CAUTION: Whenever a base of an income distribution is relatively small, the medians, means, and percent distributions are extremely unreliable because of the limited size of the sample. Pay particular attention to the standard errors for small population estimates, especially if the base is less than 75,000.
Table 5. Mean Income Deficit of Families in Poverty, by Definition of Income and Selected Characteristics: 2003
Before taxes
Money income--
Excluding Definition 1 Definition 2
capital gains less government plus
(current measure) transfers capital gains
Mean deficit Mean deficit Mean deficit
Total Def 1 Def 2 Def 3
(thous.) Value Std error Value Std error Value Std error
All families 76232 7627 70 9187 51 9232 51
Race and Hispanic Origin of Householder
White alone or in combination 63459 7274 82 8753 55 8812 56
White alone 62620 7260 83 8745 56 8806 57
White alone, not Hispanic 54032 7133 100 8595 59 8669 59
Black alone or in combination 9131 8352 142 10689 128 10653 128
Black alone 8914 8371 143 10738 128 10703 128
Asian alone or in combination 3194 8451 366 9632 288 9665 293
Asian alone 3064 8412 368 9697 289 9734 295
Hispanic (of any race) 9274 7589 143 9387 141 9388 142
Age of Householder
15 to 24 years 3592 8299 168 9514 170 9531 170
25 to 44 years 31890 8130 102 9729 105 9758 106
45 to 54 years 17137 7194 190 9301 167 9358 169
55 to 64 years 11621 7012 198 9533 142 9511 145
65 years and over 11991 5179 175 8456 64 8526 65
Type of Family
Married-couple families 57725 7157 111 8664 62 8740 63
With related children under 18 26959 7776 156 9316 157 9382 158
With related children under 6 12488 8002 205 9251 213 9333 216
Male householder, no wife present 4717 7429 236 8943 192 8941 194
Female householder, no husband present 13791 8040 97 10059 93 10044 93
With related children under 18 9614 8383 104 10473 109 10479 109
With related children under 6 3818 9334 148 11342 159 11357 159
Table 5. Mean Income Deficit of Families in Poverty, by Definition of Income and Selected Characteristics: 2003
Before taxes
Money income--
Excluding Definition 1 Definition 2
capital gains less government plus
(current measure) transfers capital gains
Mean deficit Mean deficit Mean deficit
Total Def 1 Def 2 Def 3
(thous.) Value Std error Value Std error Value Std error
Type of Residence
Inside metropolitan areas 61403 7782 80 9323 60 9370 61
Inside central cities 20343 7908 117 9813 96 9805 97
Outside central cities 41061 7656 108 8945 75 9030 77
Outside metropolitan areas 14829 7062 179 8770 116 8812 118
Region
Northeast 13994 7470 164 9425 115 9467 116
Midwest 17378 7665 168 8739 116 8799 119
South 28000 7533 110 9166 79 9219 80
West 16860 7884 152 9454 119 9470 120
Educational Attainment
Less than 12th grade, no diploma 11077 7660 123 9839 92 9857 92
High school graduate, no college 23220 7621 114 8912 83 8970 84
College: Less than bachelor's degree 20746 7424 150 8987 111 9036 112
Bachelor's degree or more 21189 8060 236 8392 143 8451 146
Work Experience in 2003
Total, 15 to 64 years 64241 7893 74 9592 70 9615 71
Worked at full-time jobs 46259 6205 114 6671 110 6699 111
50 to 52 weeks 39534 5545 154 5629 147 5627 147
Worked at part-time jobs 6891 7402 155 8258 151 8307 151
Did not work 11091 9354 112 11841 93 11875 94
Table 5. Mean Income Deficit of Families in Poverty, by Definition of Income and Selected Characteristics: 2003
Before taxes
Money income--
Excluding Definition 1 Definition 2
capital gains less government plus
(current measure) transfers capital gains
Mean deficit Mean deficit Mean deficit
Total Def 1 Def 2 Def 3
(thous.) Value Std error Value Std error Value Std error
Year-Round Full-Time Workers
No workers 21829 8272 81 9859 54 9914 54
Householder 15 to 64 years 12838 8720 86 10804 77 10831 78
Householder 65 years and over 8991 5007 174 8517 64 8581 65
One worker 33314 5530 129 5652 116 5675 118
Two workers or more 21089 7423 625 7486 561 7439 551
Program Participation Status of
Family Members
One or more members received:
Cash assistance 4019 7683 137 12254 125 12261 125
Public assistance or wefare non-SSI 1801 8624 163 13083 179 13084 180
SSI 2516 5868 189 11942 160 11939 161
Food stamps 4927 8218 111 11278 110 11303 110
Housing assistance 2658 8385 159 11498 153 11490 153
Energy assistance 1573 7325 210 10914 191 10918 193
Free or reduced-price school lunches 8008 8374 115 10578 121 10612 121
Family received both food stamps and
cash assistance 2045 7962 154 12962 153 12944 154
Table 5. Mean Income Deficit of Families in Poverty, by Definition of Income and Selected Characteristics: 2003
Before taxes
Money income--
Excluding Definition 1 Definition 2
capital gains less government plus
(current measure) transfers capital gains
Mean deficit Mean deficit Mean deficit
Total Def 1 Def 2 Def 3
(thous.) Value Std error Value Std error Value Std error
Health Insurance Coverage
One or more members covered by:
Employer-provided plan 54421 6732 136 7370 90 7429 91
Medicare 17013 5767 148 8958 63 9024 63
Medicaid 13325 7785 92 10365 85 10400 86
No members covered by:
Employer-provided plan or Medicare
or Medicaid 7843 8263 161 8668 149 8694 152
Health insurance 4840 8298 183 8630 174 8646 177
Family received:
Medicare and Medicaid 3152 5834 222 10828 146 10867 147
Table 5. Mean Income Deficit of Families in Poverty, by Definition of Income and Selected Characteristics: 2003
Before taxes After taxes
Definition 3
plus health
insurance Definition 4 Definition 5 Definition 6
supplements to less less plus
wage or salary Social Security Federal Earned Income
income payroll taxes income taxes Tax Credit
Mean deficit Mean defict Mean deficit Mean defict
Def 4 Def 5 Def 6 Def 7
Value Std error Value Std error Value Std error Value Std error
All families 9285 52 9166 51 9162 51 9166 54
Race and Hispanic Origin of Householder
White alone or in combination 8872 57 8739 56 8730 56 8740 59
White alone 8866 58 8732 56 8723 56 8735 59
White alone, not Hispanic 8701 60 8576 59 8568 59 8595 61
Black alone or in combination 10660 130 10626 127 10633 127 10588 135
Black alone 10704 131 10671 128 10678 128 10626 136
Asian alone or in combination 9820 299 9662 289 9734 288 9870 314
Asian alone 9904 300 9740 291 9809 290 9979 314
Hispanic (of any race) 9557 147 9377 140 9362 140 9362 155
Age of Householder
15 to 24 years 9530 176 9250 172 9259 172 9234 174
25 to 44 years 9845 109 9617 104 9628 104 9710 120
45 to 54 years 9546 174 9388 167 9394 166 9523 180
55 to 64 years 9608 146 9453 144 9435 144 9495 146
65 years and over 8528 65 8530 65 8513 65 8496 65
Type of Family
Married-couple families 8740 64 8674 63 8657 63 8554 65
With related children under 18 9455 167 9225 154 9194 154 8950 183
With related children under 6 9318 226 8989 209 8953 209 8457 243
Male householder, no wife present 9088 198 8796 191 8821 190 9034 202
Female householder, no husband present 10161 94 9994 92 10008 92 10166 99
With related children under 18 10606 112 10421 109 10461 109 10705 118
With related children under 6 11485 162 11389 159 11407 159 11427 170
Table 5. Mean Income Deficit of Families in Poverty, by Definition of Income and Selected Characteristics: 2003
Before taxes After taxes
Definition 3
plus health
insurance Definition 4 Definition 5 Definition 6
supplements to less less plus
wage or salary Social Security Federal Earned Income
income payroll taxes income taxes Tax Credit
Mean deficit Mean defict Mean deficit Mean defict
Def 4 Def 5 Def 6 Def 7
Value Std error Value Std error Value Std error Value Std error
Type of Residence
Inside metropolitan areas 9417 62 9300 60 9291 60 9303 63
Inside central cities 9875 99 9739 96 9726 96 9761 102
Outside central cities 9060 78 8956 76 8949 76 8949 80
Outside metropolitan areas 8882 119 8759 117 8772 116 8753 122
Region
Northeast 9497 118 9407 115 9419 115 9402 121
Midwest 8905 121 8830 118 8819 118 8827 124
South 9236 81 9133 79 9127 79 9129 84
West 9555 123 9339 119 9335 119 9358 126
Educational Attainment
Less than 12th grade, no diploma 9935 94 9789 92 9784 91 9780 96
High school graduate, no college 9043 86 8931 84 8913 84 8924 89
College: Less than bachelor's degree 9075 114 8934 112 8945 111 8955 118
Bachelor's degree or more 8358 149 8336 145 8358 145 8362 150
Work Experience in 2003
Total, 15 to 64 years 9709 73 9500 70 9505 70 9566 76
Worked at full-time jobs 6727 118 6649 108 6667 108 6345 128
50 to 52 weeks 5595 158 5514 138 5559 138 5189 177
Worked at part-time jobs 8210 154 8085 149 8091 149 7575 160
Did not work 11925 95 11852 94 11834 94 11814 96
Table 5. Mean Income Deficit of Families in Poverty, by Definition of Income and Selected Characteristics: 2003
Before taxes After taxes
Definition 3
plus health
insurance Definition 4 Definition 5 Definition 6
supplements to less less plus
wage or salary Social Security Federal Earned Income
income payroll taxes income taxes Tax Credit
Mean deficit Mean defict Mean deficit Mean defict
Def 4 Def 5 Def 6 Def 7
Value Std error Value Std error Value Std error Value Std error
Year-Round Full-Time Workers
No workers 9927 55 9929 54 9913 54 9800 56
Householder 15 to 64 years 10860 79 10833 77 10820 78 10686 82
