86 Police and detectives, public service....................... - - - - - - - $20.66 4.7% $16.76 $19.40 $20.44 $22.15 $23.72 Guards and police except public service..................... $7.36 9.8% $5.25 $5.45 $6.00 $7.10 $12.27 - - - - - - - Food service occupations...................................... 6.29 4.8 2.83 5.15 6.00 7.85 9.10 9.39 3.4 6.70 9.05 9.79 10.49 10.60 Supervisors, food preparation and service occupations....... 11.06 7.1 6.16 9.00 11.25 12.50 15.01 - - - - - - - Waiters and waitresses...................................... 3.92 12.5 2.83 2.83 2.83 4.59 7.00 - - - - - - - Cooks....................................................... 7.90 3.8 6.00 6.75 8.05 8.45 9.75 - - - - - - - Kitchen workers, food preparation........................... 7.49 3.7 5.45 7.00 7.60 8.60 8.75 - - - - - - - Waiters'/Waitresses' assistants............................. 5.28 6.9 2.83 5.00 5.50 5.85 6.45 - - - - - - - Food preparation occupations, N.E.C......................... 6.33 3.3 5.15 5.15 5.90 7.18 8.60 9.27 3.6 6.70 8.83 9.65 10.26 10.60 Health service occupations.................................... 8.38 2.4 6.50 7.35 8.10 9.42 10.56 11.25 3.0 9.50 9.82 10.33 12.94 14.64 Health aides, except nursing................................ 8.41 5.6 6.50 7.00 8.03 9.42 10.56 - - - - - - - Nursing aides, orderlies and attendants..................... 8.37 2.3 6.50 7.43 8.14 9.41 10.58 11.28 3.1 9.23 9.82 10.33 13.19 14.64 Cleaning and building service occupations..................... 9.09 5.3 5.25 6.80 8.82 10.88 13.40 12.63 4.3 9.93 10.30 11.78 13.81 17.71 Maids and housemen.......................................... 8.18 6.0 6.18 6.55 8.42 9.63 9.94 - - - - - - - Janitors and cleaners....................................... 9.19 6.1 5.25 6.80 8.83 11.45 13.65 12.24 4.6 9.93 10.41 11.69 12.79 17.10 Personal service occupations.................................. 10.39 8.5 5.25 6.53 8.60 16.11 20.12 11.28 4.0 8.55 10.28 11.45 12.60 13.45 Welfare service aides....................................... 7.80 8.2 5.79 6.50 8.85 8.85 8.85 - - - - - - - Child care workers, N.E.C................................... 7.10 8.2 5.15 5.39 7.19 7.50 8.95 - - - - - - - Service occupations, N.E.C.................................. 6.64 5.4 5.15 5.35 6.85 7.10 8.33 - - - - - - - 1 Earnings are the straight-time hourly wages or salaries paid to employees. They include incentive pay, cost-of-living adjustments, and hazard pay. Excluded are premium pay for overtime, vacations, holidays, nonproduction bonuses, and tips. The mean is computed by totaling the pay of all workers and dividing by the number of workers, weighted by hours. The 10th, 25th, 50th, 75th and 90th percentiles designate position in the earnings distribution. At the 50th percentile, the median, half of the workers receive the same as or more than the rate shown, and half receive the same as or less than the rate shown. At the 25th percentile, one-fourth of the workers earn the same as or less than the rate shown. At the 75th percentile, one-fourth earn the same as or more than the rate shown. The 10th and 90th percentiles follow the same logic. 2 All workers include full-time and part-time workers. Employees are classified as working either a full-time or a part-time schedule based on the definition used by each establishment. Therefore, a worker with a 35-hour-per-week schedule might be considered a full-time employee in one establishment, but classified as part-time in another firm, where a 40-hour week is the minimum full-time schedule. 3 A classification system including about 480 individual occupations is used to cover all workers in the civilian economy. Individual occupations are classified into one of nine major occupational groups. NOTE: Dashes indicate that no data were reported or that data did not meet publication criteria. Overall occupational groups and occupational levels may include data for categories not shown separately. N.E.C. means "not elsewhere classified." Table A-3. Hourly earnings(1) for selected occupations, full-time and part-time workers(2), all industries, Pittsburgh, PA, December 1997 All industries Full-time Part-time Occupation(3) Percentiles Percentiles Mean RSE Mean RSE 10 25 Median 75 90 10 25 Median 75 90 50 50 All occupations....................................................... $16.61 2.0% $7.50 $9.89 $14.17 $19.71 $28.59 $7.94 3.1% $5.15 $5.30 $6.40 $8.25 $13.96 All occupations excluding sales..................................... 16.80 2.0 7.80 10.10 14.42 19.87 28.85 8.48 3.4 5.15 5.40 7.00 9.09 15.85 White-collar occupations............................................ 19.19 2.2 8.37 11.06 15.84 23.98 34.47 9.36 5.0 5.15 5.50 7.00 10.93 17.88 White-collar occupations excluding sales.......................... 19.75 2.2 8.96 11.71 16.42 24.52 34.72 11.92 4.4 5.93 7.05 9.82 15.93 20.23 Professional specialty and technical occupations.................. 23.70 2.7 12.04 15.41 20.34 29.11 40.74 16.43 3.9 8.19 11.55 16.00 19.96 23.83 Professional specialty occupations.............................. 25.51 3.0 13.50 17.29 22.41 31.47 42.70 17.87 4.0 8.19 14.15 17.60 21.32 25.00 Engineers, architects, and surveyors.......................... 26.84 3.8 16.83 21.63 26.87 31.85 36.46 - - - - - - - Civil engineers............................................. 19.83 2.2 13.76 15.50 20.49 21.63 26.50 - - - - - - - Electrical and electronic engineers......................... 29.26 7.1 17.31 23.50 29.07 34.17 42.70 - - - - - - - Industrial engineers........................................ 26.63 5.8 21.31 22.28 25.33 32.20 37.47 - - - - - - - Mechanical engineers........................................ 22.36 5.9 15.51 21.09 21.92 24.52 28.13 - - - - - - - Engineers, N.E.C............................................ 27.07 4.3 17.79 21.86 27.66 31.99 34.33 - - - - - - - Mathematical and computer scientists.......................... 26.47 9.2 17.23 20.15 24.02 29.71 39.63 - - - - - - - Computer systems analysts and scientists.................... 22.66 4.0 14.82 19.20 22.78 26.04 29.50 - - - - - - - Operations and systems researchers and analysts............. 37.22 12.7 20.67 25.00 32.00 46.15 57.69 - - - - - - - Natural scientists............................................ 20.77 10.2 12.29 13.73 19.90 28.25 32.42 - - - - - - - Health related occupations.................................... 19.62 2.2 15.20 17.29 19.26 21.41 25.19 19.34 3.9 14.15 16.00 18.60 21.34 25.00 Registered nurses........................................... 18.93 1.5 15.23 16.76 18.89 20.33 22.31 18.42 3.2 14.07 15.50 18.09 20.15 22.84 Pharmacists................................................. 24.86 2.3 21.49 23.31 25.00 26.87 28.02 - - - - - - - Physical therapists......................................... 24.95 3.4 20.19 22.12 24.93 26.91 30.32 - - - - - - - Therapists, N.E.C........................................... 14.70 16.3 9.75 10.00 12.29 20.39 21.41 - - - - - - - Teachers, college and university.............................. 36.86 9.5 19.23 27.25 33.06 41.00 50.41 - - - - - - - Teachers, post secondary N.E.C.............................. 32.29 10.5 11.54 17.85 34.12 43.13 50.41 - - - - - - - Teachers, except college and university....................... 32.47 4.8 12.59 24.67 33.11 43.91 47.48 14.24 17.7 7.86 8.00 9.29 16.36 27.00 Elementary school teachers.................................. 34.87 4.8 22.62 27.15 33.49 43.91 47.43 - - - - - - - Secondary school teachers................................... 35.39 3.8 23.61 27.57 35.18 45.57 48.28 - - - - - - - Teachers, special education................................. 25.85 25.8 9.62 10.65 26.14 39.01 44.94 - - - - - - - Teachers, N.E.C............................................. 32.96 6.5 6.88 22.01 36.38 47.48 47.48 - - - - - - - Substitute teachers......................................... - - - - - - - 9.26 9.6 7.33 8.00 8.19 9.29 16.36 Vocational and educational counselors....................... 22.35 15.3 10.46 12.59 15.58 36.69 37.05 - - - - - - - Librarians, archivists, and curators.......................... - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Social scientists and urban planners.......................... 18.06 7.9 13.53 13.85 15.41 19.23 26.20 - - - - - - - Psychologists............................................... 17.15 9.9 13.49 13.85 15.06 17.46 20.23 - - - - - - - Social, recreation, and religious workers..................... 13.32 6.6 8.97 10.60 12.54 15.24 19.77 11.13 14.1 6.00 6.00 10.83 15.85 16.00 Social workers.............................................. 13.33 6.9 8.97 10.60 12.32 15.30 20.39 11.50 18.0 6.00 6.00 10.83 15.85 20.11 Lawyers and judges............................................ - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Writers, authors, entertainers, athletes, and professionals, N.E.C...................................................... 23.34 21.0 12.79 15.15 18.27 23.98 46.00 - - - - - - - Editors and reporters....................................... 19.87 11.2 15.73 15.87 18.77 19.78 37.62 - - - - - - - Public relations specialists................................ 15.36 9.8 10.82 12.02 15.38 17.34 22.32 - - - - - - - Professional occupations, N.E.C............................. 15.89 5.4 14.42 14.42 15.58 15.58 19.03 - - - - - - - Technical occupations........................................... $18.01 5.1% $10.50 $12.40 $15.40 $19.16 $27.40 $11.19 3.9% $8.80 $9.60 $10.75 $12.58 $13.80 Clinical laboratory technologists and technicians........... 16.18 2.7 12.78 14.51 17.11 17.76 18.69 - - - - - - - Health record technologists and technicians................. 15.19 7.7 11.75 12.02 14.06 18.15 22.15 - - - - - - - Radiological technicians.................................... 15.18 3.6 11.75 13.08 15.42 17.32 17.92 12.88 6.0 10.40 11.25 12.36 13.44 16.70 Licensed practical nurses................................... 12.49 1.6 10.76 11.86 12.27 13.00 14.07 - - - - - - - Health technologists and technicians, N.E.C................. 12.61 12.3 7.45 9.90 11.11 13.60 17.20 10.17 11.2 6.50 6.50 10.50 13.01 13.01 Electrical and electronic technicians....................... 16.61 10.0 10.50 12.77 15.82 20.06 24.19 - - - - - - - Engineering technicians, N.E.C.............................. 18.72 5.5 15.00 15.30 17.65 21.62 21.79 - - - - - - - Drafters.................................................... 17.21 12.3 8.00 10.60 16.43 23.77 25.96 - - - - - - - Chemical technicians........................................ 16.25 4.6 11.53 13.83 15.99 18.70 19.86 - - - - - - - Science technicians, N.E.C.................................. 16.37 10.5 11.50 11.50 15.42 19.04 21.91 - - - - - - - Computer programmers........................................ 22.02 12.3 13.94 15.38 19.71 27.89 34.62 - - - - - - - Technical and related occupations, N.E.C.................... 15.61 5.7 12.00 13.24 14.54 17.73 19.19 - - - - - - - Executive, administrative, and managerial occupations............. 25.82 3.5 13.95 16.83 22.50 31.34 40.71 - - - - - - - Executives, administrators, and managers...................... 29.18 4.2 14.86 18.14 26.92 33.65 43.85 - - - - - - - Financial managers.......................................... 29.96 9.5 15.86 19.18 24.40 34.72 43.85 - - - - - - - Personnel and labor relations managers...................... 26.14 15.9 16.15 17.75 20.00 36.25 40.71 - - - - - - - Managers., marketing, advertising and public relations...... 37.37 7.9 20.43 30.66 34.62 40.87 69.71 - - - - - - - Administrators, education and related fields................ 28.29 8.0 15.21 19.13 31.34 39.23 39.30 - - - - - - - Managers, medicine and health............................... 26.71 6.4 16.12 22.01 26.24 29.81 34.61 - - - - - - - Managers, service organizations, N.E.C...................... 15.57 10.8 11.06 12.07 12.82 16.96 20.15 - - - - - - - Managers and administrators, N.E.C.......................... 31.49 7.6 14.86 23.00 26.92 34.13 46.15 - - - - - - - Management related occupations................................ 20.41 4.5 13.41 15.30 18.80 23.08 30.53 - - - - - - - Accountants and auditors.................................... 18.77 6.4 13.87 15.00 16.37 23.37 28.85 - - - - - - - Other financial officers.................................... 22.08 11.6 13.70 17.71 21.50 24.44 33.65 - - - - - - - Management analysts......................................... 30.50 15.0 15.38 21.10 29.68 43.71 43.71 - - - - - - - Personnel, training, and labor relations specialists........ 17.49 8.8 10.58 12.56 16.83 19.13 28.54 - - - - - - - Purchasing agents and buyers, N.E.C......................... 17.67 2.6 13.58 16.26 17.25 19.32 19.87 - - - - - - - Management related occupations, N.E.C....................... 19.86 4.2 13.95 14.77 19.71 21.20 28.56 - - - - - - - Sales occupations................................................. 12.64 9.6 5.75 7.00 9.35 14.60 24.17 6.15 3.7 5.15 5.25 5.55 6.50 7.36 Supervisors, sales occupations.............................. 18.16 14.6 10.63 11.54 13.75 20.80 38.62 - - - - - - - Sales occupations, other business services.................. 17.77 11.5 9.09 10.23 12.08 20.19 37.02 - - - - - - - Sales representatives, mining, manufacturing, and wholesale. 18.71 17.8 10.63 12.25 14.00 21.87 33.89 - - - - - - - Sales workers, other commodities............................ 14.64 22.8 7.80 7.80 13.88 14.60 36.06 6.23 4.8 5.25 5.50 5.70 6.50 7.79 Cashiers.................................................... 7.99 15.9 5.15 5.50 6.70 8.00 14.75 5.87 1.7 5.15 5.25 5.45 6.40 7.00 Sales support occupations, N.E.C............................ 9.75 17.1 5.15 5.15 10.33 11.69 18.71 - - - - - - - Administrative support occupations, including clerical............ 11.60 1.8 7.69 8.98 10.99 13.50 16.60 8.46 4.0 5.25 6.25 7.50 9.58 11.58 Supervisors, general office................................. 13.66 3.7 11.73 13.20 13.33 13.46 13.94 - - - - - - - Supervisors, financial records processing................... 16.86 11.9 9.22 12.98 14.41 21.63 29.42 - - - - - - - Supervisors, distribution, scheduling, and adjusting clerks. 15.37 17.9 11.38 11.91 12.02 15.00 26.98 - - - - - - - Secretaries................................................. 12.65 2.5 8.68 10.70 12.69 14.37 16.25 9.20 2.8 7.50 7.79 8.50 9.50 11.28 Stenographers............................................... 11.90 4.4 9.24 10.00 11.64 13.34 14.65 - - - - - - - Typists..................................................... 10.08 15.8 5.15 8.00 9.95 12.94 15.17 - - - - - - - Receptionists............................................... $8.22 5.2% $6.00 $7.00 $8.00 $9.76 $10.39 $7.12 11.0% $5.15 $5.15 $6.29 $9.41 $10.39 Order clerks................................................ 13.37 7.0 6.49 8.46 13.81 19.00 19.00 - - - - - - - Records clerks, N.E.C....................................... 10.89 5.7 7.25 9.88 10.61 12.58 13.34 - - - - - - - Bookkeepers, accounting and auditing clerks................. 10.88 3.4 8.21 8.82 10.50 12.04 14.65 - - - - - - - Payroll and timekeeping clerks.............................. 10.35 14.4 8.13 8.68 9.00 9.09 10.92 - - - - - - - Billing clerks.............................................. 11.04 4.9 9.01 10.00 10.50 11.73 14.23 - - - - - - - Telephone operators......................................... 12.72 6.9 8.83 10.45 10.99 16.80 16.80 - - - - - - - Dispatchers................................................. 11.69 7.6 9.28 9.50 11.20 12.51 16.18 - - - - - - - Traffic, shipping and receiving clerks...................... 10.60 9.4 7.40 8.27 9.73 12.30 15.72 - - - - - - - Stock and inventory clerks.................................. 11.45 6.9 7.80 8.96 10.86 14.00 14.55 - - - - - - - Insurance adjusters, examiners, & investigators............. 13.03 6.1 9.62 10.70 12.25 14.19 18.67 - - - - - - - Investigators and adjusters except insurance................ 10.90 5.2 8.00 8.82 9.54 12.96 16.28 - - - - - - - General office clerks....................................... 11.27 3.9 8.28 9.83 10.25 12.64 16.37 7.60 8.3 6.15 6.25 7.00 7.40 11.39 Bank tellers................................................ 9.26 3.8 7.06 7.64 8.98 10.61 11.82 - - - - - - - Data entry keyers........................................... 8.16 6.3 6.54 7.00 8.02 8.45 10.46 7.94 4.3 6.00 7.00 7.50 8.44 10.00 Teachers' aides............................................. 10.24 5.9 6.89 8.45 10.24 11.56 13.49 - - - - - - - Administrative support occupations, N.E.C................... 10.92 4.1 7.48 9.23 10.62 12.12 14.75 12.69 19.8 7.00 8.17 11.57 14.00 20.00 Blue-collar occupations............................................. 14.21 3.8 7.40 10.03 14.00 17.35 21.52 6.71 4.8 5.15 5.35 5.75 7.25 8.30 Precision production, craft, and repair occupations............... 