![[logo] US EPA](https://webarchive.library.unt.edu/eot2008/20081106050836im_/http://www.epa.gov/epafiles/images/logo_epaseal.gif){kind=logo}
Final Report: Physical and Chemical Characteristics of PM in the LAB (Source Receptor Study)
EPA Grant Number: R827352C014Subproject: this is subproject number 014 , established and managed by the Center Director under grant R827352
(EPA does not fund or establish subprojects; EPA awards and manages the overall grant for this center).
Center: Southern California Particle Center and Supersite
Center Director: Froines, John R.
Title: Physical and Chemical Characteristics of PM in the LAB (Source Receptor Study)
Investigators: Sioutas, Constantinos
Institution: University of Southern California
EPA Project Officer: Stacey Katz/Gail Robarge,
Project Period: June 1, 1999 through May 31, 2005 (Extended to May 31, 2006)
RFA: Airborne Particulate Matter (PM) Centers (1999)
Research Category: Particulate Matter
Description:
Objective:Topic C: Studies of the Effects of Varying Spatial and Temporal Patterns of Ambient Particulate Matter (PM) and Co-pollutants and Resulting Health Effects with Emphasis on the Role of Atmospheric Chemistry
The objectives of this research were:
- Characterization of the airborne concentrations, size distribution and other chemical/physical elements of ambient air particulate within the Los Angeles Basin (LAB), in relation to health and toxicological studies performed in other projects.
- Development of ultrafine particle (UF), fine particle (F), and coarse particle (C) concentrators in support of animal inhalation studies of PM in source and receptor sites of the LAB.
- Support of studies of human exposure to concentrated PM.
Particulate matter from mobile sources was the principal theme of the Southern California Particle Center and Supersite (SCPCS). Increasing epidemiological and toxicological evidence links cardio-respiratory health effects with exposures to UF. Emission inventories suggest that motor vehicles are major direct emission sources of UF to urban atmospheres. Given the amount of traffic in the LAB, it is important to understand how UF behave after emission as they are transported away from busy roadways. Understanding the characteristics of UF particle volatility and how these traffic-emitted UF penetrate indoor environments is also vital.
One of the major goals of the last 6 years of the Exposure Core of the SCPCS was to create an extensive data inventory of the physical and chemical characteristics of UF in the proximity of heavily trafficked roadways. Utilizing a mobile particle concentrator, researchers characterized PM on/near freeways including volatility studies, the impact of mobile sources on indoor environments, and PM characteristics and emission factors in roadway tunnels with light-duty or heavy-duty vehicles. Results of PM studies at source and receptor sites in the LAB are consistent with a significant formation of secondary organic aerosols from photochemical processes.
The research increased understanding of how physical and chemical characteristics of UF change on/near heavily trafficked areas and different locations in the LA Basin; this information is necessary to better understand exposure outcomes. Relative concentrations of CO, black carbon and particle number decreased exponentially and tracked each other well with increasing distance from the freeway (Zhu, et al., 2002a; 2002b; 2004). In-vehicle measurements suggest that freeway exposure concentrations were frequently an order of magnitude higher for particle number and elemental carbon concentrations compared to those measured in typical urban background areas (Westerdahl, et al., 2005). Our studies also showed that particles emitted from vehicles are externally mixed; different particles of the same size can have different chemical compositions (Kuhn, et al, 2005b). Depending on ambient conditions, between 70–90% of the particles by number, and 10–30% by mass consisted of semi-volatile material originating from condensation of organic vapors from fuel and lube oil (Kuhn, et al., 2005a). The non-volatile portion is known to primarily consist of elemental carbon (EC), which is often coated with more volatile organic species. The volatility of these particles explains the more rapid decay in their concentration with respect to distance from a roadway, compared to that of non-labile PM species (such as EC) or gaseous co-pollutants such as CO and NOx, the concentration decrease of which would be affected mostly by atmospheric dilution (Zhang, et al., 2004; Zhang, et al., 2005). Our studies also showed that the volatile component of these particles may likely be present in its gaseous phase in indoor environments, due to particle shrinkage and/or complete evaporation as PM infiltrates indoors (Zhu, et al., 2005; Kuhn, et al., 2005b). In future research, given that the majority of people’s exposure during commutes will be dominated (in terms of particle numbers) by these particles, it will be important to know whether the non-volatile or semi-volatile fraction is more toxic. This will be a major research thrust area of our future SCPCS efforts.