Householder 65 years and over 8588 65 8599 65 8582 65 8574 65
One worker 5593 126 5507 112 5544 112 5105 133
Two workers or more 7243 580 7257 507 7348 504 6901 603
Program Participation Status of
Family Members
One or more members received:
Cash assistance 12280 126 12311 124 12276 124 12157 129
Public assistance or wefare non-SSI 13136 180 13181 177 13141 178 12955 186
SSI 11942 162 11964 160 11934 160 11885 163
Food stamps 11327 111 11324 109 11328 109 11079 117
Housing assistance 11519 156 11461 153 11466 153 11381 162
Energy assistance 11021 195 10984 192 10965 192 10691 205
Free or reduced-price school lunches 10662 125 10519 120 10542 120 10537 136
Family received both food stamps and
cash assistance 12983 154 13041 152 13008 152 12800 158
Table 5. Mean Income Deficit of Families in Poverty, by Definition of Income and Selected Characteristics: 2003
Before taxes After taxes
Definition 3
plus health
insurance Definition 4 Definition 5 Definition 6
supplements to less less plus
wage or salary Social Security Federal Earned Income
income payroll taxes income taxes Tax Credit
Mean deficit Mean defict Mean deficit Mean defict
Def 4 Def 5 Def 6 Def 7
Value Std error Value Std error Value Std error Value Std error
Health Insurance Coverage
One or more members covered by:
Employer-provided plan 7419 97 7297 94 7275 94 7412 101
Medicare 9034 64 9019 63 8997 63 8954 64
Medicaid 10476 87 10350 84 10345 84 10264 91
No members covered by:
Employer-provided plan or Medicare
or Medicaid 8694 152 8429 143 8446 143 8542 158
Health insurance 8646 177 8411 166 8413 166 8486 185
Family received:
Medicare and Medicaid 10915 148 10914 146 10837 147 10740 150
Table 5. Mean Income Deficit of Families in Poverty, by Definition of Income and Selected Characteristics: 2003
After taxes
Definition 8
plus
Definition 7 nonmeans- Definition 10
less tested Definition 9 plus
State government plus regular-price
income taxes cash transfers Medicare school lunches
Mean defict Mean defict Mean deficit Mean deficit
Def 8 Def 9 Def 10 Def 11
Value Std error Value Std error Value Std error Value Std error
All families 9163 54 8507 79 8598 80 8597 80
Race and Hispanic Origin of Householder
White alone or in combination 8741 59 8011 93 8088 94 8084 94
White alone 8739 59 8008 94 8082 95 8078 95
White alone, not Hispanic 8597 61 7879 108 7943 110 7939 110
Black alone or in combination 10558 136 9566 161 9668 163 9672 163
Black alone 10596 136 9586 163 9686 164 9689 164
Asian alone or in combination 9903 314 9249 383 9523 389 9584 388
Asian alone 10016 314 9253 384 9464 389 9527 388
Hispanic (of any race) 9374 155 8404 175 8489 176 8484 176
Age of Householder
15 to 24 years 9226 174 8929 179 8927 179 8926 179
25 to 44 years 9723 120 9171 125 9202 126 9206 126
45 to 54 years 9540 181 8401 210 8481 211 8473 211
55 to 64 years 9474 146 8030 213 8228 215 8225 215
65 years and over 8482 65 5941 167 6048 172 6046 172
Type of Family
Married-couple families 8553 65 7556 121 7647 122 7646 122
With related children under 18 8978 183 8113 190 8123 191 8121 191
With related children under 6 8446 243 8000 247 8010 248 8002 248
Male householder, no wife present 8991 202 7951 257 8072 261 8063 261
Female householder, no husband present 10169 99 9356 113 9427 114 9429 114
With related children under 18 10719 118 9918 124 9962 124 9965 124
With related children under 6 11432 171 10770 174 10818 175 10832 174
Table 5. Mean Income Deficit of Families in Poverty, by Definition of Income and Selected Characteristics: 2003
After taxes
Definition 8
plus
Definition 7 nonmeans- Definition 10
less tested Definition 9 plus
State government plus regular-price
income taxes cash transfers Medicare school lunches
Mean defict Mean defict Mean deficit Mean deficit
Def 8 Def 9 Def 10 Def 11
Value Std error Value Std error Value Std error Value Std error
Type of Residence
Inside metropolitan areas 9300 63 8700 91 8792 92 8791 92
Inside central cities 9767 102 9031 134 9151 136 9157 136
Outside central cities 8940 80 8357 123 8423 124 8415 124
Outside metropolitan areas 8749 122 7807 194 7893 196 7897 196
Region
Northeast 9472 121 9056 193 9214 194 9220 195
Midwest 8827 124 8645 197 8840 200 8847 200
South 9109 84 8094 121 8167 121 8166 121
West 9325 126 8772 173 8776 175 8769 175
Educational Attainment
Less than 12th grade, no diploma 9776 96 8719 139 8903 141 8898 141
High school graduate, no college 8923 88 8437 134 8508 135 8520 135
College: Less than bachelor's degree 8931 118 8333 166 8315 166 8307 167
Bachelor's degree or more 8390 150 8286 243 8353 244 8342 244
Work Experience in 2003
Total, 15 to 64 years 9569 76 8862 86 8921 87 8921 87
Worked at full-time jobs 6357 128 6242 138 6257 139 6260 139
50 to 52 weeks 5191 178 5265 192 5283 193 5292 193
Worked at part-time jobs 7547 160 7378 173 7418 174 7420 174
Did not work 11808 96 10875 119 10996 120 10990 120
Table 5. Mean Income Deficit of Families in Poverty, by Definition of Income and Selected Characteristics: 2003
After taxes
Definition 8
plus
Definition 7 nonmeans- Definition 10
less tested Definition 9 plus
State government plus regular-price
income taxes cash transfers Medicare school lunches
Mean defict Mean defict Mean deficit Mean deficit
Def 8 Def 9 Def 10 Def 11
Value Std error Value Std error Value Std error Value Std error
Year-Round Full-Time Workers
No workers 9804 56 9332 88 9443 89 9440 89
Householder 15 to 64 years 10699 82 9908 96 9976 96 9973 96
Householder 65 years and over 8569 65 5884 170 5965 173 5963 173
One worker 5071 133 5099 150 5123 151 5119 151
Two workers or more 6966 606 6814 686 7105 711 7210 717
Program Participation Status of
Family Members
One or more members received:
Cash assistance 12128 129 10813 151 11007 153 11012 153
Public assistance or wefare non-SSI 12950 187 11941 197 12019 197 12016 197
SSI 11841 164 9912 203 10150 211 10161 210
Food stamps 11056 117 9876 127 9969 128 9966 128
Housing assistance 11378 162 10258 180 10300 182 10297 182
Energy assistance 10775 205 9510 244 9635 246 9632 246
Free or reduced-price school lunches 10526 136 9605 142 9642 142 9641 142
Family received both food stamps and
cash assistance 12773 159 11413 176 11549 177 11546 177
Table 5. Mean Income Deficit of Families in Poverty, by Definition of Income and Selected Characteristics: 2003
After taxes
Definition 8
plus
Definition 7 nonmeans- Definition 10
less tested Definition 9 plus
State government plus regular-price
income taxes cash transfers Medicare school lunches
Mean defict Mean defict Mean deficit Mean deficit
Def 8 Def 9 Def 10 Def 11
Value Std error Value Std error Value Std error Value Std error
Health Insurance Coverage
One or more members covered by:
Employer-provided plan 7427 100 7222 166 7340 167 7360 167
Medicare 8934 64 6829 150 7073 157 7071 157
Medicaid 10246 91 9152 105 9232 106 9230 106
No members covered by:
Employer-provided plan or Medicare
or Medicaid 8566 158 8167 170 8167 170 8157 170
Health insurance 8525 185 8214 195 8214 195 8205 195
Family received:
Medicare and Medicaid 10672 150 7570 213 7777 226 7775 226
Table 5. Mean Income Deficit of Families in Poverty, by Definition of Income and Selected Characteristics: 2003
After taxes
Definition 14
Definition 11 Definition 13 plus
plus plus other net imputed
means-tested Definition 12 means-tested return
government plus government on equity
cash transfers Medicaid noncash transfers in own home
Mean deficit Mean deficit Mean deficit Mean deficit
Def 12 Def 13 Def 14 Def 15
Value Std error Value Std error Value Std error Value Std error
All families 7675 76 7924 79 6804 76 6677 77
Race and Hispanic Origin of Householder
White alone or in combination 7301 90 7588 93 6746 90 6654 92
White alone 7294 91 7589 94 6746 91 6648 93
White alone, not Hispanic 7244 108 7454 110 6748 109 6631 110
Black alone or in combination 8407 153 8536 158 6627 151 6516 153
Black alone 8412 154 8547 159 6644 153 6529 154
Asian alone or in combination 8888 400 9158 404 8559 406 8089 429
Asian alone 8833 402 9099 406 8533 411 8064 435
Hispanic (of any race) 7463 160 7898 167 6753 159 6664 161
Age of Householder
15 to 24 years 8114 170 8450 178 7158 172 7129 172
25 to 44 years 8165 117 8470 121 7120 117 7013 116
45 to 54 years 7501 210 7771 216 6724 216 6626 217
55 to 64 years 7095 205 7254 208 6650 204 5790 202
65 years and over 5471 183 5530 184 5248 189 5132 209
Type of Family
Married-couple families 7055 121 7392 126 6945 125 6668 129
With related children under 18 7568 185 8209 198 7507 198 7318 197
With related children under 6 7577 237 8362 259 7623 259 7381 255
Male householder, no wife present 7523 256 7657 261 7149 252 7048 254
Female householder, no husband present 8183 105 8372 108 6627 103 6618 104
With related children under 18 8608 114 8823 117 6930 113 6851 112
With related children under 6 9420 159 9747 164 7596 158 7501 158
Table 5. Mean Income Deficit of Families in Poverty, by Definition of Income and Selected Characteristics: 2003
After taxes
Definition 14
Definition 11 Definition 13 plus
plus plus other net imputed
means-tested Definition 12 means-tested return
government plus government on equity