17.19 5.1 10.35 13.00 16.44 21.91 24.53 - - - - - - - Supervisors, mechanics and repairers........................ 23.49 15.9 11.54 18.67 26.79 28.32 33.78 - - - - - - - Automobile mechanics........................................ 13.32 3.3 10.00 11.88 13.15 14.00 17.05 - - - - - - - Bus, truck, and stationary engine mechanics................. 14.54 6.6 11.50 11.50 15.57 17.15 17.56 - - - - - - - Industrial machinery repairers.............................. 16.62 4.4 13.61 15.30 16.84 17.35 19.00 - - - - - - - Mechanics and repairers, N.E.C.............................. 16.21 4.4 12.27 15.55 16.20 17.92 19.21 - - - - - - - Carpenters.................................................. 15.40 4.3 14.35 14.35 15.55 15.91 15.92 - - - - - - - Plumbers, pipefitters and steamfitters...................... 22.18 5.7 17.67 20.63 23.14 24.63 24.63 - - - - - - - Supervisors, production occupations......................... 18.74 7.7 12.75 15.00 18.75 22.86 23.80 - - - - - - - Electrical and electronic equipment assemblers.............. 10.03 7.6 7.95 8.00 8.47 11.42 14.93 - - - - - - - Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors..................... 12.67 4.5 7.10 9.32 12.94 15.50 17.61 6.58 6.6 5.15 6.00 6.00 7.75 7.90 Grinding, abrading, buffing, and polishing machine operators 14.13 7.3 10.70 13.50 13.99 16.91 16.91 - - - - - - - Fabricating machine operators, N.E.C........................ 13.00 5.5 9.30 11.75 13.98 14.25 14.42 - - - - - - - Laundering and dry cleaning machine operators............... 8.66 3.8 7.44 8.30 8.65 8.73 10.71 - - - - - - - Packaging and filling machine operators..................... 11.75 4.3 8.50 12.06 12.06 12.73 12.73 - - - - - - - Mixing and blending machine operators....................... 14.87 8.8 9.85 11.90 17.00 17.00 17.08 - - - - - - - Furnace, kiln, and oven operators, except food.............. 15.59 11.7 9.85 10.35 15.38 19.42 21.18 - - - - - - - Miscellaneous machine operators, N.E.C...................... 13.63 7.7 8.34 9.94 14.22 16.91 17.61 - - - - - - - Welders and cutters......................................... 16.97 3.5 15.10 16.13 16.55 18.10 19.53 - - - - - - - Assemblers.................................................. 8.95 13.0 6.00 6.00 8.00 10.35 13.86 - - - - - - - Production inspectors, checkers and examiners............... 13.09 6.3 10.08 11.67 12.77 13.90 17.93 - - - - - - - Transportation and material moving occupations.................... 13.26 3.9 7.52 10.00 13.12 16.69 18.25 8.24 9.3 5.15 7.00 7.47 8.50 13.45 Truck drivers............................................... 11.65 5.2 6.55 9.58 12.00 13.49 15.91 - - - - - - - Crane and tower operators................................... 16.05 4.8 12.96 14.57 16.62 18.29 18.86 - - - - - - - Industrial truck and tractor equipment operators............ $12.02 5.7% $7.30 $9.52 $12.51 $14.40 $15.86 - - - - - - - Miscellaneous material moving equipment operators, N.E.C.... 15.52 3.1 11.90 14.65 16.49 16.73 17.14 - - - - - - - Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers............... 11.44 5.4 6.50 7.38 10.25 15.40 17.52 $6.03 3.1% $5.15 $5.30 $5.50 $6.50 $7.58 Production helpers.......................................... 12.15 12.2 5.75 8.00 11.92 15.89 19.44 - - - - - - - Stock handlers and baggers.................................. 9.51 17.7 5.73 6.91 7.25 12.58 17.00 5.71 1.0 5.25 5.35 5.45 5.75 6.65 Freight, stock, and material handlers, N.E.C................ 14.61 10.7 6.50 9.60 17.41 17.88 18.17 - - - - - - - Hand packers and packagers.................................. 8.79 8.7 5.95 6.97 8.30 9.85 13.72 - - - - - - - Laborers except construction, N.E.C......................... 10.90 10.6 6.65 6.90 10.25 14.51 16.86 6.02 6.7 5.15 5.35 5.40 6.15 7.00 Service occupations................................................. 10.37 3.2 6.00 7.48 9.33 11.84 17.96 6.26 3.2 2.83 5.15 6.00 7.25 8.59 Protective service occupations................................ 14.12 12.6 5.55 7.00 14.11 19.71 22.13 6.24 3.5 5.25 5.40 6.00 7.00 7.50 Police and detectives, public service....................... 20.66 4.7 16.76 19.40 20.44 22.15 23.72 - - - - - - - Guards and police except public service..................... 8.45 12.7 5.25 5.70 6.50 10.84 14.11 6.04 2.5 5.25 5.25 6.00 6.60 7.00 Food service occupations...................................... 7.53 4.8 2.83 6.00 7.60 9.23 10.60 5.40 5.0 2.83 4.57 5.30 6.30 7.89 Supervisors, food preparation and service occupations....... 12.26 4.3 10.32 11.15 12.00 13.45 15.60 - - - - - - - Waiters and waitresses...................................... 3.94 15.5 2.83 2.83 2.83 5.50 7.00 3.90 16.6 2.83 2.83 2.83 4.31 7.00 Cooks....................................................... 8.61 4.0 7.00 7.50 8.25 9.75 10.60 6.24 4.0 5.35 5.50 6.00 6.75 7.50 Kitchen workers, food preparation........................... 7.92 2.0 7.00 7.60 7.60 8.75 8.75 6.26 6.0 5.15 5.25 6.15 6.65 8.35 Waiters'/Waitresses' assistants............................. - - - - - - - 4.84 10.2 2.83 4.00 5.25 5.85 6.20 Food preparation occupations, N.E.C......................... 8.41 5.3 5.98 6.89 8.83 9.65 10.33 6.06 3.7 5.15 5.15 5.30 6.70 8.23 Health service occupations.................................... 8.95 3.0 6.75 7.45 8.72 9.99 11.11 7.80 2.6 6.00 7.10 7.60 8.46 9.70 Health aides, except nursing................................ 8.43 6.0 6.50 7.00 8.05 9.42 10.66 8.48 4.1 6.90 7.77 8.94 9.00 9.91 Nursing aides, orderlies and attendants..................... 9.20 2.3 7.10 7.82 8.98 10.25 11.43 7.70 2.9 6.00 7.10 7.46 8.19 9.60 Cleaning and building service occupations..................... 10.91 3.1 7.16 8.65 10.41 12.88 15.02 6.69 5.7 4.75 5.25 6.00 8.29 9.80 Maids and housemen.......................................... 8.58 6.1 6.18 7.64 9.06 9.93 10.36 - - - - - - - Janitors and cleaners....................................... 10.94 3.3 7.43 8.93 10.83 12.79 14.40 6.54 5.7 4.75 5.25 6.00 7.86 9.24 Personal service occupations.................................. 12.47 7.7 7.48 8.85 10.80 17.96 20.12 7.17 10.3 5.15 5.33 6.50 7.10 8.35 Child care workers, N.E.C................................... 9.22 9.5 7.19 7.48 8.92 11.21 11.45 5.75 3.3 5.15 5.15 5.25 6.10 7.00 Service occupations, N.E.C.................................. - - - - - - - 6.58 5.7 5.15 5.35 6.85 7.10 8.33 1 Earnings are the straight-time hourly wages or salaries paid to employees. They include incentive pay, cost-of-living adjustments, and hazard pay. Excluded are premium pay for overtime, vacations, holidays, nonproduction bonuses, and tips. The mean is computed by totaling the pay of all workers and dividing by the number of workers, weighted by hours. The 10th, 25th, 50th, 75th and 90th percentiles designate position in the earnings distribution. At the 50th percentile, the median, half of the workers receive the same as or more than the rate shown, and half receive the same as or less than the rate shown. At the 25th percentile, one-fourth of the workers earn the same as or less than the rate shown. At the 75th percentile, one-fourth earn the same as or more than the rate shown. The 10th and 90th percentiles follow the same logic. 2 Employees are classified as working either a full-time or a part-time schedule based on the definition used by each establishment. Therefore, a worker with a 35-hour-per-week schedule might be considered a full-time employee in one establishment, but classified as part-time in another firm, where a 40-hour week is the minimum full-time schedule. 3 A classification system including about 480 individual occupations is used to cover all workers in the civilian economy. Individual occupations are classified into one of nine major occupational groups. NOTE: Dashes indicate that no data were reported or that data did not meet publication criteria. Overall occupational groups and occupational levels may include data for categories not shown separately. N.E.C. means "not elsewhere classified." Table A-4. Weekly and annual earnings(1) and hours for selected occupations, full-time workers only(2), all industries, Pittsburgh, PA, December 1997 All industries Occupation(3) Mean Weekly earnings Mean Annual earnings weekly annual hours(4) hours Mean RSE Median Mean Median All occupations....................................................... 39.4 $654 2.0% $556 2,001 $33,239 $29,009 All occupations excluding sales..................................... 39.4 661 2.0 566 1,999 33,588 29,411 White-collar occupations............................................ 39.3 754 2.2 626 1,976 37,915 32,546 White-collar occupations excluding sales.......................... 39.3 775 2.2 650 1,970 38,909 33,675 Professional specialty and technical occupations.................. 38.6 916 2.6 810 1,863 44,141 40,677 Professional specialty occupations.............................. 38.8 989 2.9 893 1,826 46,578 43,451 Engineers, architects, and surveyors.......................... 40.0 1,075 3.8 1,075 2,060 55,284 55,328 Civil engineers............................................. 40.0 793 2.2 820 2,080 41,244 42,619 Electrical and electronic engineers......................... 40.0 1,171 7.1 1,163 2,080 60,867 60,466 Industrial engineers........................................ 39.8 1,061 5.9 992 2,072 55,163 51,605 Mechanical engineers........................................ 40.0 894 5.9 877 2,080 46,501 45,594 Engineers, N.E.C............................................ 40.0 1,083 4.3 1,106 2,008 54,337 55,806 Mathematical and computer scientists.......................... 39.5 1,045 9.4 934 2,053 54,340 48,589 Computer systems analysts and scientists.................... 39.3 891 3.8 903 2,046 46,350 46,937 Operations and systems researchers and analysts............. 39.8 1,483 12.8 1,280 2,072 77,124 66,560 Natural scientists............................................ 39.3 817 10.9 760 2,046 42,505 39,520 Health related occupations.................................... 39.8 782 2.2 770 2,072 40,650 40,061 Registered nurses........................................... 39.6 749 1.5 748 2,057 38,937 38,875 Pharmacists................................................. 40.5 1,006 2.2 1,017 2,105 52,313 52,875 Physical therapists......................................... 39.0 974 2.9 968 2,029 50,637 50,349 Therapists, N.E.C........................................... 39.7 584 16.0 492 2,067 30,388 25,563 Teachers, college and university.............................. 36.6 1,350 9.9 1,205 1,561 57,556 56,680 Teachers, post secondary N.E.C.............................. 38.7 1,251 10.0 1,308 1,526 49,265 51,180 Teachers, except college and university....................... 37.2 1,207 4.5 1,275 1,442 46,831 47,709 Elementary school teachers.................................. 37.3 1,301 4.2 1,293 1,388 48,397 48,754 Secondary school teachers................................... 37.5 1,326 3.6 1,314 1,394 49,317 48,322 Teachers, special education................................. 38.3 990 23.9 1,020 1,595 41,235 44,249 Teachers, N.E.C............................................. 36.4 1,201 5.9 1,466 1,458 48,070 56,487 Vocational and educational counselors....................... 38.7 865 15.0 623 1,734 38,747 39,603 Librarians, archivists, and curators.......................... - - - - - - - Social scientists and urban planners.......................... 39.7 717 8.2 610 2,036 36,771 31,762 Psychologists............................................... 39.5 678 10.4 566 2,018 34,613 29,406 Social, recreation, and religious workers..................... 38.4 512 6.3 498 1,999 26,631 25,896 Social workers.............................................. 38.5 513 6.6 481 2,001 26,677 24,999 Lawyers and judges............................................ - - - - - - - Writers, authors, entertainers, athletes, and professionals, N.E.C...................................................... 36.6 855 16.4 731 1,887 44,035 38,006 Editors and reporters....................................... 38.4 763 10.5 731 1,997 39,664 38,006 Public relations specialists................................ 40.0 614 9.8 615 2,080 31,951 31,990 Professional occupations, N.E.C............................. 40.0 636 5.4 623 2,080 33,050 32,406 Technical occupations........................................... 38.2 688 4.3 617 1,988 35,800 32,074 Clinical laboratory technologists and technicians........... 39.9 646 2.7 684 2,075 33,586 35,589 Health record technologists and technicians................. 40.0 608 7.7 562 2,080 31,593 29,245 Radiological technicians.................................... 39.7 602 3.5 616 2,064 31,330 32,032 Licensed practical nurses................................... 39.8 $497 1.8% $491 2,071 $25,863 $25,522 Health technologists and technicians, N.E.C................. 37.7 475 15.6 422 1,959 24,704 21,923 Electrical and electronic technicians....................... 39.1 650 9.3 600 2,035 33,805 31,200 Engineering technicians, N.E.C.............................. 39.2 733 5.4 706 2,037 38,123 36,712 Drafters.................................................... 40.0 688 12.3 657 2,080 35,790 34,174 Chemical technicians........................................ 40.0 650 4.6 640 2,080 33,794 33,259 Science technicians, N.E.C.................................. 40.0 655 10.5 617 2,080 34,046 32,074 Computer programmers........................................ 39.3 865 13.1 769 2,043 44,987 39,998 Technical and related occupations, N.E.C.................... 39.6 618 5.7 574 2,058 32,123 29,848 Executive, administrative, and managerial occupations............. 40.5 1,047 3.8 894 2,103 54,296 46,496 Executives, administrators, and managers...................... 40.9 1,192 4.3 1,076 2,117 61,766 55,973 Financial managers.......................................... 39.5 1,182 9.0 1,125 2,053 61,488 58,500 Personnel and labor relations managers...................... 46.0 1,201 12.7 1,000 2,390 62,467 52,000 Managers., marketing, advertising and public relations...... 39.7 1,483 7.8 1,385 2,063 77,096 72,010 Administrators, education and related fields................ 38.9 1,101 8.2 1,125 1,972 55,781 60,992 Managers, medicine and health............................... 40.0 1,068 6.4 1,050 2,080 55,553 54,579 Managers, service organizations, N.E.C...................... 39.0 607 10.8 503 1,997 31,105 26,166 Managers and administrators, N.E.C.......................... 41.8 1,316 8.2 1,144 2,171 68,357 59,509 Management related occupations................................ 40.0 817 5.1 735 2,080 42,458 38,106 Accountants and auditors.................................... 39.5 741 6.6 638 2,053 38,525 33,197 Other financial officers.................................... 39.8 879 11.5 860 2,070 45,702 44,720 Management analysts......................................... 44.5 1,358 21.1 1,068 2,315 70,600 55,515 Personnel, training, and labor relations specialists........ 39.8 696 8.8 673 2,068 36,151 35,006 Purchasing agents and buyers, N.E.C......................... 40.0 707 2.6 690 2,080 36,755 35,880 Management related occupations, N.E.C....................... 39.8 791 4.6 787 2,071 41,133 40,934 Sales occupations................................................. 39.4 498 9.5 374 2,047 25,882 19,448 Supervisors, sales occupations.............................. 39.9 724 14.5 550 2,073 37,649 28,600 Sales occupations, other business services.................. 40.0 711 11.5 483 2,080 36,958 25,126 Sales representatives, mining, manufacturing, and wholesale. 40.0 748 17.8 560 2,080 38,919 29,120 Sales workers, other commodities............................ 40.0 586 22.8 555 2,080 30,457 28,870 Cashiers.................................................... 37.8 302 16.0 256 1,961 15,667 12,921 Sales support occupations, N.E.C............................ 39.2 382 16.3 413 2,036 19,853 21,486 Administrative support occupations, including clerical............ 39.2 455 2.1 428 2,026 23,497 22,152 Supervisors, general office................................. 41.0 559 5.2 528 2,130 29,084 27,456 Supervisors, financial records processing................... 40.0 674 11.9 576 2,080 35,069 29,973 Supervisors, distribution, scheduling, and adjusting clerks. 40.0 615 17.9 481 2,080 31,961 25,002 Secretaries................................................. 39.2 496 2.9 500 2,033 25,713 26,021 Stenographers............................................... 38.6 460 3.1 466 1,962 23,348 23,629 Typists..................................................... 36.2 365 19.0 292 1,883 18,974 15,169 Receptionists............................................... 39.9 328 5.2 320 2,075 17,065 16,640 Order clerks................................................ 