A better understanding of UF particle characteristics and their volatility allows for the narrowing of the search for the most toxic PM components, and would also suggest new emissions control technologies that better protect the public health. Current particle traps remove non-volatile soot particles but not the precursors of the smaller semi-volatile particles. An unintended result of this reduction of the larger, non-volatile particles from the exhaust is the potential increase in the formation/emission of the smaller, semi-volatile PM as seen in our experiments performed at the Caldecott tunnel in which we determined size fractionated emission factors for heavy and light duty vehicles and compared them to those of previous studies in the same location. (Geller, et al., 2005).
The research reported here has been coupled with toxicological and health effects studies to ensure PM characterization is linked with toxicity investigations. These studies have demonstrated increased toxicity in terms of their oxidative potential of UF compared to other PM size fractions on a per PM mass basis, as measured by a variety of in vitro bioassays (Li, et al., 2003; Xia, et al., 2004; Cho, et al., 2005) as well as in vivo concentrated ambient particles (CAPs) studies conducted in the vicinity of freeways (Campbell, et al., 2005; Kleinman, et al., 2005). Some of the PM characterization work reported under this project was performed as part of a study of allergic airways disease at source and receptor sites in the Los Angeles Basin. That study was supported by separate U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) funding, awarded to Jack Harkema and Constantinos Sioutas (EPA Grant # R829216). The final report for that study may be found at http://cfpub.epa.gov/ncer_abstracts/index.cfm/fuseaction/display.abstractDetail/abstract/1762/report/0
References:
Campbell A, Oldham M, Becaria A, Bondy SC, Meacher D, Sioutas C, Misra C, Mendez LB, Kleinman M. Particulate matter in polluted air may increase biomarkers of inflammation in mouse brain. NeuroToxicology 2005;26(1):133-140.
Cho AK, Sioutas C, Miguel AH, Kumagai Y, Schmitz DA, Singh M, Eiguren-Fernandez A, Froines JR. Redox activity of airborne particulate matter (PM) at different sites in the Los Angeles Basin. Environmental Research 2005;99(1):40-47.
Geller MD, Sardar S, Phuleria H, Fine PM, Sioutas C. Measurements of particle number and mass concentrations and size distributions in a tunnel environment. Environmental Science & Technology 2005;39(22):8653-8663.
Kleinman M, Sioutas C, Stram D, Froines J, Cho A, Chakrabarti B, Hamade A, Meacher D, Oldham M. Inhalation of concentrated ambient particulate matter near a heavily trafficked road stimulates antigen-induced airway responses in mice. Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association 2005;55:1277-1288.
Kuhn T, Biswas S, Fine PM, Geller M, Sioutas C. Physical and chemical characteristics and volatility of PM in the proximity of a light-duty vehicle freeway. Aerosol Science and Technology 2005a;39(4):347-357.
Kuhn T, Krudysz M, Zhu Y, Fine PM, Hinds WC, Froines JF, Sioutas C. Volatility of indoor and outdoor ultrafine particulate matter near a freeway. Journal of Aerosol Science 2005b;36(3):291-302.
Li N, Sioutas S, Cho A, Schmitz D, Misra C, Sempf J, Wang M, Oberly T, Froines J, Nel A. Ultrafine particulate pollutants induce oxidative stress and mitochondrial damage. Environmental Health Perspectives 2003;111(4):455-460.
Westerdahl D, Fruin S, Sax T, Fine PM, Sioutas C. Mobile platform measurements of ultrafine particles and associated pollutant concentrations on freeways and residential streets in Los Angeles. Atmospheric Environment 2005;39(20):3597-3610.
Xia T, Korge P, Weiss J, Li N, Venkatesan I, Sioutas C, Nel A. Quinones and aromatic chemical compounds in particulate matter induce mitochondrial dysfunction: implications for ultrafine particle toxicity. Environmental Health Perspectives 2004;112(14):1347-1358.
Zhang KM, Wexler AS, Zhu YF, Hinds WC, and Sioutas C. Evolution of particle number distribution near roadways. Part II. The ‘road-to-ambient’ process. Atmospheric Environment 2004;38(38):6655-6665.
Zhang KM, Wexler AS, Niemeier DA, Zhu YF, Hinds WC, Sioutas C. Evolution of particle number distribution near roadways. Part III. Traffic analysis and on-road size resolved particulate emission factors. Atmospheric Environment 2005;39:4155-4166.
Zhu Y, Hinds WC, Kim S, Sioutas C. Concentration and size distribution of ultrafine particles near a major highway. Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association 2002a;52:1032-1042.
Zhu Y, Hinds WC, Kim S, Shen S, Sioutas C. Study of ultrafine particles near a major highway with heavy-duty diesel traffic. Atmospheric Environment 2002b;36(27):4323-4335.