cash transfers Medicaid noncash transfers in own home
Mean deficit Mean deficit Mean deficit Mean deficit
Def 12 Def 13 Def 14 Def 15
Value Std error Value Std error Value Std error Value Std error
Type of Residence
Inside metropolitan areas 7807 87 8069 90 6875 87 6758 88
Inside central cities 7945 128 8279 133 6690 127 6700 128
Outside central cities 7670 118 7865 121 7049 119 6814 121
Outside metropolitan areas 7194 193 7394 199 6539 192 6367 197
Region
Northeast 7669 182 7844 188 6584 185 6414 186
Midwest 7942 187 8226 192 6871 177 6711 178
South 7558 119 7783 122 6648 116 6557 118
West 7695 165 8013 172 7205 175 7067 180
Educational Attainment
Less than 12th grade, no diploma 7728 132 8008 137 6645 127 6593 131
High school graduate, no college 7643 127 7851 130 6631 126 6544 128
College: Less than bachelor's degree 7494 165 7784 172 6891 174 6665 172
Bachelor's degree or more 8058 249 8222 252 7865 248 7586 260
Work Experience in 2003
Total, 15 to 64 years 7930 82 8212 84 7003 82 6830 82
Worked at full-time jobs 5985 136 6332 146 5698 148 5732 150
50 to 52 weeks 5227 192 5666 212 5582 232 5731 237
Worked at part-time jobs 6977 167 7119 173 5923 163 5822 160
Did not work 9432 116 9650 117 8019 114 7714 115
Table 5. Mean Income Deficit of Families in Poverty, by Definition of Income and Selected Characteristics: 2003
After taxes
Definition 14
Definition 11 Definition 13 plus
plus plus other net imputed
means-tested Definition 12 means-tested return
government plus government on equity
cash transfers Medicaid noncash transfers in own home
Mean deficit Mean deficit Mean deficit Mean deficit
Def 12 Def 13 Def 14 Def 15
Value Std error Value Std error Value Std error Value Std error
Year-Round Full-Time Workers
No workers 8322 85 8473 87 7111 83 6939 84
Householder 15 to 64 years 8738 91 8913 93 7408 90 7167 90
Householder 65 years and over 5322 183 5384 185 5122 190 4950 205
One worker 5063 152 5471 166 5250 177 5278 184
Two workers or more 7150 732 7687 789 7703 814 8330 800
Program Participation Status of
Family Members
One or more members received:
Cash assistance 7925 142 8173 149 5570 129 5491 130
Public assistance or wefare non-SSI 8790 168 8952 178 5927 152 5882 154
SSI 6096 200 6423 213 4708 203 4575 205
Food stamps 8218 118 8629 124 5865 107 5815 108
Housing assistance 8442 169 8794 181 4832 143 4832 143
Energy assistance 7532 229 7970 245 5551 216 5606 223
Free or reduced-price school lunches 8406 131 8799 136 6798 130 6712 130
Family received both food stamps and
cash assistance 8167 160 8407 169 5203 138 5155 138
Table 5. Mean Income Deficit of Families in Poverty, by Definition of Income and Selected Characteristics: 2003
After taxes
Definition 14
Definition 11 Definition 13 plus
plus plus other net imputed
means-tested Definition 12 means-tested return
government plus government on equity
cash transfers Medicaid noncash transfers in own home
Mean deficit Mean deficit Mean deficit Mean deficit
Def 12 Def 13 Def 14 Def 15
Value Std error Value Std error Value Std error Value Std error
Health Insurance Coverage
One or more members covered by:
Employer-provided plan 7048 165 7234 168 6771 171 6626 172
Medicare 6113 157 6187 159 5618 156 5611 175
Medicaid 7771 99 8222 105 6366 98 6309 98
No members covered by:
Employer-provided plan or Medicare
or Medicaid 8137 170 8137 170 7882 169 7488 171
Health insurance 8196 195 8196 195 7872 192 7508 191
Family received:
Medicare and Medicaid 6134 238 6298 245 5331 238 5475 256
Table 5. Mean Income Deficit of Families in Poverty, by Definition of Income and Selected Characteristics: 2003
Money
Definition 14 Income
less after taxes Money
medical not including Income
programs EITC after taxes
Mean deficit Mean deficit Mean deficit
Def 16 Def 17 Def 18
Value Std error Value Std error Value Std error
All families 6574 75 7543 67 7519 74
Race and Hispanic Origin of Householder
White alone or in combination 6510 89 7185 79 7139 87
White alone 6506 89 7177 80 7131 88
White alone, not Hispanic 6560 107 7042 96 7110 105
Black alone or in combination 6409 148 8302 137 8287 149
Black alone 6419 149 8336 138 8293 150
Asian alone or in combination 8466 403 8345 349 8615 389
Asian alone 8438 407 8307 350 8556 390
Hispanic (of any race) 6434 155 7491 136 7253 154
Age of Householder
15 to 24 years 6667 168 8175 162 8061 163
25 to 44 years 6926 115 7991 97 7993 113
45 to 54 years 6540 212 7219 181 7418 204
55 to 64 years 6463 201 6811 195 6905 201
65 years and over 5125 185 5255 175 5226 175
Type of Family
Married-couple families 6597 121 7092 105 6837 116
With related children under 18 6984 189 7625 145 7319 173
With related children under 6 6923 242 7761 189 7410 222
Male householder, no wife present 7072 250 7298 222 7336 247
Female householder, no husband present 6467 102 7966 94 8109 103
With related children under 18 6744 111 8288 101 8504 112
With related children under 6 7284 155 9237 144 9370 155
Table 5. Mean Income Deficit of Families in Poverty, by Definition of Income and Selected Characteristics: 2003
Money
Definition 14 Income
less after taxes Money
medical not including Income
programs EITC after taxes
Mean deficit Mean deficit Mean deficit
Def 16 Def 17 Def 18
Value Std error Value Std error Value Std error
Type of Residence
Inside metropolitan areas 6656 85 7668 77 7663 84
Inside central cities 6499 124 7812 112 7769 124
Outside central cities 6804 117 7526 104 7556 114
Outside metropolitan areas 6270 189 7092 170 6996 187
Region
Northeast 6305 181 7378 159 7533 177
Midwest 6654 175 7637 162 7661 179
South 6446 114 7496 105 7432 115
West 6940 171 7670 145 7559 160
Educational Attainment
Less than 12th grade, no diploma 6389 124 7580 117 7468 127
High school graduate, no college 6385 124 7526 110 7498 123
College: Less than bachelor's degree 6710 171 7366 143 7379 160
Bachelor's degree or more 7719 247 7943 232 8204 246
Work Experience in 2003
Total, 15 to 64 years 6758 80 7777 71 7791 79
Worked at full-time jobs 5409 142 6175 105 5913 128
50 to 52 weeks 5265 220 5502 136 5147 177
Worked at part-time jobs 5807 161 7389 150 7061 164
Did not work 7775 113 9286 111 9253 114
Table 5. Mean Income Deficit of Families in Poverty, by Definition of Income and Selected Characteristics: 2003
Money
Definition 14 Income
less after taxes Money
medical not including Income
programs EITC after taxes
Mean deficit Mean deficit Mean deficit
Def 16 Def 17 Def 18
Value Std error Value Std error Value Std error
Year-Round Full-Time Workers
No workers 6909 82 8302 79 8221 84
Householder 15 to 64 years 7196 89 8740 85 8683 90
Householder 65 years and over 4992 185 5056 175 5066 175
One worker 4967 167 5475 115 4976 139
Two workers or more 7364 785 7232 537 7407 679
Program Participation Status of
Family Members
One or more members received:
Cash assistance 5304 125 7785 135 7796 140
Public assistance or wefare non-SSI 5629 149 8710 161 8710 167
SSI 4486 193 5983 188 5971 194
Food stamps 5607 104 8281 108 8097 116
Housing assistance 4601 137 8387 155 8329 166
Energy assistance 5272 206 7402 205 7200 221
Free or reduced-price school lunches 6603 127 8328 110 8186 127
Family received both food stamps and
cash assistance 4952 133 8072 152 8025 158
Table 5. Mean Income Deficit of Families in Poverty, by Definition of Income and Selected Characteristics: 2003
Money
Definition 14 Income
less after taxes Money
medical not including Income
programs EITC after taxes
Mean deficit Mean deficit Mean deficit
Def 16 Def 17 Def 18
Value Std error Value Std error Value Std error
Health Insurance Coverage
One or more members covered by:
Employer-provided plan 6601 168 6577 127 6730 146
Medicare 5401 151 5868 146 5819 149
Medicaid 6027 94 7776 88 7633 97
No members covered by:
Employer-provided plan or Medicare
or Medicaid 7882 169 8041 153 8147 170
Health insurance 7872 192 8105 174 8205 195
Family received:
Medicare and Medicaid 5087 228 5903 219 5821 224
Table 5. Mean Income Deficit of Families in Poverty, by Definition of Income and Selected Characteristics: 2003
Defin 1 Defin 2 Defin 3 Defin 4 Defin 5 Defin 6 Defin 7 Defin 8
All families 7607 14031 13760 13354 14031 14052 12972 12966
Race and Hispanic Origin of Householder
White alone or in combination 5171 10658 10413 10096 10646 10669 9846 9838
White alone 5058 10494 10251 9937 10479 10502 9695 9684
White alone, not Hispanic 3270 8219 7998 7803 8153 8168 7702 7699
Black alone or in combination 2021 2757 2741 2673 2766 2767 2570 2574
Black alone 1986 2705 2691 2626 2716 2717 2527 2532
Asian alone or in combination 320 485 473 453 481 479 428 426
Asian alone 311 468 456 436 463 460 411 409
Hispanic (of any race) 1925 2446 2423 2302 2500 2508 2154 2146
Age of Householder
15 to 24 years 1090 1188 1185 1147 1237 1237 1206 1208
25 to 44 years 3985 4647 4606 4402 4782 4780 3971 3954
45 to 54 years 1025 1528 1510 1429 1528 1530 1355 1351
55 to 64 years 763 1661 1625 1581 1646 1652 1597 1602
65 years and over 745 5007 4834 4794 4837 4854 4841 4851
Type of Family
Married-couple families 3115 7956 7711 7505 7859 7878 7380 7379
With related children under 18 1885 2338 2304 2143 2413 2420 1943 1932
With related children under 6 1090 1237 1215 1134 1307 1311 1057 1054