39.2 523 6.6 561 2,036 27,210 29,172 Records clerks, N.E.C....................................... 39.7 432 5.6 424 2,065 22,482 22,069 Bookkeepers, accounting and auditing clerks................. 39.6 430 3.4 420 2,057 22,373 21,840 Payroll and timekeeping clerks.............................. 39.2 406 14.6 360 2,038 21,097 18,720 Billing clerks.............................................. 40.0 442 4.9 420 2,080 22,964 21,840 Telephone operators......................................... 38.8 494 6.2 418 2,019 25,692 21,736 Dispatchers................................................. 39.1 $457 8.4% $388 2,032 $23,762 $20,155 Traffic, shipping and receiving clerks...................... 39.7 421 9.5 365 2,065 21,888 18,974 Stock and inventory clerks.................................. 39.8 456 7.1 415 2,069 23,693 21,567 Insurance adjusters, examiners, & investigators............. 39.1 510 6.0 486 2,034 26,494 25,272 Investigators and adjusters except insurance................ 39.2 427 5.5 378 2,036 22,205 19,635 General office clerks....................................... 39.4 444 3.6 410 2,044 23,043 21,320 Bank tellers................................................ 39.6 367 4.1 355 2,061 19,076 18,450 Data entry keyers........................................... 38.1 311 8.5 310 1,980 16,158 16,099 Teachers' aides............................................. 36.5 374 4.6 376 1,495 15,308 14,652 Administrative support occupations, N.E.C................... 39.7 433 4.3 425 2,064 22,528 22,090 Blue-collar occupations............................................. 40.0 569 3.8 560 2,070 29,413 29,009 Precision production, craft, and repair occupations............... 40.0 687 5.1 670 2,075 35,678 34,382 Supervisors, mechanics and repairers........................ 38.8 912 14.1 1,072 2,019 47,407 55,723 Automobile mechanics........................................ 40.0 533 3.3 526 2,080 27,704 27,352 Bus, truck, and stationary engine mechanics................. 40.0 582 6.6 623 2,080 30,250 32,386 Industrial machinery repairers.............................. 40.1 667 4.5 658 2,083 34,612 34,237 Mechanics and repairers, N.E.C.............................. 40.0 648 4.4 648 2,080 33,721 33,696 Carpenters.................................................. 39.8 613 4.5 622 2,064 31,797 32,344 Plumbers, pipefitters and steamfitters...................... 40.0 887 5.7 926 2,080 46,141 48,131 Supervisors, production occupations......................... 40.4 758 7.1 750 2,103 39,408 39,000 Electrical and electronic equipment assemblers.............. 40.0 401 7.6 339 2,080 20,862 17,618 Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors..................... 40.1 508 4.5 525 2,085 26,416 27,308 Grinding, abrading, buffing, and polishing machine operators 40.0 565 7.3 560 2,080 29,393 29,099 Fabricating machine operators, N.E.C........................ 40.3 524 5.4 559 2,094 27,223 29,078 Laundering and dry cleaning machine operators............... 40.0 346 3.8 346 2,080 18,010 17,992 Packaging and filling machine operators..................... 40.0 470 4.3 482 2,075 24,393 25,085 Mixing and blending machine operators....................... 40.0 595 8.8 680 2,080 30,927 35,360 Furnace, kiln, and oven operators, except food.............. 40.0 624 11.7 615 2,080 32,427 31,990 Miscellaneous machine operators, N.E.C...................... 40.3 549 7.5 569 2,083 28,393 29,578 Welders and cutters......................................... 40.0 679 3.5 662 2,080 35,304 34,424 Assemblers.................................................. 40.0 358 13.0 320 2,080 18,612 16,640 Production inspectors, checkers and examiners............... 41.0 536 5.8 525 2,131 27,884 27,308 Transportation and material moving occupations.................... 40.0 530 3.8 525 2,036 26,994 27,019 Truck drivers............................................... 40.8 476 5.0 480 2,124 24,744 24,960 Crane and tower operators................................... 40.0 642 4.8 665 2,080 33,391 34,570 Industrial truck and tractor equipment operators............ 39.9 480 5.8 500 2,075 24,950 26,021 Miscellaneous material moving equipment operators, N.E.C.... 38.5 598 3.4 627 2,002 31,070 32,624 Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers............... 40.0 457 5.4 416 2,077 23,752 21,632 Production helpers.......................................... 40.6 493 12.2 477 2,112 25,659 24,794 Stock handlers and baggers.................................. 40.0 380 17.7 290 2,080 19,776 15,080 Freight, stock, and material handlers, N.E.C................ 40.0 584 10.7 696 2,080 30,387 36,213 Hand packers and packagers.................................. 39.9 351 8.7 329 2,076 18,242 17,082 Laborers except construction, N.E.C......................... 39.9 435 10.6 410 2,077 22,636 21,320 Service occupations................................................. 38.5 399 3.1 363 1,980 20,543 18,673 Protective service occupations................................ 40.1 $566 12.7% $564 2,069 $29,219 $27,394 Police and detectives, public service....................... 40.0 826 4.7 818 2,080 42,970 42,515 Guards and police except public service..................... 39.9 338 12.6 260 2,043 17,265 13,624 Food service occupations...................................... 37.9 285 5.8 300 1,944 14,635 14,560 Supervisors, food preparation and service occupations....... 41.3 507 3.8 500 2,089 25,620 26,000 Waiters and waitresses...................................... 35.5 140 18.1 99 1,848 7,284 5,151 Cooks....................................................... 39.2 338 4.3 322 2,031 17,480 16,744 Kitchen workers, food preparation........................... 39.7 314 1.7 304 2,065 16,350 15,808 Food preparation occupations, N.E.C......................... 36.8 309 8.7 327 1,827 15,373 16,120 Health service occupations.................................... 39.6 354 2.9 344 2,059 18,425 17,867 Health aides, except nursing................................ 40.0 337 6.0 322 2,080 17,540 16,744 Nursing aides, orderlies and attendants..................... 39.4 363 2.3 352 2,049 18,852 18,308 Cleaning and building service occupations..................... 39.6 432 3.3 414 2,059 22,450 21,549 Maids and housemen.......................................... 39.7 341 6.0 358 2,067 17,728 18,616 Janitors and cleaners....................................... 39.6 433 3.5 430 2,057 22,493 22,360 Personal service occupations.................................. 32.2 402 3.1 440 1,590 19,826 18,970 Child care workers, N.E.C................................... 39.6 365 9.7 357 1,986 18,323 18,554 1 Earnings are the straight-time wages or salaries paid to employees. They include incentive pay, cost-of-living adjustments, and hazard pay. Excluded are premium pay for overtime, vacations, holidays, nonproduction bonuses, and tips. The mean is computed by totaling the pay of all workers and dividing by the number of workers, weighted by hours. The median designates position--one-half of the workers receive the same as or more, and one-half receive the same as or less than the rate shown. 2 Employees are classified as working either a full-time or a part-time schedule based on the definition used by each establishment. Therefore, a worker with a 35-hour-per-week schedule might be considered a full-time employee in one establishment, but classified as part-time in another firm, where a 40-hour week is the minimum full-time schedule. 3 A classification system including about 480 individual occupations is used to cover all workers in the civilian economy. Individual occupations are classified into one of nine major occupational groups. 4 Mean weekly hours are the hours an employee is scheduled to work in a week, exclusive of overtime. NOTE: Dashes indicate that no data were reported or that data did not meet publication criteria. Overall occupational groups and occupational levels may include data for categories not shown separately. N.E.C. means "not elsewhere classified." Table B-1. Mean hourly earnings(1) by occupational group and levels(2), all industries, private industry, State and local government, full-time and part-time workers, Pittsburgh, PA, December 1997 All workers (4) All industries Occupational group(3) and level All industries Private industry State and local Full-time workers Part-time workers government Mean RSE Mean RSE Mean RSE Mean RSE Mean RSE All occupations....................................................... $15.55 2.0% $14.81 2.2% $20.23 3.1% $16.61 2.0% $7.94 3.1% All occupations excluding sales..................................... 15.96 1.9 15.23 2.2 20.28 3.1 16.80 2.0 8.48 3.4 White-collar occupations............................................ 18.10 2.4 17.10 2.7 24.64 3.7 19.19 2.2 9.36 5.0 Level 1................................................... 6.15 2.6 6.04 2.5 - - 6.97 5.9 5.88 2.4 Level 2................................................... 7.51 2.5 7.48 2.5 - - 7.97 2.9 6.57 3.7 Level 3................................................... 8.52 4.2 8.43 4.4 10.08 4.5 9.18 2.3 6.77 7.4 Level 4................................................... 11.63 2.2 11.45 2.6 12.40 2.6 11.82 2.2 9.59 8.5 Level 5................................................... 12.95 2.2 12.87 2.3 14.07 6.1 13.06 2.2 11.04 3.9 Level 6................................................... 15.10 2.3 14.64 2.4 17.08 3.5 15.16 2.3 12.14 7.3 Level 7................................................... 17.49 4.8 16.07 2.0 24.96 13.3 17.72 4.9 14.37 5.7 Level 8................................................... 19.98 4.8 18.55 3.0 26.92 10.6 20.00 5.1 19.69 3.6 Level 9................................................... 25.79 4.0 21.66 3.3 36.36 3.4 26.05 4.1 20.74 4.7 Level 10.................................................. 24.74 3.6 23.78 3.5 - - 24.85 3.6 - - Level 11.................................................. 27.83 2.0 27.53 2.1 30.94 6.5 27.84 2.0 - - Level 12.................................................. 33.94 2.3 33.62 2.4 36.69 8.4 34.07 2.3 - - Level 13.................................................. 44.23 5.3 44.23 5.3 - - 44.07 5.3 - - Level 14.................................................. 75.94 7.3 75.94 7.3 - - 75.94 7.3 - - Not able to be leveled.................................... 19.36 16.0 19.28 16.8 - - 19.88 16.8 13.97 18.7 White-collar occupations excluding sales.......................... 19.20 2.1 18.23 2.4 24.79 3.7 19.75 2.2 11.92 4.4 Level 1................................................... 6.63 7.0 6.25 7.5 - - 7.43 7.1 5.26 0.8 Level 2................................................... 7.99 3.1 7.97 3.1 - - 8.28 3.7 7.18 3.9 Level 3................................................... 9.48 1.5 9.42 1.6 10.19 4.5 9.74 1.6 7.82 3.0 Level 4................................................... 11.86 2.1 11.76 2.6 12.27 2.6 11.97 2.2 10.36 7.3 Level 5................................................... 13.10 2.3 13.02 2.5 14.07 6.1 13.21 2.4 11.22 4.1 Level 6................................................... 15.17 2.4 14.69 2.5 17.08 3.5 15.24 2.4 12.14 7.3 Level 7................................................... 17.43 4.9 15.95 2.1 24.96 13.3 17.66 5.1 14.37 5.7 Level 8................................................... 20.36 5.0 18.82 3.1 26.92 10.6 20.41 5.4 19.69 3.6 Level 9................................................... 25.79 4.0 21.62 3.3 36.36 3.4 26.05 4.2 20.74 4.7 Level 10.................................................. 24.30 3.9 23.14 3.8 - - 24.42 3.9 - - Level 11.................................................. 27.58 2.0 27.25 2.0 30.94 6.5 27.59 2.0 - - Level 12.................................................. 33.74 2.5 33.39 2.7 36.69 8.4 33.86 2.5 - - Level 13.................................................. 44.23 5.3 44.23 5.3 - - 44.07 5.3 - - Level 14.................................................. 75.94 7.3 75.94 7.3 - - 75.94 7.3 - - Not able to be leveled.................................... 19.39 16.1 19.31 16.9 - - 19.88 16.8 13.70 21.0 Professional specialty and technical occupations.................. 23.17 2.6 21.09 3.0 31.04 3.8 23.70 2.7 16.43 3.9 Professional specialty occupations.............................. 24.93 2.8 22.47 3.5 32.03 3.6 25.51 3.0 17.87 4.0 Level 5................................................... 11.61 5.5 11.34 7.0 - - 11.89 6.0 9.45 8.1 Level 6................................................... 16.28 7.3 13.97 15.0 - - 16.42 7.6 - - Level 7................................................... 18.78 8.9 15.71 3.4 26.44 13.6 19.50 9.4 14.45 5.9 Level 8................................................... 21.98 6.4 19.47 2.1 29.08 8.6 22.27 7.0 19.80 3.6 Level 9................................................... 26.87 5.0 19.58 2.4 37.25 3.0 27.34 5.2 20.94 4.8 Level 10.................................................. 22.42 4.7 21.78 5.1 - - 22.55 4.8 - - Level 11.................................................. 27.06 3.2 26.70 3.2 - - 27.06 3.2 - - Level 12.................................................. $33.52 4.1% $32.62 4.3% $40.69 9.9% $33.76 4.3% - - Level 13.................................................. 40.93 7.0 40.82 7.3 - - 40.28 7.0 - - Not able to be leveled.................................... 27.58 26.3 27.58 26.3 - - 28.24 26.1 - - Engineers, architects, and surveyors.......................... 26.84 3.8 27.04 3.8 - - 26.84 3.8 - - Level 7................................................... 18.12 6.6 18.12 6.6 - - 18.12 6.6 - - Level 9................................................... 23.29 4.4 23.29 4.4 - - 23.29 4.4 - - Level 11.................................................. 28.64 2.9 28.64 2.9 - - 28.64 2.9 - - Level 12.................................................. 32.84 3.8 32.84 3.8 - - 32.84 3.8 - - Mathematical and computer scientists.......................... 26.47 9.2 27.42 8.8 - - 26.47 9.2 - - Level 10.................................................. 23.17 1.8 23.17 1.8 - - 23.17 1.8 - - Level 11.................................................. 28.42 8.6 28.42 8.6 - - 28.42 8.6 - - Natural scientists............................................ 20.77 10.2 20.77 10.2 - - 20.77 10.2 - - Health related occupations.................................... 19.57 1.9 19.63 1.9 - - 19.62 2.2 $19.34 3.9% Level 7................................................... 15.85 4.0 15.97 4.5 - - 15.85 5.0 15.84 4.3 Level 8................................................... 19.86 2.0 19.97 2.0 - - 19.90 2.0 19.70 3.6 Level 9................................................... 19.76 1.8 19.76 1.8 - - 19.61 1.9 20.33 4.3 Level 10.................................................. 22.21 4.8 22.21 4.8 - - 22.26 5.0 - - Level 11.................................................. 25.81 2.4 25.79 2.5 - - 25.80 2.5 - - Teachers, college and university.............................. 36.17 9.3 - - - - 36.86 9.5 - - Level 11.................................................. 30.83 3.8 - - - - 30.83 3.8 - - Level 12.................................................. 38.88 4.5 - - - - 40.06 4.3 - - Teachers, except college and university....................... 31.47 4.6 13.33 9.0 34.98 2.9 32.47 4.8 14.24 17.7 Level 7................................................... 25.66 15.6 11.07 4.9 30.23 11.5 28.70 11.6 9.31 11.1 Level 8................................................... 29.68 7.4 19.83 10.8 31.62 6.1 29.98 7.1 - - Level 9................................................... 36.68 3.2 20.89 12.9 37.32 3.1 37.04 3.0 - - Librarians, archivists, and curators.......................... - - - - - - - - - - Social scientists and urban planners.......................... 18.08 7.9 16.30 5.3 - - 18.06 7.9 - - Social, religious, and recreation workers..................... 13.06 6.4 11.70 5.0 - - 13.32 6.6 11.13 14.1 Level 5................................................... 9.89 6.0 8.83 2.1 - - - - - - Level 8................................................... 12.90 7.7 - - - - - - - - Lawyers and judges............................................ - - - - - - - - - - Writers, authors, entertainers, athletes, and professionals, N.E.C...................................................... 23.30 21.0 23.30 21.0 - - 23.34 21.0 - - Level 9................................................... 18.85 5.2 18.85 5.2 - - 18.85 5.2 - - Not able to be leveled.................................... 31.62 27.5 31.62 27.5 - - - - - - Technical occupations........................................... 17.56 5.0 17.64 5.3 16.23 9.0 18.01 5.1 11.19 3.9 Level 3................................................... 10.04 5.3 10.04 5.3 - - - - - - Level 4................................................... 10.91 5.4 10.74 5.4 - - 11.09 5.2 9.28 9.4 Level 5................................................... 