Zhu Y, Hinds WC, Shen S, Sioutas C. Seasonal trends of concentration and size distribution of ultrafine particles near major highways in Los Angeles. Aerosol Science and Technology 2004;38:5-13.
Zhu Y, Hinds WC, Krudysz M, Kuhn T, Froines J, Sioutas C. Penetration of freeway ultrafine particles into indoor environments. Journal of Aerosol Science 2005;36(3):303-322.
Technical Report:
Full Final Technical Report (PDF, 8pp., 34.4KB, about PDF)
Journal Articles on this Report: 66 Displayed | Download in RIS Format
| Other subproject views: | All 66 publications | 66 publications in selected types | All 66 journal articles |
| Other center views: | All 136 publications | 135 publications in selected types | All 135 journal articles |
| Type | Citation | ||
|---|---|---|---|
|
|
Becker S, Soukup JM, Sioutas C, Cassee FR. Response of human alveolar macrophages to ultrafine, fine, and coarse urban air pollution particles. Experimental Lung Research 2003;29(1):29-44. |
R827352 (2004) R827352 (Final) R827352C014 (Final) |
|
|
|
Biswas S, Fine PM, Geller MD, Hering SV, Sioutas C. Performance evaluation of a recently developed water-based condensation particle counter. Aerosol Science and Technology 2005;39(5):419-427. |
R827352 (Final) R827352C014 (Final) |
|
|
|
Campbell A, Oldham M, Becaria A, Bondy SC, Meacher D, Sioutas C, Misra C, Mendez LB, Kleinman M. Particulate matter in polluted air may increase biomarkers of inflammation in mouse brain. Neurotoxicology 2005;26(1):133-140. |
R827352 (2004) R827352 (Final) R827352C005 (Final) R827352C014 (Final) |
|
|
|
Chakrabarti B, Singh M, Sioutas C. Development of a near-continuous monitor for measurement of the sub-150 nm PM mass concentration. Aerosol Science and Technology 2004;38(Suppl 1):239-252. |
R827352 (2004) R827352 (Final) R827352C014 (Final) |
|
|
|
Chakrabarti B, Fine PM, Delfino R, Sioutas C. Performance evaluation of an active-flow personal DataRAM PM2.5 mass monitor (Thermo Anderson pDR-1200) designed for continuous personal exposure measurements. Atmospheric Environment 2004;38(20):3329-3340. |
R827352 (2004) R827352 (Final) R827352C014 (Final) |
|
|
|
Chang M, Sioutas C, Cassee FR, Fokkens PHB. Field evaluation of a mobile high-capacity particle size classifier (HCPSC) for separate collection of coarse, fine and ultrafine particles. Journal of Aerosol Science 2001;32(1):139-156. |
R827352 (2004) R827352 (Final) R827352C014 (Final) |
|
|
|
Chang M-C, Geller MD, Sioutas C, Fokkens PHB, Cassee FR. Development and evaluation of a compact, highly efficient coarse particle concentration for toxicological studies. Aerosol Science and Technology 2002;36(4):492-501. |
R827352 (2004) R827352 (Final) R827352C014 (Final) |
|
|
|
Cho AK, Sioutas C, Miguel AH, Kumagai Y, Schmitz DA, Singh M, Eiguren-Fernandez A, Froines JR. Redox activity of airborne particulate matter at different sites in the Los Angeles Basin. Environmental Research 2005;99(1):40-47. |
R827352 (Final) R827352C001 (Final) R827352C013 (Final) R827352C014 (Final) |
|
|
|
Delfino RJ, Sioutas C, Malik S. Potential role of ultrafine particles in association between airborne particle mass and cardiovascular health. Environmental Health Perspectives 2005;113(8):934-946. |
R827352 (Final) R827352C014 (Final) |
|
|
|
Eiguren-Fernandez A, Miguel AH, Jaques PA, Sioutas C. Evaluation of a denuder-MOUDI-PUF sampling system to measure the size distribution of semi-volatile polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in the atmosphere. Aerosol Science and Technology 2003;37(3):201-209. |
R827352 (2004) R827352 (Final) R827352C013 (Final) R827352C014 (Final) |
|
|
|
Fine PM, Jaques PA, Hering SV, Sioutas C. Performance evaluation and use of a continuous monitor for measuring size-fractionated PM2.5 nitrate. Aerosol Science and Technology 2003;37(4):342-354. |
R827352 (2004) R827352 (Final) R827352C014 (Final) |
|
|
|
Fine PM, Chakrabarti B, Krudysz M, Schauer JJ, Sioutas C. Diurnal variations of individual organic compound constituents of ultrafine and accumulation mode particulate matter in the Los Angeles Basin. Environmental Science & Technology 2004;38(5):1296-1304. |