Male householder, no wife present 636 1019 1005 969 1045 1044 948 953
Female householder, no husband present 3856 5055 5044 4880 5127 5130 4643 4634
With related children under 18 3416 3996 3985 3850 4058 4047 3580 3567
With related children under 6 1839 2025 2024 1962 2043 2041 1873 1867
Table 5. Mean Income Deficit of Families in Poverty, by Definition of Income and Selected Characteristics: 2003
Defin 1 Defin 2 Defin 3 Defin 4 Defin 5 Defin 6 Defin 7 Defin 8
Type of Residence
Inside metropolitan areas 5971 10572 10364 10052 10557 10580 9746 9739
Inside central cities 2992 4604 4548 4403 4634 4647 4246 4236
Outside central cities 2978 5968 5816 5649 5923 5933 5500 5503
Outside metropolitan areas 1636 3459 3396 3301 3474 3472 3225 3227
Region
Northeast 1218 2398 2368 2311 2403 2403 2240 2209
Midwest 1403 2806 2728 2607 2722 2728 2534 2533
South 3263 5819 5699 5575 5853 5864 5410 5428
West 1723 3008 2965 2861 3053 3057 2787 2796
Educational Attainment
Less than 12th grade, no diploma 2693 4691 4633 4513 4757 4767 4402 4403
High school graduate, no college 2641 5003 4889 4730 4970 4985 4588 4585
College: Less than bachelor's degree 1661 2955 2910 2813 2966 2964 2712 2715
Bachelor's degree or more 612 1382 1328 1297 1338 1336 1269 1264
Work Experience in 2003
Total, 15 to 64 years 6862 9024 8925 8559 9193 9199 8130 8115
Worked at full-time jobs 2426 2888 2868 2612 3013 3002 2270 2256
50 to 52 weeks 1339 1508 1495 1324 1630 1617 1107 1103
Worked at part-time jobs 1224 1498 1492 1450 1578 1579 1384 1378
Did not work 3212 4639 4565 4497 4602 4617 4476 4482
Table 5. Mean Income Deficit of Families in Poverty, by Definition of Income and Selected Characteristics: 2003
Defin 1 Defin 2 Defin 3 Defin 4 Defin 5 Defin 6 Defin 7 Defin 8
Year-Round Full-Time Workers
No workers 5720 11716 11476 11317 11537 11562 11162 11148
Householder 15 to 64 years 5030 6874 6799 6669 6865 6876 6482 6465
Householder 65 years and over 690 4842 4677 4648 4671 4685 4679 4683
One worker 1744 2147 2115 1883 2311 2308 1657 1667
Two workers or more 142 169 169 154 184 183 153 151
Program Participation Status of
Family Members
One or more members received:
Cash assistance 1719 2693 2665 2638 2682 2693 2598 2602
Public assistance or wefare non-SSI 1142 1409 1406 1392 1414 1419 1365 1364
SSI 733 1560 1534 1520 1542 1550 1505 1511
Food stamps 2983 3656 3628 3568 3689 3690 3443 3443
Housing assistance 1465 1783 1781 1753 1809 1808 1692 1687
Energy assistance 805 1142 1127 1099 1134 1137 1076 1064
Free or reduced-price school lunches 3203 3860 3827 3690 3943 3936 3363 3357
Family received both food stamps and
cash assistance 1362 1775 1766 1752 1775 1782 1728 1730
Table 5. Mean Income Deficit of Families in Poverty, by Definition of Income and Selected Characteristics: 2003
Defin 1 Defin 2 Defin 3 Defin 4 Defin 5 Defin 6 Defin 7 Defin 8
Health Insurance Coverage
One or more members covered by:
Employer-provided plan 1763 3700 3622 3216 3419 3436 3055 3052
Medicare 1368 6707 6496 6427 6528 6555 6476 6494
Medicaid 4416 6158 6087 5935 6260 6268 5687 5686
No members covered by:
Employer-provided plan or Medicare
or Medicaid 1564 1793 1763 1763 1946 1946 1690 1684
Health insurance 1240 1373 1354 1354 1494 1497 1287 1279
Family received:
Medicare and Medicaid 655 1750 1706 1681 1714 1731 1687 1697
Table 5. Mean Income Deficit of Families in Poverty, by Definition of Income and Selected Characteristics: 2003
Defin 9 Defin 10 Defin 11 Defin 12 Defin 13 Defin 14 Defin 15 Defin 16
All families 7331 7153 7148 6641 6283 5704 5327 5962
Race and Hispanic Origin of Householder
White alone or in combination 4926 4810 4809 4475 4212 3903 3607 4084
White alone 4807 4697 4695 4372 4112 3813 3520 3993
White alone, not Hispanic 3204 3129 3127 2881 2751 2573 2326 2670
Black alone or in combination 1987 1947 1945 1803 1727 1484 1417 1551
Black alone 1955 1916 1914 1777 1701 1459 1393 1527
Asian alone or in combination 319 299 297 269 259 249 238 254
Asian alone 309 291 289 262 253 243 232 247
Hispanic (of any race) 1745 1708 1708 1620 1487 1348 1299 1431
Age of Householder
15 to 24 years 1117 1114 1114 1095 1007 897 887 981
25 to 44 years 3492 3464 3459 3273 3079 2712 2663 2810
45 to 54 years 996 972 972 865 819 772 715 800
55 to 64 years 836 797 797 722 701 676 583 700
65 years and over 891 805 805 686 676 647 479 672
Type of Family
Married-couple families 2970 2869 2867 2653 2471 2335 2108 2492
With related children under 18 1590 1569 1567 1466 1301 1194 1161 1308
With related children under 6 919 907 907 862 741 670 672 759
Male householder, no wife present 626 608 608 571 554 513 489 521
Female householder, no husband present 3735 3676 3672 3417 3258 2856 2730 2949
With related children under 18 3187 3156 3153 2981 2833 2463 2391 2551
With related children under 6 1756 1742 1739 1672 1564 1362 1347 1438
Table 5. Mean Income Deficit of Families in Poverty, by Definition of Income and Selected Characteristics: 2003
Defin 9 Defin 10 Defin 11 Defin 12 Defin 13 Defin 14 Defin 15 Defin 16
Type of Residence
Inside metropolitan areas 5746 5607 5603 5214 4929 4502 4229 4697
Inside central cities 2923 2839 2836 2603 2431 2184 2094 2274
Outside central cities 2823 2767 2767 2611 2498 2317 2136 2423
Outside metropolitan areas 1585 1547 1545 1427 1354 1203 1098 1266
Region
Northeast 1182 1145 1144 1036 985 860 807 906
Midwest 1315 1272 1270 1185 1121 1028 989 1070
South 3113 3053 3051 2892 2758 2529 2349 2634
West 1721 1684 1684 1527 1419 1287 1183 1353
Educational Attainment
Less than 12th grade, no diploma 2699 2593 2593 2358 2220 2017 1882 2124
High school graduate, no college 2509 2462 2456 2295 2184 1968 1845 2063
College: Less than bachelor's degree 1524 1512 1512 1434 1340 1192 1139 1236
Bachelor's degree or more 599 587 587 554 539 527 461 539
Work Experience in 2003
Total, 15 to 64 years 6440 6348 6343 5955 5607 5057 4848 5291
Worked at full-time jobs 1940 1928 1924 1839 1658 1417 1355 1521
50 to 52 weeks 985 979 975 948 833 707 673 763
Worked at part-time jobs 1138 1128 1127 1062 1011 881 846 906
Did not work 3363 3292 3292 3054 2938 2759 2647 2864
Table 5. Mean Income Deficit of Families in Poverty, by Definition of Income and Selected Characteristics: 2003
Defin 9 Defin 10 Defin 11 Defin 12 Defin 13 Defin 14 Defin 15 Defin 16
Year-Round Full-Time Workers
No workers 5849 5698 5696 5248 5054 4630 4309 4801
Householder 15 to 64 years 5012 4940 4939 4609 4424 4028 3867 4175
Householder 65 years and over 837 757 757 640 629 602 442 626
One worker 1352 1333 1331 1275 1123 972 921 1053
Two workers or more 130 123 121 118 106 102 97 108
Program Participation Status of
Family Members
One or more members received:
Cash assistance 2175 2072 2071 1573 1453 1205 1168 1290
Public assistance or wefare non-SSI 1266 1244 1244 1057 982 793 775 851
SSI 1159 1066 1065 666 600 499 474 537
Food stamps 3015 2953 2953 2675 2431 1953 1881 2078
Housing assistance 1498 1465 1465 1324 1194 867 867 935
Energy assistance 815 794 794 693 620 528 497 570
Free or reduced-price school lunches 2902 2869 2869 2664 2472 2116 2031 2198
Family received both food stamps and
cash assistance 1574 1530 1530 1254 1151 918 894 985
Table 5. Mean Income Deficit of Families in Poverty, by Definition of Income and Selected Characteristics: 2003
Defin 9 Defin 10 Defin 11 Defin 12 Defin 13 Defin 14 Defin 15 Defin 16
Health Insurance Coverage
One or more members covered by:
Employer-provided plan 1341 1310 1304 1254 1206 1114 1026 1150
Medicare 1620 1443 1442 1226 1201 1124 909 1189
Medicaid 4502 4384 4383 3892 3533 3052 2935 3279
No members covered by:
Employer-provided plan or Medicare
or Medicaid 1472 1472 1472 1463 1463 1408 1341 1408
Health insurance 1153 1153 1153 1150 1150 1105 1074 1105
Family received:
Medicare and Medicaid 903 785 785 575 550 487 424 521
Table 5. Mean Income Deficit of Families in Poverty, by Definition of Income and Selected Characteristics: 2003
Defin 17 Defin 18
All families 8160 7035
Race and Hispanic Origin of Householder
White alone or in combination 5604 4761
White alone 5480 4654
White alone, not Hispanic 3518 3049
Black alone or in combination 2118 1889
Black alone 2078 1861
Asian alone or in combination 339 288
Asian alone 330 280
Hispanic (of any race) 2110 1739
Age of Householder
15 to 24 years 1170 1149
25 to 44 years 4332 3471
45 to 54 years 1097 910
55 to 64 years 806 757
65 years and over 757 747
Type of Family
Married-couple families 3421 2898
With related children under 18 2144 1642
With related children under 6 1257 962
Male householder, no wife present 686 603
Female householder, no husband present 4053 3534
With related children under 18 3598 3089
With related children under 6 1928 1719
Table 5. Mean Income Deficit of Families in Poverty, by Definition of Income and Selected Characteristics: 2003
Defin 17 Defin 18
Type of Residence
Inside metropolitan areas 6393 5517
Inside central cities 3168 2754
Outside central cities 3226 2763
Outside metropolitan areas 1767 1518
Region
Northeast 1285 1093
Midwest 1489 1288
South 3507 3040
West 1880 1615
Educational Attainment
Less than 12th grade, no diploma 2906 2519