13.06 3.2 13.09 3.5 - - 13.35 3.6 11.73 3.4 Level 6................................................... 16.37 4.4 16.10 4.9 - - 16.41 4.4 - - Level 7................................................... 16.28 4.8 16.28 4.8 - - 16.37 4.4 - - Level 8................................................... 17.46 3.5 17.46 3.5 - - 17.49 3.5 - - Level 9................................................... 34.99 11.9 34.99 11.9 - - 35.52 12.0 - - Level 11.................................................. 28.94 4.3 28.94 4.3 - - 28.94 4.3 - - Executive, administrative, and managerial occupations............. 25.82 3.5 25.95 3.8 24.58 6.9 25.82 3.5 - - Level 5................................................... $15.14 7.9% $15.14 7.9% - - $15.14 7.9% - - Level 6................................................... 14.57 3.2 14.18 3.1 - - 14.57 3.2 - - Level 7................................................... 17.08 3.1 16.97 3.1 - - 17.08 3.1 - - Level 8................................................... 18.46 10.5 18.70 12.1 - - 18.46 10.5 - - Level 9................................................... 20.92 3.2 20.76 3.2 - - 20.92 3.2 - - Level 10.................................................. 29.17 6.7 26.40 4.2 - - 29.17 6.7 - - Level 11.................................................. 28.01 2.4 27.67 2.6 - - 28.03 2.4 - - Level 12.................................................. 33.97 2.9 34.20 3.1 - - 33.97 2.9 - - Level 13.................................................. 45.48 6.4 45.48 6.4 - - 45.48 6.4 - - Level 14.................................................. 78.55 8.8 78.55 8.8 - - 78.55 8.8 - - Not able to be leveled.................................... 21.98 6.0 22.09 6.9 - - 21.98 6.0 - - Executives, administrators, and managers...................... 29.17 4.2 29.23 4.5 $28.54 6.6% 29.18 4.2 - - Level 5................................................... 16.83 18.5 16.83 18.5 - - 16.83 18.5 - - Level 7................................................... 16.79 4.7 16.01 3.5 - - 16.79 4.7 - - Level 8................................................... 20.21 19.1 20.72 19.3 - - 20.21 19.1 - - Level 9................................................... 20.21 4.8 19.85 4.9 - - 20.21 4.8 - - Level 10.................................................. 32.46 12.5 24.73 4.8 - - 32.46 12.5 - - Level 11.................................................. 27.68 2.6 27.21 2.8 - - 27.71 2.6 - - Level 12.................................................. 34.01 3.1 34.26 3.2 - - 34.01 3.1 - - Level 13.................................................. 45.91 7.7 45.91 7.7 - - 45.91 7.7 - - Level 14.................................................. 78.55 8.8 78.55 8.8 - - 78.55 8.8 - - Management related occupations................................ 20.41 4.5 20.67 4.8 17.85 5.0 20.41 4.5 - - Level 5................................................... 14.34 5.4 14.34 5.4 - - 14.34 5.4 - - Level 6................................................... 15.05 2.7 14.55 1.9 - - 15.05 2.7 - - Level 7................................................... 17.25 4.0 17.47 4.2 - - 17.25 4.0 - - Level 8................................................... 17.11 5.9 16.82 6.9 - - 17.11 5.9 - - Level 9................................................... 22.06 3.6 22.11 3.6 - - 22.06 3.6 - - Level 11.................................................. 29.68 4.2 29.68 4.2 - - 29.68 4.2 - - Sales occupations................................................. 9.96 8.4 9.91 8.5 - - 12.64 9.6 $6.15 3.7% Level 1................................................... 5.97 2.0 5.97 2.0 - - - - 5.97 2.2 Level 2................................................... 6.56 3.7 6.56 3.7 - - - - 5.87 2.2 Level 3................................................... 6.50 5.8 6.48 5.8 - - 6.86 4.2 6.21 9.2 Level 4................................................... 8.70 12.2 7.74 7.3 - - 9.37 12.9 - - Level 5................................................... 11.49 2.8 11.49 2.8 - - 11.62 3.2 - - Level 6................................................... 14.22 4.2 14.22 4.2 - - 14.22 4.2 - - Level 8................................................... 16.47 7.2 16.47 7.2 - - 16.47 7.2 - - Level 11.................................................. 33.64 10.0 33.64 10.0 - - 33.64 10.0 - - Administrative support occupations, including clerical............ 11.27 1.7 11.17 1.9 12.03 2.9 11.60 1.8 8.46 4.0 Level 1................................................... 6.63 7.0 6.25 7.5 - - 7.43 7.1 5.26 0.8 Level 2................................................... 7.99 3.1 7.97 3.1 - - 8.28 3.7 7.18 3.9 Level 3................................................... 9.45 1.6 9.39 1.6 10.19 4.5 9.72 1.6 7.66 3.0 Level 4................................................... 12.07 2.2 12.03 2.7 12.20 2.6 12.15 2.3 10.87 8.0 Level 5................................................... 12.82 2.1 12.60 2.0 15.95 8.3 12.85 2.0 - - Level 6................................................... 14.14 2.5 14.08 2.7 - - 14.24 2.5 - - Level 7................................................... 14.93 2.9 14.93 2.9 - - 14.93 2.9 - - Blue-collar occupations............................................... $13.81 3.8% $13.65 4.3% $15.42 3.3% $14.21 3.8% $6.71 4.8% Level 1................................................... 8.27 6.2 8.00 6.6 - - 8.77 7.0 5.93 4.7 Level 2................................................... 9.55 5.6 9.27 6.2 11.86 6.4 10.13 6.2 7.45 7.6 Level 3................................................... 11.00 3.9 10.87 4.1 - - 11.23 3.8 6.51 10.0 Level 4................................................... 13.22 4.2 13.20 4.4 - - 13.22 4.2 - - Level 5................................................... 14.04 3.1 13.89 3.4 16.00 3.5 14.04 3.1 - - Level 6................................................... 16.51 4.6 16.13 6.8 17.27 1.6 16.51 4.6 - - Level 7................................................... 19.61 5.2 20.05 5.4 16.40 3.6 19.61 5.2 - - Level 8................................................... 17.91 5.8 17.59 6.3 - - 17.91 5.8 - - Level 9................................................... 24.97 8.2 24.97 8.2 - - 24.97 8.2 - - Precision production, craft, and repair occupations............... 17.17 5.2 17.35 5.4 15.08 3.3 17.19 5.1 - - Level 4................................................... 12.21 12.2 12.33 14.0 - - 12.21 12.2 - - Level 5................................................... 13.37 3.7 13.30 3.8 - - 13.37 3.7 - - Level 6................................................... 16.31 7.7 16.32 8.4 - - 16.31 7.7 - - Level 7................................................... 20.19 5.5 20.77 5.4 15.67 3.4 20.19 5.5 - - Level 8................................................... 17.50 6.7 17.50 6.7 - - 17.50 6.7 - - Level 9................................................... 24.97 8.2 24.97 8.2 - - 24.97 8.2 - - Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors..................... 12.57 4.6 12.56 4.6 - - 12.67 4.5 6.58 6.6 Level 1................................................... 7.17 9.6 7.17 9.6 - - 7.27 9.7 - - Level 2................................................... 10.35 6.3 10.40 6.4 - - 10.45 6.5 - - Level 3................................................... 10.22 8.2 10.22 8.2 - - 10.31 8.2 - - Level 4................................................... 12.95 6.8 12.95 6.8 - - 12.95 6.8 - - Level 5................................................... 13.97 6.4 13.97 6.4 - - 13.97 6.4 - - Level 6................................................... 15.66 8.0 15.66 8.0 - - 15.66 8.0 - - Level 7................................................... 16.75 4.1 16.83 4.3 - - 16.75 4.1 - - Transportation and material moving occupations.................... 12.87 3.8 11.83 4.1 16.35 3.6 13.26 3.9 8.24 9.3 Level 2................................................... 9.78 8.9 8.79 9.7 - - 9.96 11.3 - - Level 3................................................... 10.99 3.8 10.88 4.0 - - 11.19 3.3 - - Level 4................................................... 13.72 4.0 13.63 4.1 - - 13.72 4.0 - - Level 5................................................... 15.13 3.1 15.03 4.2 - - 15.13 3.1 - - Level 7................................................... 17.48 2.9 - - - - 17.48 2.9 - - Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers.............. 10.65 5.2 10.30 5.7 14.08 6.9 11.44 5.4 6.03 3.1 Level 1................................................... 8.78 7.5 8.48 8.1 - - 9.43 8.5 5.72 2.9 Level 2................................................... 9.25 10.3 9.05 11.3 - - 10.35 12.0 6.37 4.8 Level 3................................................... 11.75 9.4 11.48 10.1 - - 12.26 8.7 - - Level 4................................................... 13.88 5.6 13.79 6.1 - - 13.88 5.6 - - Level 5................................................... 15.56 5.8 15.03 6.2 - - 15.56 5.8 - - Service occupations................................................. 9.26 2.8 8.05 2.6 13.80 4.5 10.37 3.2 6.26 3.2 Level 1................................................... 6.58 4.6 6.04 4.7 10.57 4.0 7.70 6.7 5.60 5.4 Level 2................................................... 7.41 5.0 6.87 4.5 10.77 11.7 8.74 6.1 6.22 5.4 Level 3................................................... 8.13 3.8 7.44 3.6 11.19 1.9 8.50 3.9 6.59 4.0 Level 4................................................... 9.73 4.4 9.25 4.9 11.69 5.4 9.81 4.1 9.06 16.4 Level 5................................................... 14.58 4.2 14.76 4.8 - - 14.60 4.2 - - Level 6................................................... $14.90 4.9% $13.47 5.1% - - $14.96 4.9% - - Level 7................................................... 17.72 7.0 - - $19.62 4.3% 17.72 7.0 - - Level 8................................................... 19.50 7.1 - - - - 19.50 7.1 - - Protective service occupations.............................. 12.74 13.5 8.07 12.4 17.72 6.1 14.12 12.6 $6.24 3.5% Level 3................................................... 6.50 4.6 6.50 4.7 - - 6.71 6.3 6.03 2.3 Level 7................................................... 19.01 4.8 - - 19.81 4.7 19.01 4.8 - - Level 8................................................... 21.63 2.0 - - - - 21.63 2.0 - - Food service occupations..................................... 6.54 4.3 6.29 4.8 9.39 3.4 7.53 4.8 5.40 5.0 Level 1................................................... 5.18 7.0 4.96 7.3 - - 5.48 9.9 5.00 8.6 Level 2................................................... 6.23 7.3 6.15 7.5 - - 7.68 4.7 5.87 7.9 Level 3................................................... 6.54 8.6 5.81 7.3 - - 6.93 9.7 5.69 6.9 Level 4................................................... 8.08 3.2 7.90 2.7 - - 8.19 3.0 - - Health service occupations.................................. 8.78 2.5 8.38 2.4 11.25 3.0 8.95 3.0 7.80 2.6 Level 2................................................... 7.92 5.0 7.66 4.8 - - 8.05 5.1 7.39 6.1 Level 3................................................... 8.83 4.9 8.15 3.6 - - 8.95 5.8 7.87 3.2 Level 4................................................... 8.98 3.0 8.95 3.2 - - 9.21 2.6 7.88 4.4 Cleaning and building service occupations................... 10.14 4.2 9.09 5.3 12.63 4.3 10.91 3.1 6.69 5.7 Level 1................................................... 8.15 7.1 7.57 6.5 - - 8.94 6.3 6.56 6.6 Level 2................................................... 9.45 14.8 7.56 10.8 - - 11.73 13.4 6.44 12.7 Level 3................................................... 9.96 3.7 8.85 4.5 11.24 2.2 10.09 3.9 - - Level 4................................................... 12.78 4.5 12.41 6.0 - - 12.78 4.5 - - Personal service occupations................................ 10.53 7.2 10.39 8.5 11.28 4.0 12.47 7.7 7.17 10.3 Level 1................................................... 6.91 9.2 5.97 5.7 - - - - 5.97 5.7 Level 2................................................... 6.61 8.5 6.30 8.7 - - - - 6.33 10.0 Level 3................................................... 7.92 5.8 7.92 5.9 - - 8.25 4.7 - - Level 4................................................... 12.55 16.9 13.66 28.0 - - 12.03 8.9 - - 1 Earnings are the straight-time hourly wages or salaries paid to employees. They include incentive pay, cost-of-living adjustments, and hazard pay. Excluded are premium pay for overtime, vacations, holidays, nonproduction bonuses, and tips. The mean is computed by totaling the pay of all workers and dividing by the number of workers, weighted by hours. 2 Each occupation for which wage data are collected in an establishment is evaluated based on 10 factors, including knowledge, complexity, work environment, etc. Points are assigned based on the occupation's ranking within each factor. The points are summed to determine the overall level of the occupation. See technical note for more information. 3 A classification system including about 480 individual occupations is used to cover all workers in the civilian economy. Individual occupations are classified into one of nine major occupational groups. 4 All workers include full-time and part-time workers. Employees are classified as working either a full-time or a part-time schedule based on the definition used by each establishment. Therefore, a worker with a 35-hour-per-week schedule might be considered a full-time employee in one establishment, but classified as part-time in another firm, where a 40-hour week is the minimum full-time schedule. NOTE: Dashes indicate that no data were reported or that data did not meet publication criteria. Overall occupational groups and occupational levels may include data for categories not shown separately. N.E.C. means "not elsewhere classified." Table B-2. Mean hourly earnings(1) for selected occupations and levels(2), all industries, private industry, State and local government, full-time and part-time workers, Pittsburgh, PA, December 1997 All workers(4) All industries Occupation(3) and level All industries Private industry State and local Full-time workers Part-time workers government Mean RSE Mean RSE Mean RSE Mean RSE Mean RSE White-collar occupations: Professional specialty and technical occupations: Professional specialty occupations: Civil engineers............................................. $19.83 2.2% - - - - $19.83 2.2% - - Electrical and electronic engineers......................... 29.26 7.1 $29.26 7.1% - - 29.26 7.1 - - Industrial engineers........................................ 26.63 5.8 26.63 5.8 - - 26.63 5.8 - - Mechanical engineers........................................ 22.36 5.9 22.36 5.9 - - 22.36 5.9 - - Engineers, N.E.C............................................ 27.07 4.3 27.07 4.3 - - 27.07 4.3 - - Level 9................................................... 24.04 4.8 24.04 4.8 - - 24.04 4.8 - - Computer systems analysts and scientists.................... 22.66 4.0 23.58 3.0 - - 22.66 4.0 - - Level 11.................................................. 25.83 3.6 25.83 3.6 - - 25.83 3.6 - - Operations and systems researchers and analysts............. 37.22 12.7 37.22 12.7 - - 37.22 12.7 - - Registered nurses........................................... 18.81 1.3 18.95 1.3 - - 18.93 1.5 $18.42 3.2% Level 7................................................... 16.63 2.2 16.89 2.3 - - 16.91 2.4 15.84 4.3 Level 8................................................... 19.08 1.2 19.18 1.1 - - 19.08 1.3 19.06 2.8 Level 9................................................... 19.16 1.6 19.16 1.6 - - 18.90 1.2 19.93 4.9 Level 11.................................................. 25.68 5.1 - - - - - - - - Pharmacists................................................. 24.84 2.0 24.84 2.0 - - 24.86 2.3 - - Physical therapists......................................... 25.00 3.1 25.00 3.1 - - 24.95 3.4 - - Level 9................................................... 25.25 3.0 25.25 3.0 - - - - - - Therapists, N.E.C........................................... 14.70 16.3 14.14 16.9 - - 14.70 16.3 - - Teachers, post secondary N.E.C.............................. 32.31 10.3 - - - - 32.29 10.5 - - Elementary school teachers.................................. 34.82 4.9 - - $35.41 4.7% 34.87 4.8 - - Level 8................................................... 30.14 5.3 - - 30.90 4.6 30.14 5.3 - - Level 9................................................... 37.04 5.0 - - 37.66 4.5 37.13 4.9 - - Secondary school teachers................................... 35.22 4.0 27.68 5.4 35.67 4.0 35.39 3.8 - - Level 8................................................... 32.17 5.2 - - - - 32.17 5.2 - - Level 9................................................... 36.29 4.7 - - 36.81 4.6 36.32 4.6 - - Teachers, special education................................. 