R827352 (2004) R827352 (Final) R827352C014 (Final) |
|
|
|
Fine PM, Shen S, Sioutas C. Inferring the sources of fine and ultrafine particulate matter at downwind receptor sites in the Los Angeles Basin using multiple continuous measurements. Aerosol Science and Technology 2004;38(S1):182-195. |
R827352 (2004) R827352 (Final) R827352C014 (Final) |
|
|
|
Geller MD, Kim S, Misra C, Sioutas C, Olson BA, Marple VA. A methodology for measuring size-dependent chemical composition of ultrafine particles. Aerosol Science and Technology 2002;36(6):748-763. |
R827352 (2004) R827352 (Final) R827352C014 (Final) R828678C009 (2002) |
|
|
|
Geller MD, Fine PM, Sioutas C. The relationship between real-time and time-integrated coarse (2.5-10 μm), intermodal (1-2.5 μm), and fine (<2.5 μm) particulate matter in the Los Angeles Basin. Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association 2004;54(9):1029-1039. |
R827352 (2004) R827352 (Final) R827352C014 (Final) |
|
|
|
Geller MD, Sardar SB, Phuleria H, Fine PM, Sioutas C. Measurements of particle number and mass concentrations and size distributions in a tunnel environment. Environmental Science & Technology 2005;39(22):8653-8663. |
R827352 (Final) R827352C014 (Final) |
|
|
|
Gong H, Sioutas C, Linn WS, Clark KW, Terrell SL, Terrell LL, Anderson KR, Kim S, Chang M-C. Controlled human exposures to concentrated ambient fine particles in metropolitan Los Angeles: methodology and preliminary health-effect findings. Inhalation Toxicology 2000;12(1):107-119. |
R827352 (2004) R827352 (Final) R827352C012 (Final) R827352C014 (Final) R826708 (2000) R826708 (2001) R826708 (2002) R826708 (Final) |
|
|
|
Gong H Jr, Linn WS, Sioutas C, Terrell SL, Clark KW, Anderson KR, Terrell LL. Controlled exposures of healthy and asthmatic volunteers to concentrated ambient fine particles in Los Angeles. Inhalation Toxicology 2003;15(4):305-325. |
R827352 (2004) R827352 (Final) R827352C012 (Final) R827352C014 (Final) R831861 (2005) |
|
|
|
Gong H Jr, Linn WS, Terrell SL, Clark KW, Geller MD, Anderson KR, Cascio WE, Sioutas C, Cascio WE, Sioutas C. Altered heart-rate variability in asthmatic and healthy volunteers exposed to concentrated ambient coarse particles. Inhalation Toxicology 2004;16(6-7):335-343. |
R827352 (2004) R827352 (Final) R827352C012 (Final) R827352C014 (Final) |
|
|
|
Gong H Jr, Linn WS, Terrell SL, Anderson KR, Clark KW, Sioutas C, Cascio WE, Alexis N, Devlin RB. Exposures of elderly volunteers with and without chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) to concentrated ambient fine particulate pollution. Inhalation Toxicology 2004;16(11-12):731-744. |
R827352 (2004) R827352 (Final) R827352C012 (Final) R827352C014 (Final) R827999 (Final) R831861 (2005) |
|
|
|
Gong H Jr, Linn WS, Clark KW, Anderson KR, Geller MD, Sioutas C. Respiratory responses to exposures with fine particulates and nitrogen dioxide in the elderly with and without COPD. Inhalation Toxicology 2005;17(3):123-132. |
R827352 (Final) R827352C012 (Final) R827352C014 (Final) R827999 (Final) R831861 (2005) |
|
|
|
Hering S, Fine PM, Sioutas C, Jaques PA, Ambs JL, Hogrefe O, Demerjian KL. Field assessment of the dynamics of particulate nitrate vaporization using differential TEOM and automated nitrate monitors. Atmospheric Environment 2004;38(31):5183-5192. |
R827352 (2004) R827352 (Final) R827352C014 (Final) |
|
|
|
Jaques PA, Ambs JL, Grant WL, Sioutas C. Field evaluation of the differential TEOM monitor for continuous PM2.5 mass concentrations. Aerosol Science and Technology 2004;38(Suppl 1):49-59. |
R827352 (2004) R827352 (Final) R827352C014 (Final) |
|
|
|
Khlystov A, Zhang Q, Jimenez JL, Stanier C, Pandis SN, Canagaratna MR, Fine P, Misra C, Sioutas C. In-situ concentration of semi-volatile aerosol using water-condensation technology. Journal of Aerosol Science 2005;36(7):866-880. |
R827352 (2004) R827352 (Final) R827352C014 (Final) |