High school graduate, no college 2831 2429
College: Less than bachelor's degree 1778 1518
Bachelor's degree or more 646 570
Work Experience in 2003
Total, 15 to 64 years 7404 6288
Worked at full-time jobs 2793 2033
50 to 52 weeks 1621 1095
Worked at part-time jobs 1308 1096
Did not work 3302 3159
Table 5. Mean Income Deficit of Families in Poverty, by Definition of Income and Selected Characteristics: 2003
Defin 17 Defin 18
Year-Round Full-Time Workers
No workers 5862 5414
Householder 15 to 64 years 5165 4723
Householder 65 years and over 697 691
One worker 2125 1490
Two workers or more 173 131
Program Participation Status of
Family Members
One or more members received:
Cash assistance 1738 1623
Public assistance or wefare non-SSI 1156 1078
SSI 737 700
Food stamps 3092 2776
Housing assistance 1516 1370
Energy assistance 825 746
Free or reduced-price school lunches 3429 2834
Family received both food stamps and
cash assistance 1373 1293
Table 5. Mean Income Deficit of Families in Poverty, by Definition of Income and Selected Characteristics: 2003
Defin 17 Defin 18
Health Insurance Coverage
One or more members covered by:
Employer-provided plan 1985 1567
Medicare 1395 1336
Medicaid 4678 4063
No members covered by:
Employer-provided plan or Medicare
or Medicaid 1705 1463
Health insurance 1350 1150
Family received:
Medicare and Medicaid 673 634
Table 5. Mean Income Deficit of Families in Poverty, by Definition of Income and Selected Characteristics: 2003
Definition 1 Definition 2 Definition 3 Definit
Mean agg Stderr agg Mean agg Stderr agg Mean agg Stderr agg Mean agg
All families 58021141 6.71028E11 1.289E8 1.59383E12 1.2703E8 1.5756E12 1.2399E8
Race and Hispanic Origin of Householder
White alone or in combination 37619005 4.19288E11 93295661 1.0981E12 91766855 1.08528E12 89570726
White alone 36719334 4.08725E11 91765210 1.07835E12 90263825 1.06595E12 88109206
White alone, not Hispanic 23325424 2.51918E11 70641057 7.93593E11 69333499 7.83006E11 67896913
Black alone or in combination 16881491 2.07296E11 29472224 4.14555E11 29200451 4.09585E11 28495444
Black alone 16622499 2.04144E11 29048627 4.08817E11 28806013 4.04311E11 28113814
Asian alone or in combination 2707408 3.39212E10 4676019 6.07802E10 4574223 5.97315E10 4452014
Asian alone 2618337 3.256E10 4540795 5.87729E10 4439211 5.77299E10 4322441
Hispanic (of any race) 14607899 1.71933E11 22959981 3.1139E11 22751105 3.09307E11 21997424
Age of Householder
15 to 24 years 9046958 1.01911E11 11306695 1.40421E11 11290595 1.40408E11 10930051
25 to 44 years 32394833 3.96168E11 45204417 6.325E11 44941336 6.29644E11 43336944
45 to 54 years 7373956 8.34575E10 14213547 1.84576E11 14134100 1.84442E11 13644442
55 to 64 years 5348504 5.58196E10 15834287 1.95845E11 15450618 1.9129E11 15191331
65 years and over 3856889 3.36716E10 42340362 4.40484E11 41218219 4.29814E11 40882675
Type of Family
Married-couple families 22292421 2.55343E11 68931848 7.93467E11 67387067 7.80187E11 65596234
With related children under 18 14659059 1.83823E11 21779266 3.11322E11 21617434 3.1004E11 20258791
With related children under 6 8721843 1.09873E11 11439013 1.61726E11 11343118 1.61419E11 10564898
Male householder, no wife present 4727197 5.33087E10 9114655 1.12406E11 8984848 1.10863E11 8806216
Female householder, no husband present 31001523 3.62376E11 50852805 6.87953E11 50662952 6.8455E11 49582992
With related children under 18 28639723 3.421E11 41855655 5.92296E11 41753048 5.90366E11 40832637
With related children under 6 17166727 2.19642E11 22964064 3.44323E11 22981689 3.44664E11 22529621
Table 5. Mean Income Deficit of Families in Poverty, by Definition of Income and Selected Characteristics: 2003
Definition 1 Definition 2 Definition 3 Definit
Mean agg Stderr agg Mean agg Stderr agg Mean agg Stderr agg Mean agg
Type of Residence
Inside metropolitan areas 46465108 5.43637E11 98561940 1.24121E12 97112388 1.22627E12 94664932
Inside central cities 23662580 2.85698E11 45183768 6.00504E11 44596915 5.92716E11 43481691
Outside central cities 22802528 2.57938E11 53378172 6.40703E11 52515472 6.33557E11 51183241
Outside metropolitan areas 11556033 1.27391E11 30337368 3.52619E11 29922480 3.49326E11 29320509
Region
Northeast 9100328 1.05643E11 22603964 2.85125E11 22413192 2.83893E11 21943926
Midwest 10757057 1.25943E11 24523862 2.9742E11 24004790 2.929E11 23213873
South 24577993 2.81633E11 53334327 6.47894E11 52540626 6.39608E11 51485242
West 13585762 1.57809E11 28437154 3.63386E11 28076259 3.59198E11 27342401
Educational Attainment
Less than 12th grade, no diploma 20625985 2.45879E11 46152420 6.03402E11 45665812 5.97765E11 44835216
High school graduate, no college 20129968 2.26937E11 44587654 5.35729E11 43852580 5.29322E11 42776669
College: Less than bachelor's degree 12329969 1.41622E11 26559153 3.25867E11 26291765 3.23262E11 25529460
Bachelor's degree or more 4935218 5.659E10 11600081 1.28828E11 11224710 1.2525E11 10844098
Work Experience in 2003
Total, 15 to 64 years 54164251 6.37356E11 86558947 1.15334E12 85816648 1.14578E12 83102767
Worked at full-time jobs 15053273 1.55466E11 19265647 2.09975E11 19214468 2.10246E11 17572918
50 to 52 weeks 7425334 7.53445E10 8487591 8.71539E10 8412388 8.62479E10 7410614
Worked at part-time jobs 9061116 9.59439E10 12365839 1.43004E11 12391108 1.43668E11 11906118
Did not work 30049862 3.85947E11 54927460 8.00362E11 54211072 7.9187E11 53623732
Table 5. Mean Income Deficit of Families in Poverty, by Definition of Income and Selected Characteristics: 2003
Definition 1 Definition 2 Definition 3 Definit
Mean agg Stderr agg Mean agg Stderr agg Mean agg Stderr agg Mean agg
Year-Round Full-Time Workers
No workers 47317865 5.62551E11 1.155E8 1.4583E12 1.1378E8 1.44125E12 1.1234E8
Householder 15 to 64 years 43862567 5.33611E11 74265080 1.02897E12 73644269 1.02286E12 72423301
Householder 65 years and over 3455298 2.89392E10 41238046 4.29331E11 40135734 4.18389E11 39916415
One worker 9646198 9.42578E10 12134397 1.18894E11 12000492 1.18074E11 10530690
Two workers or more 1057078 1.42196E10 1261785 1.6627E10 1254373 1.62749E10 1115036
Program Participation Status of
Family Members
One or more members received:
Cash assistance 13210354 1.46016E11 32995783 4.94907E11 32674481 4.90367E11 32391010
Public assistance or wefare non-SSI 9849857 1.12762E11 18438077 2.92491E11 18402302 2.9218E11 18283675
SSI 4302723 4.07215E10 18629566 2.72428E11 18316571 2.67683E11 18150709
Food stamps 24517701 2.89001E11 41235776 5.94849E11 41008862 5.9186E11 40414985
Housing assistance 12282091 1.46389E11 20502552 2.95732E11 20461712 2.9521E11 20194212
Energy assistance 5893703 6.60732E10 12462770 1.74308E11 12305038 1.72415E11 12112311
Free or reduced-price school lunches 26819079 3.34189E11 40832595 6.0711E11 40615559 6.03468E11 39337541
Family received both food stamps and
cash assistance 10842948 1.21847E11 23007941 3.57732E11 22863542 3.554E11 22745712
Table 5. Mean Income Deficit of Families in Poverty, by Definition of Income and Selected Characteristics: 2003
Definition 1 Definition 2 Definition 3 Definit
Mean agg Stderr agg Mean agg Stderr agg Mean agg Stderr agg Mean agg
Health Insurance Coverage
One or more members covered by:
Employer-provided plan 11868698 1.26009E11 27267415 2.89179E11 26909541 2.86836E11 23860115
Medicare 7886588 7.82669E10 60084236 6.8023E11 58621463 6.65487E11 58063080
Medicaid 34379801 3.99652E11 63828513 8.83524E11 63304728 8.76893E11 62173656
No members covered by:
Employer-provided plan or Medicare
or Medicaid 12923770 1.57684E11 15544693 1.92383E11 15325122 1.90748E11 15325122
Health insurance 10288152 1.26959E11 11848303 1.48426E11 11704052 1.47369E11 11704052
Family received:
Medicare and Medicaid 3823498 3.92946E10 18952228 2.57604E11 18536765 2.51876E11 18348902
Table 5. Mean Income Deficit of Families in Poverty, by Definition of Income and Selected Characteristics: 2003
Definition 4 Definition 5 Definition 6 Definition 7
Stderr agg Mean agg Stderr agg Mean agg Stderr agg Mean agg Stderr agg
All families 1.54415E12 1.286E8 1.59225E12 1.2875E8 1.59377E12 1.189E8 1.48089E12
Race and Hispanic Origin of Householder
White alone or in combination 1.06352E12 93034112 1.09858E12 93139469 1.09954E12 86057138 1.01953E12
White alone 1.04457E12 91504916 1.07893E12 91606580 1.07988E12 84682460 1.0017E12
White alone, not Hispanic 7.68235E11 69920450 7.87737E11 69987448 7.88249E11 66200697 7.47279E11
Black alone or in combination 4.01509E11 29391856 4.11665E11 29425061 4.11997E11 27206831 3.85377E11
Black alone 3.96357E11 28984393 4.06284E11 29017237 4.06615E11 26852485 3.80602E11
Asian alone or in combination 5.84647E10 4648880 6.04708E10 4658645 6.06138E10 4226776 5.62274E10
Asian alone 5.65625E10 4508112 5.84885E10 4514785 5.86209E10 4105491 5.4393E10
Hispanic (of any race) 3.02268E11 23445464 3.18046E11 23480667 3.18494E11 20169132 2.78834E11
Age of Householder
15 to 24 years 1.36799E11 11444149 1.42158E11 11453568 1.42325E11 11137886 1.38312E11
25 to 44 years 6.11902E11 45990060 6.40491E11 46019751 6.40878E11 38558740 5.55607E11
45 to 54 years 1.79764E11 14343225 1.86793E11 14371833 1.86999E11 12908338 1.71016E11
55 to 64 years 1.89029E11 15561596 1.92498E11 15584944 1.92719E11 15165789 1.87684E11