25.52 24.8 - - 36.47 4.7 25.85 25.8 - - Level 9................................................... 36.47 4.7 - - 36.47 4.7 36.09 4.2 - - Teachers, N.E.C............................................. 31.99 6.6 9.43 14.0 37.32 5.0 32.96 6.5 - - Level 9................................................... 36.98 4.4 - - - - 38.12 4.2 - - Substitute teachers......................................... 10.07 10.3 - - 10.34 10.4 - - 9.26 9.6 Level 7................................................... 9.47 10.7 - - - - - - 9.47 10.7 Vocational and educational counselors....................... 22.14 15.1 13.21 4.8 - - 22.35 15.3 - - Psychologists............................................... 17.19 9.8 15.09 3.1 - - 17.15 9.9 - - Social workers.............................................. 13.16 6.8 11.70 5.3 - - 13.33 6.9 11.50 18.0 Level 5................................................... 10.10 6.2 - - - - - - - - Editors and reporters....................................... 19.87 11.2 19.87 11.2 - - 19.87 11.2 - - Public relations specialists................................ 15.36 9.8 15.36 9.8 - - 15.36 9.8 - - Technical occupations: Clinical laboratory technologists and technicians........... 15.90 2.9 15.90 2.9 - - 16.18 2.7 - - Health record technologists and technicians................. 15.19 7.7 15.19 7.7 - - 15.19 7.7 - - Radiological technicians.................................... 14.77 3.5 14.77 3.5 - - 15.18 3.6 12.88 6.0 Level 7................................................... 16.82 2.4 16.82 2.4 - - - - - - Licensed practical nurses................................... $12.32 1.8% $12.11 1.8% - - $12.49 1.6% - - Level 4................................................... 12.70 4.8 - - - - 12.90 5.2 - - Level 5................................................... 12.00 2.5 11.84 3.0 - - 12.29 1.6 - - Level 6................................................... 12.60 2.6 - - - - 12.60 2.6 - - Health technologists and technicians, N.E.C................. 12.31 12.2 12.31 12.2 - - 12.61 12.3 $10.17 11.2% Level 4................................................... 9.37 11.2 9.37 11.2 - - 9.69 10.0 - - Level 5................................................... 12.55 6.3 12.55 6.3 - - - - - - Electrical and electronic technicians....................... 16.61 10.0 16.61 10.0 - - 16.61 10.0 - - Engineering technicians, N.E.C.............................. 18.72 5.5 18.80 8.1 - - 18.72 5.5 - - Drafters.................................................... 17.21 12.3 17.21 12.3 - - 17.21 12.3 - - Chemical technicians........................................ 16.25 4.6 16.27 4.6 - - 16.25 4.6 - - Science technicians, N.E.C.................................. 15.86 9.5 15.86 9.5 - - 16.37 10.5 - - Computer programmers........................................ 21.33 12.4 21.33 12.4 - - 22.02 12.3 - - Technical and related occupations, N.E.C.................... 15.34 5.6 15.34 5.6 - - 15.61 5.7 - - Executive, administrative, and managerial occupations: Financial managers.......................................... 29.96 9.5 29.96 9.5 - - 29.96 9.5 - - Level 11.................................................. 29.57 8.4 29.57 8.4 - - 29.57 8.4 - - Personnel and labor relations managers...................... 26.14 15.9 26.14 15.9 - - 26.14 15.9 - - Managers., marketing, advertising and public relations...... 37.37 7.9 37.37 7.9 - - 37.37 7.9 - - Administrators, education and related fields................ 28.23 8.0 25.06 17.1 $30.96 8.7% 28.29 8.0 - - Level 11.................................................. 29.98 5.9 - - - - 30.26 5.9 - - Managers, medicine and health............................... 26.71 6.4 26.71 6.4 - - 26.71 6.4 - - Level 9................................................... 21.86 16.1 21.86 16.1 - - 21.86 16.1 - - Level 11.................................................. 27.76 2.3 27.76 2.3 - - 27.76 2.3 - - Managers, service organizations, N.E.C...................... 15.57 10.8 15.57 10.8 - - 15.57 10.8 - - Managers and administrators, N.E.C.......................... 31.49 7.6 31.76 7.8 - - 31.49 7.6 - - Level 9................................................... 21.06 7.1 21.40 7.2 - - 21.06 7.1 - - Level 11.................................................. 26.07 4.1 26.01 4.5 - - 26.07 4.1 - - Level 12.................................................. 36.23 3.0 36.37 3.1 - - 36.23 3.0 - - Level 13.................................................. 49.86 12.3 49.86 12.3 - - 49.86 12.3 - - Accountants and auditors.................................... 18.77 6.4 19.17 7.3 - - 18.77 6.4 - - Other financial officers.................................... 22.08 11.6 22.08 11.6 - - 22.08 11.6 - - Management analysts......................................... 30.50 15.0 30.50 15.0 - - 30.50 15.0 - - Personnel, training, and labor relations specialists........ 17.49 8.8 17.49 8.8 - - 17.49 8.8 - - Purchasing agents and buyers, N.E.C......................... 17.67 2.6 17.67 2.6 - - 17.67 2.6 - - Management related occupations, N.E.C....................... 19.86 4.2 20.05 4.2 - - 19.86 4.2 - - Level 7................................................... 14.72 4.0 15.04 3.5 - - 14.72 4.0 - - Level 9................................................... 20.48 1.1 - - - - 20.48 1.1 - - Sales occupations: Supervisors, sales occupations.............................. 18.16 14.6 18.16 14.6 - - 18.16 14.6 - - Level 5................................................... 11.67 5.1 11.67 5.1 - - 11.67 5.1 - - Level 8................................................... 16.34 8.5 16.34 8.5 - - 16.34 8.5 - - Sales occupations, other business services.................. 16.11 14.7 16.11 14.7 - - 17.77 11.5 - - Sales representatives, mining, manufacturing, and wholesale. 18.71 17.8 18.71 17.8 - - 18.71 17.8 - - Sales workers, apparel...................................... 6.37 4.7 6.37 4.7 - - - - - - Sales workers, other commodities............................ $9.92 18.8% $9.92 18.8% - - $14.64 22.8% $6.23 4.8% Cashiers.................................................... 6.36 5.6 5.98 1.4 - - 7.99 15.9 5.87 1.7 Level 1................................................... 5.82 2.1 5.82 2.1 - - - - 5.82 2.1 Level 2................................................... 5.84 2.1 5.84 2.1 - - - - - - Level 3................................................... 6.20 5.2 6.10 5.1 - - - - 6.03 5.9 Demonstrators, promoters, and models, sales................. 5.95 1.8 5.95 1.8 - - - - - - Level 1................................................... 5.95 1.8 5.95 1.8 - - - - - - Sales support occupations, N.E.C............................ 9.34 17.9 9.34 17.9 - - 9.75 17.1 - - Administrative support occupations, including clerical: Supervisors, general office................................. 13.66 3.7 13.66 3.7 - - 13.66 3.7 - - Supervisors, financial records processing................... 16.86 11.9 16.86 11.9 - - 16.86 11.9 - - Supervisors, distribution, scheduling, and adjusting clerks. 15.37 17.9 15.37 17.9 - - 15.37 17.9 - - Secretaries................................................. 12.40 2.6 12.09 3.0 $13.35 4.2% 12.65 2.5 9.20 2.8 Level 3................................................... 10.49 4.8 10.28 4.7 - - 10.52 4.9 - - Level 4................................................... 11.37 3.2 10.75 4.1 12.46 3.6 11.55 3.4 9.46 4.6 Level 5................................................... 13.74 3.7 13.21 2.7 - - 13.74 3.7 - - Level 6................................................... 14.62 2.7 14.59 2.8 - - 14.62 2.7 - - Stenographers............................................... 11.90 4.4 10.99 1.8 - - 11.90 4.4 - - Typists..................................................... - - - - - - 10.08 15.8 - - Interviewers................................................ 10.43 5.3 10.43 5.3 - - - - - - Level 3................................................... 9.57 2.5 9.57 2.5 - - - - - - Receptionists............................................... 8.01 5.3 8.01 5.3 - - 8.22 5.2 7.12 11.0 Level 2................................................... 7.83 3.8 7.83 3.8 - - 7.70 3.4 - - Level 3................................................... 9.39 5.5 9.39 5.5 - - 9.76 4.4 - - Information clerks, N.E.C................................... 10.87 9.7 10.87 9.7 - - - - - - Order clerks................................................ 13.17 7.4 13.17 7.4 - - 13.37 7.0 - - Library clerks.............................................. 8.43 6.1 - - - - - - - - Records clerks, N.E.C....................................... 10.73 5.2 10.73 5.2 - - 10.89 5.7 - - Level 3................................................... 10.05 6.0 10.05 6.0 - - - - - - Bookkeepers, accounting and auditing clerks................. 10.77 3.3 10.75 3.6 - - 10.88 3.4 - - Level 2................................................... 8.47 3.4 8.47 3.4 - - - - - - Level 3................................................... 9.77 3.0 9.81 3.6 - - 9.83 3.1 - - Level 4................................................... 10.76 4.0 10.82 4.1 - - 10.76 4.0 - - Level 5................................................... 12.22 3.2 - - - - 12.51 2.6 - - Payroll and timekeeping clerks.............................. 10.02 12.3 10.02 12.6 - - 10.35 14.4 - - Billing clerks.............................................. 11.04 4.9 11.04 4.9 - - 11.04 4.9 - - Level 4................................................... 11.16 5.7 11.16 5.7 - - 11.16 5.7 - - Telephone operators......................................... 11.53 8.1 11.53 8.1 - - 12.72 6.9 - - Level 2................................................... 11.71 10.8 11.71 10.8 - - - - - - Dispatchers................................................. 11.36 6.8 - - - - 11.69 7.6 - - Traffic, shipping and receiving clerks...................... 10.55 9.3 10.55 9.3 - - 10.60 9.4 - - Stock and inventory clerks.................................. 11.06 7.1 10.90 7.9 - - 11.45 6.9 - - Level 3................................................... 10.90 8.4 10.90 8.4 - - - - - - Insurance adjusters, examiners, & investigators............. 13.03 6.1 13.03 6.1 - - 13.03 6.1 - - Level 4................................................... 10.79 6.2 10.79 6.2 - - 10.79 6.2 - - Level 5................................................... $13.06 1.8% $13.06 1.8% - - $13.06 1.8% - - Investigators and adjusters except insurance................ 10.90 5.2 10.90 5.2 - - 10.90 5.2 - - General office clerks....................................... 10.64 4.3 10.48 4.5 $11.11 9.7% 11.27 3.9 $7.60 8.3% Level 2................................................... 7.05 8.2 - - - - - - - - Level 3................................................... 9.17 4.3 9.17 4.3 - - 9.62 1.3 - - Level 4................................................... 11.90 4.8 12.09 5.1 - - 11.95 5.2 - - Bank tellers................................................ 8.87 3.8 8.87 3.8 - - 9.26 3.8 - - Data entry keyers........................................... 8.09 4.4 8.09 4.4 - - 8.16 6.3 7.94 4.3 Level 2................................................... 7.51 3.7 7.51 3.7 - - 7.66 5.4 - - Teachers' aides............................................. 9.81 5.6 - - 10.10 5.5 10.24 5.9 - - Administrative support occupations, N.E.C................... 11.06 4.3 11.09 4.6 - - 10.92 4.1 12.69 19.8 Level 3................................................... 10.28 6.3 10.30 7.2 - - 10.31 7.3 - - Level 4................................................... 10.73 4.3 10.70 5.1 - - 10.70 4.5 - - Level 6................................................... 14.05 7.6 14.05 7.6 - - - - - - Professional occupations, N.E.C............................. 15.89 5.4 15.89 5.4 - - 15.89 5.4 - - Blue-collar occupations: Precision production, craft, and repair occupations: Supervisors, mechanics and repairers........................ 23.49 15.9 23.49 15.9 - - 23.49 15.9 - - Automobile mechanics........................................ 13.32 3.3 12.94 3.3 - - 13.32 3.3 - - Bus, truck, and stationary engine mechanics................. 14.54 6.6 - - - - 14.54 6.6 - - Industrial machinery repairers.............................. 16.62 4.4 16.62 4.4 - - 16.62 4.4 - - Mechanics and repairers, N.E.C.............................. 16.21 4.4 16.21 4.4 - - 16.21 4.4 - - Carpenters.................................................. 15.40 4.3 - - - - 15.40 4.3 - - Plumbers, pipefitters and steamfitters...................... 22.18 5.7 22.27 5.6 - - 22.18 5.7 - - Level 7................................................... 22.73 4.9 - - - - 22.73 4.9 - - Supervisors, production occupations......................... 18.74 7.7 18.74 7.7 - - 18.74 7.7 - - Electrical and electronic equipment assemblers.............. 10.03 7.6 10.03 7.6 - - 10.03 7.6 - - Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors: Grinding, abrading, buffing, and polishing machine operators 14.13 7.3 14.13 7.3 - - 14.13 7.3 - - Fabricating machine operators, N.E.C........................ 13.00 5.5 13.00 5.5 - - 13.00 5.5 - - Laundering and dry cleaning machine operators............... 8.29 4.2 8.33 4.4 - - 8.66 3.8 - - Packaging and filling machine operators..................... 11.75 4.3 11.75 4.3 - - 11.75 4.3 - - Mixing and blending machine operators....................... 14.87 8.8 14.87 8.8 - - 14.87 8.8 - - Furnace, kiln, and oven operators, except food.............. 15.59 11.7 15.66 13.9 - - 15.59 11.7 - - Miscellaneous machine operators, N.E.C...................... 13.63 7.7 13.63 7.7 - - 13.63 7.7 - - Welders and cutters......................................... 16.97 3.5 16.97 3.5 - - 16.97 3.5 - - Assemblers.................................................. 8.80 13.6 8.80 13.6 - - 8.95 13.0 - - Production inspectors, checkers and examiners............... 13.09 6.3 13.09 6.3 - - 13.09 6.3 - - Transportation and material moving occupations: Truck drivers............................................... 11.44 5.1 11.17 5.3 - - 11.65 5.2 - - Level 2................................................... 8.20 10.1 7.46 4.9 - - 8.47 14.2 - - Level 5................................................... 14.37 6.1 14.15 6.4 - - 14.37 6.1 - - Bus drivers................................................. 14.74 9.2 - - - - - - - - Crane and tower operators................................... 16.05 4.8 16.05 4.8 - - 16.05 4.8 - - Industrial truck and tractor equipment operators............ $12.02 5.7% $12.02 5.7% - - $12.02 5.7% - - Level 3................................................... 10.69 8.8 10.69 8.8 - - 10.69 8.8 - - Level 4................................................... 12.98 7.2 12.98 7.2 - - 12.98 7.2 - - Miscellaneous material moving equipment operators, N.E.C.... 15.52 3.1 - - - - 15.52 3.1 - - Level 5................................................... 15.50 3.2 - - - - 15.50 3.2 - - Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers: Production helpers.......................................... 12.15 12.2 12.15 12.2 - - 12.15 12.2 - - Level 4................................................... 15.35 7.2 15.35 7.2 - - 15.35 7.2 - - Level 5................................................... 16.62 5.2 16.62 5.2 - - 16.62 5.2 - - Stock handlers and baggers.................................. 6.96 10.8 6.96 10.8 - - 9.51 17.7 $5.71 1.0% Level 1................................................... 5.92 7.1 5.92 7.1 - - - - 5.50 1.8 Level 2................................................... 6.52 7.1 6.52 7.1 - - - - - - Freight, stock, and material handlers, N.E.C................ 13.08 13.7 13.08 13.7 - - 14.61 10.7 - - Level 3................................................... 10.61 17.1 10.61 17.1 - - - - - - Vehicle washers and equipment cleaners...................... 9.15 19.3 9.15 19.3 - - - - - - Hand packers and packagers.................................. 8.67 8.0 8.67 8.0 - - 8.79 8.7 - - Laborers except construction, N.E.C......................... 10.54 9.8 9.95 10.4 $13.98 10.7% 10.90 10.6 6.02 6.7 Level 1................................................... 9.04 11.0 8.28 10.9 - - 9.22 11.8 - - Level 2................................................... 9.17 15.1 9.17 15.1 - - - - - - Level 4................................................... 14.57 14.6 - - - - 14.57 14.6 - - Service occupations: Protective service occupations: Police and detectives, public service....................... 20.66 4.7 - - 20.66 4.7 20.66 4.7 - - Guards and police except public service..................... 7.80 10.6 7.36 9.8 - - 8.45 12.7 6.04 2.5 Level 3................................................... 6.51 4.8 6.51 4.8 - - 6.71 6.3 - - Food service occupations: Supervisors, food preparation and service occupations....... 11.06 7.1 11.06 7.1 - - 12.26 4.3 - - Waiters and waitresses...................................... 