|
|
|
Kim S, Chang M-C, Kim D, Sioutas C. A new generation of portable coarse, fine, and ultrafine particle concentrators for use in inhalation toxicology. Inhalation Toxicology 2000;12(1-2):121-137. |
R827352 (2004) R827352 (Final) R827352C014 (Final) |
|
|
|
Kim S, Sioutas C, Chang M-C, Gong Jr H. Factors affecting the stability of the performance of ambient fine-particle concentrators. Inhalation Toxicology 2000;12(11, Suppl 4):281-298. |
R827352 (2004) R827352 (Final) R827352C012 (Final) R827352C014 (Final) R825513C024 (Final) R826708 (2000) R826708 (2001) R826708 (2002) R826708 (Final) R828598C700 (Final) R829095C004 (2005) |
|
|
|
Kim S, Jaques PA, Chang M, Froines JR, Sioutas C. Versatile aerosol concentration enrichment system (VACES) for simultaneous in vivo and in vitro evaluation of toxic effects of ultrafine, fine and coarse ambient particles. Part I: Development and laboratory characterization. Journal of Aerosol Science 2001;32(11):1281-1297. |
R827352 (Final) R827352C014 (Final) |
|
|
|
Kim S, Jaques PA, Chang M, Barone T, Xiong C, Friedlander SK, Sioutas C. Versatile aerosol concentration enrichment system (VACES) for simultaneous in vivo and in vitro evaluation of toxic effects of ultrafine, fine and coarse ambient particles. Part II: Field evaluation. Journal of Aerosol Science 2001;32(11):1299-1314. |
R827352 (2004) R827352 (Final) R827352C003 (Final) R827352C014 (Final) R826232 (2000) |
|
|
|
Kim S, Shen S, Sioutas C, Zhu Y, Hinds WC. Size distribution and diurnal and seasonal trends of ultrafine particles in source and receptor sites of the Los Angeles Basin. Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association 2002;52(3):297-307. |
R827352 (2004) R827352 (Final) R827352C006 (Final) R827352C014 (Final) |
|
|
|
Kleinman MT, Hamade A, Meacher D, Oldham M, Sioutas C, Chakrabarti B, Stram D, Froines JR, Cho AK. Inhalation of concentrated ambient particulate matter near a heavily trafficked road stimulates antigen-induced airway responses in mice. Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association 2005;55(9):1277-1288. |
R827352 (2004) R827352 (Final) R827352C001 (Final) R827352C005 (Final) R827352C014 (Final) |
|
|
|
Kuhn T, Biswas S, Fine PM, Geller M, Sioutas C. Physical and chemical characteristics and volatility of PM in the proximity of a light-duty vehicle freeway. Aerosol Science and Technology 2005;39(4):347-357. |
R827352 (Final) R827352C014 (Final) |
|
|
|
Kuhn T, Krudysz M, Zhu Y, Fine PM, Hinds WC, Froines J, Sioutas C. Volatility of indoor and outdoor ultrafine particulate matter near a freeway. Journal of Aerosol Science 2005;36(3):291-302. |
R827352 (2004) R827352 (Final) R827352C006 (Final) R827352C014 (Final) |
|
|
|
Lee JH, Hopke PK, Holsen TM, Lee D-W, Jaques PA, Sioutas C, Ambs JL. Performance evaluation of continuous PM2.5 mass concentration monitors. Journal of Aerosol Science 2005;36(1):95-109. |
R827352 (Final) R827352C014 (Final) |
|
|
|
Li N, Kim S, Wang M, Froines J, Sioutas C, Nel A. Use of a stratified oxidative stress model to study the biological effects of ambient concentrated and diesel exhaust particulate matter. Inhalation Toxicology 2002;14(5):459-486. |
R827352 (2004) R827352 (Final) R827352C002 (Final) R827352C014 (Final) |
|
|
|
Li N, Sioutas S, Cho A, Schmitz D, Misra C, Sempf J, Wang M, Oberly T, Froines J, Nel A. Ultrafine particulate pollutants induce oxidative stress and mitochondrial damage. Environmental Health Perspectives 2003;111(4):455-460. |
R827352 (2004) R827352 (Final) R827352C001 (Final) R827352C002 (Final) R827352C014 (Final) |
|
|
|
Li N, Alam J, Venkatesan I, Eiguren-Fernandez A, Schmitz D, Di Stefano E, Slaughter N, Killeen E, Wang X, Huang A, Wang M, Miguel AH, Cho A, Sioutas C, Nel AE. Nrf2 is a key transcription factor that regulates antioxidant defense in macrophages and epithelial cells: protecting against the proinflammatory and oxidizing effects of diesel exhaust chemicals. Journal of Immunology 2004;173(5):3467-3481. |