65 years and over 4.26656E11 41262408 4.3031E11 41321433 4.30853E11 41129714 4.28274E11
Type of Family
Married-couple families 7.59912E11 68167372 7.87041E11 68200105 7.87526E11 63131958 7.25847E11
With related children under 18 2.93975E11 22260355 3.16567E11 22252923 3.16709E11 17390752 2.56959E11
With related children under 6 1.51381E11 11744518 1.65374E11 11732362 1.65362E11 8940250 1.28632E11
Male householder, no wife present 1.09647E11 9188193 1.12916E11 9212360 1.13012E11 8565351 1.06896E11
Female householder, no husband present 6.7459E11 51245873 6.92292E11 51339064 6.93237E11 47203158 6.48149E11
With related children under 18 5.81414E11 42288721 5.97553E11 42336515 5.98225E11 38321357 5.54133E11
With related children under 6 3.40218E11 23263107 3.49506E11 23286243 3.49877E11 21400294 3.26451E11
Table 5. Mean Income Deficit of Families in Poverty, by Definition of Income and Selected Characteristics: 2003
Definition 4 Definition 5 Definition 6 Definition 7
Stderr agg Mean agg Stderr agg Mean agg Stderr agg Mean agg Stderr agg
Type of Residence
Inside metropolitan areas 1.20079E12 98177830 1.23769E12 98296422 1.23894E12 90668028 1.15088E12
Inside central cities 5.81255E11 45134094 5.98548E11 45200664 5.99228E11 41448709 5.56334E11
Outside central cities 6.19537E11 53043736 6.39145E11 53095757 6.3971E11 49219319 5.94546E11
Outside metropolitan areas 3.43358E11 30423608 3.54557E11 30455107 3.54835E11 28232439 3.30012E11
Region
Northeast 2.78573E11 22605756 2.85399E11 22632532 2.85671E11 21063711 2.67817E11
Midwest 2.84925E11 24034803 2.93398E11 24058660 2.93667E11 22371302 2.74477E11
South 6.28588E11 53448950 6.48945E11 53519413 6.49535E11 49382662 6.0333E11
West 3.52064E11 28511929 3.64507E11 28540924 3.64901E11 26082792 3.35268E11
Educational Attainment
Less than 12th grade, no diploma 5.89662E11 46564523 6.08462E11 46636271 6.09268E11 43057307 5.64566E11
High school graduate, no college 5.19125E11 44386110 5.35697E11 44428341 5.36152E11 40948382 4.9816E11
College: Less than bachelor's degree 3.14857E11 26493585 3.24778E11 26516542 3.24938E11 24283806 3.00142E11
Bachelor's degree or more 1.20505E11 11157219 1.23311E11 11170375 1.23416E11 10610972 1.18024E11
Work Experience in 2003
Total, 15 to 64 years 1.11749E12 87339030 1.16194E12 87430096 1.16292E12 77770753 1.05262E12
Worked at full-time jobs 1.94131E11 20032375 2.17798E11 20016853 2.17785E11 14404445 1.59096E11
50 to 52 weeks 7.65575E10 8988223 9.00587E10 8989708 9.01012E10 5745859 6.08374E10
Worked at part-time jobs 1.37806E11 12762519 1.47727E11 12777709 1.47875E11 10482497 1.18743E11
Did not work 7.85557E11 54544136 7.96414E11 54635534 7.9726E11 52883810 7.74779E11
Table 5. Mean Income Deficit of Families in Poverty, by Definition of Income and Selected Characteristics: 2003
Definition 4 Definition 5 Definition 6 Definition 7
Stderr agg Mean agg Stderr agg Mean agg Stderr agg Mean agg Stderr agg
Year-Round Full-Time Workers
No workers 1.42554E12 1.1454E8 1.45209E12 1.1461E8 1.45278E12 1.0939E8 1.38436E12
Householder 15 to 64 years 1.00915E12 74374929 1.03332E12 74402401 1.03365E12 69266526 9.66489E11
Householder 65 years and over 4.16392E11 40169277 4.18764E11 40210421 4.1913E11 40120317 4.17873E11
One worker 1.04115E11 12724948 1.23521E11 12795481 1.24295E11 8460132 8.24471E10
Two workers or more 1.44977E10 1332283 1.66403E10 1343226 1.66976E10 1053492 1.40838E10
Program Participation Status of
Family Members
One or more members received:
Cash assistance 4.87059E11 33013742 4.95688E11 33063626 4.96267E11 31586027 4.74245E11
Public assistance or wefare non-SSI 2.90746E11 18642799 2.96075E11 18651820 2.96214E11 17689554 2.81271E11
SSI 2.658E11 18451962 2.69713E11 18494088 2.70173E11 17888275 2.61242E11
Food stamps 5.84938E11 41769522 6.02856E11 41795421 6.0329E11 38143207 5.53479E11
Housing assistance 2.92455E11 20728385 2.9942E11 20734544 2.99509E11 19256204 2.79629E11
Energy assistance 1.70419E11 12455104 1.74856E11 12465293 1.7492E11 11498712 1.62229E11
Free or reduced-price school lunches 5.89582E11 41478509 6.15088E11 41492833 6.15523E11 35432576 5.41056E11
Family received both food stamps and
cash assistance 3.53956E11 23152065 3.60145E11 23178120 3.60457E11 22122456 3.43536E11
Table 5. Mean Income Deficit of Families in Poverty, by Definition of Income and Selected Characteristics: 2003
Definition 4 Definition 5 Definition 6 Definition 7
Stderr agg Mean agg Stderr agg Mean agg Stderr agg Mean agg Stderr agg
Health Insurance Coverage
One or more members covered by:
Employer-provided plan 2.55387E11 24950190 2.64668E11 24999246 2.64945E11 22647568 2.43815E11
Medicare 6.60084E11 58872767 6.68745E11 58976979 6.69691E11 57991089 6.56111E11
Medicaid 8.64819E11 64791008 8.95485E11 64847101 8.96322E11 58374660 8.16188E11
No members covered by:
Employer-provided plan or Medicare
or Medicaid 1.90748E11 16400340 2.005E11 16433757 2.00851E11 14434522 1.80504E11
Health insurance 1.47369E11 12563512 1.55175E11 12592209 1.5547E11 10920013 1.384E11
Family received:
Medicare and Medicaid 2.50078E11 18709098 2.54735E11 18756235 2.55286E11 18113565 2.45704E11
Table 5. Mean Income Deficit of Families in Poverty, by Definition of Income and Selected Characteristics: 2003
Definition 8 Definition 9 Definition 10 Definit
Mean agg Stderr agg Mean agg Stderr agg Mean agg Stderr agg Mean agg
All families 1.188E8 1.47924E12 62361394 8.03198E11 61502424 7.93751E11 61454766
Race and Hispanic Origin of Householder
White alone or in combination 85998069 1.01846E12 39466904 4.86676E11 38907487 4.80541E11 38872583
White alone 84625261 1.00066E12 38497267 4.74077E11 37958254 4.68319E11 37923981
White alone, not Hispanic 66188519 7.46852E11 25242581 2.95986E11 24853228 2.92014E11 24827064
Black alone or in combination 27178571 3.84912E11 19010160 2.64488E11 18825744 2.62622E11 18814940
Black alone 26825764 3.80164E11 18743342 2.61083E11 18560632 2.59225E11 18549943
Asian alone or in combination 4213932 5.60758E10 2955100 3.9376E10 2845742 3.79644E10 2844620
Asian alone 4093422 5.42584E10 2858871 3.77716E10 2755422 3.63763E10 2754444
Hispanic (of any race) 20117780 2.78158E11 14667256 1.97909E11 14497551 1.956E11 14488561
Age of Householder
15 to 24 years 11147536 1.38238E11 9970013 1.21142E11 9948819 1.20987E11 9947027
25 to 44 years 38442427 5.54056E11 32025683 4.48066E11 31880012 4.46413E11 31846206
45 to 54 years 12888418 1.70838E11 8364276 1.0532E11 8246846 1.03855E11 8238236
55 to 64 years 15179598 1.87761E11 6710831 7.93462E10 6558842 7.76764E10 6556907
65 years and over 41144117 4.28344E11 5290592 4.93235E10 4867905 4.48199E10 4866391
Type of Family
Married-couple families 63110131 7.25398E11 22437790 2.73027E11 21940445 2.6687E11 21921455
With related children under 18 17348695 2.56378E11 12898392 1.77977E11 12742892 1.75849E11 12724192
With related children under 6 8905063 1.28053E11 7351415 1.00297E11 7263615 9.88731E10 7257171
Male householder, no wife present 8571086 1.06839E11 4979092 6.03935E10 4911317 5.99646E10 4905798
Female householder, no husband present 47120878 6.46999E11 34944512 4.69777E11 34650662 4.66917E11 34627513
With related children under 18 38229798 5.52932E11 31607365 4.38654E11 31442250 4.36794E11 31419617
With related children under 6 21344289 3.25669E11 18915626 2.79164E11 18842431 2.78187E11 18832966
Table 5. Mean Income Deficit of Families in Poverty, by Definition of Income and Selected Characteristics: 2003
Definition 8 Definition 9 Definition 10 Definit
Mean agg Stderr agg Mean agg Stderr agg Mean agg Stderr agg Mean agg
Type of Residence
Inside metropolitan areas 90566830 1.14934E12 49987021 6.56082E11 49293292 6.48157E11 49254966
Inside central cities 41370778 5.55152E11 26394074 3.61717E11 25984685 3.5702E11 25970496
Outside central cities 49196053 5.94184E11 23592947 2.94365E11 23308607 2.91137E11 23284470
Outside metropolitan areas 28235265 3.299E11 12374374 1.47116E11 12209132 1.45594E11 12199801
Region
Northeast 20922637 2.66347E11 10701124 1.45985E11 10550151 1.44137E11 10543249
Midwest 22363306 2.74122E11 11370128 1.50903E11 11244150 1.50079E11 11235383
South 49447455 6.03743E11 25197765 3.08826E11 24931380 3.06046E11 24911103
West 26068697 3.35024E11 15092377 1.97485E11 14776743 1.93489E11 14765031
Educational Attainment
Less than 12th grade, no diploma 43043400 5.64148E11 23529351 3.18185E11 23082500 3.13373E11 23069689
High school graduate, no college 40909984 4.97439E11 21168404 2.69357E11 20944403 2.67338E11 20928239
College: Less than bachelor's degree 24245768 2.99682E11 12697735 1.57393E11 12571764 1.55509E11 12559321
Bachelor's degree or more 10602944 1.17968E11 4965903 5.82623E10 4903757 5.75313E10 4897517
Work Experience in 2003
Total, 15 to 64 years 77657978 1.05089E12 57070803 7.53875E11 56634519 7.48931E11 56588375
Worked at full-time jobs 14340741 1.5824E11 12108376 1.3325E11 12060839 1.32948E11 12043376
50 to 52 weeks 5726353 6.05867E10 5187287 5.60448E10 5169435 5.59677E10 5158855
Worked at part-time jobs 10398269 1.1759E11 8394874 9.32132E10 8371416 9.30879E10 8362703
Did not work 52918968 7.75062E11 36567553 5.27412E11 36202264 5.22896E11 36182296