3.92 12.5 3.92 12.5 - - 3.94 15.5 3.90 16.6 Level 1................................................... 3.60 16.8 3.60 16.8 - - - - 4.01 22.5 Cooks....................................................... 8.06 3.9 7.90 3.8 - - 8.61 4.0 6.24 4.0 Level 2................................................... 6.84 5.6 6.84 5.6 - - - - 6.51 5.5 Level 4................................................... 8.22 4.3 7.98 3.8 - - 8.38 4.1 - - Kitchen workers, food preparation........................... 7.52 3.6 7.49 3.7 - - 7.92 2.0 6.26 6.0 Level 2................................................... 7.57 10.1 - - - - - - - - Waiters'/Waitresses' assistants............................. 5.28 6.9 5.28 6.9 - - - - 4.84 10.2 Food preparation occupations, N.E.C......................... 6.93 4.1 6.33 3.3 9.27 3.6 8.41 5.3 6.06 3.7 Level 1................................................... 6.37 4.7 6.06 4.3 - - 7.94 7.5 5.67 4.0 Level 3................................................... 8.67 5.8 7.43 5.0 - - 8.88 6.3 - - Health service occupations: Health aides, except nursing................................ 8.44 5.6 8.41 5.6 - - 8.43 6.0 8.48 4.1 Level 4................................................... 9.03 4.3 9.03 4.3 - - 9.02 4.5 - - Nursing aides, orderlies and attendants..................... 8.92 2.1 8.37 2.3 11.28 3.1 9.20 2.3 7.70 2.9 Level 2................................................... 7.94 5.2 7.66 5.0 - - 8.05 5.1 7.33 7.6 Level 3................................................... 9.47 3.2 8.43 3.0 - - 9.83 3.1 7.70 4.1 Level 4................................................... $8.94 4.0% $8.89 4.4% - - $9.38 3.0% $7.72 4.2% Cleaning and building service occupations: Maids and housemen.......................................... 8.56 5.6 8.18 6.0 - - 8.58 6.1 - - Level 2................................................... 8.87 4.5 - - - - - - - - Janitors and cleaners....................................... 10.03 4.8 9.19 6.1 $12.24 4.6% 10.94 3.3 6.54 5.7 Level 1................................................... 8.21 7.8 7.57 7.1 - - 9.15 6.9 6.56 6.6 Level 2................................................... 9.66 20.0 7.00 13.1 - - 12.84 15.5 - - Level 3................................................... 10.28 3.7 9.13 4.3 11.41 2.3 10.47 3.8 - - Level 4................................................... 12.78 4.5 12.41 6.0 - - 12.78 4.5 - - Personal service occupations: Welfare service aides....................................... 7.80 8.2 7.80 8.2 - - - - - - Early childhood teachers' assistants........................ 9.15 18.6 - - - - - - - - Child care workers, N.E.C................................... 8.06 11.9 7.10 8.2 - - 9.22 9.5 5.75 3.3 Service occupations, N.E.C.................................. 8.24 8.1 6.64 5.4 - - - - 6.58 5.7 Level 1................................................... 7.15 10.7 6.03 6.4 - - - - 6.03 6.4 1 Earnings are the straight-time hourly wages or salaries paid to employees. They include incentive pay, cost-of-living adjustments, and hazard pay. Excluded are premium pay for overtime, vacations, holidays, nonproduction bonuses, and tips. The mean is computed by totaling the pay of all workers and dividing by the number of workers, weighted by hours. 2 Each occupation for which wage data are collected in an establishment is evaluated based on 10 factors, including knowledge, complexity, work environment, etc. Points are assigned based on the occupation's ranking within each factor. The points are summed to determine the overall level of the occupation. See technical note for more information. 3 A classification system including about 480 individual occupations is used to cover all workers in the civilian economy. Individual occupations are classified into one of nine major occupational groups. 4 All workers include full-time and part-time workers. Employees are classified as working either a full-time or a part-time schedule based on the definition used by each establishment. Therefore, a worker with a 35-hour-per-week schedule might be considered a full-time employee in one establishment, but classified as part-time in another firm, where a 40-hour week is the minimum full-time schedule. NOTE: Dashes indicate that no data were reported or that data did not meet publication criteria. Overall occupational groups and occupational levels may include data for categories not shown separately. N.E.C. means "not elsewhere classified." Table C-1. Mean hourly earnings(1) by occupational group and selected characteristics, all industries, Pittsburgh, PA, December 1997 Full-time Part-time Nonunion- Incen- Full-time Part-time Nonunion- Incen- workers(- workers(- Union(4) (4) Time(5) tive(5) workers(- workers(- Union(4) (4) Time(5) tive(5) Occupational group(2) 3) 3) 3) 3) Mean RSE All occupations....................................................... $16.61 $7.94 $16.78 $14.95 $15.50 $17.12 2.0% 3.1% 3.5% 2.5% 2.0% 7.0% All occupations excluding sales..................................... 16.80 8.48 17.16 15.35 15.95 16.25 2.0 3.4 3.4 2.4 2.0 5.8 White-collar occupations............................................ 19.19 9.36 22.37 17.26 18.08 19.24 2.2 5.0 5.6 2.7 2.4 15.4 White-collar excluding sales...................................... 19.75 11.92 24.71 18.14 19.21 17.73 2.2 4.4 4.8 2.4 2.1 18.1 Professional specialty and technical occupations.................. 23.70 16.43 32.31 20.49 23.17 - 2.7 3.9 3.9 2.8 2.6 - Professional specialty occupations.............................. 25.51 17.87 33.63 22.13 24.93 - 3.0 4.0 3.6 3.3 2.8 - Technical occupations........................................... 18.01 11.19 26.36 15.74 17.55 - 5.1 3.9 13.6 3.9 5.0 - Executive, administrative, and managerial occupations............. 25.82 - 21.18 26.04 25.83 - 3.5 - 8.0 3.7 3.6 - Sales occupations................................................. 12.64 6.15 7.32 10.56 8.82 19.57 9.6 3.7 7.8 10.2 7.9 18.2 Administrative support including clerical occupations............. 11.60 8.46 12.80 10.99 11.28 - 1.8 4.0 3.8 1.9 1.7 - Blue-collar occupations............................................. 14.21 6.71 15.31 10.94 13.63 16.12 3.8 4.8 4.5 3.9 4.1 5.8 Precision production, craft, and repair occupations............... 17.19 - 18.58 14.16 17.24 16.33 5.1 - 5.2 5.5 5.5 5.3 Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors..................... 12.67 6.58 14.23 10.29 12.08 18.33 4.5 6.6 3.9 8.9 4.9 2.4 Transportation and material moving occupations.................... 13.26 8.24 14.36 9.52 12.93 12.03 3.9 9.3 4.3 7.3 3.8 23.3 Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers.............. 11.44 6.03 11.93 7.95 10.22 16.55 5.4 3.1 6.9 4.9 5.3 3.7 Service occupations................................................. 10.37 6.26 12.07 7.61 9.25 - 3.2 3.2 4.2 3.3 2.8 - 1 Earnings are the straight-time hourly wages or salaries paid to employees. They include incentive pay, cost-of-living adjustments, and hazard pay. Excluded are premium pay for overtime, vacations, holidays, nonproduction bonuses, and tips. The mean is computed by totaling the pay of all workers and dividing by the number of workers, weighted by hours. 2 A classification system including about 480 individual occupations is used to cover all workers in the civilian economy. Individual occupations are classified into one of nine major occupational groups. 3 Employees are classified as working either a full-time or a part-time schedule based on the definition used by each establishment. Therefore, a worker with a 35-hour-per-week schedule might be considered a full-time employee in one establishment, but classified as part-time in another firm, where a 40-hour week is the minimum full-time schedule. 4 Union workers are those whose wages are determined through collective bargaining. 5 Time workers' wages are based solely on an hourly rate or salary; incentive workers are those whose wages are at least partially based on productivity payments such as piece rates, commissions, and production bonuses. NOTE: Dashes indicate that no data were reported or that data did not meet publication criteria. Overall occupational groups and occupational levels may include data for categories not shown separately. N.E.C. means "not elsewhere classified." Table C-2. Mean hourly earnings(1) by occupational group and industry division, private industry, all workers(2), Pittsburgh, PA, December 1997 All All private Goods-producing indust- pri- Goods-producing indust- industries ries(4) Service-producing industries(5) vate ries(4) Service-producing industries(5) indus- tries Trans- Fin- Trans- Fin- Occupational group(3) port- Whole- ance, port- Whole- ance, Con- Manu- ation sale in- Con- Manu- ation sale in- Total Mining struc- fac- Total and and sur- Serv- Total Mining struc- fac- Total and and sur- Serv- tion turing public retail ance, ices tion turing public retail ance, ices Mean util- trade and RSE util- trade and ities real ities real estate estate Mean RSE All occupations....................................................... $14.81 $16.92 - - $16.18 $14.11 $18.38 - - $14.70 2.2% 4.0% - - 4.2% 2.7% 7.5% - - 3.7% All occupations excluding sales..................................... 15.23 16.86 - - 16.22 14.64 18.39 - - 14.79 2.2 4.1 - - 4.3 2.6 7.5 - - 3.8 White-collar occupations............................................ 17.10 20.63 - - 20.68 16.45 21.72 - - 17.35 2.7 4.9 - - 5.8 3.0 7.1 - - 3.7 White-collar excluding sales...................................... 18.23 20.75 - - 21.12 17.72 21.75 - - 17.59 2.4 5.2 - - 5.8 2.7 7.1 - - 3.7 Professional specialty and technical occupations.................. 21.09 22.00 - - 21.94 20.94 30.31 - - 20.07 3.0 3.7 - - 3.9 3.4 13.0 - - 3.8 Professional specialty occupations.............................. 22.47 25.42 - - 25.61 22.08 30.30 - - 21.56 3.5 4.1 - - 4.4 3.9 4.4 - - 4.4 Technical occupations........................................... 17.64 17.25 - - 17.25 17.74 30.32 - - 15.40 5.3 5.3 - - 5.4 6.5 24.2 - - 4.6 Executive, administrative, and managerial occupations............. 25.95 30.28 - - 32.16 24.75 29.69 - - 22.14 3.8 8.3 - - 9.7 4.1 7.7 - - 6.0 Sales occupations................................................. 9.91 19.05 - - 14.54 9.13 - - - 11.12 8.5 29.2 - - 27.8 7.7 - - - 12.8 Administrative support, including clerical occupations............ 11.17 12.69 - - 12.78 10.87 14.22 - - 10.09 1.9 4.2 - - 4.8 2.0 4.3 - - 2.8 Blue-collar occupations............................................. 13.65 14.84 - - 13.55 11.94 14.47 - - 10.36 4.3 5.6 - - 3.9 4.4 8.4 - - 14.6 Precision production, craft, and repair occupations............... 17.35 18.42 - - 15.94 15.90 21.27 - - 15.83 5.4 7.2 - - 4.8 4.8 4.0 - - 4.9 Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors..................... 12.56 13.35 - - 13.35 9.01 - - - 6.93 4.6 4.4 - - 4.4 11.9 - - - 6.2 Transportation and material moving occupations.................... 11.83 13.90 - - 13.11 10.60 10.77 - - - 4.1 4.3 - - 5.7 5.4 5.6 - - - Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers.............. 10.30 11.61 - - 10.88 8.95 12.51 - - 7.65 5.7 7.7 - - 8.3 8.6 12.6 - - 4.8 Service occupations................................................. 8.05 13.59 - - 13.70 7.97 - - - 8.12 2.6 5.2 - - 5.1 2.6 - - - 2.7 1 Earnings are the straight-time hourly wages or salaries paid to employees. They include incentive pay, cost-of-living adjustments, and hazard pay. Excluded are premium pay for overtime, vacations, holidays, nonproduction bonuses, and tips. The mean is computed by totaling the pay of all workers and dividing by the number of workers, weighted by hours. 2 All workers include full-time and part-time workers. Employees are classified as working either a full-time or a part-time schedule based on the definition used by each establishment. Therefore, a worker with a 35-hour-per-week schedule might be considered a full-time employee in one establishment, but classified as part-time in another firm, where a 40-hour week is the minimum full-time schedule. 3 A classification system including about 480 individual occupations is used to cover all workers in the civilian economy. Individual occupations are classified into one of nine major occupational groups. 4 Goods-producing industries include mining, construction, and manufacturing. 5 Service-producing industries include transportation and public utilities; wholesale and retail trade; finance, insurance, and real estate; and services. NOTE: Dashes indicate that no data were reported or that data did not meet publication criteria. Overall occupational groups and occupational levels may include data for categories not shown separately. N.E.C. means "not elsewhere classified." Table C-2. Mean hourly earnings(1) by occupational group and industry division, private industry, all workers(2), Pittsburgh, PA, December 1997 All priva- All private te industry Mean indus- RSE workers try worke- rs Occupational group(3) 100 workers or more 100 workers or more 50 - 50 - 99 99 Mean worke- 100 - 500 RSE worke- 100 - 500 rs Total 499 worke- rs Total 499 worke- worke- rs or worke- rs or rs more rs more All occupations....................................................... $14.81 $12.97 - - $17.41 2.2% 7.0% - - 2.6% All occupations excluding sales..................................... 15.23 13.56 - - 17.73 2.2 7.3 - - 2.6 White-collar occupations............................................ 17.10 13.91 - - 18.78 2.7 8.6 - - 3.1 White-collar excluding sales...................................... 18.23 16.17 - - 19.31 2.4 8.0 - - 3.0 Professional specialty and technical occupations.................. 21.09 17.27 - - 22.87 3.0 6.8 - - 3.4 Professional specialty occupations.............................. 22.47 17.06 - - 23.91 3.5 9.7 - - 3.9 Technical occupations........................................... 17.64 17.83 - - 20.09 5.3 9.5 - - 6.6 Executive, administrative, and managerial occupations............. 25.95 23.38 - - 26.69 3.8 11.4 - - 4.8 Sales occupations................................................. 9.91 10.16 - - 8.25 8.5 14.0 - - 10.3 Administrative support, including clerical occupations............ 11.17 9.68 - - 11.65 1.9 4.7 - - 2.8 Blue-collar occupations............................................. 13.65 14.74 - - 16.79 4.3 10.5 - - 3.0 Precision production, craft, and repair occupations............... 17.35 18.06 - - 19.25 5.4 11.2 - - 2.8 Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors..................... 12.56 12.83 - - 15.51 4.6 8.8 - - 6.7 Transportation and material moving occupations.................... 11.83 11.89 - - 14.60 4.1 5.7 - - 7.9 Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers.............. 10.30 9.78 - - 14.99 5.7 12.6 - - 4.3 Service occupations................................................. 8.05 6.59 - - 9.90 2.6 7.6 - - 5.5 1 Earnings are the straight-time hourly wages or salaries paid to employees. They include incentive pay, cost-of-living adjustments, and hazard pay. Excluded are premium pay for overtime, vacations, holidays, nonproduction bonuses, and tips. The mean is computed by totaling the pay of all workers and dividing by the number of workers, weighted by hours. 2 All workers include full-time and part-time workers. Employees are classified as working either a full-time or a part-time schedule based on the definition used by each establishment. Therefore, a worker with a 35-hour-per-week schedule might be considered a full-time employee in one establishment, but classified as part-time in another firm, where a 40-hour week is the minimum full-time schedule. 3 A classification system including about 480 individual occupations is used to cover all workers in the civilian economy. Individual occupations are classified into one of nine major occupational groups. NOTE: Dashes indicate that no data were reported or that data did not meet publication criteria. Overall occupational groups and occupational levels may include data for categories not shown separately. N.E.C. means "not elsewhere classified." Table C-4. Number of workers(1) represented by occupational group, Pittsburgh, PA, December 1997 All workers All indus- Private State and All indus- Private State and Occupational group(2) tries industry local tries industry local government government Workers RSE All occupations....................................................... 624,861 530,957 93,904 2.9% 3.1% 7.6% All occupations excluding sales..................................... 573,817 480,719 93,098 2.9 3.1 7.7 White-collar occupations............................................ 362,825 304,352 58,473 4.2 4.5 11.6 White-collar excluding sales...................................... 