R827352 (2004) R827352 (Final) R827352C001 (Final) R827352C002 (Final) R827352C013 (Final) R827352C014 (Final) |
|
|
|
Lippmann M, Frampton M, Schwartz J, Dockery D, Schlesinger R, Koutrakis P, Froines J, Nel A, Finkelstein J, Godleski J, Kaufman J, Koenig J, Larson T, Luchtel D, Liu L-J S, Oberdorster G, Peters A, Sarnat J, Sioutas C, Suh H, Sullivan J, Utell M, Wichmann E, Zelikoff J. The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Particulate Matter Health Effects Research Centers Program: a midcourse report of status, progress, and plans. Environmental Health Perspectives 2003;111(8):1074-1092. |
R827352 (Final) R827352C002 (Final) R827352C014 (Final) R827351 (2002) R827351 (Final) R827353 (Final) R827353C006 (Final) R827353C015 (Final) R827354 (Final) R827355 (Final) |
|
|
|
Miguel AH, Eiguren-Fernandez A, Jaques PA, Froines JR, Grant BL, Mayo PR, Sioutas C. Seasonal variation of the particle size distribution of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and of major aerosol species in Claremont, California. Atmospheric Environment 2004;38(20):3241-3251. |
R827352 (2004) R827352 (Final) R827352C013 (Final) R827352C014 (Final) |
|
|
|
Miguel A, Eiguren-Fernandez A, Sioutas C, Fine P, Geller M, Mayo P. Observations of twelve USEPA priority polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in the Aitken size range (10-32 nm Dp). Aerosol Science and Technology 2005;39(5):415-418. |
R827352 (Final) R827352C013 (Final) R827352C014 (Final) |
|
|
|
Misra C, Geller MD, Shah P, Sioutas C, Solomon PA. Development and evaluation of a continuous coarse (PM10 - PM2.5) particle monitor. Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association 2001;51(9):1309-1317. |
R827352 (2004) R827352 (Final) R827352C014 (Final) |
|
|
|
Misra C, Kim S, Shen S, Sioutas C. A high flow rate, very low pressure drop impactor for inertial separation of ultrafine from accumulation mode particles. Journal of Aerosol Science 2002;33(5):735-752. |
R827352 (2004) R827352 (Final) R827352C014 (Final) |
|
|
|
Misra C, Singh M, Shen S, Sioutas C, Hall PM. Development and evaluation of a personal cascade impactor sampler (PCIS). Journal of Aerosol Science 2002;33(7):1027-1047. |
R827352 (2004) R827352 (Final) R827352C014 (Final) R828678C007 (2001) R828678C007 (2002) R828678C007 (2003) R828678C007 (2004) R828678C007 (Final) R828678C009 (2003) R828678C009 (Final) |
|
|
|
Misra C, Geller M, Sioutas C, Solomon P. Development and evaluation of a PM10 impactor-inlet for a continuous coarse particle monitor. Aerosol Science and Technology 2003;37(3):271-281. |
R827352 (Final) R827352C014 (Final) |
|
|
|
Misra C, Fine PM, Singh M, Sioutas C. Development and evaluation of a compact facility for exposing humans to concentrated ambient ultrafine particles. Aerosol Science and Technology 2004;38(1):27-35. |
R827352 (2004) R827352 (Final) R827352C014 (Final) R828678C009 (2001) R828678C009 (Final) |
|
|
|
Phuleria HC, Fine PM, Zhu Y, Sioutas C. Air quality impacts of the October 2003 Southern California wildfires. Journal of Geophysical Research–Atmospheres 2005;110(D7):D07S20, doi:10.1029/2004JD004626. |
R827352 (2004) R827352 (Final) R827352C014 (Final) |
|
|
|
Prophete C, Maciejczyk P, Salnikow K, Gould T, Larson T, Koenig J, Jaques P, Sioutas C, Lippmann M, Cohen M. Effects of select PM-associated metals on alveolar macrophage phosphorylated ERK1 and -2 and iNOS expression during ongoing alteration in iron homeostasis. Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health, Part A 2006;69(10):935-951. |
R827352 (Final) R827352C014 (Final) R827351 (Final) R827351C008 (Final) R827351C010 (Final) R827355 (Final) R827355C008 (Final) |
|
|
|
Sardar SB, Fine PM, Yoon H, Sioutas C. Associations between particle number and gaseous co-pollutant concentrations in the Los Angeles Basin. Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association 2004;54(8):992-1005. |
R827352 (2004) R827352 (Final) R827352C014 (Final) |
|
|
|