Table 5. Mean Income Deficit of Families in Poverty, by Definition of Income and Selected Characteristics: 2003
Definition 8 Definition 9 Definition 10 Definit
Mean agg Stderr agg Mean agg Stderr agg Mean agg Stderr agg Mean agg
Year-Round Full-Time Workers
No workers 1.093E8 1.38289E12 54584244 7.22766E11 53801132 7.13895E11 53770074
Householder 15 to 64 years 69163758 9.64947E11 49658431 6.7755E11 49284364 6.73094E11 49254718
Householder 65 years and over 40132013 4.17942E11 4925813 4.52164E10 4516768 4.0801E10 4515355
One worker 8454052 8.22695E10 6893647 6.80544E10 6827195 6.74936E10 6812153
Two workers or more 1052271 1.40785E10 883503 1.23777E10 874097 1.23625E10 872540
Program Participation Status of
Family Members
One or more members received:
Cash assistance 31560139 4.73749E11 23519887 3.40891E11 22808897 3.32156E11 22801933
Public assistance or wefare non-SSI 17662288 2.80807E11 15112018 2.30541E11 14952199 2.28049E11 14947796
SSI 17888266 2.61175E11 11486200 1.58569E11 10820215 1.50368E11 10817133
Food stamps 38065767 5.5236E11 29776912 4.1258E11 29438900 4.08468E11 29430060
Housing assistance 19199630 2.78925E11 15366042 2.1584E11 15086506 2.12651E11 15082533
Energy assistance 11460670 1.61717E11 7751800 1.05532E11 7649218 1.04291E11 7646781
Free or reduced-price school lunches 35330669 5.39702E11 27872991 4.03671E11 27658257 4.00694E11 27655073
Family received both food stamps and
cash assistance 22093429 3.43057E11 17958564 2.6678E11 17670960 2.6296E11 17666559
Table 5. Mean Income Deficit of Families in Poverty, by Definition of Income and Selected Characteristics: 2003
Definition 8 Definition 9 Definition 10 Definit
Mean agg Stderr agg Mean agg Stderr agg Mean agg Stderr agg Mean agg
Health Insurance Coverage
One or more members covered by:
Employer-provided plan 22665452 2.44008E11 9683281 1.09707E11 9612610 1.09242E11 9599684
Medicare 58017453 6.56196E11 11062053 1.23081E11 10203083 1.13634E11 10199262
Medicaid 58256441 8.14539E11 41198231 5.55562E11 40471851 5.46905E11 40449585
No members covered by:
Employer-provided plan or Medicare
or Medicaid 14422176 1.80264E11 12024551 1.48571E11 12024551 1.48571E11 12009401
Health insurance 10905181 1.38207E11 9468233 1.18504E11 9468233 1.18504E11 9457492
Family received:
Medicare and Medicaid 18109907 2.45601E11 6832243 8.153E10 6105862 7.28731E10 6103088
Table 5. Mean Income Deficit of Families in Poverty, by Definition of Income and Selected Characteristics: 2003
Definition 11 Definition 12 Definition 13 Definition 14
Stderr agg Mean agg Stderr agg Mean agg Stderr agg Mean agg Stderr agg
All families 7.93022E11 50973808 5.98042E11 49784060 5.91139E11 38813700 4.16192E11
Race and Hispanic Origin of Householder
White alone or in combination 4.80035E11 32671093 3.69285E11 31962450 3.65849E11 26330401 2.77652E11
White alone 4.67819E11 31890075 3.60193E11 31205138 3.56881E11 25724649 2.70571E11
White alone, not Hispanic 2.91659E11 20871804 2.28909E11 20504187 2.2715E11 17365833 1.79957E11
Black alone or in combination 2.62448E11 15160186 1.88545E11 14743177 1.8551E11 9835757 1.05839E11
Black alone 2.59052E11 14950841 1.86061E11 14539095 1.83051E11 9695414 1.04416E11
Asian alone or in combination 3.79404E10 2394883 3.06356E10 2375154 3.05648E10 2135326 2.65437E10
Asian alone 3.6355E10 2317704 2.94302E10 2298485 2.93618E10 2074275 2.57202E10
Hispanic (of any race) 1.95443E11 12092375 1.4438E11 11744927 1.4264E11 9105208 9.86656E10
Age of Householder
15 to 24 years 1.20957E11 8885614 9.98648E10 8513145 9.7747E10 6422973 6.51707E10
25 to 44 years 4.45886E11 26722884 3.35738E11 26081356 3.31727E11 19309958 2.18711E11
45 to 54 years 1.03732E11 6486192 7.51903E10 6367684 7.46361E10 5188589 5.72824E10
55 to 64 years 7.76399E10 5124487 5.40722E10 5083032 5.39134E10 4496737 4.51378E10
65 years and over 4.48074E10 3754631 3.31765E10 3738843 3.3115E10 3395444 2.98905E10
Type of Family
Married-couple families 2.66608E11 18720083 2.15232E11 18265321 2.12972E11 16216851 1.80773E11
With related children under 18 1.75592E11 11094524 1.43008E11 10677398 1.40861E11 8962238 1.12421E11
With related children under 6 9.87956E10 6530607 8.30966E10 6195450 8.14045E10 5109585 6.31626E10
Male householder, no wife present 5.98849E10 4296931 4.95374E10 4238820 4.92248E10 3667985 3.96979E10
Female householder, no husband present 4.66529E11 27956794 3.33272E11 27279919 3.28942E11 18928864 1.95721E11
With related children under 18 4.36408E11 25657315 3.13698E11 24993655 3.0941E11 17064901 1.80389E11
With related children under 6 2.77994E11 15754082 2.05128E11 15249333 2.01714E11 10345732 1.15882E11
Table 5. Mean Income Deficit of Families in Poverty, by Definition of Income and Selected Characteristics: 2003
Definition 11 Definition 12 Definition 13 Definition 14
Stderr agg Mean agg Stderr agg Mean agg Stderr agg Mean agg Stderr agg
Type of Residence
Inside metropolitan areas 6.47545E11 40706050 4.8345E11 39772866 4.78006E11 30948046 3.36073E11
Inside central cities 3.5677E11 20683046 2.53771E11 20125998 2.50511E11 14612214 1.59961E11
Outside central cities 2.90775E11 20023004 2.2968E11 19646868 2.27495E11 16335832 1.76112E11
Outside metropolitan areas 1.45477E11 10267757 1.14592E11 10011194 1.13132E11 7865655 8.01191E10
Region
Northeast 1.44031E11 7945889 9.44762E10 7726722 9.30298E10 5664574 6.1334E10
Midwest 1.49949E11 9414949 1.13273E11 9221070 1.12101E11 7062383 7.4461E10
South 3.05755E11 21861880 2.53112E11 21462054 2.50974E11 16811603 1.75924E11
West 1.93287E11 11751090 1.37181E11 11374213 1.35033E11 9275140 1.04473E11
Educational Attainment
Less than 12th grade, no diploma 3.13152E11 18223273 2.18871E11 17776384 2.16287E11 13402972 1.42226E11
High school graduate, no college 2.6712E11 17537474 2.02311E11 17145115 1.99912E11 13050937 1.36266E11
College: Less than bachelor's degree 1.55334E11 10746839 1.25524E11 10433691 1.23756E11 8215501 9.13749E10
Bachelor's degree or more 5.74155E10 4466222 5.13359E10 4428870 5.11844E10 4144290 4.63249E10
Work Experience in 2003
Total, 15 to 64 years 7.48214E11 47219177 5.64866E11 46045217 5.58024E11 35418256 3.86302E11
Worked at full-time jobs 1.32763E11 11006171 1.15845E11 10499856 1.13382E11 8075830 8.15783E10
50 to 52 weeks 5.58687E10 4953343 5.26247E10 4720599 5.17689E10 3947424 4.37187E10
Worked at part-time jobs 9.29845E10 7406860 7.7097E10 7194474 7.58144E10 5221071 4.74872E10
Did not work 5.22467E11 28806147 3.71924E11 28350887 3.68827E11 22121355 2.57236E11
Table 5. Mean Income Deficit of Families in Poverty, by Definition of Income and Selected Characteristics: 2003
Definition 11 Definition 12 Definition 13 Definition 14
Stderr agg Mean agg Stderr agg Mean agg Stderr agg Mean agg Stderr agg
Year-Round Full-Time Workers
No workers 7.13324E11 43673668 5.23257E11 42824138 5.17647E11 32921943 3.54032E11
Householder 15 to 64 years 6.72535E11 40269548 4.94098E11 39435011 4.88532E11 29838516 3.27744E11
Householder 65 years and over 4.07889E10 3404120 2.91583E10 3389127 2.9115E10 3083428 2.62888E10
One worker 6.73562E10 6454697 6.27145E10 6142295 6.15432E10 5103659 5.05097E10
Two workers or more 1.23416E10 845443 1.20711E10 817627 1.19488E10 788098 1.16499E10
Program Participation Status of
Family Members
One or more members received:
Cash assistance 3.31999E11 12464898 1.39037E11 11875707 1.34952E11 6713519 5.69267E10
Public assistance or wefare non-SSI 2.2794E11 9292057 1.0711E11 8793755 1.03413E11 4699799 3.96161E10
SSI 1.50306E11 4060007 3.90046E10 3852029 3.78462E10 2348637 1.93015E10
Food stamps 4.08298E11 21980682 2.60976E11 20979488 2.54645E11 11454961 1.02087E11
Housing assistance 2.12563E11 11176532 1.34844E11 10502574 1.30103E11 4187729 3.26537E10
Energy assistance 1.04241E11 5220125 5.95867E10 4942579 5.79255E10 2933029 2.67797E10
Free or reduced-price school lunches 4.00638E11 22394029 2.86498E11 21747690 2.82687E11 14387550 1.5854E11
Family received both food stamps and
cash assistance 2.62842E11 10244176 1.15957E11 9677505 1.11979E11 4775915 3.76972E10
Table 5. Mean Income Deficit of Families in Poverty, by Definition of Income and Selected Characteristics: 2003
Definition 11 Definition 12 Definition 13 Definition 14
Stderr agg Mean agg Stderr agg Mean agg Stderr agg Mean agg Stderr agg
Health Insurance Coverage
One or more members covered by:
Employer-provided plan 1.09041E11 8841409 9.68704E10 8726165 9.62918E10 7541649 8.0138E10
Medicare 1.13584E11 7491212 7.55269E10 7428932 7.52149E10 6315631 6.03596E10
Medicaid 5.46567E11 30241678 3.55565E11 29051930 3.48661E11 19428777 1.95112E11
No members covered by:
Employer-provided plan or Medicare
or Medicaid 1.48349E11 11903487 1.46874E11 11903487 1.46874E11 11099789 1.32833E11
Health insurance 1.18343E11 9423866 1.17792E11 9423866 1.17792E11 8700909 1.04773E11
Family received:
Medicare and Medicaid 7.28336E10 3524639 3.67232E10 3462360 3.64112E10 2596612 2.46256E10
Table 5. Mean Income Deficit of Families in Poverty, by Definition of Income and Selected Characteristics: 2003
Definition 15 Definition 16 Definition 17 Definit
Mean agg Stderr agg Mean agg Stderr agg Mean agg Stderr agg Mean agg
All families 35571609 3.74204E11 39198586 4.17265E11 61555768 7.05872E11 52894332