311,781 254,114 57,667 4.2 4.5 11.8 Professional specialty and technical occupations.................. 140,861 103,109 37,752 5.5 5.6 13.9 Professional specialty occupations.............................. 110,000 73,807 36,194 6.2 6.1 14.3 Technical occupations........................................... 30,861 29,302 - 10.2 10.2 - Executive, administrative, and managerial occupations............. 55,180 49,703 5,477 8.3 8.8 22.2 Sales occupations................................................. 51,044 50,238 - 16.8 17.0 - Administrative support including clerical occupations............. 115,740 101,302 14,437 6.6 7.3 14.4 Blue-collar occupations............................................. 144,821 130,647 14,174 7.6 8.3 14.9 Precision production, craft, and repair occupations............... 48,682 44,695 3,987 15.3 16.5 21.6 Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors..................... 32,245 31,961 - 13.4 13.5 - Transportation and material moving occupations.................... 29,463 22,544 6,919 14.1 16.8 24.7 Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers.............. 34,431 31,447 2,984 12.8 13.8 26.4 Service occupations................................................. 117,214 95,958 21,257 7.2 8.6 8.4 1 Both full-time and part-time workers were included in the survey. Employees are classified as working either a full-time or a part-time schedule based on the definition used by each establishment. Therefore, a worker with a 35-hour-per-week schedule might be considered a full-time employee in one establishment, but classified as part-time in another establishment, where a 40-hour week is the minimum full-time schedule. 2 A classification system including about 480 individual occupations is used to cover all workers in the civilian economy. Individual occupations are classified into one of nine major occupational groups. NOTE: Dashes indicate that no data were reported or that data did not meet publication criteria. Overall occupational groups and occupational levels may include data for categories not shown separately. N.E.C. means "not elsewhere classified." Appendix table 1. Number of establishments studied by industry division and establishment employment size, and number of establishments represented, Pittsburgh, PA, December 1997 Number of establishments studied Number of Industry establish- 100 workers or more ments rep- Total 50 - 99 resented studied workers Total 100 - 499 500 workers workers or more All industries........................................................ 3,318 302 78 224 137 87 Private industry.................................................... 3,115 268 75 193 124 69 Goods-producing industries........................................ 757 66 17 49 33 16 Mining.......................................................... 12 4 1 3 2 1 Construction.................................................... 257 7 4 3 3 - Manufacturing................................................... 487 55 12 43 28 15 Service-producing industries...................................... 2,358 202 58 144 91 53 Tranportation and public utilities.............................. 152 23 6 17 9 8 Wholesale and retail trade...................................... 1,120 48 27 21 14 7 Finance, insurance and real estate.............................. 126 12 2 10 7 3 Services........................................................ 960 119 23 96 61 35 State and local government.......................................... 203 34 3 31 13 18 NOTE: Dashes indicate that no data were reported. Overall industry and industry groups may include data for categories not shown separately. Appendix table 2. Relative standard errors of mean hourly earnings(1) for selected occupations, all industries, private industry, and State and local government, all workers(2), Pittsburgh, PA, December 1997 All State and Occupation(3) indus- Private local tries industry govern- ment All occupations....................................................... 2.0 2.2 3.1 All occupations excluding sales..................................... 1.9 2.2 3.1 White-collar occupations............................................ 2.4 2.7 3.7 White-collar occupations excluding sales.......................... 2.1 2.4 3.7 Professional specialty and technical occupations.................. 2.6 3.0 3.8 Professional specialty occupations.............................. 2.8 3.5 3.6 Engineers, architects, and surveyors.......................... 3.8 3.8 - Civil engineers............................................. 2.2 - - Electrical and electronic engineers......................... 7.1 7.1 - Industrial engineers........................................ 5.8 5.8 - Mechanical engineers........................................ 5.9 5.9 - Engineers, N.E.C............................................ 4.3 4.3 - Mathematical and computer scientists.......................... 9.2 8.8 - Computer systems analysts and scientists.................... 4.0 3.0 - Operations and systems researchers and analysts............. 12.7 12.7 - Natural scientists............................................ 10.2 10.2 - Health related occupations.................................... 1.9 1.9 - Registered nurses........................................... 1.3 1.3 - Pharmacists................................................. 2.0 2.0 - Physical therapists......................................... 3.1 3.1 - Therapists, N.E.C........................................... 16.3 16.9 - Teachers, college and university.............................. 9.3 - - Teachers, post secondary N.E.C.............................. 10.3 - - Teachers, except college and university....................... 4.6 9.0 2.9 Elementary school teachers.................................. 4.9 - 4.7 Secondary school teachers................................... 4.0 5.4 4.0 Teachers, special education................................. 24.8 - 4.7 Teachers, N.E.C............................................. 6.6 14.0 5.0 Substitute teachers......................................... 10.3 - 10.4 Vocational and educational counselors....................... 15.1 4.8 - Librarians, archivists, and curators.......................... - - - Social scientists and urban planners.......................... 7.9 5.3 - Psychologists............................................... 9.8 3.1 - Social, recreation, and religious workers..................... 6.4 5.0 - Social workers.............................................. 6.8 5.3 - Lawyers and judges............................................ - - - Writers, authors, entertainers, athletes, and professionals, N.E.C...................................................... 21.0 21.0 - Editors and reporters....................................... 11.2 11.2 - Public relations specialists................................ 9.8 9.8 - Professional occupations, N.E.C............................. 5.4 5.4 - Technical occupations........................................... 5.0 5.3 9.0 Clinical laboratory technologists and technicians........... 2.9 2.9 - Health record technologists and technicians................. 7.7 7.7 - Radiological technicians.................................... 3.5 3.5 - Licensed practical nurses................................... 1.8 1.8 - Health technologists and technicians, N.E.C................. 12.2 12.2 - Electrical and electronic technicians....................... 10.0 10.0 - Engineering technicians, N.E.C.............................. 5.5 8.1 - Drafters.................................................... 12.3 12.3 - Chemical technicians........................................ 4.6 4.6 - Science technicians, N.E.C.................................. 9.5 9.5 - Computer programmers........................................ 12.4 12.4 - Technical and related occupations, N.E.C.................... 5.6 5.6 - Executive, administrative, and managerial occupations............. 3.5 3.8 6.9 Executives, administrators, and managers...................... 4.2 4.5 6.6 Financial managers.......................................... 9.5 9.5 - Personnel and labor relations managers...................... 15.9 15.9 - Managers., marketing, advertising and public relations...... 7.9 7.9 - Administrators, education and related fields................ 8.0 17.1 8.7 Managers, medicine and health............................... 6.4 6.4 - Managers, service organizations, N.E.C...................... 10.8 10.8 - Managers and administrators, N.E.C.......................... 7.6 7.8 - Management related occupations................................ 4.5 4.8 5.0 Accountants and auditors.................................... 6.4 7.3 - Other financial officers.................................... 11.6 11.6 - Management analysts......................................... 15.0 15.0 - Personnel, training, and labor relations specialists........ 8.8 8.8 - Purchasing agents and buyers, N.E.C......................... 2.6 2.6 - Management related occupations, N.E.C....................... 4.2 4.2 - Sales occupations................................................. 8.4 8.5 - Supervisors, sales occupations.............................. 14.6 14.6 - Sales occupations, other business services.................. 14.7 14.7 - Sales representatives, mining, manufacturing, and wholesale. 17.8 17.8 - Sales workers, apparel...................................... 4.7 4.7 - Sales workers, other commodities............................ 18.8 18.8 - Cashiers.................................................... 5.6 1.4 - Demonstrators, promoters, and models, sales................. 1.8 1.8 - Sales support occupations, N.E.C............................ 17.9 17.9 - Administrative support occupations, including clerical............ 1.7 1.9 2.9 Supervisors, general office................................. 3.7 3.7 - Supervisors, financial records processing................... 11.9 11.9 - Supervisors, distribution, scheduling, and adjusting clerks. 17.9 17.9 - Secretaries................................................. 2.6 3.0 4.2 Stenographers............................................... 4.4 1.8 - Interviewers................................................ 5.3 5.3 - Receptionists............................................... 5.3 5.3 - Information clerks, N.E.C................................... 9.7 9.7 - Order clerks................................................ 7.4 7.4 - Library clerks.............................................. 6.1 - - Records clerks, N.E.C....................................... 5.2 5.2 - Bookkeepers, accounting and auditing clerks................. 3.3 3.6 - Payroll and timekeeping clerks.............................. 12.3 12.6 - Billing clerks.............................................. 4.9 4.9 - Telephone operators......................................... 8.1 8.1 - Dispatchers................................................. 6.8 - - Traffic, shipping and receiving clerks...................... 9.3 9.3 - Stock and inventory clerks.................................. 7.1 7.9 - Insurance adjusters, examiners, & investigators............. 6.1 6.1 - Investigators and adjusters except insurance................ 5.2 5.2 - General office clerks....................................... 4.3 4.5 9.7 Bank tellers................................................ 3.8 3.8 - Data entry keyers........................................... 4.4 4.4 - Teachers' aides............................................. 5.6 - 5.5 Administrative support occupations, N.E.C................... 4.3 4.6 - Blue-collar occupations............................................. 3.8 4.3 3.3 Precision production, craft, and repair occupations............... 5.2 5.4 3.3 Supervisors, mechanics and repairers........................ 15.9 15.9 - Automobile mechanics........................................ 3.3 3.3 - Bus, truck, and stationary engine mechanics................. 6.6 - - Industrial machinery repairers.............................. 4.4 4.4 - Mechanics and repairers, N.E.C.............................. 4.4 4.4 - Carpenters.................................................. 4.3 - - Plumbers, pipefitters and steamfitters...................... 5.7 5.6 - Supervisors, production occupations......................... 7.7 7.7 - Electrical and electronic equipment assemblers.............. 7.6 7.6 - Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors..................... 4.6 4.6 - Grinding, abrading, buffing, and polishing machine operators 7.3 7.3 - Fabricating machine operators, N.E.C........................ 5.5 5.5 - Laundering and dry cleaning machine operators............... 4.2 4.4 - Packaging and filling machine operators..................... 4.3 4.3 - Mixing and blending machine operators....................... 8.8 8.8 - Furnace, kiln, and oven operators, except food.............. 11.7 13.9 - Miscellaneous machine operators, N.E.C...................... 7.7 7.7 - Welders and cutters......................................... 3.5 3.5 - Assemblers.................................................. 13.6 13.6 - Production inspectors, checkers and examiners............... 6.3 6.3 - Transportation and material moving occupations.................... 3.8 4.1 3.6 Truck drivers............................................... 5.1 5.3 - Bus drivers................................................. 9.2 - - Crane and tower operators................................... 4.8 4.8 - Industrial truck and tractor equipment operators............ 5.7 5.7 - Miscellaneous material moving equipment operators, N.E.C.... 3.1 - - Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers............... 5.2 5.7 6.9 Production helpers.......................................... 12.2 12.2 - Stock handlers and baggers.................................. 10.8 10.8 - Freight, stock, and material handlers, N.E.C................ 13.7 13.7 - Vehicle washers and equipment cleaners...................... 19.3 19.3 - Hand packers and packagers.................................. 8.0 8.0 - Laborers except construction, N.E.C......................... 9.8 10.4 10.7 Service occupations................................................. 2.8 2.6 4.5 Protective service occupations................................ 13.5 12.4 6.1 Police and detectives, public service....................... 4.7 - 4.7 Guards and police except public service..................... 10.6 9.8 - Food service occupations...................................... 4.3 4.8 3.4 Supervisors, food preparation and service occupations....... 7.1 7.1 - Waiters and waitresses...................................... 12.5 12.5 - Cooks....................................................... 3.9 3.8 - Kitchen workers, food preparation........................... 3.6 3.7 - Waiters'/Waitresses' assistants............................. 6.9 6.9 - Food preparation occupations, N.E.C......................... 4.1 3.3 3.6 Health service occupations.................................... 2.5 2.4 3.0 Health aides, except nursing................................ 5.6 5.6 - Nursing aides, orderlies and attendants..................... 2.1 2.3 3.1 Cleaning and building service occupations..................... 4.2 5.3 4.3 Maids and housemen.......................................... 5.6 6.0 - Janitors and cleaners....................................... 4.8 6.1 4.6 Personal service occupations.................................. 7.2 8.5 4.0 Welfare service aides....................................... 8.2 8.2 - Early childhood teachers' assistants........................ 18.6 - - Child care workers, N.E.C................................... 11.9 8.2 - Service occupations, N.E.C.................................. 8.1 5.4 - 1 The relative standard error is the standard error expressed as a percent of the estimate. Hourly earnings for these occupations are presented in Tables A-1 and A-2. Reliable relative standard errors could not be determined for all occupations. 2 All workers include full-time and part-time workers. Employees are classified as working either a full-time or a part-time schedule based on the definition used by each establishment. Therefore, a worker with a 35-hour-per-week schedule might be considered a full-time employee in one establishment, but classified as part-time in another firm, where a 40-hour week is the minimum full-time schedule. 