Sardar SB, Fine PM, Mayo PR, Sioutas C. Size-fractionated measurements of ambient ultrafine particle chemical composition in Los Angeles using the NanoMOUDI. Environmental Science & Technology 2005;39(4):932-944. |
R827352 (Final) R827352C014 (Final) |
|
|
|
Sardar SB, Fine PM, Sioutas C. Seasonal and spatial variability of the size-resolved chemical composition of particulate matter (PM10) in the Los Angeles Basin. Journal of Geophysical Research–Atmospheres 2005;110(D7):D07S08,doi:10.1029/2004JD004627 |
R827352 (2004) R827352 (Final) R827352C014 (Final) |
|
|
|
Shen S, Jaques PA, Zhu Y, Geller MD, Sioutas C. Evaluation of the SMPS–APS system as a continuous monitor for measuring PM2.5, PM10 and course (PM2.5–10) concentrations. Atmospheric Environment 2002;36(24):3939-3950. |
R827352 (2004) R827352 (Final) R827352C014 (Final) |
|
|
|
Singh M, Jaques PA, Sioutas C. Size distribution and diurnal characteristics of particle-bound metals in source and receptor sites of the Los Angeles Basin. Atmospheric Environment 2002;36(10):1675-1689. |
R827352 (2004) R827352 (Final) R827352C014 (Final) |
|
|
|
Singh M, Misra C, Sioutas C. Field evaluation of a personal cascade impactor sampler (PCIS). Atmospheric Environment 2003;37(34):4781-4793. |
R827352 (Final) R827352C014 (Final) R828678C009 (2002) R828678C009 (2003) R828678C009 (Final) |
|
|
|
Sioutas C, Kim S, Chang M, Terrell LL, Gong Jr H. Field evaluation of a modified DataRAM MIE scattering monitor for real-time PM2.5 mass concentration measurements. Atmospheric Environment 2000;34(28):4829-4838. |
R827352 (Final) R827352C012 (Final) R827352C014 (Final) R826708 (2000) R826708 (2001) R826708 (2002) R826708 (Final) |
|
|
|
Sioutas C, Pandis SN, Allen DT, Solomon PA. Special issue of Atmospheric Environment on findings from EPA’s Particulate Matter Supersites Program. Atmospheric Environment 2004;38(20):3101-3106. |
R827352 (Final) R827352C014 (Final) |
|
|
|
Sioutas C, Delfino RJ, Singh M. Exposure assessment for atmospheric ultrafine particles (UFPs) and implications in epidemiologic research. Environmental Health Perspectives 2005;113(8):947-955. |
R827352 (Final) R827352C014 (Final) |
|
|
|
Westerdahl D, Fruin S, Sax T, Fine PM, Sioutas C. Mobile platform measurements of ultrafine particles and associated pollutant concentrations on freeways and residential streets in Los Angeles. Atmospheric Environment 2005;39(20):3597-3610. |
R827352 (Final) R827352C014 (Final) |
|
|
|
Xia T, Korge P, Weiss JN, Li N, Venkatesan MI, Sioutas C, Nel A. Quinones and aromatic chemical compounds in particulate matter induce mitochondrial dysfunction: implications for ultrafine particle toxicity. Environmental Health Perspectives 2004;112(14):1347-1358. |
R827352 (Final) R827352C002 (Final) R827352C014 (Final) |
|
|
|
Xia T, Kovochich M, Brant J, Hotze M, Sempf J, Oberley T, Sioutas C, Yeh JI, Wiesner MR, Nel AE. Comparison of the abilities of ambient and manufactured nanoparticles to induce cellular toxicity according to an oxidative stress paradigm. Nano Letters 2006;6(8):1794-1807. |
R827352 (Final) R827352C002 (Final) R827352C014 (Final) R832413 (2008) R832413C001 (2007) R832413C001 (2008) R832413C002 (2006) R832413C002 (2008) |
|
|
|
Yu RC, Teh HW, Jaques PA, Sioutas C, Froines JR. Quality control of semi-continuous mobility size-fractionated particle number concentration data. Atmospheric Environment 2004;38(20):3341-3348. |
R827352 (2004) R827352 (Final) R827352C014 (Final) |
|
|
|
Zhang KM, Wexler AS, Zhu YF, Hinds WC, Sioutas C. Evolution of particle number distribution near roadways. Part II: The ‘Road-to-Ambient’ process. Atmospheric Environment 2004;38(38):6655-6665. |
R827352 (Final) R827352C006 (Final) R827352C014 (Final) |
|
|
|
Zhang KM, Wexler AS, Niemeier DA, Zhu YF, Hinds WC, Sioutas C. Evolution of particle number distribution near roadways. Part III: Traffic analysis and on-road size resolved particulate emission factors. Atmospheric Environment 2005;39(22):4155-4166. |
R827352 (Final) R827352C006 (Final) R827352C014 (Final) |
|
|
|