Race and Hispanic Origin of Householder
White alone or in combination 23998137 2.48075E11 26589785 2.78424E11 40264160 4.46101E11 33990532
White alone 23402358 2.41177E11 25977273 2.71325E11 39329282 4.35309E11 33188223
White alone, not Hispanic 15421806 1.55366E11 17516058 1.80394E11 24776786 2.66323E11 21679008
Black alone or in combination 9234439 9.78627E10 9942587 1.0609E11 17584162 2.13446E11 15651390
Black alone 9096543 9.64489E10 9798354 1.04654E11 17324047 2.10492E11 15432389
Asian alone or in combination 1925222 2.39796E10 2147437 2.65806E10 2830546 3.48791E10 2479156
Asian alone 1867738 2.32189E10 2086376 2.57572E10 2739504 3.35E10 2398936
Hispanic (of any race) 8657713 9.27458E10 9209387 9.899E10 15805023 1.84428E11 12609870
Age of Householder
15 to 24 years 6325408 6.38068E10 6542463 6.54597E10 9563424 1.06915E11 9263450
25 to 44 years 18674219 2.08118E11 19459323 2.19171E11 34613203 4.18033E11 27742231
45 to 54 years 4736711 5.08065E10 5231878 5.7419E10 7915785 8.86836E10 6753971
55 to 64 years 3376103 3.07612E10 4522369 4.51807E10 5486706 5.71581E10 5229048
65 years and over 2459168 2.07119E10 3442553 3.00348E10 3976650 3.50823E10 3905633
Type of Family
Married-couple families 14058673 1.52877E11 16441109 1.81443E11 24263764 2.76446E11 19815119
With related children under 18 8494503 1.04129E11 9138444 1.1299E11 16344020 2.0194E11 12014972
With related children under 6 4960910 6.02843E10 5256871 6.3633E10 9753991 1.21283E11 7124495
Male householder, no wife present 3449479 3.67162E10 3685620 3.97424E10 5004804 5.51942E10 4422159
Female householder, no husband present 18063457 1.84612E11 19071858 1.9608E11 32287199 3.74232E11 28657054
With related children under 18 16379590 1.70356E11 17203187 1.8074E11 29819268 3.53343E11 26268349
With related children under 6 10101242 1.11989E11 10471545 1.16209E11 17805621 2.26727E11 16103771
Table 5. Mean Income Deficit of Families in Poverty, by Definition of Income and Selected Characteristics: 2003
Definition 15 Definition 16 Definition 17 Definit
Mean agg Stderr agg Mean agg Stderr agg Mean agg Stderr agg Mean agg
Type of Residence
Inside metropolitan areas 28581133 3.04549E11 31261634 3.36958E11 49023763 5.68553E11 42272033
Inside central cities 14026892 1.51726E11 14778804 1.60448E11 24746873 2.95077E11 21396980
Outside central cities 14554241 1.52823E11 16482831 1.7651E11 24276891 2.73475E11 20875053
Outside metropolitan areas 6990475 6.96551E10 7936952 8.03071E10 12532004 1.37319E11 10622299
Region
Northeast 5174214 5.44332E10 5710719 6.14196E10 9481142 1.09493E11 8231200
Midwest 6637781 6.86473E10 7120758 7.46291E10 11370666 1.32265E11 9865644
South 15400239 1.58561E11 16978199 1.76386E11 26287033 2.98519E11 22591837
West 8359376 9.25631E10 9388911 1.04831E11 14416927 1.65596E11 12205651
Educational Attainment
Less than 12th grade, no diploma 12409727 1.3042E11 13572005 1.42729E11 22025241 2.60199E11 18811175
High school graduate, no college 12073148 1.24099E11 13174060 1.36556E11 21306914 2.38282E11 18208332
College: Less than bachelor's degree 7590091 8.16112E10 8292112 9.15936E10 13092367 1.48592E11 11198316
Bachelor's degree or more 3498643 3.80748E10 4160410 4.63857E10 5131246 5.8799E10 4676508
Work Experience in 2003
Total, 15 to 64 years 33112441 3.53493E11 35756033 3.8723E11 57579118 6.7079E11 48988699
Worked at full-time jobs 7768231 7.76597E10 8226063 8.19642E10 17246653 1.75929E11 12019995
50 to 52 weeks 3856140 4.26116E10 4018954 4.38959E10 8915597 8.80391E10 5633914
Worked at part-time jobs 4925013 4.33307E10 5259240 4.75832E10 9667813 1.0236E11 7737143
Did not work 20419197 2.32502E11 22270730 2.57683E11 30664652 3.92501E11 29231561
Table 5. Mean Income Deficit of Families in Poverty, by Definition of Income and Selected Characteristics: 2003
Definition 15 Definition 16 Definition 17 Definit
Mean agg Stderr agg Mean agg Stderr agg Mean agg Stderr agg Mean agg
Year-Round Full-Time Workers
No workers 29903039 3.13933E11 33170320 3.5468E11 48666593 5.78452E11 44510233
Householder 15 to 64 years 27713566 2.965E11 30043975 3.28282E11 45144279 5.48729E11 41009357
Householder 65 years and over 2189473 1.74336E10 3126346 2.63974E10 3522313 2.97226E10 3500876
One worker 4862379 4.87294E10 5231192 5.09081E10 11636739 1.11401E11 7414610
Two workers or more 806190 1.15416E10 797074 1.1677E10 1252436 1.60192E10 969489
Program Participation Status of
Family Members
One or more members received:
Cash assistance 6415046 5.39149E10 6840922 5.72697E10 13534786 1.4985E11 12653509
Public assistance or wefare non-SSI 4556003 3.81858E10 4789201 3.98505E10 10069164 1.15511E11 9392411
SSI 2169623 1.75357E10 2408071 1.94645E10 4411917 4.19198E10 4177478
Food stamps 10938468 9.65706E10 11651045 1.02629E11 25604326 3.01549E11 22481229
Housing assistance 4187729 3.26537E10 4301777 3.29287E10 12713188 1.51168E11 11413314
Energy assistance 2789152 2.55528E10 3006601 2.69799E10 6103354 6.8084E10 5371377
Free or reduced-price school lunches 13635490 1.47385E11 14511128 1.58911E11 28554507 3.52929E11 23195522
Family received both food stamps and
cash assistance 4610182 3.60407E10 4879440 3.7939E10 11081740 1.2461E11 10379000
Table 5. Mean Income Deficit of Families in Poverty, by Definition of Income and Selected Characteristics: 2003
Definition 15 Definition 16 Definition 17 Definit
Mean agg Stderr agg Mean agg Stderr agg Mean agg Stderr agg Mean agg
Health Insurance Coverage
One or more members covered by:
Employer-provided plan 6798018 7.01828E10 7589419 8.02895E10 13053541 1.36651E11 10545101
Medicare 5099894 4.90025E10 6421917 6.06887E10 8186647 8.15626E10 7772769
Medicaid 18514573 1.83197E11 19760530 1.96024E11 36376970 4.207E11 31015515
No members covered by:
Employer-provided plan or Medicare
or Medicaid 10038732 1.17215E11 11099789 1.32833E11 13706295 1.64749E11 11918402
Health insurance 8062689 9.45468E10 8700909 1.04773E11 10940690 1.33002E11 9434607
Family received:
Medicare and Medicaid 2323168 2.22387E10 2649766 2.47938E10 3971834 4.09069E10 3688186
Table 5. Mean Income Deficit of Families in Poverty, by Definition of Income and Selected Characteristics: 2003
Definition 18
Stderr agg Bcell
All families 6.15597E11 1243
Race and Hispanic Origin of Householder
White alone or in combination 3.81087E11 1243
White alone 3.71803E11 1243
White alone, not Hispanic 2.36196E11 1243
Black alone or in combination 1.93292E11 1243
Black alone 1.9069E11 1243
Asian alone or in combination 3.14482E10 1243
Asian alone 3.01686E10 1243
Hispanic (of any race) 1.49011E11 1243
Age of Householder
15 to 24 years 1.03027E11 1243
25 to 44 years 3.45742E11 1243
45 to 54 years 7.79199E10 1243
55 to 64 years 5.46619E10 1243
65 years and over 3.42462E10 1243
Type of Family
Married-couple families 2.26107E11 1243
With related children under 18 1.52569E11 1243
With related children under 6 8.94976E10 1243
Male householder, no wife present 5.02469E10 1243
Female householder, no husband present 3.39243E11 1243
With related children under 18 3.19037E11 1243
With related children under 6 2.08157E11 1243
Table 5. Mean Income Deficit of Families in Poverty, by Definition of Income and Selected Characteristics: 2003
Definition 18
Stderr agg Bcell
Type of Residence
Inside metropolitan areas 4.98105E11 1243
Inside central cities 2.60694E11 1243
Outside central cities 2.37411E11 1243
Outside metropolitan areas 1.17492E11 1865
Region
Northeast 9.75059E10 1057
Midwest 1.17051E11 1280
South 2.59498E11 1342
West 1.41542E11 1355
Educational Attainment
Less than 12th grade, no diploma 2.23334E11 1243
High school graduate, no college 2.07787E11 1243
College: Less than bachelor's degree 1.30272E11 1243
Bachelor's degree or more 5.42037E10 1243
Work Experience in 2003
Total, 15 to 64 years 5.81351E11 1243
Worked at full-time jobs 1.25466E11 1243
50 to 52 weeks 5.90472E10 1243
Worked at part-time jobs 8.04679E10 1243
Did not work 3.75417E11 1243
Table 5. Mean Income Deficit of Families in Poverty, by Definition of Income and Selected Characteristics: 2003
Definition 18
Stderr agg Bcell
Year-Round Full-Time Workers
No workers 5.30664E11 1243
Householder 15 to 64 years 5.01114E11 1243
Householder 65 years and over 2.95507E10 1243
One worker 7.14003E10 1243
Two workers or more 1.35323E10 1243
Program Participation Status of
Family Members
One or more members received:
Cash assistance 1.40387E11 1243
Public assistance or wefare non-SSI 1.07914E11 1243
SSI 3.97309E10 1243
Food stamps 2.65277E11 1243
Housing assistance 1.36798E11 1243
Energy assistance 6.04505E10 1243
Free or reduced-price school lunches 2.93753E11 1243
Family received both food stamps and
cash assistance 1.16818E11 1243
Table 5. Mean Income Deficit of Families in Poverty, by Definition of Income and Selected Characteristics: 2003
Definition 18
Stderr agg Bcell
Health Insurance Coverage
One or more members covered by:
Employer-provided plan 1.1318E11 1243
Medicare 7.70074E10 1243
Medicaid 3.62E11 1243
No members covered by:
Employer-provided plan or Medicare
or Medicaid 1.47092E11 1243
Health insurance 1.17953E11 1243
Family received:
Medicare and Medicaid 3.76518E10 1243
Race Footnotes