3 A classification system including about 480 individual occupations is used to cover all workers in the civilian economy. Individual occupations are classified into one of nine major occupational groups. NOTE: Dashes indicate that no data were reported or that data did not meet publication criteria. Overall occupational groups and occupational levels may include data for categories not shown separately. N.E.C. means "not elsewhere classified." Appendix table 3. Average work levels for selected occupations, all workers, full-time and part-time workers, Pittsburgh, PA, December 1997 All Full-t- Part-ti- Occupation(1) workers ime me workers workers All occupations....................................................... 5 6 3 All occupations excluding sales..................................... 6 6 3 White-collar occupations............................................ 6 7 4 White-collar occupations excluding sales.......................... 7 7 5 Professional specialty and technical occupations.................. 8 9 7 Professional specialty occupations.............................. 9 9 8 Engineers, architects, and surveyors.......................... 10 10 - Civil engineers............................................. 8 8 - Electrical and electronic engineers......................... 11 11 - Industrial engineers........................................ 10 10 - Mechanical engineers........................................ 9 9 - Engineers, N.E.C............................................ 10 10 - Mathematical and computer scientists.......................... 10 10 - Computer systems analysts and scientists.................... 9 9 - Operations and systems researchers and analysts............. 12 12 - Natural scientists............................................ 10 10 - Health related occupations.................................... 8 9 8 Registered nurses........................................... 8 8 8 Pharmacists................................................. 9 9 - Physical therapists......................................... 9 9 - Therapists, N.E.C........................................... 8 8 - Teachers, college and university.............................. 11 11 - Teachers, post secondary N.E.C.............................. 11 11 - Teachers, except college and university....................... 8 8 7 Elementary school teachers.................................. 8 8 - Secondary school teachers................................... 8 8 - Teachers, special education................................. 8 8 - Teachers, N.E.C............................................. 8 8 - Substitute teachers......................................... 7 - 7 Vocational and educational counselors....................... 8 8 - Librarians, archivists, and curators.......................... - - - Social scientists and urban planners.......................... 10 10 - Psychologists............................................... 9 9 - Social, recreation, and religious workers..................... 7 7 6 Social workers.............................................. 7 7 7 Lawyers and judges............................................ - - - Writers, authors, entertainers, athletes, and professionals, N.E.C...................................................... 8 8 - Editors and reporters....................................... 9 9 - Public relations specialists................................ 7 7 - Professional occupations, N.E.C............................. 8 8 - Technical occupations........................................... 7 7 5 Clinical laboratory technologists and technicians........... 7 7 - Health record technologists and technicians................. 7 7 - Radiological technicians.................................... 6 7 6 Licensed practical nurses................................... 6 6 - Health technologists and technicians, N.E.C................. 5 5 5 Electrical and electronic technicians....................... 7 7 - Engineering technicians, N.E.C.............................. 7 7 - Drafters.................................................... 7 7 - Chemical technicians........................................ 6 6 - Science technicians, N.E.C.................................. 5 5 - Computer programmers........................................ 9 9 - Technical and related occupations, N.E.C.................... 6 6 - Executive, administrative, and managerial occupations............. 10 10 - Executives, administrators, and managers...................... 11 11 - Financial managers.......................................... 11 11 - Personnel and labor relations managers...................... 11 11 - Managers., marketing, advertising and public relations...... 12 12 - Administrators, education and related fields................ 11 11 - Managers, medicine and health............................... 11 11 - Managers, service organizations, N.E.C...................... 9 9 - Managers and administrators, N.E.C.......................... 11 11 - Management related occupations................................ 8 8 - Accountants and auditors.................................... 7 7 - Other financial officers.................................... 8 8 - Management analysts......................................... 10 10 - Personnel, training, and labor relations specialists........ 8 8 - Purchasing agents and buyers, N.E.C......................... 6 6 - Management related occupations, N.E.C....................... 8 8 - Sales occupations................................................. 3 5 2 Supervisors, sales occupations.............................. 7 7 - Sales occupations, other business services.................. 6 7 - Sales representatives, mining, manufacturing, and wholesale. 7 7 - Sales workers, apparel...................................... 3 - - Sales workers, other commodities............................ 4 5 3 Cashiers.................................................... 2 4 2 Demonstrators, promoters, and models, sales................. 1 - - Sales support occupations, N.E.C............................ 4 5 - Administrative support occupations, including clerical............ 4 4 3 Supervisors, general office................................. 6 6 - Supervisors, financial records processing................... 7 7 - Supervisors, distribution, scheduling, and adjusting clerks. 7 7 - Secretaries................................................. 5 5 4 Stenographers............................................... 5 5 - Typists..................................................... - 3 - Interviewers................................................ 3 - - Receptionists............................................... 2 2 2 Information clerks, N.E.C................................... 4 - - Order clerks................................................ 4 4 - Library clerks.............................................. 3 - - Records clerks, N.E.C....................................... 3 3 - Bookkeepers, accounting and auditing clerks................. 4 4 - Payroll and timekeeping clerks.............................. 4 4 - Billing clerks.............................................. 4 4 - Telephone operators......................................... 2 2 - Dispatchers................................................. 4 4 - Traffic, shipping and receiving clerks...................... 3 3 - Stock and inventory clerks.................................. 3 3 - Insurance adjusters, examiners, & investigators............. 5 5 - Investigators and adjusters except insurance................ 5 5 - General office clerks....................................... 3 4 2 Bank tellers................................................ 3 3 - Data entry keyers........................................... 3 2 3 Teachers' aides............................................. 3 3 - Administrative support occupations, N.E.C................... 4 4 3 Blue-collar occupations............................................. 4 5 2 Precision production, craft, and repair occupations............... 6 6 - Supervisors, mechanics and repairers........................ 8 8 - Automobile mechanics........................................ 6 6 - Bus, truck, and stationary engine mechanics................. 6 6 - Industrial machinery repairers.............................. 7 7 - Mechanics and repairers, N.E.C.............................. 6 6 - Carpenters.................................................. 6 6 - Plumbers, pipefitters and steamfitters...................... 7 7 - Supervisors, production occupations......................... 8 8 - Electrical and electronic equipment assemblers.............. 3 3 - Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors..................... 4 4 2 Grinding, abrading, buffing, and polishing machine operators 6 6 - Fabricating machine operators, N.E.C........................ 5 5 - Laundering and dry cleaning machine operators............... 2 2 - Packaging and filling machine operators..................... 3 3 - Mixing and blending machine operators....................... 4 4 - Furnace, kiln, and oven operators, except food.............. 5 5 - Miscellaneous machine operators, N.E.C...................... 4 4 - Welders and cutters......................................... 6 6 - Assemblers.................................................. 2 2 - Production inspectors, checkers and examiners............... 5 5 - Transportation and material moving occupations.................... 4 4 2 Truck drivers............................................... 3 3 - Bus drivers................................................. 4 - - Crane and tower operators................................... 4 4 - Industrial truck and tractor equipment operators............ 3 3 - Miscellaneous material moving equipment operators, N.E.C.... 5 5 - Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers............... 2 3 2 Production helpers.......................................... 3 3 - Stock handlers and baggers.................................. 2 3 2 Freight, stock, and material handlers, N.E.C................ 2 2 - Vehicle washers and equipment cleaners...................... 2 - - Hand packers and packagers.................................. 2 2 - Laborers except construction, N.E.C......................... 2 2 2 Service occupations................................................. 3 4 2 Protective service occupations................................ 5 5 3 Police and detectives, public service....................... 7 7 - Guards and police except public service..................... 3 3 3 Food service occupations...................................... 2 3 2 Supervisors, food preparation and service occupations....... 5 6 - Waiters and waitresses...................................... 2 2 2 Cooks....................................................... 4 4 3 Kitchen workers, food preparation........................... 3 4 2 Waiters'/Waitresses' assistants............................. 2 - 2 Food preparation occupations, N.E.C......................... 2 2 2 Health service occupations.................................... 3 3 3 Health aides, except nursing................................ 3 3 3 Nursing aides, orderlies and attendants..................... 3 3 3 Cleaning and building service occupations..................... 3 3 2 Maids and housemen.......................................... 2 2 - Janitors and cleaners....................................... 3 3 2 Personal service occupations.................................. 3 4 2 Welfare service aides....................................... 3 - - Early childhood teachers' assistants........................ 3 - - Child care workers, N.E.C................................... 3 4 2 Service occupations, N.E.C.................................. 2 - 2 1 A classification system including about 480 individual occupations is used to cover all workers in the civilian economy. Individual occupations are classified into one of nine major occupational groups. The occupations titled authors, musicians, actors, painters, photographers, dancers, artists, athletes, and legislators cannot be assigned a work level. NOTE: Dashes indicate that no data were reported or that data did not meet publication criteria. Overall occupational groups and occupational levels may include data for categories not shown separately. N.E.C. means "not elsewhere classified." Supplemental Table 2. Hourly earnings(1) for construction trades occupations in non-construction industries(2), Pittsburgh, PA, December 1997 All workers(4) Full-time workers Part-time workers Occupational group(3) and level Middle Range Middle Range Middle Range Mean RSE Median Mean RSE Median Mean RSE Median 25 75 25 75 25 75 Construction trades occupations....................................... $16.80 1.7% $16.25 $14.70 $18.02 $16.80 1.7% $16.25 $14.70 $18.02 - - - - - Electricians.................................................... 17.18 2.8 16.25 14.73 20.26 17.18 2.8 16.25 14.73 20.26 - - - - - Level 7............................................... 18.41 7.6 17.21 16.02 22.72 18.41 7.6 17.21 16.02 22.72 - - - - - Craft workers and helpers............................................. 19.21 8.7 18.10 16.25 23.10 19.21 8.7 18.10 16.25 23.10 - - - - - Welders and cutters............................................. 16.97 3.5 16.55 16.13 18.10 16.97 3.5 16.55 16.13 18.10 - - - - - 1 Earnings are the straight-time hourly wages or salaries paid to employees. They include incentive pay, cost-of-living adjustments, and hazard pay. Excluded are premium pay for overtime, vacations, holidays, nonproduction bonuses, and tips. The mean is computed by totaling the pay of all workers and dividing by the number of workers, weighted by hours. At the median, half of the workers receive the same as or more than the rate shown, and half receive the same as or less than the rate shown. The middle range is defined by two rates of pay; at the 25th percentile, one-fourth of the workers earn the same as or less than the rate shown; at the 75th percentile, one-fourth earn the same as or more than the rate shown. 2 The Standard Industrial Classification Manual was used in classifying establishments by industry. 3 A classification system including about 480 individual occupations is used to cover all workers in the civilian economy. Individual occupations are classified into one of nine major occupational groups. 4 All workers include full-time and part-time workers. Employees are classified as working either a full-time or a part-time schedule based on the definition used by each establishment. Therefore, a worker with a 35-hour-per-week schedule might be considered a full-time employee in one establishment, but classified as part-time in another firm, where a 40-hour week is the minimum full-time schedule. NOTE: Dashes indicate that no data were reported or that data did not meet publication criteria. Overall occupational groups and occupational levels may include data for categories not shown separately. N.E.C. means "not elsewhere classified." Supplemental Table 3. Number of workers in construction trades occupations, Pittsburgh, PA, December 1997 Workers RSE Construction industries(2) Non-construction Construction industries(2) Non-construction Occupational group(1) and level industries(2) industries(2) All Full-time Part-time All Full-time Part-time All Full-time Part-time All Full-time Part-time workers(- workers workers workers(- workers workers workers(- workers workers workers(- workers workers 3) 3) 3) 3) Construction trades occupations....................................... - - - 4,670 4,670 - - - - 40.5% 40.5% - Electricians.................................................... - - - 2,177 2,177 - - - - 45.3 45.3 - Level 7............................................... - - - 1,518 1,518 - - - - 39.6 39.6 - Craft workers and helpers............................................. - - - 1,826 1,826 - - - - 45.3 45.3 - Welders and cutters............................................. - - - 993 993 - - - - 45.3 45.3 - 1 A classification system including about 480 individual occupations is used to cover all workers in the civilian economy. Individual occupations are classified into one of nine major occupational groups. 2 The Standard Industrial Classification Manual was used in classifying establishments by industry. 3 All workers include full-time and part-time workers. Employees are classified as working either a full-time or a part-time schedule based on the definition used by each establishment. Therefore, a worker with a 35-hour-per-week schedule might be considered a full-time employee in one establishment, but classified as part-time in another firm, where a 40-hour week is the minimum full-time schedule. NOTE: Dashes indicate that no data were reported or that data did not meet publication criteria. Overall occupational groups and occupational levels may include data for categories not shown separately. N.E.C. means "not elsewhere classified."