Zhao Y, Bein KJ, Wexler AS, Misra C, Fine PM, Sioutas C. Field evaluation of the versatile aerosol concentration enrichment system (VACES) particle concentrator coupled to the rapid single-particle mass spectrometer (RSMS-3). Journal of Geophysical Research–Atmospheres 2005;110(D7):D07S02, doi:10.1029/2004JD004644. |
R827352 (Final) R827352C014 (Final) |
|
|
|
Zhu Y, Hinds WC, Kim S, Sioutas C. Concentration and size distribution of ultrafine particles near a major highway. Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association 2002;52(9):1032-1042. |
R827352 (Final) R827352C006 (Final) R827352C014 (Final) |
|
|
|
Zhu Y, Hinds WC, Kim S, Shen S, Sioutas C. Study of ultrafine particles near a major highway with heavy-duty diesel traffic. Atmospheric Environment 2002;36(27):4323-4335. |
R827352 (Final) R827352C006 (Final) R827352C014 (Final) |
|
|
|
Zhu Y, Hinds WC, Shen S, Sioutas C. Seasonal trends of concentration and size distribution of ultrafine particles near major highways in Los Angeles. Aerosol Science and Technology 2004;38(Suppl 1):5-13. |
R827352 (Final) R827352C006 (Final) R827352C014 (Final) |
|
|
|
Zhu Y, Hinds WC, Krudysz M, Kuhn T, Froines J, Sioutas C. Penetration of freeway ultrafine particles into indoor environments. Journal of Aerosol Science 2005;36(3):303-322. |
R827352 (Final) R827352C006 (Final) R827352C014 (Final) |
|
, HUMAN HEALTH, Air, Geographic Area, Scientific Discipline, Health, RFA, PHYSICAL ASPECTS, Health Effects, Risk Assessments, Air Pollutants, Physical Processes, Biochemistry, particulate matter, Environmental Chemistry, State, aerosols, epidemiology, California (CA), allergens, air sampling, children's health, human health risk, air pollution, atmospheric chemistry, children, aldehydes, dosimetry, exposure, PAH, allergic airway disease, ambient aerosol, asthma, aerosol composition
Relevant Websites:
Full Final Technical Report (PDF, 8pp., 34.4KB, about PDF)
http://www.scpcs.ucla.edu
Progress and Final Reports:
2001 Progress Report
2002 Progress Report
2003 Progress Report
Original Abstract
Main Center Abstract and Reports:
R827352 Southern California Particle Center and Supersite
Subprojects under this Center:
(EPA does not fund or establish subprojects; EPA awards and manages the overall grant for this center).
R827352C001 The Chemical Toxicology of Particulate Matter
R827352C002 Pro-inflammatory and the Pro-oxidative Effects of Diesel Exhaust Particulate in Vivo and in Vitro
R827352C003 Measurement of the “Effective” Surface Area of Ultrafine and Accumulation Mode PM (Pilot Project)
R827352C004 Effect of Exposure to Freeways with Heavy Diesel Traffic and Gasoline Traffic on Asthma Mouse Model
R827352C005 Effects of Exposure to Fine and Ultrafine Concentrated Ambient Particles near a Heavily Trafficked Freeway in Geriatric Rats (Pilot Project)
R827352C006 Relationship Between Ultrafine Particle Size Distribution and Distance From Highways
R827352C007 Exposure to Vehicular Pollutants and Respiratory Health
R827352C008 Traffic Density and Human Reproductive Health
R827352C009 The Role of Quinones, Aldehydes, Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons, and other Atmospheric Transformation Products on Chronic Health Effects in Children
R827352C010 Novel Method for Measurement of Acrolein in Aerosols
R827352C011 Off-Line Sampling of Exhaled Nitric Oxide in Respiratory Health Surveys
R827352C012 Controlled Human Exposure Studies with Concentrated PM
R827352C013 Particle Size Distributions of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in the LAB
R827352C014 Physical and Chemical Characteristics of PM in the LAB (Source Receptor Study)
R827352C015 Exposure Assessment and Airshed Modeling Applications in Support of SCPC and CHS Projects
R827352C016 Particle Dosimetry
R827352C017 Conduct Research and Monitoring That Contributes to a Better Understanding of the Measurement, Sources, Size Distribution, Chemical Composition, Physical State, Spatial and Temporal Variability, and Health Effects of Suspended PM in the Los Angeles Basin (LAB)